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Various factors influence pregnant women's knowledge of pregnancy danger signs, including age, education level, occupation, previous pregnancy experience, socioeconomic status, and access to health information. Insufficient knowledge of these signs, often due to limited access to health services and information, increases the risk of delays in managing pregnancy complications, which can negatively impact both maternal and fetal health. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between maternal characteristics, specifically age, and awareness of pregnancy danger signs. This quantitative study employed a correlational approach, using a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The study was conducted at the Tapa Health Center in Bone Bolango Regency, from April to August 2024, with 40 participants included. The Spearman statistical test was used to assess the relationship between maternal characteristics based on age and the knowledge of pregnancy danger signs before and after an intervention. The results showed a significant change in the knowledge levels of pregnant women, with the p-value of 0.852 indicating no direct relationship between maternal age and awareness of pregnancy danger signs. Although a positive change was observed in the knowledge levels after the intervention, the study concluded that there was no significant relationship between maternal age and knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. The findings suggest that while interventions can improve awareness, age alone does not appear to be a significant factor influencing knowledge levels. This highlights the importance of focusing on other factors such as education, health access, and targeted health interventions to enhance maternal awareness of pregnancy risks. Further studies with larger sample sizes and additional variables are recommended to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence pregnancy-related knowledge.

Antenatal care (ANC) is critical for ensuring the health and well-being of pregnant women and their fetuses, particularly in reducing maternal mortality rates, which remain high in Indonesia. One of the contributing factors to this issue is a lack of knowledge and non-compliance with ANC visits. The goal of this study is to examine the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards ANC services at Puskesmas Siko, a health center located in Indonesia. The study used a descriptive quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 34 pregnant women was selected using purposive sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess their knowledge and attitudes regarding ANC services. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. The results indicated a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge and their adherence to ANC visits, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Similarly, the study found a significant relationship between the attitudes of pregnant women and their participation in ANC visits, with a p-value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that pregnant women who possess more knowledge and have a positive attitude toward ANC are more likely to utilize these services. The study highlights the critical role that improving knowledge and attitudes plays in increasing ANC utilization, which is essential for preventing pregnancy-related complications and improving overall maternal health outcomes. Given the significant impact of ANC on reducing maternal and fetal health risks, it is crucial to implement targeted health education programs that aim to enhance pregnant women’s understanding of ANC’s importance and encourage positive attitudes towards attending these visits. The findings from this study call for greater emphasis on health education interventions that can improve the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women, thereby contributing to a reduction in maternal mortality and improved pregnancy outcomes in the region.

Emesis gravidarum (EG) is a common condition experienced by pregnant women, characterized by nausea and vomiting that can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus. Although often considered a normal part of pregnancy, EG can significantly impact a mother's quality of life. Age factors are thought to have an effect on the level of maternal knowledge about this condition, with older mothers tending to have a better understanding than younger mothers. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 30 pregnant women in the first trimester was taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson correlation tests. 60% of respondents were multigravida, and 40% of respondents (100%) were between the ages of 20 and 35. Seventy percent of people throw up more than three times a day. With an average score of 73.40 (on a scale of 50 to 90), Mother's level of knowledge showed variances in comprehension. The normality test revealed that the knowledge and age data were normally distributed. Since there was no discernible association between the mother's age and her degree of knowledge (r = 0.139, p = 0.465) according to the Pearson correlation test, other variables like education and information availability might be more important factors influencing knowledge. The age of the first-trimester pregnant women and their level of EG knowledge did not significantly correlate. Consequently, comprehensive health education is essential to enhance pregnant women's comprehension of EG, irrespective of age considerations.

The Maternal and Child Health (KIA) Book is an important media used to provide health information for pregnant women. Effective utilization of the KIA Book can increase pregnant women's knowledge about the dangers of pregnancy, thus supporting a healthy pregnancy. However, not all pregnant women have utilized the KIA Book optimally, especially in the UPTD Buntulia Health Center area. This study aims to analyze the utilization of the KIA Book on the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the dangers of pregnancy in the UPTD Buntulia Health Center. This study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents were 16 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the utilization of the KIA Book and the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the dangers of pregnancy (p-value = 0.000). Pregnant women who actively utilize the KIA Book tend to have a better level of knowledge than those who do not utilize it. Optimal utilization of the KIA Book contributes positively to increasing pregnant women's knowledge about the dangers of pregnancy. It is recommended that health workers at Buntulia Health Center be more active in providing education on the importance of using the KIA Book and providing assistance to pregnant women to maximize its benefits

