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The development of information and communication technology is increasing rapidly from year to year, especially in the field of telecommunications. Communication technology via fiber optic is one of the technologies that is widely used as a data sender, between senders and receivers in one network, users can communicate with each other at very high speeds. This is in line with the community's need for fast communication services. FTTH (Fiber To The Home) is a telecommunications service infrastructure that supports transmission on large bandwidths and can solve bandwidth access problems so that PT. Telkom designs fiber to the home network access using GPON technology by determining its usage.    

Problems in learning writing did not seem to find a bright spot in education. Teachers tried to find solutions by evaluating learning materials and learning media. Recently, the solution of the writing problem had become a major concern. Thus, this research aimed to design technology-based learning materials referred to interactive videos with target learner seventh graders. This methodology used design development research (DDR). Data were sourced from junior high schools in Jabodetabek. The main data for designing were the results of the analysis learning materials, learning objectives, and interview result with teacher. The design of interactive video paid attention to the main aspects including the characteristics of interactive video, learning objectives, and students' needs. In addition, time efficiency was also important to maintain students' motivation in learning. Through interactive video, students' engagement in interacting with the learning content was the key to successful learning. Therefore, the result of this design showed this media has high potential to be implemented in writing class.

This research focuses on implementation, benefits, and to find out the problems faced in the treatment of inmates with deviant sexual behavior. This study raises the issue of how legal protection is given to victims of inmates with deviant sexual behavior in Class IIA Gorontalo Correctional Institutions and what are the obstacles faced by correctional officers in providing legal protection to victims of inmates with deviant sexual behavior. This study used interview and observation research methods, which described the treatment of inmates with deviant sexual behavior, then analyzed and concluded using a qualitative approach. Based on the analysis, it was found that the treatment of inmates with deviant sexual behavior was considered very necessary. Inmates with deviant sexual behavior have characteristics that are unique and different from other inmates in general. In general, inmates with deviant sexual behavior scattered in prisons throughout Indonesia are men who look like women or who like the same sex. Inmates with deviant sexual behavior are very vulnerable to bad treatment by other inmates, and can also have a negative influence on other inmates. Special treatment for inmates with deviant sexual behavior is deemed necessary, starting from placement in individual blocks to special coaching. There are obstacles encountered in its implementation, including the procurement of individual blocks of inmates with deviant sexual behavior and the understanding of Correctional Officers about the problems and deviations that will be caused by the presence of inmates with deviant sexual behavior in correctional institutions.

The research was conducted since there were many problems in reading ability which were correlated with students critical thinking. Some students who had critical thinking but their reading ability was low. It can be proved by the teacher given as test reading some students with critical thinking are able to understand a reading text well, but some students who do not think critically do not understand the reading text. Some students had good reading ability but critical thinking was low. It can be proved when students are given a reading test, there are some students who are able to read the reading text well, but their critical thinking is low so they can not do the exercises well. The design of this research was correlational research. The researcher was use the quantitative approach. The population of this research was all at the tenth grade of PPTQ Muallimin Pakan Sinayan which consist of 113. The sample was 23 students taken by class X IPA Pi. The research was carried out in May 2022. The instruments of this research were questionnaire and test for measuring students critical thinking and students reading ability at the tenth grade. To find out that the students critical thinking and students reading ability correlate or not, the researcher used the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. There were two finding of this research. The first finding was a positive and significant correlation between students critical thinking and students reading ability at the tenth grade in PPTQ Muallimin Pakan Sinayan. It means that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. Second finding was a enough direction correlation between students’ critical thinking and students’ reading ability at the tenth grade of PPTQ Muallimin Pakan Sinayan. The researcher found that the coefficient of correlation between students critical thinking and students reading ability at the tenth grade of PPTQ Muallimin Pakan Sinayan was 0.603. In conclusion, this research was done for finding the correlation between students critical thinking and students reading ability at the tenth grade in PPTQ Muallimin Pakan Sinayan.

