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According to WHO (2015), TT immunization coverage in Africa reached 50%, with TT2 at 60%. In Indonesia, the Making Pregnancy Safer (MPS) program set a target of 95% Antenatal Care (K1) coverage, including TT2 by 2019. Puskesmas data in 2016 showed K1 coverage of 880 with TT1 at 27 (3.1%), and K4 at 739 with TT2 at 64 (8.6%). This study aims to assess premarital knowledge of TT immunization based on age, education, and occupation. Using a descriptive design and total sampling, 32 respondents were involved. Results showed most were under 20 years old (41%), had junior high school education (25%), and worked as entrepreneurs (19%). The lowest knowledge level was found among respondents with primary education (19%) and farmers (3%). It is recommended that midwives at Puskesmas Bestari intensify education to improve premarital knowledge about TT immunization.

Cases of child sexual abuse in Indonesia continue to increase each year. In the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta City ranks among the areas with the highest incidence. A preliminary study conducted at SD Negeri Dalem revealed that students had a low level of understanding about sexual abuse, with some having experienced it firsthand. One promising and age-appropriate intervention is the use of animated video media. To determine the effect of animation-based sex education on knowledge and self-awareness in preventing sexual harassment among students at SD Negeri Dalem Yogyakarta in 2025. This study employed a quantitative method with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design. A sample of 50 students from grades 3 to 6 was selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. The research instruments consisted of questionnaires measuring knowledge and self-awareness. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant effect on the improvement of knowledge (p-value = 0.012), indicating that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. However, there was no significant effect on self-awareness (p-value = 0.672), meaning the null hypothesis was accepted and the alternative hypothesis was rejected. The number of students in the “good” knowledge category increased from 10 students (20.0%) to 22 students (44.0%) after the intervention, while those in the “good” self-awareness category increased from 30 students (60.0%) to 34 students (68.0%). Animated video education is effective in increasing students' knowledge about the prevention of sexual harassment; however, it is not yet sufficient to significantly improve self-awareness. This indicates that enhancing self-awareness requires more in-depth, repeated, and interactive educational methods.

As a chronic disease, hypertension requires long-term management focused on patient fulfillment, where the active role of individuals in self-care contributes significantly to the prevention of complications and improving quality of life. This study aims to explore knowledge, attitudes, and social support regarding self-management in hypertensive patients. This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was all hypertensive patients who received treatment at the Pulo Brayan Community Health Center in Medan City in 2025. The study sample consisted of 216 people selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to hypertensive patients based on the variables of knowledge, attitudes, and social support. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 60.6% of respondents with hypertension had a poor level of knowledge regarding hypertension management, while 39.4% had good knowledge. 55.1% of respondents showed a positive attitude towards hypertension management, and 44.9% had a negative attitude. 57.9% of respondents received good social support, and 42.1% of respondents experienced poor social support. In conclusion, most respondents had poor knowledge regarding hypertension management. However, most respondents demonstrated positive attitudes and received good social support in implementing hypertension self-management.

Research Objectives: Mental and psychological health are key assets for athletes to achieve success. One psychological aspect is self-confidence and anxiety prior to a match. Currently, these aspects significantly influence an athlete's ability to understand the game pattern. Therefore, knowledge regarding anxiety and self-confidence in athletes before a match begins is necessary. Purpose : This study aims to determine the levels of anxiety and self-confidence among male futsal athletes before a match. Methods:  The methodology employed is quantitative descriptive, utilizing a questionnaire comprising 31 items administered to 12 male futsal athletes. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentages and categorized according to the categories corresponding to each score obtained. Results will be presented using tables and frequency diagrams. Results: The study found that 75% of athletes still had high anxiety levels and 75% had high self-confidence levels. The lowest anxiety score was 8.33%, and self-confidence scores were in the high and very high categories. Conclusion: It is recommended that athletes regularly engage in mental training to reduce anxiety levels and maintain and enhance self-confidence, thereby optimizing performance during matches. Additionally, further research is needed involving a larger and more diverse sample, including gender differences, to identify other influencing factors.

This study aims to analyze the influence of tax literacy knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and tax sanctions on hotel taxpayer compliance in Boyolali Regency. The research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 58 respondents who are hotel taxpayers in Boyolali Regency. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that tax literacy knowledge has a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.001. Taxpayer awareness also has a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.000. Additionally, tax sanctions have a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.006. Based on these results, it can be concluded that all three independent variables significantly affect the level of hotel taxpayer compliance in Boyolali Regency.

