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This study discusses the influence of the waste bank program on fulfilling household nutrition in Belawan II. In this context, the problem of child nutrition is a major challenge, especially in urban areas with low economic levels. Medan Belawan District faces nutritional problems due to limited access to nutritious food and low community income, which often hinders the fulfillment of balanced nutrition for children and other vulnerable groups. In addition, this study also highlights the relationship between waste problems and child nutrition, where suboptimal waste management has a negative impact on environmental health and the quality of life of the community. This has the potential to hinder the growth and development of children who should get adequate nutritional intake. The waste bank program is expected to increase family income through better waste management, which in turn can improve access and quality of food consumed by households. Thus, this program not only functions as a solution to waste management, but also as an intervention that supports improving household nutrition in the community. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to describe the presence of the digital waste bank movement as a digital-based environmental movemen that can have a positive impact on fulfilling household nutrition in Belawan II, especially amidst the challenges faced during the pandemic.

Schizophrenia is a syndrome characterized by a disturbance in an individual's behavior that makes the individual's behavior strange. Individuals will also experience delusions, hallucinations and emotions. This study aims to analyze the expression of emotions of families who have family members with schizophrenia. Then also to find out the dynamics and impact on the family. This research is a qualitative research with literature review method by collecting and analyzing relevant articles published from 2014-2024. The form of article collection uses the Google Scholar database. Based on the source of the article, the results obtained show that the emotional expression of the family of schizophrenia patients can affect the frequency of relapse in patients. High emotional expression in patients such as excessive criticism and hostile behavior can cause intense relapse in patients. While low emotional expression and providing more support to patients can reduce the frequency of relapse and improve the recovery process in schizophrenia patients. This study focuses on the importance of emotional management in families and providing more support as an effort to care for schizophrenic patients

Abstract. Traditional Javanese architecture, especially joglo houses, reflect the harmonious relationship between humans, nature, and God through designs that are loaded with symbolism and philosophy. The joglo house not only serves as a place to live, but also as a space for religious and social rituals, reflecting the spiritual values and belief system of the Javanese people. In this article, we discuss the elements of joglo house design, such as soko guru, towering roofs, and spatial layouts that depict social and spiritual hierarchies. This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies to analyze how traditional Javanese architectural design reflects the cultural values and spirituality of its people. The results of the study show that the preservation of joglo houses as a cultural heritage is very important, but it faces great challenges due to modernization and urbanization. Preservation efforts through cultural education, culture-based tourism, and cross-sectoral cooperation are relevant solutions to maintain the continuity of this traditional architecture.

This study aims to describe the Analysis of the Implementation of Policy and Integrated Transportation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in Medan City. The qualitative research method is also known as a method where the research is conducted under natural conditions. This research method is a scientific procedure or approach to obtain data with specific objectives. Data analysis is the process of systematically searching for and organizing data. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The data obtained are then analysed through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that the Medan City Government is currently implementing significant development in urban mobility with two main activities: the development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and the development of Kesawan and Merdeka Square areas. Both activities emphasize the importance of developing pedestrian and cyclist facilities while facilitating the people of Medan City in accessing public transportation. These efforts are positive actions taken by the Medan City Government toward the development of sustainable urban mobility while ensuring that all corners of Medan City can be reached by quality public transportation.

Oil production from a reservoir will naturally decrease or even not be able to produce at all. This condition does not necessarily indicate that the oil reserves in the reservoir have run out. If we only rely on primary production methods (primary recovery), it is likely that there is still a lot of oil left in the reservoir, so advanced production methods are needed to be able to drain the oil that is still left in the reservoir. Advanced oil recovery technology or Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) continues to develop to overcome the challenges in increasing oil production from reservoirs that have entered the secondary or tertiary production stage. One method that has attracted attention is Miscible Gas Flooding (MGF), which involves injecting certain gases into the reservoir. This method allows the creation of perfect mixing conditions (miscible) between the injected gas and the oil in the reservoir, thereby increasing the efficiency of oil transfer and maximizing recovery results. This technology is a solution to maximize the potential of oil wells that have experienced decreased productivity. The main principle of Miscible Gas Flooding is to reduce the interfacial tension between oil and gas, and reduce the viscosity of the oil, so that the oil can flow more easily to the production well. Commonly used gases include carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen (N₂), or light hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane. With the right pressure and temperature, these gases can mix homogeneously with oil, resulting in higher displacement efficiency compared to water or immiscible gas injection methods. These advantages make MGF one of the most effective approaches to increase oil well productivity in complex reservoirs. Although promising, the implementation of Miscible Gas Flooding requires careful planning and a comprehensive evaluation of reservoir conditions. Factors such as the minimum pressure to achieve miscibility, the type of gas used, and potential disturbances such as fingering or channeling must be carefully considered. In addition, operational costs and the infrastructure required are also aspects that need to be taken into account.

