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This research aims to analyze the breakfast habits of teenagers at SMK Negeri 3 Bogor. The impact of skipping breakfast is that it causes weight gain, increasing the risk of disease. The recommended breakfast time is 7 or 8 in the morning because they have enough time for breakfast. According to most students, breakfast is a healthy lifestyle and affects their concentration and enthusiasm for studying at school and so that students have a strong immune system. The data collection technique in this research is by distributing a questionnaire which is distributed via the Google Form application which contains 16 statements that have passed validation tests and reliability tests. Other data collection was carried out by reading literature books, the internet, and articles related to the problem topic. The number of respondents in this study was 188 people, 46 men with a percentage of 24.5% and 142 women with a percentage of 75.5%. The indicators contained in the questionnaire include the benefits of breakfast, the impact of breakfast, the time of breakfast, the variety of breakfast, the type of breakfast consumed, and the amount of breakfast. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that many factors influence the breakfast habits of teenagers at SMK Negeri 3 Bogor.

Coated tablets are compressed tablets that are coated with a mixture of various substances such as: resin, gum, fillers, sugar, plasticizers, polyols, coloring agents, and flavor enhancers in the active substance. The types of coated tablets that are developing are sugar-coated, thin-coated and enteric-coated tablets. One of the additional materials that plays an important role in making coated tablets is a binder. This review article aims to obtain information and examine what is a good concentration of binder to use in coated tablet formulations. Based on a literature study from several articles collected, it can be concluded that the lactose binder, porang tuber starch, and PVP in several coated tablet dosage formulations, these binders have no effect on the physical properties of the dosage form.

. Avocado seeds are one of the plants used as a medicine for diabetes mellitus with the Latin name (Persea americana Mill.). Avocado seeds contain compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids which are beneficial for health. This study aims to determine the effect of avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill.) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in diabetic wounds using the disc diffusion method. The extraction process is by maceration using 96% ethanol. The treatment was repeated 4 times with extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, as a positive control Ciprofloxacin and DMSO (Dimetyl Sulfoxide) as a negative control. The results of phytochemical screening show that avocado seeds contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids. Based on the results of research conducted, avocado seed extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria as an inhibition zone is formed. The most effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is at 100% concentration of 10.14 mm.

The process of identifying the ripeness level of cayenne peppers is an important step in cultivation and post-harvest handling. Dependence on the quality factors of farmers, such as visual diversity and differences in ripeness perception, results in subjective harvest outcomes. This manual process is also prone to inconsistent results, as humans have time limitations, fatigue, and sometimes lack concentration when sorting for long periods. To minimize these issues, technological intervention is needed to mechanically classify the ripeness level of cayenne peppers. This research aims to develop a classification model for the maturity level of cayenne pepper plants. This research proposes the use of the CNN method for feature extraction and KNN for data classification based on the features extracted by CNN. From the test scenarios carried out, the classification carried out by KNN based on CNN feature extraction got the best accuracy of 99.33%, while the CNN classification model got the best accuracy of 87.33%.

Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological complaint resulting from an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood, resulting in pain. The impact of menstrual pain is very diverse, including young women being unable to walk, having difficulty sleeping, being in a bad mood, losing concentration in doing something, and so on. Gymnastics is a relaxation technique for experiencing dysmenorrhea. To find out nursing care for adolescents with reproductive disorders, dysmenorrhea, the design used in this scientific report is a case study. This case study results from the application of Evidence Based Practice (EBP), client K experienced moderate dysmenorrhea pain on a scale of 4 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 2, client R experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain scale of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 1 and client S experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain level of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to no pain on a scale of 0. Applying Evidence Based Practice (EBP) it can be concluded that dysmenorrhea exercises can reduce the dysmenorrhea pain experienced by young women during menstruation.

