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The declaration by President Muhammadu Buhari that he is willing to reduce the rising expenses of managing public affairs is a major surprise. Newspapers everywhere have stated that he will face the confront the problem head-on by reforming numerous government agencies, merging others, and dismantling others. We are still figuring out the specifics. The only information that has been made public thus far is that the plan's first casualties will be the Universal Tertiary Matriculation Examination, the National Examinations Council, and the National Poverty Eradication Programme. It is evident from the announced strategy that the president and his officials either do not understand the seriousness of the issue or are once again manipulating a terrible sickness that is plaguing the nation. In what way would eliminating NECO and instructing WAEC to take on the personnel reduce costs? Or how would renaming NAPP contribute to improving governance value? How does he make sure that each and every Kobo that goes into counted national treasuries? What steps is he taking to guarantee that public policy is geared toward reducing people's suffering? The cost of governance during Jonathan's administration is examined in this study. It examines the cost of government from a thematic perspective, emphasizing its main points with specific examples. According to the paper's conclusion, the so-called clause of "senior ministers and junior or ministers of state" has led to the current unhealthy rivalry and widespread bitterness, but it has also resulted in needless waste of public funds in the payment of entitlements due to over-bloated administrative costs.  

Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition of decreased or non-functioning thyroid gland that is present since newborns. This occurs due to anatomical abnormalities or metabolic disorders of thyroid hormone formation or iodine deficiency. Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening (CHS) is an important health program that aims to detect thyroid disorders early in newborns. Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening is a screening/screening test to sort out babies suffering from Congenital Hypothyroidism from babies who do not suffer. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on pregnant women's knowledge about congenital hypothyroidism screening (CHS). This study used a Pre-Experimental Design with a One Group Pre-test and Post-test Design. The sample consisted of 56 pregnant women with sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test. The results of the study obtained that most of the respondents' knowledge before being given the intervention was in the sufficient category (42.9%). While most of the knowledge after being given the intervention was in the good category (78.6%). The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.00 < 0.05, indicating an effect of health education on knowledge about congenital hypothyroidism (CHS) screening among pregnant women at the Pulisan Community Health Center. This study is expected to provide input to pregnant women, who should be more critical, especially regarding indicators of understanding, examination timing, and the impact of not undergoing CHS. They can frequently read the KIA book and leaflets provided during counseling sessions to gain better and more quality knowledge.

This study investigates the strategic use of language in social media political campaigns, with particular emphasis on its impact on audience engagement and public discourse transformation. Through a comprehensive theoretical framework incorporating the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, Elaboration Likelihood Model, Critical Discourse Analysis, and Framing Theory, the research examines complex linguistic patterns, sentiment variations, and framing strategies across 10,000 campaign posts from major social media platforms. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining computational linguistics analysis with qualitative discourse examination. Using natural language processing tools and manual coding, researchers analyzed linguistic features including lexical choice, syntactic structures, metaphorical expressions, and rhetorical devices. Results reveal sophisticated patterns of deliberate linguistic manipulation designed to evoke specific emotional responses (72% of posts), reinforce political ideologies (65%), and adapt to temporal and platform-specific contexts (83%). The findings demonstrate that campaign language strategically evolves across different platforms, with Twitter showing more aggressive rhetoric (58%) compared to Facebook (31%) and Instagram (27%). Additionally, temporal analysis reveals significant shifts in linguistic strategies during critical campaign periods, with increased emotional language use during key political events (92% correlation). This research contributes to our understanding of digital political communication and offers practical insights for analyzing social media campaign strategies.

Typhoid fever is one of the main causes of death and morbidity in densely populated areas and unhygienic environments. The most common causative agent of typhoid fever in children is Salmonella typhii. Typhoid fever is enteric fever with main clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain and fever. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue viruses types I-IV with clinical manifestations of fever lasting 2-7 days accompanied by bleeding symptoms and if a shock occurs, the death rate is quite high. This case report is an 8 years old girl with complaints of fever accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and headache. On physical examination, it was found that the patient's general condition appeared to be moderately ill, composmentis consciousness, pulse 86 times/minute, respiratory rate 22 times/minute, temperature 36.5 °c, and the patient's SpO2 was found to be 98%. From the supporting examination, it was found that the tubex value increased by +4. The Dengue results showed Dengue IgG (+) and IgM (-).

