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This paper is intended to analyze how institutions play a role as government institutions in upholding human rights, which focuses on human rights enforcement as reviewed from the performance of Komnas HAM institutions, the Ombudsman and other institutions, as well as the challenges faced in upholding human rights advocacy in Indonesia. Human rights problems are not a new problem in Indonesia, the many human rights violations in Indonesia if this problem continues to be left without evaluation and solutions, it will result in prosecution to the Government in order to solve the existing problems. Even after the reform, human rights violations continue to occur and are signaled in Indonesia, proving the inadequacy of the role of State Institutions to solve problems of human rights violations in Indonesia and ensure real security and protection of justice for the Indonesian people.

This research discusses the factors that influence the performance of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in companies, which are very important in supporting operational efficiency and decision making. This system plays a vital role in managing financial data, but is often hampered by problems with the quality of human resources, technology and data management. The theoretical study uses the Information Systems Success Model and Technology Acceptance Model to evaluate AIS performance in terms of system quality, information, services and user acceptance. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with document analysis, reviewing journals and related research reports. The research results show that the main factors influencing AIS performance include HR skills, choosing the right technology, data quality, and user adaptation to the system. Therefore, companies need to invest in human resource development, choose appropriate technology, and ensure accurate data management. In conclusion, to improve AIS performance, companies must manage these factors well so that they can support more precise and efficient decision making.

Acts 1:8 became an important foundation for the mission of the early church to function as an agent of change in the world. In this verse, Jesus calls his disciples to be His witnesses in various regions, from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth, while emphasizing the importance of cross-cultural missions in the development of the church. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a biblical approach. sThe rapid spread of the Gospel reflects the universal appeal of Christ's message that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, and its relevance for all people. Thus, the mission of the early church not only changed the spiritual lives of individuals, but also had a significant social impact, including strengthening communities, caring for the poor, and defending human rights. The results of this article review show an answer that mission is not just the task of a few people, but is the collective responsibility of all believers to create a better and more just world, in accordance with the teachings of Christ.

Acts 1:8 became an important foundation for the mission of the early church to function as an agent of change in the world. In this verse, Jesus calls his disciples to be His witnesses in various regions, from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth, while emphasizing the importance of cross-cultural missions in the development of the church. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a biblical approach. sThe rapid spread of the Gospel reflects the universal appeal of Christ's message that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, and its relevance for all people. Thus, the mission of the early church not only changed the spiritual lives of individuals, but also had a significant social impact, including strengthening communities, caring for the poor, and defending human rights. The results of this article review show an answer that mission is not just the task of a few people, but is the collective responsibility of all believers to create a better and more just world, in accordance with the teachings of Christ.

This research aims to analyze the protection of human rights at a minimum in the implementation of emergency constitution The research used is a critical analysis with a qualitative approach that involves the analysis of legal documents and related literature. This research reveals the formation of emergency constitutional regulations that still pay attention to human rights, which must be carried out at a minimum. The type of research used in researching the problems in this study is normative juridical. This research is a normative juridical research because the researcher will analyze the laws and regulations related to the implementation of the emergency constitution from the perspective of human rights. Library materials and secondary data can be called normative legal research or library research by collecting legal materials both primary, secondary and/or tertiary. The government has a strategic role in determining the emergency conditions of a country. Traffic conditions caused by military, civilian attacks and disease outbreaks that cause the state to be unable to implement constitutional law normally, if not immediately will threaten the safety of the community and the country.  Therefore, it is necessary to have written regulations or laws that provide a framework of procedures, formalities and frameworks to manage emergencies. The results of the research are expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the central government's implementation guidelines in carrying out emergency state administration.

Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) has a strategic role in building democratic character among the younger generation as an important capital in the life of society, nation and state. This research aims to analyze how the implementation of PPKn education in schools can be an effective means of internalizing democratic values, such as tolerance, justice, respect for human rights, and deliberation. Civics learning requires good preparation, especially through preparing material that not only provides knowledge but is also able to bring about changes in the character of students. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method, which includes critical analysis of various sources, such as national and international journal articles, books, e-books, dissertations, theses, as well as print and online media which can provide a comprehensive picture of the role of PPKn in form students' democratic character. The research results show that PPKn education based on Pancasila values ​​has proven to be effective in developing individuals who have strong character and are able to face the challenges of the era of globalization. By combining the values ​​of Pancasila and democratic principles, this education plays a role in forming a highly civilized, competitive and globally superior nation.