Introduction : Indonesia is country that passed by the equator causing sunlight intensity increase that causes skin problems. Sunscreen is a cosmetic which used to protect skin from sun exposure. Kawista stem bark (Limonia acidissima Groff) has a flavonoid dan phenolic as UV protector. This study analyzed SPF values of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, etil acetate fraction, water fraction and sunscreen cream. Method : Spesific and non spesific standardization of ethanolic extract. Extraction using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The suncreen cream were made in 2% (F1), 4% (F2) and 6% (F3) concentration. Physical characteristics has tested include organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility and adhesion and viscosity. Oneway ANOVA and kruskall wallis test statistic analysis. Oneway ANOVA and kruskall wallis test statistic analysis. Result : SPF values on F1 is 3,63 (minimal protection); F2 is 7,53 (Extra protection) and F3 is 15, 43 (Ultra protection). Conclusion : All three cream formula has a different significant SPF values (p < 0,05). The suncreen cream fulfilled the requirements of physical characteristics.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or what is commonly called diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by the insulin hormone in the body which cannot be used effectively to regulate blood sugar balance, thereby increasing the concentration of sugar levels in the blood. The aim of this community service is to increase community knowledge regarding diabetes mellitus. The benefits of community service activities are providing education about diabetes. The location of the community service activities is at BTN Bukit Permai in the Kerka Community Health Center Unit 1 Sumbawa area. This community service activity has been carried out well involving public health students and nursing students, in carrying out outreach activities to the community with the title "Productive Healthy Living Free of Diabetes with Health Education about Diabetes Mellitus in the Pkm Unit 1 Sumbawa Working Area" on Saturday 29 June 2024

In today's fast-paced, information-driven world, productivity is paramount for personal and professional success. Effective reading, a crucial cognitive process, significantly impacts knowledge acquisition, critical thinking, and innovation. This research offers an extensive examination of optimizing reading spaces to boost productivity. The study investigates the intricate relationship between reading environments and cognitive performance, considering factors like lighting, ergonomics, acoustics, spatial layout, and technology integration. These elements profoundly influence reader engagement, information retention, and cognitive load. Moreover, the study delves into environmental psychology's role in shaping concentration, creativity, and comfort within reading spaces. It analyzes the psychological effects of design elements like color, nature, and organization on cognitive processes. Understanding these responses empowers designers and individuals to tailor spaces for better focus and well-being. The integration of technology within reading spaces is explored, assessing digital platforms, interactive displays, and personalized content curation's benefits for efficient information consumption. It addresses challenges in balancing printed materials and digital resources. Additionally, the study considers personalized reading spaces' impact on diverse demographic groups, accounting for age, cognitive abilities, and preferences in design and customization. It emphasizes adaptable spaces catering to various needs and learning styles. This research offers a comprehensive view of reading spaces and productivity enhancement. By examining design elements, psychological factors, and technological integration, it provides insights for creating spaces that empower individuals to engage effectively with information, think critically, and achieve higher productivity in academic and professional endeavors.

This research aims to analyze students' difficulties in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects in Class IV UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru. The subjects in this research were 19 students of UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru consisting of three students with high abilities, three students with medium abilities, and three students with low abilities. Data collection was carried out using written tests and continued with individual interviews to obtain valid data. The results of the analysis of the difficulty test for writing stories for students showed an average score of 67.63 for students. From these data it can be seen that the ability of class IV students in writing stories is still quite low. Of the 3 questions asked, many students still had difficulty answering questions related to structure and choosing words. Based on the results of interviews with 9 students, it is known that the difficulties experienced by students in the high subject category are that students have difficulty determining titles and connecting words to make a complete sentence. The difficulties experienced by moderate subjects were difficulty putting together good and interesting sentences in determining the content of the story and the noisy classroom atmosphere affecting their concentration in writing. Meanwhile, the difficulties experienced by low subjects are that they are not interested in writing a story so it is difficult to write, they have difficulty deciding what words to use, and they have no interest in writing long texts so they prefer not to do it. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the level of difficulty for students in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects is still quite low.

Gangrenous wounds are wounds that occur due to diabetes complications caused by nerve damage and poor blood circulation which makes diabetic wounds unable to prevent infection. Infection is caused by the growth of microbes. High levels of sugar in the blood of DM sufferers provide food for microbes to reproduce. One of the bacteria that causes gangrene is Staphylococcus aureus. Plants that can be used as antibacterials are cherry leaves, also known as seri (Muntingia calabura L.), which contain tannins, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols. This research aims to identify the antibacterial activity of cherry leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from DM wound wipes. This research was carried out in an experimental laboratory by applying the disc diffusion research method. The resistance is measured through the clear zone that extends around the paper disc. Kersen leaf extract was obtained through a maceration process with 96% ethanol solvent to obtain a thick extract of 0.074%. The test concentrations used were 12.5%, 25%, 50% and 75%. Positive control tetracycline 500 mg and negative control DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). The results of this research show that Kersen leaf extract inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in diabetic wounds. In concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, the average diameter obtained was 2.70 mm, 4.67 mm, 6.30 mm, 7.89 mm. Conclusion: the effect of ethanol extract of cherry leaves on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in diabetic wounds is antibacterial.