The problem of anemia in adolescents is still a fundamental problem in the world. Anemia is associated with insufficient food intake and low food quality. Factors that correlate with the incidence of anemia in adolescents both in urban and rural areas are age, sex, health status of toddlers (ARI, diarrhea, tuberculosis), physical activity, nutritional status, breakfast, and diet, parenting and so on. This study aims to determine the anemia in adolescents. This study is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional design. This research was conducted in February-March 2024 in Cinta Damai Village, West Tanjung Jabung Regency. The population in this study were all toddlers aged 12-18 years. A sample of 89 people was taken by total sampling technique. Data collection using questionnaire sheets. The data obtained were analyzed univariately, bivariately using chi square and multivariate tests. The results showed that there was a relationship between infectious diseases (p =), toddler diet (p =) and parenting style (p =) with anemia in adolescents because the p value < 0.05. There was no relationship between giving MP-ASI too early and anemia in toddlers with a value of p = 0.647 > 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the incidence of anemia during pregnancy with breakfast (p = 0.003), diet (p = 0.001) and head circumference because the p value < 0.05. There is no significant relationship between the incidence of anemia during pregnancy and chest circumference in newborns at the Jambi Kecil Muaro Jambi Health Center in 2023 with p values of 0.001 > 0.05. The most dominant factor affecting anemia in toddlers is the diet of toddlers with a value of p = 0.001 with OR = 13.108. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide information and recommendations to conduct a series of counseling and counseling activities for mothers of toddlers to prevent and overcome the problem of underweight.

Power system protection plays a crucial role in maintaining the reliability and security of electricity distribution. This study discusses the analysis of coordination between overcurrent relays (OCR) and ground fault relays (GFR) on the Miwon Substation power line. The study aims to determine the optimal setting values ​​for OCR and GFR, so that they can detect and disconnect short circuit faults quickly and accurately. The approach used includes theoretical calculations and simulations to evaluate relay performance under various fault conditions. The results of the study reveal that with appropriate settings, the relay can operate selectively and efficiently, reducing the impact of disturbances and maintaining the stability of the power system.

Urbanization is an inevitable phenomenon in many developing countries, including Indonesia, which has experienced rapid growth in recent decades. This study aims to analyze the impact of urbanization on economic development in big cities such as Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung. The literature study method is used to collect and analyze various relevant sources. The findings show that although urbanization can drive economic growth and job creation, it also brings significant challenges, such as housing problems, congestion, and pollution. This study concludes that effective management of urbanization requires an integrated and sustainable policy approach. Recommendations for further research and government policies are also presented to support sustainable urban development in Indonesia.

The aim of this research is to determine the performance of government officials in implementing effective governance in Tanjung Unggat Village, Tanjungpinang City. This research uses descriptive analysis methods with a qualitative approach. This research was also obtained from the results of interviews, questionnaires and observations. As well as carrying out data analysis in a structured and systematic manner, according to the focus of the problem using performance appraisal theory. The results obtained from this research are that the performance of employees at the Tanjung Unggat Subdistrict Office, in terms of serving the community, has good performance, which can be measured through several indicators such as subdistrict office employees obeying work rules, being able to work together to carry out various activities within an organization including decision making, measuring work results, and interaction with existing regulations. And employees show that the services provided to the community are always carried out seriously, politely, with a sense of responsibility and ethics.

Indonesia's micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) continue to encounter a range of obstacles, particularly in enhancing their productivity and competitiveness. The 2020 survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs indicates that Indonesia still has substantial challenges in terms of education quality, especially in rural and underdeveloped urban areas. Several factors, such as the availability of high-quality education, access to educational resources, and the level of teaching excellence, can significantly impact individuals' capacity to effectively manage their enterprises and promote innovation (Kemendikbud RI, 2020). This study investigates the link between knowledge sharing practices, innovation, and employee performance within Indonesian MSMEs. Through exploratory analysis, it offers fresh insights into how innovation and knowledge sharing behaviour can affect employee performance in Indonesian MSMEs. The main objective is to analyse and explore the impact of innovation and information sharing behaviours on employee performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Based on this research and its findings, several strategies have been identified. These strategies aim to explore the complex relationship between an employee's performance, their willingness to share knowledge, and their ability to demonstrate innovative behaviours in MSMEs. Future study could focus on improving the quality of human resources, specifically in areas such as knowledge, expertise, competence, and entrepreneurial attitude. Investing in the development of human resources yields benefits for both MSME business owners and the overall well-being of workers..