One of the most important organs in the body and has an important role in maintaining body health is the kidneys. Caffeine as one of the factors causing chronic kidney failure is found in coffee drinks. Coffee contains caffeine compounds which can have a negative impact on the kidneys because they can cause caffeine to accumulate in the kidney glomeruli, which causes creatinine levels to increase and kidney function to decrease. The aim of this research was to determine the results of checking creatinine levels in coffee drinkers in Cikuya Village, Banjarharjo District, Brebes Regency, Central Java. This research is descriptive in nature. The sample in this study was 40 coffee drinkers in Cikuya Village, Banjarharjo District, Brebes Regency, Central Java. Based on the research results, results were obtained from the 40 samples studied, namely: with high creatinine levels in 7 samples (17.5%), normal creatinine levels in 29 samples (72.5%), and low creatinine levels in 4 samples (10%). These results show that the average creatinine level in male coffee drinkers in Cikuya Village, Banjarharjo District, Brebes Regency, Central Java, has normal creatinine levels in accordance with the normal value for creatinine examination, namely 0.7 mg/dl – 1.3 mg/dl.

Breast cancer is a contributor to a fairly high mortality rate in women, with a mortality rate of 18% of female deaths. Breast cancer in Indonesia is more likely to be detected at an advanced stage because public awareness of risk detection and early detection of breast cancer symptoms is still low. This Community Service aims to improve community knowledge and skills in preventing and early detection of breast cancer through counseling on breast cancer and breast self-examination training (SADARI). This Community Orientation was held on June 6, 2024 at the STIKes Bina Bangsa Majene Hall with lectures, discussions, questions and answers, and demonstrations. The participants in this community service are 33 people. The result of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of participants related to how to detect breast cancer early with SADARI and SADARNIS.

According to the 2023 Indonesian Health Profile, health services for pregnant women (K1-K6) in 2023 in Indonesia will be 74.4% with the 2023 Minimum Service Standard (SPM) target of 100%, still far from the standard. Factors influencing ANC visits for pregnant women are age and parity. The aim of this research is to find out the mother's age and parity with the completeness of the ANC examination. This type of research is quantitative using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 60 pregnant women in the third trimester in Kualu Village. The sample consisted of 60 pregnant women in the third trimester with a gestational age of 37-39 weeks using total sampling. The data collection tool uses a questionnaire. This research uses univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. The univariate research results show that 34 respondents (56.7%) are in the no-risk category and maternal parity is not at risk < 3 times. Bivariate results. There is a significant relationship between maternal age and completeness of ANC examinations and there is a relationship between maternal parity and completeness of ANC examinations. It is hoped that midwives and cadres will provide education and programs to attract pregnant women to come for ANC examinations. 

The risk of falls in the community in Kapuk Cengkareng Village, especially the elderly, is a health problem that can have a serious impact on quality of life. Balance examination and education are important preventive measures in reducing the risk of falls. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of balance examinations using the Single Leg Stance (SLS) and Time Up and Go (TUG) methods and provide appropriate education to improve postural stability. The method used in this study involved balance tests with SLS and TUG in community groups with various age ranges. The data obtained were analyzed to see the relationship between balance test results and fall risk factors. In addition, balance education interventions were carried out including physical exercise and fall prevention strategies. There were 30 Respondents Involved in This Activity after the Task was completed The success measurement method was used to evaluate the pre- and Post-Test methods and N-Gain with a value of 0.9 indicating that the strength or category in this study was at a High Level. The calculation results showed a 70% increase from the Pre-test and Post-test results. This shows that respondents experienced positive changes after participating in the activity and that the Technique used could significantly improve the Results. The results showed that individuals with low scores on the SLS and longer travel times on the TUG had a higher risk of falling. The balance education provided was shown to improve balance ability and public awareness of fall risk factors. Thus, balance examination using the SLS and TUG methods and balance education can be an effective strategy in preventing the risk of falling in the community.