Emesis gravidarum (EG) is a common condition experienced by pregnant women, characterized by nausea and vomiting that can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus. Although often considered a normal part of pregnancy, EG can significantly impact a mother's quality of life. Age factors are thought to have an effect on the level of maternal knowledge about this condition, with older mothers tending to have a better understanding than younger mothers. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 30 pregnant women in the first trimester was taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson correlation tests. 60% of respondents were multigravida, and 40% of respondents (100%) were between the ages of 20 and 35. Seventy percent of people throw up more than three times a day. With an average score of 73.40 (on a scale of 50 to 90), Mother's level of knowledge showed variances in comprehension. The normality test revealed that the knowledge and age data were normally distributed. Since there was no discernible association between the mother's age and her degree of knowledge (r = 0.139, p = 0.465) according to the Pearson correlation test, other variables like education and information availability might be more important factors influencing knowledge. The age of the first-trimester pregnant women and their level of EG knowledge did not significantly correlate. Consequently, comprehensive health education is essential to enhance pregnant women's comprehension of EG, irrespective of age considerations.

Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnalnt women is al problem thalt still occurs todaly. Chronic energy deficiency in pregnalnt women caln halve aln impalct on the heallth of the mother during pregnalncy, childbirth alnd the heallth conditions of the child who will be born. The purpose of this study is to determine the relaltionship between the level of knowledge albout nutrition alnd the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CHD) in pregnalnt women alt the Siko Heallth Center. This study used al descriptive correlaltion design with al cross sectionall alpproalch. Daltal alnallysis used the Chi Squalre test method. This study wals conducted with al salmple of 1l0l4 people. The results showed al relaltionship between the level of knowledge The results showed thalt there wals al relaltionship between the level of knowledge albout nutrition alnd the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CHD) in pregnalnt women alt the Siko Heallth Center, with al p-vallue of 0l.0l0l0l <0l.0l5. Nurses als palrt of heallth workers plaly aln importalnt role in efforts to increalse pregnalnt women's nutritionall knowledge so thalt the nutrition of pregnalnt women caln be fulfilled. nutrition of pregnalnt women caln be fulfilled optimallly to prevent the occurrence of SEZ.  

This study intended to examine the impact of implementation’s digital marketing on the production level of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). In the digital era, technology-based marketing strategies such as social media, e-commerce, and messaging applications have become essential tools for reaching a wider range of consumers. This research uses a qualitative approach with semi-structured interview techniques involving MSME actors from various sectors. The results show that most MSMEs actively utilizing digital marketing have experienced a significant increase in demand, which has led to higher production levels. However, some MSMEs have not felt a substantial impact due to limitations in managing digital platforms and a lack of knowledge in online marketing. Digital marketing plays an important role in supporting the growth of MSME production, although its effectiveness largely depends on the adaptability of each business owner. This research is expected to contribute to the preparation of digital marketing strategies for MSMEs in the digital era.

Anthropometry is a direct technique for evaluatingnutritional status, especially protein and energy levels of the body. One of the efforts to develop competent and skilled cadres in anthropometric measurements is through training techniques. To determine the relationship between knowledge, role, motivation and length of service of Posyandu cadres towards the use of anthropometric tools at the Topo Health Center UPTD.Method:This type of research is observational analytic using Cross Sectional Study. The research sample amounted to 30 cadres from 3 active posyandu. Data analysis used the Statistical Program For Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0.Results:Chi Square Testshows that there is no relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools based on the measurement of the foot scale and stadiometer (p-value> 0.05). There is a relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools based on the measurement ofLiLa, infantometer, and head circumference (p-value <0.05). While the relationship between work period and the use of anthropometric tools and the relationship between motivation and the use of anthropometric tools is not related (p-value> 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools (measurement ofLiLa, infantometer, and head circumference). There is no significant relationship between work period and the use of anthropometric tools, as well as motivation and the use of anthropometric tools. Suggestion: it is hoped that cadre training will be held frequently and will be improved and more active in using anthropometric tools.