This article aims to analyze Semarang's city diplomacy in solving environmental problems. Cities have an increasingly large role to play in this globalization era due to complex global issues, especially environmental issues. Cities are also having difficulty dealing with globalization due to the speed of population growth, economic pressures, excessive land use, and the increasing use of motor vehicles that release pollutants into the air. To address these issues, cities around the world are doing their best to find cooperative solutions through diplomacy. In addition, many national capitals cannot handle multiple tasks and, therefore, need to delegate some of their burden to other cities. In line with these objectives, this study utilizes an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, focusing on Semarang's diplomacy efforts. This study found that the Semarang city government has been perceived as an institution with clear political objectives that is fully committed to the practice of city diplomacy to engage directly, albeit in a limited way, in multilateral and bilateral international cooperation to find solutions to its environmental problems. The city government is no longer seen as an object of implementation of program plans formulated at the central level but also has the opportunity to formulate strategic plans or bottom-up procedures based on the needs of local communities and the suitability of the model with environmentally sustainable urban development.

The district office is one of the forefront public service agencies which its performance is directly felt and catched by the public, but the performance of its employees are stil not optimal. The main purpose of this research is to determine the priority of the employee's performance improvement policies of the district offices in the Semarang regional government. This research is using qualitative approach by analyzing the work ability, work facility, standard operational procedure and work discipline as the alternative variables in order to achieve the work performance improvement as the goals variable. The population of this research is 27 district offices in the Semarang renal government with the samples that being used are 13 persons hat consist the key informants, the main informants and the supporting informant who's being chosen though some determined criteria. The results of the analysis using AHP method find that the work discipline is the first priority, the work ability is the second, the standard operational procedure is the third priority and the work facility is the fourth priority with the consistency ratio (CR) value is 0,01. The study's conclusion is that work discipline improvement is the first priority in the way to the employee's performance improvement of the district offices in the Semarang regional government which shows that work discipline of the public service office's employees is still not in the way they were desired to be.

This study aims to examine the development of clean water infrastructure in Dumai City to fulfill the community's clean water requirements. The clean water infrastructure possessed by the City of Dumai has failed to satisfy the comprehensive needs of the population. Consequently, the government addresses this issue by developing air infrastructure and implementing additional measures to resolve it. This scientific endeavor employs a descriptive qualitative method and the researcher’s observation. The study's findings reveal that PDAM Tirta Dumai Bersemai in Dumai City has failed to satisfy the water requirements of its residents. Consequently, development is requisite via multiple initiatives, including the establishment of a Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) through Public Private Partnership (PPP), the National Urban Water Supply Project (NUSWP), and Regional SPAM Development via DUROLIS Regional SPAM (Dumai - Rokan Hilir – Bengkalis).

This research examines the strategies implemented by the Batam City Government in improving illegal urban settlements, with a focus on informal housing areas. The rapid urbanization and migration to Batam have led to the development of informal settlements, which often lack proper infrastructure, housing quality, and access to basic services. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of government programs aimed at improving these areas, particularly through initiatives focused on housing quality enhancement and urban planning. Through a case study approach, the research explores policy frameworks, stakeholder involvement, and community participation in the improvement process. The findings highlight key challenges and opportunities in addressing informal settlements, providing recommendations for better integration of these areas into the formal urban fabric. Ultimately, the research seeks to contribute to the understanding of sustainable urban development strategies for cities facing similar issues of informal settlement growth.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a hybrid citizen–AI legal monitoring system in enhancing urban environmental governance. The hybrid system integrates citizen-driven reporting platforms with AI-powered legal monitoring tools to address the challenges of weak public oversight in urban environmental management. By implementing the system in three metropolitan areas, the study explores how real-time data collection through citizen reports, combined with AI-driven analysis, can improve the accuracy, speed, and responsiveness of identifying environmental violations. The results showed a 45% improvement in oversight effectiveness, demonstrating the potential of hybrid systems to enhance monitoring capabilities beyond traditional methods. The AI system, capable of analyzing large datasets and providing timely insights, enabled quicker identification and categorization of violations such as pollution and waste management issues. The integration of citizen involvement through digital platforms allowed for more inclusive data collection, enhancing the quality and volume of information available for decision-making. This synergy between human participation and AI-driven analysis improved the speed of response to urban environmental challenges, making the system more adaptive and efficient. However, challenges such as data reliability and variable citizen participation rates were identified, suggesting the need for strategies to encourage consistent engagement and ensure the accuracy of reported data. The study concludes that hybrid citizen–AI systems can significantly improve urban governance by enhancing transparency, accountability, and responsiveness, offering a promising solution for cities seeking to address environmental issues more effectively.