This study expects to decide the impact of capital construction on the monetary execution of PT Gowa Makassar The travel industry Improvement Tbk in Makassar City in 2019-2023. The examination utilizes an illustrative methodology. The number of inhabitants in this study is the yearly monetary report of PT Gowa Makassar The travel industry Improvement Tbk. The example of this study utilizes the monetary position explanation and benefit and misfortune articulation of PT Gowa Makassar The travel industry Advancement Tbk for the period 2019-2023. This study involves auxiliary information as fiscal reports for the 2019-2023 period obtained from www.idx.co.id. The information assortment strategy utilized in this study is documentation. The information examination method in this study utilizes numerous direct relapse investigation involving the Measurable Bundle for the Sociologies (SPSS) variant 25 program. The examination results show that the impact of capital design (DER, DAR, and LDER) somewhat and at the same time affects corporate monetary execution (ROE) at the organization PT Gowa Makassar The travel industry Advancement Tbk for the 2019-2023 period.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Early identification of NCDs in the productive age group is very important considering the contribution of the productive age group to the national workforce and its impact on the health of future generations. This community service activity aims to increase awareness and participation in school-based non-communicable disease screening programs, especially at St. Yoseph High School, East Jakarta. The implementation of screening activities includes anthropometric examinations, blood pressure, blood sugar, and short interviews. Students with unhealthy lifestyles, such as lack of physical activity and unbalanced diets, are at high risk of developing non-communicable diseases. This activity encourages public awareness of the importance of maintaining health to prevent non-communicable diseases. This can reduce the global health burden and the economic burden for advanced disease care. Thus, this activity can improve the quality of life of the productive age population in the future.

This paper discusses in depth the regulation and implementation of Law Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government in Indonesia, as well as its impact on regional autonomy and the relationship between central and regional governments. This law serves as an essential foundation for more effective and efficient regional government management, but it also presents various challenges in its implementation. The issues raised in this research include challenges in applying the principles of decentralization and deconcentration, as well as the authority granted to regional governments in managing natural resources, public services, and other aspects related to regional autonomy. The aim of this research is to explore and analyze the legal aspects that influence the effectiveness of regional policies, using a normative legal approach and descriptive analysis. This research method involves an in-depth literature study, including an examination of existing regulations and analysis of relevant literature. The research findings indicate that although the Regional Government Law provides rights and authorities for regions to manage their own governmental affairs, there are several obstacles in its implementation. These obstacles include regulatory ambiguities, a lack of harmonization between implementing regulations, and issues in monitoring and evaluating the performance of regional governments. Furthermore, the relationship between central and regional governments often does not function optimally, resulting in uncertainties in carrying out the duties and responsibilities of each party. The conclusions drawn from this research emphasize the need for evaluation and adjustment of existing regulations, as well as the importance of better collaboration between central and regional governments. This is necessary to ensure that the goals of equitable and fair development can be achieved. The research also recommends the need for clearer and more integrated implementing regulations, as well as enhancing human resource capacity at the regional level to support effective policy implementation.

Examination of a criminal case in a judicial process essentially aims to find the material truth, namely the complete truth of a criminal case by applying the provisions of criminal procedural law honestly and in a timely manner with the aim of finding out who the perpetrator is who can be charged with committing something. violation of law. Making a post mortem et repertum gives the full duty to the doctor as an implementer in the field to assist the prosecutor in determining the direction of the charges that will be brought against the defendant, as well as assisting the judge in finding the material truth in deciding the criminal case. This research includes normative legal research, so the legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The technique for collecting legal materials that will be used as a source in this research is library research, namely collecting legal materials by reading statutory regulations, official documents, journals, articles from the internet, and other literature that is closely related to The issues discussed are based on secondary legal materials. The presence of the Pretrial Institution provides a warning that law enforcers must be careful in carrying out their legal actions and every legal action must be based on applicable legal provisions, meaning that they must be able to exercise restraint and distance themselves from arbitrary actions. Thus, it is clear that organizing pretrial proceedings is not an easy task considering that the activities of one law enforcement agency to assess and test the work patterns of other law enforcement agencies is definitely work that must be carried out carefully and mastering all law enforcement mechanisms. The judiciary in Indonesia, one of whose tasks is to examine laws against the constitution, is what we often call judicial review. This judicial review is carried out to protect the rights of citizens who feel disadvantaged by the enactment of a law. In this case, what concerns the author is the judicial review of article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, which in this article is felt to be detrimental to someone who is designated as a suspect by investigators, because the article does not regulate the determination of suspects as pre-trial objects.