This research is motivated by the existence of an initial phenomenon in Jorong Setia Kec. Two Koto Kab. In Pasaman, there are still teenagers who drop out of school at school age. Temporary assumptions are caused by internal and external factors that prevent children from acquiring knowledge. Based on the problems stated above, the purpose of this research is to find out the factors that cause adolescents dropping out of school in Jorong Setia Kec. Two Koto Kab. Passover. So the authors are interested in doing this research. Research on the Causes of Teenagers Dropping Out of School in Jorong Setia, Dua Koto District, Pasaman Regency, the type of research that the author uses is field research, namely collecting data directly from research locations to support the success of a case using relevant methods. The method used by the authors in this study is a qualitative descriptive method by describing the factors of youth dropping out of school in the view of Islamic education, as key informants are adolescents who have dropped out of school in Jorong Setia, Dua Koto District. Data collection techniques that the authors use are interviews and documentation. The results of research in Jorong Setia Kec. Two Koto Kab. Pasaman is the cause of teenagers dropping out of school from internal factors and external factors, first: from internal factors, namely children just want to play compared to school. Second: school is considered unattractive because of the tasks and rules at school that they cannot follow. Third: the inability to follow lessons because the child feels that the lessons given by the teacher at school are very difficult for him and the child also does not like the way the teacher explains the lesson. Fourth: from external factors, namely the low economic status of parents so that they cannot afford to send their children to school. Fifth: lack of parental attention, namely parents are too busy with work and pay less attention to and control their children. Keenan: the playing environment, namely most children are not good at adjusting to their friends, causing children to be affected by negative things.

The purpose of this writing is to identify, study and analyze procedural diversion for children in conflict with the law in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. In this paper the author uses the normative juridical method. In the conclusion of the discussion, children who are in conflict with the law are considered as legal subjects who are not competent and do not understand what they are doing. Investigation of child cases is carried out by investigators appointed by Decree of the Head of the Indonesian National Police or other officials appointed by the Head of the Indonesian National Police. If the Diversion succeeds in reaching an agreement, the Investigator will submit the Minutes of Diversion along with the Diversion Agreement to the head of the district court for stipulation. Meanwhile, if the Diversion process fails, the Investigator must continue the investigation and transfer the case to the Public Prosecutor by attaching the Minutes of Diversion and minutes of community research. Arrested children must be entrusted to the LPKS. The cost for each child placed in the LPKS is borne by the budget of the ministry that administers government affairs in the social sector. The role of diversion as an effort to protect the rights of children's rights is expected to solve the problems of children who are in conflict with the law. When a child is faced with a formal criminal justice process, it is certain that the child will lose his freedom. By diverting, the freedom of children is still guaranteed, and the deprivation of independence for them can be avoided. Diversion is a very meaningful effort to provide protection for children who are in conflict with the law so that they can fulfill the basic rights of children.

One of the most common health problems among toddlers in Indonesia is malnutrition. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, nationally the prevalence of malnutrition is 13.8%. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers in Indonesia. The research method used is through searching articles on Google Scholar during the period of 2018-2021 using the keywords toddlers malnutrition, underweight in toddlers, factors of under nutrition in toddlers, and determinants of toddlers malnutrition. As the results, the study found 5 journal articles mentioned the risk factors of malnutrition in toddlers, which are direct factors and indirect factors. The direct factors of malnutrition in toddlers are : infectious diseases and poor parenting patterns, while the indirect factors are : not being provided exclusive breastfeeding, low quality of mother's knowledge regarding feeding toddlers, low economic status and family food security, the short gap of giving birth, and inadequate personal hygiene as well as environmental sanitation.

One of the most common health problems among toddlers in Indonesia is malnutrition. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, nationally the prevalence of malnutrition is 13.8%. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers in Indonesia. The research method used is through searching articles on Google Scholar during the period of 2018-2021 using the keywords toddlers malnutrition, underweight in toddlers, factors of under nutrition in toddlers, and determinants of toddlers malnutrition. As the results, the study found 5 journal articles mentioned the risk factors of malnutrition in toddlers, which are direct factors and indirect factors. The direct factors of malnutrition in toddlers are : infectious diseases and poor parenting patterns, while the indirect factors are : not being provided exclusive breastfeeding, low quality of mother's knowledge regarding feeding toddlers, low economic status and family food security, the short gap of giving birth, and inadequate personal hygiene as well as environmental sanitation.

. In the practice of democratic state administration, the presidential election and regional head elections are certainly one of the country's focuses in the future to find leaders who will take care of this nation, of course it is hoped that the elected leaders are leaders who really carry out this great mandate as well as possible. Based on the choice of the community, this leader will be elected through the democratic system of elections, but there are still many problems that often occur in its implementation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the law of democracy in the implementation of presidential and regional elections in a presidential system country. This research method is normative juridical research with the basis of research using a statutory approach. The results of this study are that the Presidential System, especially in Indonesia, is still often weakened by the provisions of public office and the constitution on the powers of the head of state and the law, supervision in the general election system must certainly be carried out as cleanly as possible in order to create leaders who really have high integrity.