The correctional facility SAE L’SIMA in Malang is confronted with two major challenges: the environmental impact of accumulated cow manure and the need to provide meaningful vocational training for inmates to support rehabilitation and reintegration. This community service program was designed to address both issues simultaneously through the introduction and application of biogas technology. The primary objective was to manage livestock waste as an alternative renewable energy source while equipping inmates with practical technical skills applicable beyond the correctional setting. The implementation method employed a participatory approach that involved several stages, including program socialization, site survey, biogas unit design, assembly of a small-scale digester, and subsequent monitoring and evaluation.The results demonstrated that the biogas unit was successfully constructed and operational; however, gas production levels remained below optimal standards. Key challenges identified included unstable temperature conditions, which negatively affected the fermentation process, and technical problems such as leakage in the piping system. These obstacles limited the overall effectiveness of gas generation. Despite these limitations, the project provided significant outcomes. First, it created a working model of sustainable energy generation within the correctional environment. Second, it delivered valuable vocational training for inmates, offering them both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience in renewable energy technology. Furthermore, the program encouraged inmate participation, fostering teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving skills that are essential for personal development.In conclusion, although technical barriers remain, this initiative succeeded in establishing the foundation for sustainable waste management and renewable energy application within a correctional facility. More importantly, it highlights the potential of biogas technology not only as an environmental solution but also as a rehabilitative vocational training tool. Continued monitoring, process optimization, and technical refinements are essential for achieving long-term success and scalability of this model in similar institutional contexts.

The development targets in the Health sector in the 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) place one of the main targets for maternal and child health is to reduce the incidence of children under five years old (toddlers) stunting (low height / short) by 30.8% (2018) to 19% in 2024. Optimal Health Status must be prepared since a woman before marriage. Then continued when the woman is pregnant, and while breastfeeding. Childhood is the foundation for growth and development in the next stage, if there are nutritional problems then the consequences that arise are permanent. The risk of stunting by 7x can occur in women 15-49 years who experience anemia and when they become pregnant will be at risk of giving birth to stunted babies. In women of childbearing age aged 15-49 years is the foundation for growth and development in the next stage, if during this period women experience nutritional problems then the consequences that arise can be permanent or irreversible. Its essence is a critical period when a system is plastic and sensitive to its environment, followed by a permanent loss of plasticity and functional capacity (Ummi Kalsum et al., 2021). Before education was provided, most adolescents showed a low level of understanding, namely 31 respondents (56.7%), and awareness of the importance of monitoring nutritional status during adolescence was also minimal. However, after interactive counseling with an easy-to-understand approach, there was a significant increase in knowledge, with 41 respondents (68.3%) showing an increase in understanding, reflected in a change in the knowledge category to a better level. This activity emphasizes the importance of promotive and preventive interventions in areas at high risk of nutritional problems. The implementation of direct and participatory education involving cadres and health workers has proven effective in increasing awareness and forming healthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescents. Therefore, similar education programs need to be implemented continuously to reduce anemia rates to prevent stunting and prevent stunting from adolescence.

Pregnancy is a critical period that begins with conception and lasts until the birth of the fetus, typically lasting about 280 days. Adequate antenatal care (ANC) is essential to ensure the healthy development of the fetus and to identify potential complications early. One of the most important factors contributing to maternal and fetal health is the level of knowledge pregnant women have regarding pregnancy-related danger signs. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their compliance with attending ANC visits at the Ternate City Health Center. This research employed a qualitative design with a cross-sectional approach to examine the knowledge and compliance of pregnant women within the area. A total sampling technique was used, where the sample size was equivalent to the population size. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine any significant relationships between the variables. The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between the pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their adherence to ANC visits. The statistical analysis indicated a p-value of 0.003 (p < 0.05), demonstrating a strong correlation between the two factors. This finding highlights the importance of educating pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy, as better awareness may lead to higher rates of ANC attendance. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in disseminating critical information to expectant mothers, ensuring they recognize the importance of timely ANC visits. In conclusion, increasing knowledge about pregnancy-related danger signs among pregnant women is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and promoting better compliance with ANC visits, ultimately leading to healthier pregnancies.