The examination of a criminal case in a judicial process essentially aims to seek material truth, namely the complete truth of a criminal case by applying the provisions of criminal procedure law in an honest and timely manner with the aim of finding out who is the criminal who can be charged with committing an offense. The making of visum et repertum gives full duty to the doctor as the executor in the field to assist the prosecutor in determining the direction of the indictment that will be charged against the defendant, as well as assisting the judge in finding material truth in deciding a criminal case. The approach used in the research is a normative juridical approach. The juridical-normative approach The data source of a research is primary data and secondary data. Because this research is normative legal research, the sources studied are secondary data sources. Qualitative analysis is carried out by describing quality data in the form of sentences that are regular, sequential, logical, not overlapping, and effective. The role of Visum et Repertum in assisting the examination process of a case is not only useful for investigators to uncover the criminal offense, but also useful for examination in the trial of the case. Visum et Repertum as stated in Article 184 paragraph (1) KUHAP point c is a valid evidence. This makes the Visum et Repertum legally binding in assisting the resolution of a case. Visum et Repertum in the investigation process of a criminal act of rape aims to support investigators in tracking and collecting evidence in addition to other evidence such as victim testimony, suspect testimony, witness testimony and examination of other evidence. It is necessary for investigators to have additional knowledge about medical terms in a Visum et Repertum. This knowledge is useful so that investigators do not misinterpret the results of the Visum et Repertum obtained so that it can influence and determine the actions taken by investigators in solving a case.  

Dengue fever is a disease that originates from the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albocpictus mosquitoes which contain the Dengue virus. Dengue virus infection is both asymptomatic and symptomatic which includes common fever, dengue fever, and dengue hemorrhagic fever including Dengue Shock syndrome (DSS). Diagnosis of dengue virus infection, with clinical symptoms, needs to be supported by blood test results in the laboratory, including platelet count and IgG IgM Dengue examination. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between Immunoglobulin antigen results and platelet levels in DHF patients at the Mutiara Hati Inpatient Clinic in Bandar Mataram, Central Lampung. This type of quantitative research uses a retrospective approach. The materials and data from this research were collected from the medical records at the Multiara Hati Inpatient Primary Clinic in Bandar Mataram, Central Lampung from December 2023 to September 2024. The population in this study were patients diagnosed with DHF at the Mutiara Hati Inpatient Primary Clinic with a sample of 100 samples used. With data analysis using the C Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the results of Iminoglobullin antigen and platelet levels in DHF patients with Chi Sqularel P-Valulel analysis: 0,001 < 0,05.  It is expected that immunoglobulin antigen examination can be used as a reference to monitor the progress of Dengue Fever (DHF) patients and to detect the risk of decreased platelet levels earlier.

Antenatal Care (ANC) examination is a series of activities carried out from conception until before the labor process begins, which is aimed at all pregnant women. Coverage of antenatal care visits is still low, which can increase maternal and neonatal complications as well as maternal and child deaths caused by high-risk pregnancies that are not immediately treated. In 2023, the highest birth assistance process by traditional midwives was in Gayo Lues Regency at 4.42 percent and Southeast Aceh Regency at 4.32 percent. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and the frequency of antenatal care visits at BPM Syukriah, Langsa City, Aceh Province in 2024. This study used a Cross Sectional design, the research time was May-June 2024, with a population and sample of 34 people. The sampling technique used total sampling, the analysis test used the Chi Square Test. The majority of respondents who had poor knowledge and had an incomplete history of antenatal care visits were 16 people (47.1%), while the majority of respondents who had good knowledge and had a complete history of antenatal care visits were 9 people (26.5%). There is a significant relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women with antenatal care visits at BPM Syukhriah, Langsa City, Aceh Province with a p value <0.05 (0.001).

A 20-year-old female patient came with a complaint of cough that had been experienced for ± 1 week, the cough was complained of as difficulty in expelling phlegm. The cough worsened at night and early morning so that it disrupted the patient's sleep quality. The cough would subside when the conditions started to warm up, and when drinking water. Shortness of breath often appears together with the cough. Complaints of shortness of breath and cough often appear during the rainy season, cold air, exposure to dust and smoke. Shortness of breath will subside if the patient uses an inhaler. The patient also complained of a fever that had been felt since 1 day ago. The fever felt by the patient remained high without any decrease in temperature. On physical examination, BP was 110/70 mmHg, RR 18 x / minute, HR 89 x / minute, BMI 19.6 kg / m2., Respiratory system wheezing in both lungs and X-ray results showed bronchitis. Primary data were obtained through anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling out family folders, and filling out patient files. The assessment is based on the initial holistic diagnosis, process, and end of the visit quantitatively and qualitatively. The interventions carried out are promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and psychosocial efforts.