This research is entitled The Role of Administration in Archives Management in Gebang Private Vocational High School (SMK). The formulation of the problem in this study include: how is the role of administration in the management of school archives in Gebang Private Vocational School, Gebang District and how are the obstacles faced in managing school archives at Gebang Private Vocational School in Gebang District and the solutions. The expected benefits of this research include: adding insight and knowledge, especially in the field of education and knowing how the role of the administrative section in managing school archives at the Gebang Private Vocational School, Gebang District with the actual conditions in the field. This research uses the Field Research research method (field research) using a descriptive qualitative research approach. The research results obtained in this study include: The role of administration in the management of school archives is very good. The role of school administration includes, firstly, the head of administration as the person in charge of administrative operations in charge of coordinating all administrative activities, serving, assisting, and fulfilling or providing matters relating to educational information in schools. Second, is as a school education staff. The head of administration is very competent in his field and is responsible for his duties. The head of administration is already professional in carrying out his duties in the administrative section so that it is much more effective. In terms of staff development, school principals and administrative heads of Gebang Private Vocational Schools have done various things, namely involving staff in activities, such as training, upgrading, seminars and workshops. The most important administrative role is as an educational staff and as a provider of information regarding the management of records in schools, as well as being able to work together with all staff in preparing plans for managing school records. The problems that exist in the administrative section in managing school archives at Gebang Private Vocational Schools, first, lack of facilities and infrastructure for archive storage because the number of archives is increasing continuously. Second, schools use a lot of non-permanent education personnel. As has been explained, the head of school administration is the one who helps carry out the main work to achieve school goals. The solution needed from problems in managing school archives is first, by carrying out maintenance and prevention of damage to archive storage devices. secondly, the required facilities must have met the requirements, such as a large room, complete archive storage equipment and sufficient for storage of archives that are increasing in volume from time to time. third, the staff who manages the archives have met the requirements so that they are responsible for carrying out their work in accordance with their respective duties.

Lamaholot Larantuka Private Vocational School is an educational unit located in Lewoloba Village, Ile Mandiri District, East Flores Regency. As an Educational Institution, every activity carried out at the Lamaholot Private Vocational School is directed to achieve the school's vision and mission. To achieve the vision and mission, Lamaholot Larantuka Private Vocational School must pay attention to the elements of education management, namely curriculum management, student management, facilities and infrastructure management, public relations management, personnel management, and financial management. From the results of the initial research on the management elements above, it was found that phenomena/problems related to financial management had not been managed effectively. This was reinforced in the 2020 and 2021 School Activity and Budget Plans (RKAS), where it was found that several activity plans could not work because there was no reconciliation between targets and budget realization. The research objective to be achieved is that the researcher wants to know and explain the financial management of the Lamaholot Private Vocational School Larantuka based on the principle of the effectiveness of school financial management. In this study, the data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and document studies. While the data analysis technique used to find out and explain the problems at the research location is descriptive qualitative with a school financial management approach which includes (a) school financial management planning at SMKs; (b) implementation of school financial management at SMK; (c) evaluation and accountability of school financial management; and (d) analysis of the effectiveness of school financial management in SMK. From the results of the study it was found that the effectiveness of school financial management at the Lamaholot Larantuka Private Vocational School in 2020 was in the range of 99.52%. It means effective. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of school financial management at the Lamaholot Larantuka Private Vocational School in 2021 is in the range of 99.29% and is said to be effective. Based on the results of this study, the researchers concluded that the effectiveness level of financial management at the Lamaholot Larantuka Private Vocational School for the 2020 and 2021 fiscal years has reached the effective category because it is in the 90% - 100% category.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 encourages everyone to do routines quickly, easily, and efficiently, activity carried out online that only uses gadgets and networks that may be done anywhere. One example of the application of the industrial revolution 4.0 is the emergence of e-commerce which is also accompanied by the emergence of a term called Marketplace. Marketplace is a market where sellers and buyers meet which there are many products and various kinds of stores, only done online and online. Only with gadgets, ordered goods have been received and delivered by shipping services (expeditions). But with this, it does not rule out the possibility that unpleasant things do not happen such as damage or even loss of ordered goods. With this, this study aims to determine the form of legal protection and legal remedies provided to overcome these problems. This research uses normative research methods through principles, legal rules, etc    

