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Natural disasters can happen anytime and anywhere without being predicted. The issue of natural disasters has a bad impact on many people, they can lose their lives and homes. The government in this case is directly in charge of handling this disaster case, namely the National Disaster Management Agency (abbreviated as BNPB) is a Non-ministerial Government Agency that has the task of assisting the President of the Republic of Indonesia in carrying out disaster management in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management. This research is a field research or empirical legal research, the methods used in data collection are interviews, observation and literature study, which was conducted in Nunbaun Delha Village and Manutapen Village, Alak District, Kupang City.  Based on the results obtained by researchers based on the formulation of the problem of how far the effectiveness of the distribution of financial assistance to the victims of the seroja disaster in Nunbaun Delha Village and Manutapen Village, Alak District, Kupang City, is the problem of the initial initiative to establish a command post post, raising assistance, identifying the needs of victims. Factors inhibiting the effectiveness of the distribution of financial assistance to victims of the seroja disaster in Nunbaun Delha Village and Manutapen Village, Alak District, Kupang City Coordination and Information and Distribution of social assistance is not on time to recipients of social assistance.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that causes pain, tingling and weakness in the hand due to compression of the median nerve in the wrist. Treatment of CTS is based on two main approaches, namely steroid injection therapy and endoscopic surgical decompression therapy. Steroid injection therapy provides greater temporary pain relief, but the benefits are not permanent. At the same time, surgical decompression treatment with endoscopy is a definitive treatment that is more effective in the long term and has a lower therapeutic failure rate than steroid injection treatment. This literature research explores various scientific studies and related literature that have been conducted in recent decades to understand the effectiveness and relative superiority of these two treatment methods. This review covers clinical aspects, such as the rate of pain recovery, recovery of hand function, as well as the impact on the patient's quality of life. The results of this literature review indicate that both treatment methods have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Steroid injection therapy can provide rapid and minimally invasive symptom relief, while endoscopic surgical decompression therapy tends to provide more lasting and complete improvement. Factors such as symptom severity, patient preference, and medical recommendations may influence the choice between these two methods.

Policy Implementation is in principle a rare or way that is done so that the policy can achieve its goals. Policy implementation aims to measure the extent of the impact on society and the extent of implementation achieved. This type of research is empirical juridical research. The types and sources of data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data is data obtained directly from the research location through direct interviews with respondents and based on researcher observations. Secondary data is data obtained from literature studies. The data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Based on the results of this study, it shows that (1) The effectiveness of the policy implementation of the Kupang Mayor Regulation on the Use of Health Protocols, namely: (a) Kupang City government participation, (b) government performance. (2) Factors inhibiting the implementation of the law are: (a) Limited qualified human resources, (b) limited facilities and infrastructure, (c) the mindset of the community regarding the enforcement of health protocols.

This study aims to analyze the influence of training and work motivation on employee performance in the working environment of Salopa District, Tasikmalaya Regency. Training and work motivation play a crucial role in enhancing employee performance in the public sector, including at the district level. The research employed a quantitative approach, involving employees as respondents in Salopa District. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and regression analysis to identify the relationship between training, work motivation, and employee performance. The results of the study indicate that training has a positive and significant impact on employee performance in the working environment of Salopa District. With relevant and effective training, employees have the opportunity to develop the skills, knowledge, and competencies required to perform their tasks more effectively. Training can enhance the efficiency, effectiveness, and professionalism of employees in providing services to the community. Furthermore, work motivation also has a significant influence on employee performance. Motivational factors such as recognition, rewards, incentives, organizational support, and career development opportunities can influence employees’ attitudes, work enthusiasm, and dedication to their jobs. Motivated employees tend to have higher performance levels and contribute positively to the achievement of organizational goals

Rangawak is a wood-working workshop in Barulak, Tanah Datar that produces hand-processed products without using massive manufacturing machines. Rangawak has been running since 2019, by utilizing the surrounding wood resources which are designed and processed to produce valuable furniture. However, this is still not enough to make Rangawak a sustainable brand. Rangawak needs more than just a quality product, but also a strong brand image, so it is easily recognized by potential consumers. Branding steps are deemed appropriate to overcome this problem using the design thinking method which focuses on empathy, defining problem, ideation and refining solutions. This method includes experimentation, development of ideas in visual form and physical implementation based on existing problems. The branding process results in the design of ideal branding elements, compiled into a brand book so that it becomes a reference for acting both internally and externally. These elements are in the form of values held firmly by the brand, brand positioning in the market, calm explanation of brand naming, brand personality which becomes a reference for how the brand interacts (in the form of tone of voice, prohibited and recommended terms, pronunciation and choice of words in copywriting), as well as visual identity with guidelines and rules for its application in various supporting media such as websites, catalog books, posters, member cards, packaging and Instagram accounts selected based on indicators of the media's effectiveness and efficiency in the brand activation process.