The rapid use of smartphones and the internet in the modern era has brought significant impacts, especially in the spread of animal abuse content. In 2021, there were 5,480 animal abuse contents spread around the world, with 1,626 contents coming from Indonesia. The Art Director's role as the supervisor and director of art and visual elements in various creative projects, including public service announcements, is crucial. Art Directors are responsible for ensuring the aesthetic and creative vision of a project is in line with the objectives and target audience. This research aims to explain the importance of concept preparation in the creation of public service advertisements to readers or audiences. The general benefit of this study is to increase public understanding of the role of the Art Director as the conceptualizer behind public service advertisements. This study focuses on a public service announcement titled "Stop Animal Torture as a Means of Entertainment," which aims to remind people about the human rights of animals. Considering that Indonesia is the world's top producer of animal torture content, this ad calls for improving this bad data as it highlights the importance of the issue. With around 1,600 animal abuse content originating from Indonesia out of a total of 5,480 global content, this ad is an effort to reduce the negative impact on living beings and raise awareness of the issue.

Handling terrorism cases in Indonesia requires a careful approach considering the diversity of applicable legal sources, especially Islamic Law and Pancasila. This article explores harmonization efforts between the two legal systems in the context of countering terrorism. Islamic law, with its principles that emphasize justice, security and protection of society, offers an approach based on restoration and enforcement of social norms. On the other hand, Pancasila as the basis of the state and national ideology provides a normative framework that emphasizes unity, social justice and human rights. This study analyzes how the principles of Islamic law can be integrated with the Pancasila legal framework to create an effective legal system in dealing with terrorism. The research focus includes a review of existing laws and regulations, policies for handling terrorism, as well as the implementation and implementation of the law in practice. This article also identifies challenges that may arise in the harmonization process, including potential conflict of norms and differences in interpretation between Islamic Law and Pancasila. This study aims to provide strategic recommendations for policy makers and law enforcement officials to create a more holistic and harmonious approach in dealing with terrorism. It is hoped that the integration of the values of Islamic law with the principles of Pancasila can strengthen efforts to prevent and overcome terrorism, as well as maintain the diversity and unity of the nation. Thus, this research contributes to the development of legal policies that are more inclusive and fair, in accordance with the Indonesian social and cultural context.

As the ideological and philosophical basis of the Indonesian state, Pancasila plays an important role in the formation of national laws and regulations. This journal examines three main aspects of the function of Pancasila in law. First, Pancasila serves as a normative framework to ensure that laws are in accordance with basic values such as justice, humanity, and unity. Second, Pancasila strengthens legal legitimacy and political consensus in the midst of modern political dynamics that are often polarized. Third, there are problems in implementing Pancasila values in law, such as inconsistencies between positive laws and people's aspirations, as well as bureaucratic constraints. In addition, the journal discusses how the values of Pancasila should be instilled and taught, how it helps strengthen constitutional democracy, as well as its relationship to economic law, human rights, environmental issues, and international law. This journal emphasizes how important it is to apply the principles of Pancasila in facing global challenges and maintaining the integrity of the nation. The research method used in this article is a qualitative approach with document analysis and literature studies on laws, court decisions, and other legal sources. The results of the study show that the application of Pancasila in law in Indonesia still faces various challenges, but it has great potential to strengthen the national legal system, especially in the aspects of social justice and constitutional democracy.

The relationship between citizenship, human rights, national law, and Islamic law. Citizenship provides a formal basis for individuals in a state, while human rights are fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution and international instruments. Islamic law also emphasizes the protection of human rights based on the principles of justice and dignity. This study compares how national law and Islamic law regulate citizenship and human rights, and seeks how both can complement each other in strengthening the protection of individual rights in Indonesia. With a normative and comparative legal approach, it is hoped that this study can contribute to creating an inclusive, just, and humanist legal system that respects diversity and moral values, and is able to handle contemporary issues such as the protection of minority groups and women's rights.