This research was conducted on fruit traders at Ms. Puan’s Morning Market, Pekanbaru citywith the aim of knowing how the social capital of fruit traders at Ms. Puan’s Morning Market, Pekanbaru city.This research was conducted on fruit traders at the Ms. Puan morning market in Pekanbaru City with the aim of knowing how the social capital of fruit traders is.this study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. Research subjects in this study amounted to 5 (five) informants. The technique of determining informants, namely by using purposive sampling technique is to take subjects by specifying special characteristics with the aim of research that is expected to be able to answer research problems. In collecting data researchers used observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. The theory is the theory of social capital put forward by Jhon Field which consists of social networks, beliefs, and norms. The results of this study are that social capital is very important in running a business and the smooth running of fruit business at Ms. Puan morning market pekanbaru city, such as a network that can help or facilitate the smooth running of their business. Trust that makkes it easier for them to sell fruit, with social capital such as a network of trust and norms, fruit sellers can maintain fruit and make their business easier because managing a business is carried out jointly and sense of trust is established. Social norms that are intertwined becomen a benchmark and make them more focused

Sleep quality is a state lived by an individual to produce freshness and fitness after waking up. If a person's sleep quality is poor it will cause a decrease in the body's immune system and Hb levels which causes the individual to feel easily tired, sleepy and susceptible to disease. Adolescents are identified as a population at high risk of experiencing sleep problems which disrupt sleep quality. Accumulated work and lifestyle are one of the factors causing poor sleep patterns in adolescents which makes it easier for them to experience sleep disturbances. Adolescents with high risk certainly need adequate knowledge regarding the importance of maintaining quality sleep related to the body's immune system and Hb levels. Increased knowledge and examination can be carried out by laboratory personnel with health counseling and laboratory tests. The purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge of adolescents to maintain good quality sleep so that Hb levels and body immunity are maintained. This community service implementation method consists of three stages, namely the preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. At the implementation stage, an examination of Hb levels and counting the number of types of leukocytes was carried out as well as education related to the effect of sleep quality on Hb levels and the body's immune system. As a result of community service, adolescents have obtained health status through laboratory tests and good knowledge about the effect of sleep quality on Hb levels and body immunity.

The community service carried out in Pelutan village aims to train participants to have the knowledge and information to do troubleshooting or detect motorbike damage. To achieve this goal, training was carried out using the counseling method by delivering material on troubleshooting and how to handle motorcycle damage. The activity was attended by 18 participants. Methods of implementing activities include: preparation, implementation, and reflection. Preparation is carried out by analyzing the problems and needs of the training participants. The implementation of the activity is carried out using the lecture method (question and answer) followed by a reflection stage. The end result of the community service activity is that participants can troubleshoot motorcycle damage and know how to handle it. The results of the analysis of the activity reflection questionnaire are as follows: 1) Understanding of troubleshooting material scores 92 %; 2) The benefits of the activity material presented with a score of 90%; 3) The level of pleasure or satisfaction of participants in the activity gets a score of 80%. Based on the reflection data of community service activities, it was concluded that the implementation of community service received a good response, hoping for further follow-up.

This research is based on the problems found based on the results of interviews with mathematics teachers and students at SMPN 1 Lareh Sago Halaban that the media used in the learning process only uses the blackboard with lecture and discussion methods, there is no technology-based learning media, especially educational games that are used by teachers to students related to mathematics lessons caused a lack of interest and activeness of students in mathematics subjects. Based on this, the solution given is to design a learning media. The purpose of this research is to produce learning media products in the form of educational games with the help of software Building 2 mathematics subjects at SMPN 1 Lareh Sago Halaban. The design of mathematics education games uses the construct 2 design application at SMPN 1 Lareh Sago Halaban with the Research and Development (R&D) research method using the MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle) development model from Luther Sutopo the development model is explained in 6 stages, namely Concept, Design, Materials Collection, Assembly, Testing and Distribution. The product test used in the research is the validity test, practicality test, and effectiveness test. The product test results show that the educational games designed are valid, practical and effective. For the results of the validity test of three validators, the score was 0.88, the practical test by 3 practi- tators was 0.97, and the effectiveness test of twenty people was 0.92.

