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The reconstruction of reality in films has a significant connection to everyday life, particularly in depicting cultural clashes that occur in the context of romantic relationships. Interactions between individuals from different cultural and religious backgrounds are becoming increasingly common, often giving rise to challenges and conflicts in relationship dynamics. Therefore, it is important to understand how films can reflect and interpret these issues. This study aims to identify the reconstruction of reality and cultural clashes present in the narrative of the film “Komang.” The method applied in this study is narrative analysis with a descriptive qualitative approach, which produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from the subjects being studied. The theoretical review used in this study is narrative analysis as proposed by Tzvetan Todorov, which emphasizes the existence of plot structure in a story. The results of this study show that this film depicts the complex and challenging dynamics faced by couples from different cultural and religious backgrounds. In addition, this film also raises crucial social issues, such as cultural and religious differences, as well as the importance of communication in maintaining romantic relationships.  

Many young people in Indonesia have a strong interest in starting their own businesses; however, only a small portion are able to turn this interest into a sustainable entrepreneurial career. This study aims to explore in depth how family support plays a role in the journey of young entrepreneurs, from the early stages of entrepreneurial exposure to the formation of entrepreneurial identity and personal values. The research employs a qualitative method with a narrative-biographical approach. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the main subject and significant others who have close relationships with the subject. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis technique, which focuses on identifying meaning and patterns within the subject’s life experiences. The findings reveal four main themes: (1) the process of early entrepreneurial learning and exposure, (2) the role and dynamics of family support in fostering entrepreneurial resilience, (3) turning points in career transformation and the formation of entrepreneurial identity, and (4) personal principles and values that guide business practices. The results emphasize that family support is not only material but also serves as a psychological and emotional factor that plays a crucial role in the success of young entrepreneurs in building and sustaining their businesses.

The community service activity themed “Efforts of the GG. Subur, Bandar Selamat Residents in Maintaining Environmental Cleanliness” was carried out to increase public awareness in maintaining the cleanliness of the surrounding environment, as well as to encourage active participation in preserving environmental sustainability. This program includes household waste management, street park cleaning, and mosque cleanliness. The methods used were socialization about the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness, mutual cooperation in cleaning the environment, and interactive discussions with local residents to explore ideas on efficient waste management methods. The results of the activity showed a positive response from the community, with active involvement in every stage of the activity, as well as the emergence of initiatives to continue the cleanliness program independently through a mutually agreed upon routine schedule of gotong royong. This program not only increases awareness about the importance of cleanliness but also strengthens social relationships among residents and fosters a sense of ownership over the environment. In conclusion, this activity successfully raised the community’s awareness of environmental cleanliness and is expected to continue as a sustainable community-based environmental management model.

This study comprehensively examines the concept of Sharia law by highlighting the main divisions within Islamic law: taklifi law and wadh'I law. Taklifi law encompasses five normative categories: obligation, recommendation, permissibility, makruh, and prohibition, which serve to regulate individual behavior in accordance with Sharia principles. Meanwhile, wadh'iy law emphasizes the causes, conditions, and requirements for the validity of a legal act, thus forming a normative framework that guarantees the validity of an action from an Islamic legal perspective. This study uses a normative approach through a literature review of primary sources of Islamic law, such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and classical and contemporary fiqh literature. The results of the study indicate that the division between taklifi and wadh'iy law is crucial for understanding the structure and complexity of Sharia law, both in terms of the vertical relationship between humans and God and the horizontal relationships between individuals. This study also examines the contemporary issue of plastic surgery from an Islamic legal perspective.  Plastic surgery is permissible for medical purposes, such as reconstruction following an accident, congenital defect, or impaired bodily function, as it aligns with the principles of preserving benefit and eliminating harm. However, plastic surgery solely for aesthetic purposes is considered forbidden, as it constitutes altering God's creation without a sharia (Islamic) justification. This finding confirms that the division of sharia law is not merely theoretical but also relevant in addressing modern issues, including in medical practice, and has important implications for the development of contemporary Islamic law and its application within the national legal context.

Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in organizational life and has the potential to greatly affect performance, interpersonal relationships, and institutional sustainability. The complexity of interactions in educational, business, and social environments makes this issue increasingly relevant for in-depth study. This study aims to examine the development of scientific studies on types of conflict and conflict management strategies over the past six years. The main focus of the study is to answer two questions: what types of conflict are most dominant in organizations, and how are conflict resolution strategies applied in various institutional contexts? The research method used is a literature review with the main keyword “types of conflict,” through searches in several scientific databases. From the selection results, five relevant articles were obtained and then analyzed based on research themes and trends. The analysis results show three main findings. First, conflicts within organizations can be classified into intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup conflicts. Second, conflict resolution strategies emphasize the importance of effective communication, collaboration, mediation, and participatory leadership in creating sustainable solutions. Third, ethical and religious dimensions are also important aspects in building fair and harmonious resolutions. This study confirms that effective conflict management requires a multidimensional approach that integrates managerial, psychological, and moral values. Researchers are encouraged to conduct comparative studies between institutions to enrich their understanding of organizational conflict dynamics.