Indonesia's constitutional reform since 1998 has brought significant changes to the governance system, legal framework, and the protection of civil rights. This study analyzes the impact of the reform on civil rights protection, focusing on the legal and policy dynamics in the post-reform period. Key changes include the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, decentralization of power, and the strengthening of state institutions such as the Constitutional Court. While the legal framework for human rights has been reinforced, challenges persist, including the harmonization of regional and national regulations and corruption, which undermines public access to basic rights such as healthcare, education, and justice. Decentralization often produces discriminatory policies against religious, ethnic, and sexual minorities, while past human rights violations and identity politics exacerbate social tensions. This study employs a normative method with historical and juridical approaches. To enhance civil rights protection, improved oversight of regional regulations, the abolition of discriminatory policies, anti-corruption measures, and transitional justice mechanisms for addressing past human rights violations are essential. Strengthening civil society and judicial reform are also critical steps toward achieving more effective and equitable civil rights protection.

This research evaluates the effectiveness of citizenship legislation in Indonesia, focusing on Law No. 12 of 2006. The background of this study is based on the importance of protecting citizenship rights within the context of evolving social and political dynamics. The aim of the research is to identify discrepancies between regulations and practices, as well as to analyze the impact of policies on social integration and the protection of individual rights. The methodology employed is normative legal analysis, which includes legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches, along with data collection through literature review and interviews with legal experts. The findings indicate that although Law No. 12 of 2006 has brought positive changes, the implementation of policies still faces challenges such as inconsistency and administrative obstacles. The implications of this research highlight the need for reforms in citizenship policy that are fairer and more responsive, which can enhance the protection of individual rights and create a more inclusive system for all citizens.  

This study examines citizenship as a constitutional right in Indonesia, focusing on the foundational principles of citizenship, the roles of state institutions, challenges in the enforcement of rights, and relevant case studies. The research employs a doctrinal legal methodology with a normative approach, incorporating legislative, case law, conceptual, historical, and comparative perspectives. Data is collected from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources through a literature review. The analysis reveals that the foundational principles of citizenship are enshrined in the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia (UUD 1945), which includes the right to participate in government, the right to decent work, and other social rights. State institutions such as the President, the People's Consultative Assembly (DPR), and the judiciary play crucial roles in the enforcement of constitutional rights. However, several challenges persist, including human rights violations, injustices within the legal system, and barriers to political participation. Case studies related to administrative issues in the 2024 elections, human rights violations in Papua, and the controversy surrounding the Omnibus Law on Job Creation illustrate practical issues in the implementation of constitutional rights.

This research aims to explore and analyze the relationship between Pancasila, as the foundation of the Republic of Indonesia, and international principles of justice and equality. Pancasila, which consists of five precepts that reflect the basic values of the Indonesian nation, is expected to serve as a guideline in the application of the principles of social justice and equal rights in the international context. This study uses an analytical approach to evaluate how Pancasila aligns with various international conventions and standards related to human rights and social justice. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities in integrating Pancasila values with global norms, as well as its impact on Indonesia's public policy and international relations. The results show that while there is significant alignment between Pancasila and international principles on justice and equality, there are some challenges in its implementation that need to be addressed to ensure better harmonization between national and international norms.

This research aims to explore the influence of Pancasila in Islamic criminal law reform, focusing on efforts to combat terrorism. Using a qualitative approach, this research collects and analyzes various literature sources and relevant legal documents. In addition, document analysis was conducted to evaluate existing policies and practices, as well as challenges in the application of Pancasila principles. The results show that the integration of Pancasila can strengthen Islamic criminal law by ensuring a more just and humane application in dealing with terrorism. However, there are challenges in the reform process, including differences between sharia and Pancasila principles and implementation issues. This research recommends in-depth reforms, development of oversight mechanisms, and increased dialogue between relevant parties to create a more effective legal system that is in line with Pancasila values. The findings provide important insights for Islamic criminal law reform that is more harmonious and responsive to the threat of terrorism. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual case, historical and comparative approaches.

Dual citizenship presents a multifaceted issue for many nations,including Indonesia,especially in the context of increasing globalization and international mobility.Under Indonesia’s Citizenship Law No.12 of 2006,only single citizenship is recognizet,which poses various legal and administrative challenges for individuals holding dual citizenship.This study investigates the constitutional and human rights issues surrounding dual citizenship in Indonesia,examining the difficulties arising from the country’s single citizenship policy ang exploring potential solutions.The focus is on legal reforms,the implementation of international treaties,and enhanced international cooperation as means to address these challenges.Findings suggest that revising the Citizenship Law,integrating relevant international treaties,and improving public education on dual citizenship could significantly improve rights protection.The study advocates for Indonesia to consider legal reforms and strengthen international collaboration to better manage and fairly address the complexities of dual citizenship.