This study aims to identify the problems faced and develop strategies for developing UMKM as a form of optimization in improving the economy in Tamansuruh Village Banyuwangi. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used interactive analysis consisting of reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that in general the problems faced by MSME actors in Tamansuruh Village include capital, marketing, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, the introduction of information technology, so that UMKM in Tamansuruh Village have not been able to run optimally. the strategies obtained are minimizing financing, considering the risks of the decisions made and conducting professional recruitment.

Cryptography is a solution or method of information security that is good for maintaining the confidentiality and security of information, and can improve information or information security in an era of very rapid development of information technology. The rapid development of this technology, many new implications and problems arise in the delivery and communication of information, this is because everyone has easy access to the media and this affects the security of information and messages on the media. Therefore, to protect messages, we can use Caesar encryption, which is relatively easy to implement in PHP. How to apply message security in this study by designing web-based applications using the PHP and HTML programming languages. Message protection uses the Caesar encryption algorithm by changing every character of the original message into ciphertext. Characters in plain text are replaced with keys that are determined based on the number of alphabetical orders of plain text. In this way, unauthorized parties cannot read these private messages and users can interact with private messages more freely.

Background: Waste that continues to accumulate every year is an unresolved environmental problem at the regional to global level. This problem can actually be overcome by applying good waste management according to its type (organic and inorganic). However, waste management is still rarely practiced in the community, for example for residents of Tegal Sari Village RT 1 and 3, Satui District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. The waste segregation, disposal, and processing system in the village is not optimal. Objective: Therefore, the Desa Relasi program aimed to increase the knowledge and awareness of residents in managing organic and inorganic waste through Takakura composting and inorganic crafts. Methods: The program was formed based on the results of problem priorities obtained during PBL through identification and analysis of health problems in the village by collecting secondary and primary data (with interviews and questionnaires). Results: Activities in the program are in the form of counseling, cadre debriefing, demonstration, and practice. The evaluation instruments used were pre-post test questionnaires (I and II), observation, and evaluation through chat. Based on the results of the knowledge test during counseling, 72.73% of residents experienced an increase in knowledge, 22.73% were stagnant, and 4.55% experienced a decrease (pre-post test I). While in post-test I - II, 77.72% experienced an increase, 18.18% did not experience an increase or decrease, and 4.55% experienced a decrease. Conclusion: There was an increase in knowledge in most participants regarding organic and inorganic waste management. Therefore, it is hoped that Tegal Sari Village residents will be able to apply good waste management so that it can produce use, sale and aesthetic value and advance the village.

Efforts to Increase Child Entrepreneurship in PAUD/TK institutions. Everyone needs to have an entrepreneurial spirit, including children at an early age. Entrepreneurship education is not just about educating prospective entrepreneurs or teaching children how to make money from an early age, but also about growing and developing the character that already exists in children. The purpose of this study was to: find out whether there are changes in children's habits and attitudes after doing fun activities in farming and increasing entrepreneurial spirit from an early age. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by collecting and analyzing journals related to the word key. Based on the literature study conducted, it was found that the importance of planting and increasing understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship from an early age starting from early childhood education, this implementation needs examples in the form of activities carried out by playing to provide a good understanding of students. Another problem, students are less motivated to look for reference materials related to the material provided. Based on the analysis of learning tools, the entrepreneurship material being taught is still not sustainable so that the expected competencies are not clear. In addition, learning activities are still centered on the teacher. The results of the analysis of reference books to see the contents of the material, especially the main economic activity material. Instilling an entrepreneurial spirit from an early age makes children have a strong business spirit, sense of responsibility and independence. Efforts to Increase Child Entrepreneurship in PAUD/TK institutions. Everyone needs to have an entrepreneurial spirit, including children at an early age. Entrepreneurship education is not just about educating prospective entrepreneurs or teaching children how to make money from an early age, but also about growing and developing the character that already exists in children. The purpose of this study was to: find out whether there are changes in children's habits and attitudes after doing fun activities in farming and increasing entrepreneurial spirit from an early age. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by collecting and analyzing journals related to the word key. Based on the literature study conducted, it was found that the importance of planting and increasing understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship from an early age starting from early childhood education, this implementation needs examples in the form of activities carried out by playing to provide a good understanding of students. Another problem, students are less motivated to look for reference materials related to the material provided. Based on the analysis of learning tools, the entrepreneurship material being taught is still not sustainable so that the expected competencies are not clear. In addition, learning activities are still centered on the teacher. The results of the analysis of reference books to see the contents of the material, especially the main economic activity material. Instilling an entrepreneurial spirit from an early age makes children have a strong business spirit, sense of responsibility and independence.