This study aims to analyze the communication strategy implemented by Global Radio 88.4 FM Jakarta in maintaining its existence as a youth radio amidst the rapid growth of digital media. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study collects data through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The data obtained is analyzed using Cangara's communication strategy theory and George R. Terry's POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) management theory. The results show that Global Radio 88.4 FM Jakarta implements several key strategies, including program segmentation to meet the needs of young audiences, optimizing the use of social media such as TikTok and Instagram, and strengthening emotional relationships with listeners. The success of these strategies is influenced by well-planned content, efficient team organization, and flexible execution that responds to trends among the youth generation. However, amidst the growing competition in the digital world, challenges faced include changes in media consumption patterns and limited resources. This study provides insights into the importance of adapting communication strategies to maintain the existence of traditional radio in the digital era.

The Human Development Index (HDI) functions as a key indicator for assessing the level of welfare and overall quality of life of the population within a specific region. This study aims to examine the socio-economic factors influencing HDI at the provincial level in Indonesia using a Gaussian kernel regression approach. A nonparametric method is employed due to its flexibility in capturing nonlinear relationships between the response and predictor variables without the need to assume a specific functional form. The analysis utilizes secondary data, including education, poverty, per capita expenditure, expected years of schooling, open unemployment rate, and gross regional domestic product for each Indonesian province. The findings from this study indicate that educational factors, particularly mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling, exert the most significant impact on HDI improvement. The estimated Gaussian kernel regression model demonstrates a coefficient of determination of 0.9954 and a residual standard error of 0.3468, reflecting a very high predictive accuracy and relatively low error. These results suggest that Gaussian kernel regression is an effective nonparametric approach for analyzing human development in Indonesia.

In the dynamic and competitive business environment, profitability has been recognized as a fundamental determinant of corporate sustainable growth. However, the complex relationship between profitability and sustainable growth, particularly through the mediating role of firm performance, remains understudied in emerging markets like Indonesia. This study examines the impact of profitability on corporate sustainable growth and investigates the mediating role of firm performance in this relationship among companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Using a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), this research analyses panel data from 112 companies listed on the IDX during 2018-2023, resulting in 672 observations. Profitability was measured using Return on Assets (ROA), sustainable growth using Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR), and firm performance using Tobin's Q. Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM to test both direct and mediating relationships. The findings reveal that profitability has a strong positive and significant impact on sustainable growth (β = 0.417, t = 9.328, p < 0.001), representing the highest path coefficient among all financial determinants examined. Firm performance significantly mediates the relationship between profitability and sustainable growth (indirect effect = 0.096, p < 0.001), indicating partial mediation. The model explains 47.9% of the variance in sustainable growth (R² = 0.479). Profitability emerges as the most critical financial determinant of sustainable growth in Indonesian listed companies. The study confirms that profitability influences sustainable growth both directly and indirectly through enhanced firm performance, providing dual pathways for growth enhancement. These findings have significant implications for corporate financial management and investment decision-making.

Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in organizations and educational institutions, and if not managed properly can have a negative impact on performance, effectiveness, and interpersonal relationships. However, conflict also has the potential to be a catalyst for improvement if managed appropriately. Therefore, it is important to systematically examine the stages of conflict, their impacts, and relevant management strategies. This study aims to answer the following questions: (1) How are the stages of conflict identified in various organizational and educational contexts? (2) What are the impacts of conflict on organizations? and (3) What management strategies are most effectively implemented? The method used was a literature review by searching articles through national and international databases using the keywords stages of conflict, conflict management, and education. Of the 73 initial articles, 18 primary articles were selected for thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main findings: (1) conflict generally develops through stages of latency, escalation, and overt manifestation; (2) conflict negatively impacts performance if left unchecked, but can be constructive if managed; and (3) effective conflict management strategies are contextual, combining structural, interpersonal, and cultural-religious value approaches. In conclusion, this literature highlights the need for adaptive conflict management to maintain organizational stability. Further research is suggested to explore integrative models of conflict management based on local values and educational practices.