This research discusses the concept of dual citizenship in the perspective of Indonesian positive law and Islamic law. Dual citizenship refers to the legal status in which a person is recognized as a citizen by more than one country, a phenomenon that is increasingly relevant in the era of globalization. In Indonesian positive law, dual citizenship is generally not recognized, except in special cases such as children from mixed marriages. However, increasing global mobility and individual rights have prompted discussion on the need for wider recognition of dual citizenship. Meanwhile, Islamic law provides a more flexible approach by considering the maqasid al-shariah principle which emphasizes the protection of basic human rights. Through a normative juridical and sociological approach, this research explores how the two legal systems deal with dual citizenship and what the implications are for individuals as well as the state. A comparative study of dual citizenship Dual Citizenship, Positive Law, Islamic Law, Maqasid al-Shariah, Citizenship Regulation practices in several other countries, such as the United States, Canada, Egypt and Pakistan, was also conducted to gain greater insight and understand the best practices that can be adapted in Indonesia. The results show that despite resistance to dual citizenship, its implementation can provide significant benefits, both in terms of protecting individual rights and strengthening international relations. Therefore, it is recommended that Indonesia consider a more comprehensive and inclusive policy regarding dual citizenship, which is in line with positive legal values and Islamic legal principles. This research can hopefully serve as a reference for policy makers and academics in developing regulations that are adaptive to global dynamics.

This study compares national and Islamic law on citizenship and legal protection for minority groups. Citizenship determines the basic rights of individuals, while minority groups often face discrimination in national and Islamic legal systems. This research explores the protection of minorities in international human rights-based national law and Islamic law through the concept of ahl al-dhimma. Case studies from India, France, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia show a variety of approaches, such as the controversial CAA in India, the laïcité principle in France, and conservative and progressive interpretations of Islamic law in Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. The results highlight the challenges of implementing equal protection in both legal systems due to political and social dynamics. In conclusion, inclusive policies based on interfaith and cross-cultural dialogue are needed to strengthen minority rights globally.

The application of Pancasila as an ethical foundation in law enforcement against criminal acts of terrorism in Indonesia highlights the importance of integrating humanitarian values and human rights principles. This article analyses how Pancasila, with its focus on social justice and humane treatment, distinguishes Indonesia's approach from repressive methods commonly applied in other countries. The research method used in this article is a descriptive qualitative approach, which includes document analysis as well as in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including law enforcement, academics, and deradicalisation practitioners. The data obtained is analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of deradicalisation programmes based on the principles of Pancasila and its impact on reducing radicalisation as well as reintegration of former terrorism perpetrators. By emphasising the need for a balanced policy between security and human rights, the Pancasila-based approach proved to be more effective and sustainable in the long run. Challenges in the consistent application of Pancasila values are faced in the context of globalisation and advances in information technology. The results show that this approach not only reduces radicalisation but also facilitates the reintegration of former terrorism perpetrators into society. In conclusion, the application of Pancasila in law enforcement contributes significantly to national stability and can be a model for other countries in countering global terrorism.

The life of the Indonesian nation and state is guided by Pancasila as an ethical system. Pancasila as the basis of the state functions as a value system that directs people's behavior towards a just, harmonious and dignified life. In the ethical context of national life, Pancasila teaches important values such as tolerance, justice, humanity and unity. These values help build national unity amidst cultural, religious and ethnic diversity. In the current era of globalization, the urgency of Pancasila as an ethical system is increasingly important because the nation's noble values can be damaged by modern issues such as individualism, materialism and social conflict. Indonesian society can use Pancasila as an ethical guideline to develop ways of thinking and acting that are in accordance with the spirit of mutual cooperation, respect for human rights, and a balance between rights and obligations. Pancasila helps society unite and helps people make decisions, both institutionally and personally. Therefore, internalizing Pancasila values as an ethical system is a strategic effort to maintain the nation's immortality in facing the evolution of the times and realizing national ideals for a just, prosperous and prosperous life.