Adsorption is a separation process on a particular substance based on the affinity of a compound to a solid. The adsorption process requires an adsorbent as an absorbent material and an adsorbate as an absorbed component. The adsorbent that is often used to absorb Cu2+ ions is silica gel. Silica gel is a rigid gel that is amorphous. In silica gel there are two main bonding groups, namely siloxane and silanol groups which cause silica gel to easily absorb polar molecules, especially water. The purpose of this research is to get the best mass of silica and the effect of the initial concentration of Cu ions on the final concentration of Cu metal. In this study, two operating conditions were varied, namely the mass of silica gel adsorbent 0.4 grams; 0.6 grams; 0.8 grams; 1 gram; 1.2 grams and the initial concentration of Cu metal 3 ppm; 4 ppm; 5 ppm; 6 ppm; 7 ppm. The results of this study showed that the silica content of bagasse ash was 70.97% with a surface area of 283.802 m2/g. The best result of this study reduced the content of copper metal (Cu) by 88% in the condition of silica gel mass of 1.2 grams. The adsorption isotherm shows that the data is more in line with the Freundlich equation. The resulting equation is y = 0.4268x + 0.4969 with an R2 value of 0.9837.

Today's students, often referred to as the digital generation, tend to be more interested and responsive to interactive and visual learning media. However, traditional teaching methods that tend to be monotonous are often unable to fulfil students' learning needs and interests. Therefore, innovation in learning approaches is necessary. One of the innovative solutions in learning media development is the use of graphic design applications such as Canva. With its user-friendly features, Canva allows teachers to create more dynamic and interesting teaching materials, which in turn can increase students' motivation and understanding of the values taught in Islamic Religious Education and Budi Pekerti. The development method or R&D using the ADDIE model is a learning design model that provides an organised process in the construction of teaching materials that can be used in both face-to-face and online learning. The use of learning media that suits students' needs not only increases their attention to the lesson, but also provides a comprehensive learning experience, reinforces a thorough understanding of the material, and encourages students' active involvement in the learning process. Thus, students have greater opportunities to develop their creativity and potential in a supportive learning environment. Learning media plays an important role in improving student learning outcomes by providing an engaging and efficient teaching-learning process. It allows students to understand the subject matter more easily, increases learning efficiency in accordance with the learning objectives, and improves their concentration and motivation.

This research explores the electrolysis process of a mixture of copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) and aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) solutions using carbon electrodes. The main objective is to understand the mechanism of gas formation and metal deposition efficiency. In the experiment, CuSO4 and Al2(SO4) solutions )3 with a concentration of 0.5 M each is used as the electrolyte, and carbon electrodes as the cathode and anode. During electrolysis, the electric current causes copper ions (Cu²⁺) to move to the cathode, undergo reduction to copper (Cu), and deposit on them. cathode. Aluminum ions (Al³⁺) tend to remain in solution due to the higher reduction potential. At the anode, hydroxide ions (OH⁻) from water are oxidized, producing oxygen gas (O₂). and oxygen gas at the anode. The efficiency of copper deposition was analyzed by measuring the mass of deposited copper. This research provides insight into the dynamics of electrolysis of CuSO4 and Al2(SO4)3 mixtures, as well as their potential in electrochemical applications. In conclusion, the use of carbon electrodes is effective for the deposition of pure copper and the production of oxygen gas as a by-product.

This study investigates the potential use of eggshell waste and sugar palm fibers (ijuk) as natural filters for air pollution. Eggshells, rich in calcium carbonate, and ijuk, with its dense fibrous structure, are hypothesized to effectively capture airborne pollutants. An experimental method was employed to create and test filters made from these materials. Results show that the combination of eggshells and ijuk significantly reduces pollutant particle concentrations, providing an environmentally friendly alternative for air filtration.

A slope is an area of ​​morphology that has a certain geometry, namely the highest and lowest parts and has the potential for landslides if it is in an unstable condition (Wesley & Pranyoto, 2010 in Khodijah, et al, 2022). A slope can be composed of soil, rock, or both. Slope stability is influenced by slope geometry, physical and mechanical characteristics of the slope-forming material, water (hydrology and hydrogeology), rock weak plane structure (location, direction, frequency, mechanical characteristics), natural stresses in the rock mass, local stress concentrations, vibrations ( natural: earthquakes; and human actions: effects of blasting, effects of heavy equipment passing by), climate, the results of mine workers' actions, and thermic effects (Moshab, 1997 in Arif, 2016).

Concentration is an important aspect of learning, but there are still many students who experience difficulty concentrating. This research aims to determine the effect of nature music therapy on increasing student learning concentration. This experimental research uses a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 10 students who were divided into experimental and control groups. Concentrations were measured before and after treatment. The result was that there was a higher average increase in the experimental group's concentration score (sig value = 0.011; two-sided p (p<0.05)). Therefore, it can be concluded that nature music therapy has a positive and significant influence on increasing student learning concentration.