Pregnancy is a critical period that begins with conception and lasts until the birth of the fetus, typically lasting about 280 days. Adequate antenatal care (ANC) is essential to ensure the healthy development of the fetus and to identify potential complications early. One of the most important factors contributing to maternal and fetal health is the level of knowledge pregnant women have regarding pregnancy-related danger signs. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their compliance with attending ANC visits at the Ternate City Health Center. This research employed a qualitative design with a cross-sectional approach to examine the knowledge and compliance of pregnant women within the area. A total sampling technique was used, where the sample size was equivalent to the population size. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine any significant relationships between the variables. The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between the pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their adherence to ANC visits. The statistical analysis indicated a p-value of 0.003 (p < 0.05), demonstrating a strong correlation between the two factors. This finding highlights the importance of educating pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy, as better awareness may lead to higher rates of ANC attendance. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in disseminating critical information to expectant mothers, ensuring they recognize the importance of timely ANC visits. In conclusion, increasing knowledge about pregnancy-related danger signs among pregnant women is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and promoting better compliance with ANC visits, ultimately leading to healthier pregnancies.

Family health is greatly influenced by the knowledge and balanced nutrition practices of housewives, who play a key role in managing family food. However, many housewives still lack understanding of the principles of balanced nutrition, both in food selection and in daily meal preparation. This community service activity aims to improve housewives’ knowledge and awareness of balanced nutrition through a community education program. The methods used included counseling, interactive discussions, and hands-on menu planning practice. The participants consisted of 40 housewives from X Subdistrict, Y City. The evaluation results showed a significant increase of 35% in participants’ knowledge level after the program. Furthermore, there was an improvement in their motivation to apply balanced nutrition practices in the family setting. This program proved effective in strengthening the understanding and practical skills of housewives regarding balanced nutrition as a preventive effort against nutritional problems at the household level.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that has long-term impacts on the quality of human resources and is closely related to maternal health during pregnancy. Antenatal care (ANC) serves as an important promotive and preventive strategy to reduce the risk of stunting; however, pregnant women’s active participation in utilizing ANC services remains a challenge, particularly at the primary health care level. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge about stunting and their active participation in ANC at the Saritani Community Health Center. This research employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all pregnant women who attended ANC services, with a sample of 60 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring knowledge of stunting and ANC attendance behavior. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, with the Chi-square test applied to examine the relationship between variables. The results showed a significant association between knowledge of stunting and ANC participation (p < 0.05). Pregnant women with higher knowledge levels were more likely to attend ANC regularly. In conclusion, improving knowledge about stunting among pregnant women is a key strategy to enhance ANC utilization and support early prevention efforts.

Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnalnt women is al problem thalt still occurs todaly. Chronic energy deficiency in pregnalnt women caln halve aln impalct on the heallth of the mother during pregnalncy, childbirth alnd the heallth conditions of the child who will be born. The purpose of this study is to determine the relaltionship between the level of knowledge albout nutrition alnd the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CHD) in pregnalnt women alt the Siko Heallth Center. This study used al descriptive correlaltion design with al cross sectionall alpproalch. Daltal alnallysis used the Chi Squalre test method. This study wals conducted with al salmple of 1l0l4 people. The results showed al relaltionship between the level of knowledge The results showed thalt there wals al relaltionship between the level of knowledge albout nutrition alnd the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CHD) in pregnalnt women alt the Siko Heallth Center, with al p-vallue of 0l.0l0l0l <0l.0l5. Nurses als palrt of heallth workers plaly aln importalnt role in efforts to increalse pregnalnt women's nutritionall knowledge so thalt the nutrition of pregnalnt women caln be fulfilled. nutrition of pregnalnt women caln be fulfilled optimallly to prevent the occurrence of SEZ.  

Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) experienced by each woman is different, some are slightly disturbed but some are very disturbed to the point of being unable to carry out daily activities and making them have to rest or even be absent from school. Data in the UKS book records show that 16 female students were treated at the UKS where 13 (81.2%) complained of pain during menstruation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of warm compresses on reducing dysmenorrhea pain in female adolescents. The type of quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design on the one group pretest and post-test group design research approach. The population of this study was female adolescents who experienced menstrual pain with a sample of 30 female adolescents using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection used an observation sheet. Univariate and bivariate analysis (Wilcoxon test). The results of this study showed that the average menstrual pain in adolescents before being given warm compresses was 4.7 and after being given warm compresses was 1.4. There is an effect of warm compresses on reducing menstrual pain in female adolescents (p-value = 0.000). Advice for young women is to apply warm compresses to reduce pain during menstruation.