During the field work practice, the author observed that there were obstacles in placing pedis examinations on non-cooperative patients so that the examination was not optimal. This obstacle resulted in radiologists not being able to carry out their expertise properly. In addition, if the referring doctor asks for a repeat photo, it will give the patient an excessive radiation dose. With such patient conditions, a fixation device is needed so that the examination produced optimal results. Innovation efforts are needed to overcome this in order to improve services and prioritize patient safety. In addition, according to Lampignano & Kendrick, (2018), it is not permissible to force injured limbs or body parts into a certain position, the position must be adjusted according to needs. So that patients with multiple fractures require special treatment that is different from patients in general. The researcher designed a fixation device that can be used in the patient's supine and sitting positions without having to lift the patient's thigh, genu, and cruris bones and also without looking at the size of the patient's feet.

Breast self-examination (BSE) is learning to see and examine your own breasts every month (Rasjidi, 2021). The main goal of BSE is to find breast cancer at an early stage so that treatment can be better. Lack of understanding or lack of information about breast cancer and steps to prevent early detection causes many women to be less or less interested in having this examination. Breast cancer is the cancer with the second highest prevalence after cervical cancer in Central Java in 2021, namely cervical cancer at 1.2% or the equivalent of 19,734 people and breast cancer at 0.7% or the equivalent of 11,511 people. Based on the preliminary study conducted, the results showed that of the 10 questions about BSE at SMA 5 Tegal, 6 out of 10 respondents answered that they did not know or had a low understanding of BSE, while the other 4 respondents indicated sufficient understanding about BSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate SMA 5 Tegal students' understanding of the importance of breast self-examination (BSE) in early detection of breast cancer. The research method that will be used in this research is a quantitative approach with a cross sectional design. The population of this research was 117 female students of SMA 5 Tegal class XI (adolescent girls), with sampling using the total sample. The results of this research show that the majority of respondents have a good understanding of BSE, namely 89 respondents (76.1%), where this respondent's understanding is obtained from good knowledge about BSE, knowing the correct BSE examination techniques.

The goal of this research is to determine how the legal position of Singapore returning Flight Information Region (FIR) over the Riau Islands is founded on international law, which is the basis for delegating authority to Singapore to manage FIR over the Riau Islands. International legal recognition of sovereignty in airspace is contained in Article 1 of the 1919 Paris Convention, which states that "The contracting States recognize that every state has complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory". Indonesia has the authority to manage the airspace, which is divided into two Flight Information Regions (FIR), which are managed by two air traffic service centers, the Jakarta Air Traffic Service Center for the Jakarta FIR, which covers an area of 2,593,150 km2, and the Makassar Air Traffic Service Center for the Ujung Pandang FIR, which covers an area of 4,946,543 km2. Yet, the management of FIR in these areas has never been within the control of the domestic government since Indonesia's independence. Based on international law, a judicial examination was conducted to examine Indonesia's agreement with Singapore over the takeover of the airspace service or flight information region (FIR) over the Riau Archipelago area. According to the research findings, certain articles in the FIR Agreement are quite burdensome to Indonesia. And this agreement must be thoroughly examined to determine whether it favors Indonesia or vice versa.

Breast cancer and its consequences have become a public health problem globally due to the impact of health disorders caused and the most severe impact is leading to death. Changes in diet and eating culture (fast food and lack of intake of vegetables and fruits) are one of the lifestyle changes that occur in adolescents today. Teenagers are more likely to consume foods that follow trends without looking at the nutritional status or content contained in the food. Fast food (junk food) contains a lot of dyes, preservatives, artificial flavors and how to process them by frying at high temperatures or burning. The habit of not eating less fatty foods (fruits and vegetables) and the habit of consuming red and processed meat also triggers the occurrence of tumors. One of the prevention of breast cancer is by conducting early detection of breast cancer which can be done with breast self-examination (SADARI). The purpose of this community service activity is to increase adolescents' knowledge about breast cancer and detect the early occurrence of breast cancer through breast self-examination (SADARI), This service activity involves adolescent girls in grade VIII aged 13-15 years At SMP Negeri 1 Unter Iwes, the implementation has been carried out on August 19, 2024. Service is carried out starting from preparation to evaluation. The method used in service is the method of socialization and application (application) directly in the field. The results of the evaluation showed that there was an increase in the knowledge and skills of grade VIII students after being given health education. Judging from the results of the post test, which is higher than the average pre test.