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.

This research aims to examine the application, obstacles and benefits of Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT on the effectiveness of social media marketing using the Attention, Interest, Desire, Action (AIDA) model approach, especially on the Cuci Shoes Kelen Instagram account. The background to this research is the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which has created an era of digital technology with a high number of internet users in Indonesia, even though digital understanding and literacy is still low. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods by collecting data through virtual ethnography and interviews. The research subjects consisted of two owners of "Cuci Shoes Kelen," namely DB and FP, while the research object was the use of Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT in this account. The results of the first research showed that the application of Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT with the AIDA model approach on the Instagram account "Cuci Shoes Kelen" resulted in improvements in all aspects measured. Therefore, the marketing and promotional content produced by ChatGPT can increase the effectiveness of social media marketing. The results of the second research show that there are obstacles in implementing ChatGPT Artificial Intelligence, especially in new users' understanding of the types of questions that should be asked to ChatGPT, and also the limited information in ChatGPT version 3.5. However, benefits include ChatGPT's ability to provide promotional strategy recommendations that comply with AIDA concepts and detailed guidance for their implementation.    

The high interest of the Indonesian people in retail supermarkets makes competition for retail supermarkets increasingly high, so that appropriate and effective marketing strategies are needed. This research examines the effectiveness of marketing strategy implementation in an effort to increase consumer shopping interest at the Salafiyah Sukorejo Banyuputih Situbondo supermarket. This research is a field study using descriptive qualitative research methods, namely the reporting is described and conveyed in words. The data sources used use primary and secondary data, while the data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data uses triangulation. The results of the research show that the marketing strategies carried out at Salafiyah supermarkets are very effective, although not all marketing strategy theories are implemented by Salafiyah supermarkets, but Salafiyah supermarkets' income increases from year to year due to implementing several marketing strategies that they implement in combination with several existing marketing strategy theories. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced in implementing marketing strategies include the lack of quantity of human resources and the lack of knowledge of human resources regarding retail supermarket marketing strategies.

In the era of digitalization and rapid technological development, payment systems have undergone significant transformation. One innovation in payments is the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS), which has become increasingly common in various sectors. An in-depth understanding of the implementation of QRIS in the new canteen environment of Jakarta State University will provide valuable insight into how this new technology impacts the transaction process. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, namely by describing and analyzing the problems found. Data collection techniques are based on primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this research was obtained by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation, while secondary data was obtained through books, previous research, and articles related to research. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the extent to which the implementation of QRIS in the New Canteen at Jakarta State University has succeeded in achieving the initial goal of improving the payment process, understand the positive impacts that have been generated by the use of QRIS, including increased efficiency, transaction security and convenience for users, and identify obstacles. that may arise in implementing QRIS, such as network problems or additional costs, which may affect its effectiveness. From the results of this research, it can be seen that the implementation of QRIS in the New Canteen at Jakarta State University has gone well even though several obstacles need to be corrected, such as a lack of consistency in payment rules and a lack of socialization about QRIS. The Policy and Use of QRIS in the new canteen at Jakarta State University has succeeded in achieving order, efficiency, and security in the payment process, simplifying transactions, reducing dependence on cash, reducing the risk of errors, and increasing sales in the canteen. Although there are challenges such as network problems, inadequate smartphones, and administration costs. It is highly recommended that sellers and managers of the New Jakarta State University Canteen continue to implement quality improvements properly. It is necessary to carry out intensive outreach to students and canteen staff regarding QRIS and how to use it, and it is important to ensure that the QRIS system runs smoothly and safely. Thus, the implementation of QRIS in the New Canteen at Jakarta State University provides significant benefits and has the potential to continue to be improved.

This research aims to develop Biology learning media and determine the feasibility and response of students to E-Learning learning media at SMA Negeri 1 Maesaan, Maesaan District. Data was collected using interviews and questionnaires and then analyzed using quantitative methods with a descriptive analysis approach. Based on the research results on "Development of E-Learning Assisted Biology Learning Media on Excretory Material in Class XI at SMA Negeri 1 Maesaan". It was found that the results of the feasibility test carried out by media experts obtained a result of 93% or "very feasible" to be used with 3 aspects of assessment, namely, technology, content, and media operations. As well as the results of the feasibility test by material experts, the results obtained were 89% or "feasible" to be used with 3 aspects of assessment, namely the technology, content, and material aspects, and the test results of student responses to the E-Book learning media obtained results of 86% with 3 aspects of assessment, namely: 1. Motivation to learn 2. Media effectiveness, 3. Language and communication. The conclusions in this research show that the development stages use a 4D (four-D) model. This 4D (four-D) development model has 4 stages: Define, Design, Develop. Disseminate is very suitable for use by reviewing a feasibility test from media and material experts and looking at the test results of student responses to the excretion system material.