A novel compound called 3-chloro-4-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (3-CDBA), derived from beta-lactams, was investigated for its effects on human leukemia (HL-60) cells, pancreatic cancer (TCP-1026) cells, and healthy cells (WRL68) for comparison. The compound showed an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 91.55 µg/ml on the leukemia cells, 141.3 µg/ml on the pancreatic cancer cells, and 353.8 µg/ml on the healthy cells. This indicates that the compound selectively kills cancer cells while having minimal effect on healthy cells, as higher concentrations are required to kill half of the healthy cells. These findings suggest that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In comparison to conventional antioxidants like ascorbic acid (vitamin C), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) exhibited a higher percentage of inhibition at the highest concentration, with a value of 72.95% and an IC50 of 42.67 µg/ml. Furthermore, the compound's effects were studied on two types of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus (positive) and Escherichia coli (negative), as well as various Penicillium species. The compound showed the greatest inhibitory effect at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml. In a theoretical examination, molecular docking was employed to design and synthesize a drug using the beta-lactam derivative and a target associated with cancer cells from a protein database. The compound demonstrated a strong and close interaction with amino acids and different sites within the active pocket, resulting in a higher binding energy. This indicates that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by disrupting their metabolic processes.  To determine the lethal dose (LD50), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) was administered to half of the animals in the study.

Democracy as a system has become an alternative in various social and state activities in several countries. The reason for making democracy a social and state system is because almost all countries in the world have made democracy a fundamental principle. Apart from making democracy a principle of statehood, it has essentially provided direction for the role of society in running the state as its highest organization, so that citizens need correct knowledge and understanding about democracy.  Democracy based on Pancasila shows how important harmony is between democratic principles and Indonesian values. This reflects the close connection between Pancasila as the state ideology and democratic principles in the Indonesian government system. The research method used is a literature review, by collecting all material related to the discussion from books, journals, written works and others. The results of the collection show that the concept and urgency of democracy originating from Pancasila is seen from the people who are led by wisdom in deliberation/representation: Pancasila emphasizes the importance of people's participation in decision making, both directly and through representatives, based on wisdom. Deliberation for consensus : The principle of deliberation in Pancasila underlines the importance of reaching agreement through discussion and consultation, which is the essence of consensual democracy. Social justice for all Indonesian people: Democracy in Pancasila must have a positive impact on all levels of society and guarantee social justice. The Urgency of Democracy in Pancasila People's Participation: The concept of democracy in Pancasila ensures that the people have an active role in the decision-making process, thereby strengthening the rights and responsibilities of citizens. Protection of Human Rights: Democracy originating from Pancasila provides better protection for human rights, such as freedom of opinion, assembly and religion. Preventing Oligarchy: Pancasila encourages the involvement of more people in politics, thereby preventing the concentration of power in the hands of a few individuals or groups (oligarchy). Balance Between Freedom and Justice: Democracy in Pancasila prioritizes a balance between individual freedom and social justice, thereby avoiding abuse of freedom that is detrimental to society.

Research on the antibacterial test of dragon fruit peel extract carried out by Anggraini & Harris (2017) shows that white dragon fruit extract is able to inhibit the growth of epidermal Staphylococcus bacteria with the lowest concentration, namely 25%, producing an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 13.7 mm, while for the highest concentration, namely 100%, it produces an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 17.7 mm. To determine the more effective antibacterial effect of white dragon fruit peel extract, the research continued to the fractionation stage to separate compounds based on polarity level. The solvents used are water which is a polar solvent, ethyl acetate which is a semi-polar solvent, and n-hexane which is a nonpolar solvent (Yohanes, 2020). Based on the description above, researchers are interested in conducting research on testing the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction of white dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus undatus) against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.    

The communications technology industry is a dynamic industry and is always changing along with developments in the business environment. Technology companies often learn new individual needs as quickly as possible which forces companies to innovate business models, and this industry has promising prospects because the market is getting bigger. The aim of this research is to analyze the structure, behavior and performance of companies that dominate the communications technology industry. This research uses secondary data with qualitative and quantitative approaches obtained directly through intermediary media. The sample collection method used was the non-participant observation method. Data analysis techniques use concentration ratio analysis, HHI index test, descriptive analysis. The results of this research show 1) The market structure of the communications technology industry is proven to be an oligopoly. 2) The market structure in the communications technology industry is influenced by company behavior. 3) Market structure and company behavior influence company performance. The implications of this research are that structure, behavior and performance influence each other in the communications technology industry.