Intellectual capital represents information that reflects the quality of human resources and the knowledge assets owned by a business unit. This study aims to examine the influence of intellectual capital on business performance in creative sector MSMEs, specifically in the fashion and beauty industries in Surabaya. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to business owners to capture their understanding of the components of intellectual capital and its impact on business performance. The study employs a quantitative method with a correlational approach to analyze the relationships between variables. The results of significance tests indicate that intellectual capital overall has a notable impact on business performance. Specifically, Human Capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital, Technological Capital, and Business Capital exert a positive influence, demonstrating that the quality of human resources, organizational structure, business relationships, technology utilization, and business assets are key factors in improving MSME performance. Conversely, Customer Capital shows a negative influence, highlighting the need for more effective strategies in managing and leveraging customer-related resources. These findings confirm that intellectual capital significantly affects the performance of creative sector MSMEs, suggesting that proper management and development of each component of intellectual capital is essential for enhancing competitiveness, sustaining growth, and ensuring the long-term success of small and medium enterprises.

This study examines the relationship between business environment dynamics and the sustainability of microenterprises in the culinary sector, focusing on a case study of dim sum businesses in Medan City. The business environment is conceptualized as a set of external factors, including competitive intensity, local economic conditions, regulations, shifts in consumer preferences, and the strategic role of business location. A qualitative approach was employed using a case study method, with data collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observation of operational activities. The findings indicate that high levels of competition, particularly from new entrants offering lower prices, directly influence the survival strategies of business owners. Adaptive adjustments were implemented through menu innovation, product quality maintenance, and strengthening relationships with loyal customers. Furthermore, the presence of educational institutions and socio-economic activities around business locations supports demand stability, especially from student segments. Strategic physical location enhances both visibility and accessibility but simultaneously intensifies competition. Conceptually, this study highlights that the sustainability of small-scale culinary enterprises is determined not only by internal management capacity but also by the ability to interpret, anticipate, and respond to external dynamics. Consequently, continuous adaptive strategies, product differentiation, and consumer network strengthening are essential prerequisites for culinary micro and small enterprises to maintain competitiveness in a highly competitive market.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the economy by creating jobs, reducing poverty, and contributing to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, many MSMEs still struggle to market their products effectively. Limited capital, workforce, and access to promotional media lead them to rely on conventional methods such as print advertising, with minimal use of digital platforms. These limitations hinder their ability to reach wider markets and compete effectively at both local and national levels. Furthermore, differences in approach between MSMEs and large companies influence their marketing strategies. MSMEs often prioritize social networks and personal relationships over structured and systematic marketing plans. As a result, traditional methods are insufficient to face increasing competition and shifts in consumer behavior. Therefore, research was conducted on more innovative, creative, and adaptive marketing strategies for Ubay Singkong Keju MSMEs so that they could survive and thrive amid the ever-changing market dynamics.

This study aims to determine the influence of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and Facilities and Infrastructure, both partially and simultaneously, on the Effectiveness of Public Services for adult parole clients at Balai Pemasyarakatan (Bapas) Class I Jambi. The research employs a quantitative method with a descriptive approach to systematically and measurably describe the relationships among variables. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 90 respondents selected using the simple random sampling technique, ensuring equal opportunities for all participants to be included in the sample. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis to test the effect of each variable on service effectiveness. The findings reveal that both partially and simultaneously, SOP and Facilities and Infrastructure have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of public services. Among the two variables, Facilities and Infrastructure exert a more dominant influence, highlighting the importance of adequate resources in improving service quality. Meanwhile, the implementation of SOPs needs to be further optimized to make a more substantial contribution to enhancing the effectiveness of public service delivery for adult parole clients at Bapas Class I Jambi.

The main issue addressed in this research concerns the importance of selecting the appropriate funding sources for companies, particularly in the Consumer Cyclicals sector, which requires substantial financing to support operational activities. This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, company growth, and asset structure on debt policy in Consumer Cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period. The study employs purposive sampling, yielding 190 observations from companies that meet the criteria. Multiple linear regression is used as the analytical tool to examine the relationships among the variables. The results indicate that asset structure has a positive and significant effect on corporate debt policy, demonstrating that companies with a stronger asset base tend to adopt higher levels of debt financing. In contrast, profitability and company growth do not show a significant effect on debt policy, suggesting that these financial performance indicators may not be the primary determinants in the capital structure decisions for Consumer Cyclicals firms. These findings highlight the critical role of asset management in debt strategy while emphasizing that profitability and growth alone may not suffice to guide financing choices. Companies should consider the composition of assets carefully when determining their debt policies to optimize financial stability and operational efficiency.

This study aims to analyze the effect of work discipline, work environment, and effective communication on employee loyalty at PT. Sentong Sultan Keraton Majapahit in Kediri City. This research uses a quantitative associative approach with a survey method. The population consists of 35 employees, all of whom were selected as samples using the total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 25. The results show that work discipline and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee loyalty, while effective communication has a positive but not significant effect. Simultaneously, all three independent variables significantly influence employee loyalty, with a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.779, indicating that 77.9% of loyalty variation is explained by these factors. Therefore, this study concludes that consistent implementation of work discipline and the creation of a conducive work environment are key determinants of employee loyalty, while effective communication should be strengthened to optimize its role in maintaining harmonious workplace relationships.