The world of aviation in this modern era is increasingly developing. This is evidenced by the self-check-in facility provided by the company which greatly facilitates flight service users at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport Balikpapan where this facility can not only reduce interaction between humans and reduce the intensity of the spread of the Covid 19 virus at that time, this facility can also maximize the effectiveness of passenger time, so that there are no long queues in the use of manual check in. This study aims to determine the Use of Self Check In Technology Affects the Effectiveness of Flight Service Users at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport Balikpapan and How Much Influence the Use of Self Check In Technology Affects the Effectiveness of Flight Service Users at Sultan Aji Airport Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Balikpapan. This research uses quantitative research methods with data sources in the form of primary data and secondary data. The population in this study is service users who have used the Self Check-In System and the sample in this study is 95 respondents from 2042 existing populations. Data analysis techniques consist of research instruments, namely validity tests and reliability tests and hypothesis tests consisting of simple linear analysis tests, t tests, and determination coefficients. The result of this study is that the use of Self Check In Technology affects the effectiveness of flight service users at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport Balikpapan has a partial effect in a negative and significant direction. The magnitude of the correlation / relationship value (R) is 0.461. From this output, a coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.212 was obtained which explained that the effect of the independent variable of self-check-in machine technology facilities on the effectiveness of aviation service users was 21.2.% The remaining 78.8% was influenced by other variables not explained in this study.

The background to this research is that companies consist of a number of individuals who work together to achieve various goals in the fields of business, profession, social, and so on. One important thing is to provide the best service to external parties by carrying out written communication between agencies related to the company. The importance of the employee's role in managing employee activities cannot be ignored. This can be done in large or small scale companies, or even in the company's activities themselves. Communication between employees, involving planning, organizing, determining, distributing and delivering activities, is a very important factor for the success of a company, one of which is in terms of correspondence. The aim of this research is to understand, identify and analyze the effectiveness of employee performance in managing correspondence at the Department of Industry, Trade, Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province. The results can be concluded that the effectiveness of employee performance in the role of employee skills in managing correspondence in the Department of Industry, Trade, Energy and Mineral Resources of North Sumatra Province has indicators in assessing it, including work performance results, discipline, coordination, skills, responsibility, Employee understanding of the tasks/fields to be carried out, Receive complaints from superiors regarding the results of the work carried out.

Fine motor development is a movement that uses fine muscles or parts of certain limbs that are influenced by opportunities to learn and practice. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of folding paper and puzzle games on children's fine motor development. The study's research design was a pre-experimental type one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study were all children aged 4-5 years at PAUD Ceria Panji Lor Village in September 2023, as many as 28 people with the Total Sampling technique—data collection using DDST Denver II measurement. Analytical test used with Wilcoxon Test. The results showed that children's fine motor development before therapy mainly developed as expected, namely 15 children (54%); after treatment, most developed very well, namely 19 children (68%). This study shows an influence between the value before and after being given folding paper and puzzle game therapy on the fine motor development of children aged 4-5 years.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using TikTok application in improving speaking skill for EFL learners. The research design employs pre-experimental research with the sample of 25 students. The technique data collection was done by administering pre-test and post-test. This research used descriptive statistic Paired Sample T-Test to analyze the data. The mean score of pre-test was 46.6 and 71.4 for post-test. Based on the statistical analysis, it showed that the use of TikTok application give a good impact for the students speaking skill because the mean score of post-test was higher than pre-test. In testing hypothesis, it was found that the significance value of the result of TikTok application thought self-introduction was 0.00 lower than 0.05, so the hypothesis was accepted. Additionally, some improvements were seen after the treatment such as “I em” to be “I am”, “lipe” to be “live” and other vocabulary items. In conclusion, TikTok application was significantly effective in improving speaking skill for EFL learners at X grade in SMK Unwanul Falah NWDI Paok Lombok.

The project to strengthen the Pancasila or P5 student profile is one part of the Merdeka curriculum implemented in schools. SMA Negeri 2 Tarakan implements P5 by taking the theme of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying, developing, and bringing a vision to run something in life. Activity P5 aims to determine and analyze the effectiveness of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project in fostering students' entrepreneurial spirit.