Rapid population growth is a major challenge in Indonesia, despite the ongoing implementation of the Family Planning (KB) program. Among the various contraceptive methods introduced, the Intrauterine Device (IUD) has proven to be an effective long-term solution. However, maternal interest in using the IUD remains relatively low, posing a challenge to achieving optimal family planning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing maternal interest in choosing IUDs at Biontong Health Center. The study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 35 respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed various factors influencing IUD use, including knowledge, gravida status, and previous family planning experience. The results revealed that 57.1% of respondents were not interested in using IUDs, while 42.9% expressed interest. Several significant factors were found to influence maternal interest, particularly the level of knowledge and gravida status. Specifically, respondents with better knowledge about IUDs were more likely to be interested in using them, with 63.6% of those with good knowledge expressing interest, compared to 30.0% with sufficient knowledge and only 35.7% with poor knowledge. Additionally, gravida status also played a significant role, with those who had previous pregnancies showing more interest in IUD use. In conclusion, maternal knowledge and pregnancy experience are key factors influencing interest in IUD use. To increase the adoption of IUDs as a long-term contraceptive option, it is essential to improve education and counseling efforts aimed at increasing public understanding of the benefits and safety of IUDs.

Stunting is a critical issue that can be addressed through various interventions, one of which involves the active participation of community cadres. This study aimed to assess the role of knowledge and motivation as mediating factors between the duration of service as a cadre and their performance in the stunting prevention program at the Tajinan and Wagir Health Centers. The research used an analytic observational study design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 608 cadres across two health centers, and a sample of 125 cadres from each health center was selected using proportional cluster random sampling. To analyze the data, an Independent Sample T-Test was used to compare the duration of service as a cadre, knowledge, motivation, and performance between the two health centers. Path analysis was conducted to explore the impact of the duration of service as a cadre on performance, mediated by knowledge and motivation. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the knowledge and performance of the cadres, while the duration of service and motivation did not show significant differences between the two health centers. Path analysis revealed that knowledge and motivation were not significant mediators in the relationship between the duration of service and cadre performance. Furthermore, the length of time as a cadre did not significantly impact performance in either health center. However, motivation emerged as the most influential factor, with a substantial effect on the performance of the cadres in both health centers. Based on these findings, it is recommended that stunting prevention programs focus on enhancing the motivation of cadres to improve their performance, rather than solely relying on the duration of their service or their knowledge levels.

Stunting is a critical issue that can be addressed through various interventions, one of which involves the active participation of community cadres. This study aimed to assess the role of knowledge and motivation as mediating factors between the duration of service as a cadre and their performance in the stunting prevention program at the Tajinan and Wagir Health Centers. The research used an analytic observational study design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 608 cadres across two health centers, and a sample of 125 cadres from each health center was selected using proportional cluster random sampling. To analyze the data, an Independent Sample T-Test was used to compare the duration of service as a cadre, knowledge, motivation, and performance between the two health centers. Path analysis was conducted to explore the impact of the duration of service as a cadre on performance, mediated by knowledge and motivation. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the knowledge and performance of the cadres, while the duration of service and motivation did not show significant differences between the two health centers. Path analysis revealed that knowledge and motivation were not significant mediators in the relationship between the duration of service and cadre performance. Furthermore, the length of time as a cadre did not significantly impact performance in either health center. However, motivation emerged as the most influential factor, with a substantial effect on the performance of the cadres in both health centers. Based on these findings, it is recommended that stunting prevention programs focus on enhancing the motivation of cadres to improve their performance, rather than solely relying on the duration of their service or their knowledge levels.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing global health challenge, especially due to the irrational use of antibiotics. Increasing public awareness of the dangers of AMR is an important step in prevention and control efforts. A counseling program on AMR awareness has been implemented as part of the Community Service Program by Bali International University students in Punggul Village, Badung Regency, Bali Province. Method: This community service activity was carried out on September 5, 2023 and was attended by more than 50 participants, the majority of whom were housewives. The methods used included the presentation of educational materials, interactive sessions, and local culture-based campaigns to increase public understanding regarding the proper and wise use of antibiotics. Results: Evaluation through posttest showed that there was fair knowledge (73.0%) and positif attitude of participants (100%) regarding the importance of rational use of antibiotics. In addition, this activity had a positive impact on students as implementers, especially in improving communication skills, leadership, and community empowerment. Conclusion: This program showed that a community-based educational approach that is sensitive to the local context has significant potential in raising awareness of AMR. Active involvement of young people as agents of change can be a sustainable strategy to support AMR control efforts at the local and global levels.