This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of advertising and price on consumer purchase intention at Elshinta Swalayan Sukaraja. The research employed a quantitative method with a survey approach to collect empirical data from respondents. The sampling technique used was incidental sampling, with a total of 100 consumers who shopped at Elshinta Swalayan Sukaraja. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the relationships and effects among the studied variables. The results revealed that advertising and price simultaneously have a significant influence on consumer purchase intention. Partially, advertising has a significant effect on increasing purchase intention through the delivery of persuasive and attractive promotional messages. Meanwhile, the price variable also shows a positive influence, indicating that competitive pricing can strengthen consumers’ purchase decisions. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of integrating promotional strategies and pricing policies to enhance consumer purchase intention and improve the retail store’s competitiveness in the local market.

This study aims to analyze the effect of product variation and store atmosphere on customer revisit intention at Kilat Kuphi, Jalan Garuda, Medan. A quantitative associative approach was applied by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, and the data were analyzed using inferential statistics with SPSS. The results show that both product variation and store atmosphere have a positive and significant influence, either partially or simultaneously, on revisit intention. Product tangibility and interior display emerged as dominant indicators in shaping positive customer experiences. These findings highlight that continuous innovation in product offerings and store atmosphere management is crucial for enhancing customer loyalty and ensuring business sustainability. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of maintaining consistency in both product offerings and store ambiance to ensure that customers return. By focusing on these two key areas, businesses can foster long-term relationships with customers, increase brand loyalty, and ultimately enhance profitability. The implications of this study suggest that retailers, particularly in the competitive market of Medan, should prioritize not only product diversity but also the creation of a pleasant and immersive store environment to drive customer retention.

This study examines youth slang (Jugendsprache) in the film Into the Beat (2020) through semantic and morphological approaches. The background of the research is based on the phenomenon of youth language development, which is dynamic, creative, and rich in socio-cultural meaning, yet often difficult for foreign speakers to understand. Youth language is chosen as the object of study because it reflects identity, group solidarity, and the communicative creativity of young people, and frequently appears in media, particularly films. The theoretical framework refers to experts’ perspectives on the characteristics of youth language, including the use of Anglicisms, abbreviations, metaphorization, and the formation of neologisms. The research method applied is descriptive qualitative, with data sources taken from the dialogues and subtitles of the film Into the Beat. The analysis is carried out based on Helmut Henne’s theory of youth language characteristics. The results reveal that youth slang in the film functions not only as a means of communication but also as a medium of emotional expression, lifestyle, and identity construction among German adolescents. Vocabulary such as alter, bro, krass, cool, and scheiße demonstrates creativity in morphological processes, including abbreviation, prefixation, and borrowing from foreign languages. The study concludes that youth slang plays an essential role in shaping characters, inter-character relationships, and the authenticity of the storyline. Furthermore, youth language reflects the evolving cultural and social dynamics of adolescents. This research is expected to contribute to linguistic studies, particularly semantics, and to serve as a valuable resource in German language learning by expanding vocabulary and fostering an understanding of authentic communication patterns among German teenagers.

This study aims to analyze the influence of brand image, product quality, and price on consumer loyalty toward sports shoes among basketball athletes in Medan City. The research employed a quantitative approach with an associative design by distributing questionnaires to 78 respondents. The results indicate that brand image has no significant effect on consumer loyalty, while product quality and price show a positive influence. Simultaneously, the three variables contribute to the formation of consumer loyalty, particularly through usage satisfaction, repurchase intention, and recommendations to others. These findings highlight the importance of product quality and competitive pricing as the main factors in building consumer loyalty in the sports shoe market. This research provides insights for athletic shoe manufacturers to focus more on improving product quality and competitive pricing to maintain and expand market share among athletes. It also shows that while brand image can influence consumer perceptions, quality and price are more dominant in building long-term relationships with consumers in the athletic shoe industry.

Community empowerment is an important pillar in social development in Indonesia. This article discusses the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Program by students of the Christian Leadership Study Program, Faculty of Theology, Tarutung State Christian Institute in Hutaraja Simanungkalit Village, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency. This activity focuses on spiritual and social development, through a literacy mentoring program for children and support for the elderly. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a collaborative participatory method, which allows active interaction between students and the community. Data collection was carried out through observation, informal interviews, and documentation of activities. The evaluation results showed that the program succeeded in improving children's basic literacy skills and providing emotional support for the elderly, as well as strengthening social relationships in the community. Through this experience, students developed social skills and empathy, while the community felt the positive impact of student involvement. This article emphasizes the importance of collaboration between the academic world and local communities in realizing effective and sustainable empowerment.