Counseling is carried out aimed at providing health information and education to adolescents about dysmenorrhea or pain during menstruation which can cause a teenager to be absent from school or other activities where dysmenorrhea is not a disease, but a symptom that arises due to abnormalities in the pelvic cavity and is very severe. Interfere with women's activities, even often requiring sufferers to rest or leave their work for hours due to dysmenorrhea. The method used is to provide information in the form of health promotion to adolescents by using posters as a medium in counseling, giving pre-test and also post-test in the form of questions to adolescents to measuring the effectiveness of the counseling that is being carried out. The extension went well so that in the evaluation there was a level of knowledge from the participants after being given counseling. Extension activities could increase the knowledge of adolescents about desminorrhea and how to reduce pain during menstruation. 

This research was conducted to see the effectiveness of using the Smart App Creator learning media in learning material elements of folk poetry at SMP Negeri 153 Jakarta. This research is a research that uses a qualitative descriptive method. The research population was all students of class VII with a total of 36 students. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire using a questionnaire research instrument with a total of 10 statements filled out by students through the Google Form. Based on research data and discussion results, it shows that the Smart App Creator learning media is effectively used in learning material elements of folk poetry for class VII at SMP Negeri 153 Jakarta. However, some respondents still considered doubtful and disagreed, therefore the teacher had to develop various forms of variations on Smart App Creator learning media, and needed to test comparisons between the use of Smart App Creator learning media and using other digital learning media so that teachers can use learning media in teaching activities to be more diverse.

Zakat is the fourth pillar of Islam that must be carried out by a Muslim who has been able to achieve the nisab that has been determined and the time of ownership has reached 1 haul. The legal basis regarding zakat is in the Al-Quran surah Al-Baqarah verse 110. The collection of zakat funds is carried out to help people in need, especially mustahik people who receive zakat. Through this research, it is hoped that it will be known how BAZNAS in Padang Lawas district carries out its duties as a zakat management institution and the extent to which BAZNAS has contributed to improving the economy of the Islamic community in the region. The results of this research can be an important input for BAZNAS and other related parties to continue to improve the effectiveness of zakat fund management and community economic empowerment. The results of this study indicate that the management of zakat funds in BAZNAS Padang Lawas district. It has 2 types of distribution of zakat funds, namely consumptive zakat and productive zakat where productive zakat has an economic program where BAZNAS provides business capital to Muslim communities who submit application proposals to the Padang Lawas district BAZNAS office to help improve the community's economy but lack the skills of mustahiq who receive zakat capital in developing their business so that they are given training for those who are really interested in running a business. In this way, it is hoped that it will reduce the failure of mustahik to receive business capital.

The purpose of developing audio-visual media to produce and determine the feasibility of the material God is present in the audio-visual-based universe developed in the subject of Christian Religious Education and Ethics grade III Elementary School. The research is a research and development (research and development) of audio-visual media that aims to produce products and test the effectiveness of products. The research took place in a public elementary school in Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency. The research was conducted from August to September 2023. Research and development was conducted using the ADDIE model proposed by Dick and Carry.

Apple is a fruit that turn brown quickly after being cut. One method to maintain the quality of apples cut is coating the fresh-cut apples with an edible coating. Ediblei coatingi is a thini ilayer that can bei eaten and can keep the iquality ofi the icoated material. Thei study aimed toi determinei the effectiveness of edible coating aloe vera (Aloe vera chinensis L.) in inhibit enzymatic browning reaction. The designii wasi usiing icompletely irandomized idesign. The first factor was the citrus species (Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus hystrix DC, Citrus amblycarpa) iand the secondi factori was thei istorage itime (0, 3, 6 day). Edible coating applied to fresh-cut apples and tested for moisture content, total dissolved solids, weight loss, color, overall appearance, vitamin C and total plate count. Thei resultsi ishowed that aloe vera edible coating with citrus extract was not effective in inhibiting the enzymatic reaction of sliced apples. The type of citrus and storage time was affect the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating. Citrus amblycarpa extract has a lower water content reduction effect with a water content of 54.51% on the 6th day of storage time and has an effect on the total plate count, that Citrus amblycarpa extract has decreased total plate count in day 6th. Citrus aurantifolia extract gives the effect of maintaining brightness compared to other types of citrus, with a brightness value of 58,290 on the 6th day. The type of citrus has no effect on weight loss, total dissolved solids, overall appearance. The length of storage has an effect on the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating, the longer it is stored, the apples cut will decrease in quality.