The increase in human activities, such as industrialization, urbanization, and transportation, has led to air pollution, including heavy metal contamination such as lead (Pb). Lead originates from vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and fossil fuel combustion, which have detrimental effects on the environment and human health. One effective method for monitoring air pollution is biomonitoring using bioindicators, such as lichen. Lichen is sensitive to air quality and can absorb pollutants, including heavy metals, through its surface. This study uses a literature review to analyze the role of lichen as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution, specifically lead. Several lichen species, such as *Xanthoparmelia xanthofarinosa* and *Canoparmelia aptata*, are known to accumulate heavy metals from the environment. The results show that the lead content in lichen varies depending on the pollution level in the location. Areas with high traffic have higher lead concentrations compared to areas with low traffic. The advantages of using lichen as a bioindicator include low cost, practicality, and its ability to provide long-term data on air quality. With this understanding, lichen data can be used for pollution mitigation and evidence-based policies to reduce the impact of air pollution. Further research is recommended to explore the potential of lichen in detecting other heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu).  

Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) is one of the priority programs in maintaining community food security. However, in the implementation of the program there are still problems, including the late delivery of assistance which has an impact on the delay in the implementation of activities so that the P2L program does not run in accordance with the technical instructions that have been issued each year, and assistance that is less than optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effectiveness of the program to increase diversification and community food security through sustainable food yard activities (P2L) in farm women's groups in South Tangerang City. The method in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive method. Data collection techniques used three ways, observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Then the collected data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The results showed that the achievement of the program has not yet shown the expected effectiveness due to the delay in disbursement of funds which has an impact on the delay in the implementation of activities and has not yet achieved the program objectives in fulfilling food and nutrition sources, especially for stunting so that it has not been able to contribute to helping Posyandu in providing animal protein in the stunting locus determined by the Mayor of South Tangerang. The integration indicator is not yet fully effective because there are still farm women groups that have not received intensive assistance from the program assistants. In addition, the implementation of P2L procedures applied in South Tangerang City has not been maximized because the concept of seedling houses is not suitable for the hot conditions in South Tangerang City. The adaptation indicator has not run optimally because the use of facilities and infrastructure for P2L activities is still limited to conventional agricultural tools.  

This study aims to evaluate the quality and function of Green Open Space (RTH) at RPTRA Taman Matoa, Jagakarsa. The background of this paper is the importance of RTH in urban planning as an open interaction space for the community. This research was conducted using normative and empirical research methods to collect data on the physical condition, utilization, and community perceptions of the RTH. This RTH functions as a place for recreation, sports, and social activities for the surrounding community. These findings indicate that good management of RTH can improve the quality of the urban environment and community welfare.

This study explores the relocation of Indonesia's capital from Jakarta to Nusantara (IKN), a strategic initiative aimed at addressing environmental, economic, and social challenges while fostering sustainable economic growth. Utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, the research examines existing studies to assess the potential and challenges associated with the project. Key findings highlight IKN's role in redistributing economic activities, mitigating Jakarta's overpopulation and infrastructure strain, and promoting regional development in East Kalimantan. The project is expected to enhance national GDP distribution, create millions of jobs, and position IKN as a smart and sustainable urban model. However, concerns over financing, environmental impacts, and socio-cultural adaptations present critical challenges that require comprehensive strategic planning. This study contributes to the discourse on national capital relocation, providing insights for policymakers to optimize the economic and environmental benefits of this transformative endeavor.  

This study analyses the production and quality of nest Bird swallows (SBW) in rural and urban areas of Lombok Island, as well as the level of income of SBW breeders. Survey and purposive sampling techniques: this study involved 20 respondents, 10 of each rural and urban. Data was collected through interviews, observation field, and documentation, then explained in a way. Research results show that SBW production and quality in urban areas are taller compared to rural areas, supported by policies and modern technology such as the arrangement of temperature and humidity. Total production in urban areas reached 55,25 kg, while in rural areas, it was 23,8 kg. Feed becomes the primary determinant of This difference. In rural areas, constraints such as predator disturbance and dependence on natural conditions influence production results. Meanwhile​, quality urban nests​ are superior. This research provides recommendations for improving the management of SBW cultivation in rural areas through technology transfer, training, and optimal environment management. It can increase the productivity and income of SBW breeders in general and be sustainable.