This study examines the usage behavior of art college students of digital libraries within the context of digital intelligence in Sichuan. It explores how motivational factors, knowledge, and traits influence students' engagement with digital resources. The research highlights that intrinsic motivations, such as personal interest and creativity, significantly drive students to utilize digital libraries effectively. Additionally, the level of digital literacy and familiarity with available resources plays a crucial role in determining usage frequency and depth. Personality traits, such as openness and conscientiousness, also influence how students interact with these platforms. By understanding these dynamics, the study aims to provide insights for educational institutions to enhance digital library services, ultimately fostering better academic outcomes and career readiness for art students in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. The findings suggest that student usage behavior correlates with the influence of motivation, knowledge, and traits in a sample of 385 art college students.

Infant mortality rates (IMR) at the global and national levels occur mostly during the neonatal period. One way to reduce infant mortality is to provide the best food, namely breast milk. The breastfeeding process can be hampered due to several problems, one of which is the occurrence of breast milk dams. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge about breastfeeding techniques and breast milk dams at PMB Pratiwi Agustian. The research method used was a quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional design. The research sample was 28 respondents using total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of breastfeeding mothers with good knowledge of breastfeeding techniques did not experience breast milk dams as many as 5 people (71.4%), 13 people (76.5%) did not experience breast milk dams in the moderate category, and 4 people (100.0%) experienced breast milk dams in the poor category. Correlation analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge of breastfeeding techniques and breast milk dams in nursing mothers at PMB Pratiwi Agustian with a significant value of p = 0.015. Lack of knowledge about proper breastfeeding techniques can increase the risk of breast milk dams in mothers. Therefore, improving mothers' knowledge and skills in breastfeeding through proper education and counseling is crucial to prevent or reduce the incidence of breast milk dams.

Pregnancy is divided into three stages: the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester. During pregnancy, the body undergoes various changes that can cause discomfort. Common discomforts experienced by pregnant women include varicose veins, back pain, muscle and joint aches, and lower back pain. These discomforts can be alleviated through pregnancy exercise (prenatal yoga or maternity gymnastics). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge about the benefits of pregnancy exercise and the childbirth process at Ampelgading Public Health Center. The research design used was descriptive quantitative. The population consisted of 35 pregnant women in May 2025, with a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that 36 respondents (50.0%) had moderate knowledge, 25 respondents (34.7%) had poor knowledge, and 11 respondents (15.3%) had good knowledge about pregnancy exercise. Overall, most pregnant women had a moderate level of knowledge. Based on the Spearman Rank statistical test with a 95% confidence level, the P-value was 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between pregnant women's knowledge of the benefits of pregnancy exercise and the childbirth process at Ampelgading Public Health Center.

Exclusive breastfeeding plays a crucial role in reducing neonatal mortality rates, preventing growth disorders, and enhancing immunological resilience. However, adherence to exclusive breastfeeding practices remains below the targeted level. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal characteristics, knowledge, and family support with the success of exclusive breastfeeding in infants. A cross-sectional design was used, conducted at the UPTD Sawang Health Center, South Aceh Regency, during February–March 2025. The population consisted of all mothers with infants aged 7–12 months visiting the health center, totaling 120 individuals. A sample of 97 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, followed by data processing that included response completeness checks, variable coding, and data entry. Data analysis comprised univariate analysis to present the frequency distribution of maternal characteristics and knowledge, and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square (χ²) test with a significance level of α=0.05 to test the hypotheses. The results showed that maternal employment was significantly associated with the success of exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.001), whereas maternal education (p = 0.566), income (p = 0.915), maternal knowledge (p = 0.351), and family support (p = 0.252) were not significantly related. In conclusion, maternal employment has a significant relationship with exclusive breastfeeding success

The purpose of this study was to investigate how integrated thematic science teaching can help elementary school students become more aware of and care for the environment. Descriptive qualitative methodology was used, and data were collected through documentation, interviews, and observations. The research findings show how science teaching combined with environmental themes can improve students' conceptual knowledge and foster an environmentally conscious mindset. In addition to understanding environmental issues, students also showed behavioral changes by keeping the school clean, saving water, and encouraging their friends to be responsible for the environment. Active student participation, instructor inventiveness, and school program support are elements that contribute to the success of learning. Meanwhile, time constraints and differences in students' ability levels are the main challenges. As a contextualized character education approach in elementary school, integrated thematic science learning has proven to be successful in shaping the character of environmental stewardship.

Iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of iron and folic acid supplementation, known as iron tablets, in reducing the risk of anemia among pregnant women. A descriptive qualitative literature review method was employed by analyzing nine eligible studies published between 2013 and 2023. Articles were selected from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using specific keywords. The findings suggest that regular consumption of iron tablets, particularly starting in the second trimester and meeting the minimum recommended dose of 90 tablets, is effective in improving hemoglobin levels and lowering anemia prevalence. However, compliance remains a significant challenge, influenced by side effects, maternal knowledge, and social support. The review highlights the need for behavior-based interventions and family involvement to enhance adherence. The implication of this review supports the integration of targeted health education and follow-up strategies within antenatal care services to reduce anemia-related risks in pregnancy.

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. The Posbindu PTM program serves as an initiative for early detection and prevention of NCDs through community empowerment. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the utilization of the Posbindu PTM program in the working area of Palibelo Health Center, Bima Regency. This quantitative research used a cross-sectional approach, involving 100 purposively selected respondents. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that education level and knowledge significantly affected the utilization of Posbindu services (p < 0.05). Respondents with higher education and better knowledge were more likely to use Posbindu services actively. However, lack of information and inadequate socialization were identified as major barriers to optimal utilization. Strengthening public health education and promotion is essential to enhance community participation in the Posbindu PTM program.

This research aims to determine the impact of socio-demographic factors, financial experience, socialization agents, on financial literacy levels for adults in Jabodetabek. The population in this study was 300 respondents who were Jabodetabek residents aged 18 years and over who were collected via questionnaires from November to December 2022. Data analysis in this study used quantitative analysis with an analytical technique using purposive sampling. The results of this research found that the financial literacy level of Jabodetabek residents was not influenced significantly by gender, age, and family socialization agent, but was influenced significantly by education, income, experience, peers, and media financial socialization agent. Our findings indicate that individuals with higher financial literacy scores are more likely to save and hold stocks and bonds.

Inflation is a condition in which the economy is marked by a general and continuous increase in the prices of goods and services over a certain period. Inflation reflects a decrease in the purchasing power of money due to the rising prices of goods and services. This study aims to analyze the level of understanding of inflation among Generation Z in Gondanglegi District, Malang Regency. Inflation is a crucial economic indicator that affects purchasing power and decision-making, particularly for the younger generation growing up in a dynamic economic landscape.The research uses a qualitative approach with data collected through Google Forms and strengthened with interview data. Respondents were 50 individuals aged between 19 and 25 years, all of whom had graduated from high school (SMA). The data were analyzed descriptively to understand the depth of knowledge and perception of inflation among these individuals.The results indicate that while most respondents are familiar with the term "inflation," their understanding of the causes, impacts, and ways to mitigate it is still superficial. Factors such as educational background, access to digital economic content, and daily economic experiences influence their level of understanding. This study contributes to the development of targeted economic literacy programs for Gen-Z.    

Melanoma is a type of malignant skin cancer commonly found among fishing communities due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Initial observations in the coastal area of Galesong, Takalar, South Sulawesi, revealed that many fishermen exhibit symptoms of skin cancer yet have low levels of knowledge and awareness regarding prevention and treatment. This community service activity aimed to provide psychosocial education to improve the quality of life for patients and their families. The methods included health education sessions, group counseling, and the distribution of culturally relevant educational materials. The results showed increased participant understanding of melanoma skin cancer, strengthened family psychosocial support, and greater motivation to seek routine health check-ups. This program is expected to serve as a community-based promotive and preventive intervention model for addressing skin cancer in high-risk groups.

Gross motor development in toddlers (aged 1–3 years) serves as a crucial foundation for their physical, cognitive, and social growth. Parental knowledge about the stages of this development is essential for providing appropriate stimulation and early detection of developmental delays. However, studies indicate that many parents, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, still have limited understanding, potentially hindering the optimal development of their children. This study aims to analyze parental knowledge of gross motor development in toddlers through a systematic literature review (SLR) of 20 selected studies conducted between 2020 and 2025. The findings reveal variability in parental knowledge levels, with education, access to digital information, and the role of healthcare professionals identified as key determinants. Recommended interventions include community-based education programs via posyandu (integrated health posts) for rural areas and the use of digital platforms for urban populations, supported by multisectoral policy integration to ensure program effectiveness and sustainability.

Learning evaluation is a process of assessing the achievement of learning objectives. The research aims to determine the cognitive domain contained in the questions created by the class XII Indonesian language teacher at Al-Furqon Bantarkawung Vocational School. This research method uses qualitative methods. The data source for this research is Indonesian PSAJ questions. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, interviews, and question documents. The researcher's technical data analysis using the assessment of PSAJ questions was carried out using the cognitive domain. This cognitive domain consists of 6 levels which cover students thinking abilities from the lowest to the highest. Teachers can plan learning and determine the types of questions that suit students' abilities in analyzing Indonesian language evaluations. The cognitive domain outlines six levels of response in the thinking process, namely: The results in this study contain 6 questions, the first is knowledge, knowledge based on cognitive level indicators, the ability to name is a characteristic of category (C1), Second, comprehension, there are two questions, this question is included in comprehension, the cognitive objective of this question is the stage of understanding (C2), Third the application of data based on cognitive level indicators (C3), Fourth Analysis (analysis) the ability to explain is a characteristic of the category (C4), Fifth Synthesis: There is one data based on the question above which is included in the cognitive domain category because students are asked to combine the correct parts to make one unit (C5). The six assessments (evaluation) and one question data above are included in the category (C6), because students are asked to compare texts 1 and 2 in the analysis of Indonesian PSAJ questions.

Pregnancy is a critical phase in a woman's life that demands comprehensive support from her closest environment, especially from her husband. This study aims to describe the role of husbands in accompanying their wives during pregnancy, identify factors that influence the level of involvement, and understand the impact on the physical and psychological health of pregnant women. The research approach used was qualitative with the type of phenomenological study, which was conducted in Kotabaru District, South Kalimantan. The main informants consisted of purposively selected pregnant women and postpartum mothers, complemented by triangulation from husbands, health workers, and community leaders. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participatory observation, and documentation, and analyzed thematically. The results showed that husbands' assistance included involvement in pregnancy check-ups, assistance with household chores, provision of financial and emotional support, and roles in preparing for childbirth. However, this involvement was influenced by the husband's knowledge, culture, communication, and working conditions. Intact support from husbands was shown to have a positive impact on pregnant women's sense of comfort, confidence, mental readiness, and physical health. This study emphasizes the importance of holistic involvement of husbands in the pregnancy process and the need for a family and culture-based approach in preparing for childbirth.

This article is written to examine the golden age of Islamic intellectuals, focusing on the development of education during the era of Caliph al-Ma'mun (786–833 AD) of the Abbasid Dynasty, and to explore the factors underlying the progress of science during that period. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative historical descriptive approach; data were collected through a review of primary and secondary sources (books, journals, historical documents), then analyzed systematically through the process of de-contextualization, coding, grouping, and re-contextualization in order to compile a comprehensive historical narrative. The results of the study indicate that al-Ma'mun's policies including the establishment of BaitulHikmah, the movement to translate foreign scientific works, and political and economic support created an open and inclusive intellectual climate, accelerating the development of science, philosophy, and formal education to the village level. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of synergy between state support, political stability, and respect for diversity as a foundation for the development of modern educational institutions and cross-cultural knowledge exchange.

Jambi Province has the highest prevalence of tobacco smoking among individuals aged 15 years and above in Indonesia within the past month. In addition, Jambi also records the highest average number of cigarettes smoked per day by individuals in this age group, with an average of 18 cigarettes per day. This situation highlights the significant level of tobacco consumption in the province, which may affect adolescent smoking behavior, including among vocational school students. Objective: To analyze the factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi.  This study was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 114 students selected using random sampling techniques. The study was conducted at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi. The dependent variable was smoking behavior, while the independent variables included knowledge, parental influence, peer influence, and exposure to cigarette advertisements. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval. The proportion of students who smoked at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi in 2025 was 46.5%. There were significant associations between smoking behavior and knowledge (p-value = 0.008; PR: 1.730; 95% CI: 1.163–2.573), parental influence (p-value = 0.023; PR: 1.597; 95% CI: 1.081–2.357), and peer influence (p-value = 0.001; PR: 2.038; 95% CI: 1.346–3.086). However, no significant association was found between exposure to cigarette advertisements and smoking behavior (p-value = 0.127; PR: 1.366; 95% CI: 0.929–2.010).The factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi were knowledge, parental influence, and peer influence.