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 Digital transformation in public service is an inevitable necessity in the era of modern governance. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the Smart Civil Registration System (Smart System Dukcapil) in digital administrative services in Palangka Raya City as part of the national e-government initiative and the strengthening of electronic-based governance. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, collecting data through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis of relevant regulations and the implementation of the system within the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Palangka Raya City.The findings indicate that the implementation of the Smart System Dukcapil through applications such as the Sistem Informasi Dukcapil Oloh Itah (SI-DOI) and Digital Population Identity (IKD) has significantly improved efficiency, transparency, and data accuracy in population administration services. These digital innovations have streamlined bureaucratic processes, minimized physical interaction, and enhanced public satisfaction with administrative services. However, the system’s effectiveness is still constrained by challenges such as limited internet infrastructure in peripheral areas, low digital literacy among citizens, and inadequate technical capacity among civil servants in operating digital systems optimally. Theoretically, the implementation of the Smart System Dukcapil reflects the realization of good governance and smart governance principles through the integration of technology, bureaucratic reform, and community participation. This study recommends strengthening human resource capacity, expanding digital infrastructure, and promoting continuous public education to ensure system sustainability. Consequently, digital population administration in Palangka Raya has the potential to become an innovative, inclusive, and adaptive model for regional public service governance.

The regional head election system is a long political journey decorated with the trappings of political elite interests and public will, central and regional interests. This research is a normative legal study, using a conceptual approach with literature study or document study techniques. The legal materials were processed through several processes, which were then analyzed qualitatively and normatively. The results of this study indicate: first, the direct election system in selecting Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads as a manifestation of people's sovereignty, increasing accountability, creating legitimate leaders, strengthening local democracy, providing wider choices to the community. Second, ideally the direct election system for Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads can be achieved with steps, namely quality elections that include high community participation in voting, honest and fair processes, intelligent voters; quality regional head candidates that include competence and integrity, clear vision and mission, inclusive representation; accountability and transparency that include effective supervision, budget and policy transparency; supporting conditions that include a strong legal framework, independent organizing institutions, a mature democratic culture; and recognition of local values.

This study explores the implementation of an electronic Human Resource Management System (e-SDM) in the Gubeng sub-district of Surabaya to optimize civil servant (PNS) leave management. The primary focus is on assessing how digitalization improves efficiency, transparency, accountability, and service quality in human resource administration, particularly in leave processing. Traditionally, manual procedures required 7-14 days to approve leave requests, involved multiple steps, manual calculations, and were prone to errors, delays, and lack of transparency. The introduction of the e-SDM system significantly reduces processing time to approximately one day, enabling online submission, real-time monitoring, and electronic approval accessible anytime and anywhere via smartphones. The system automatically calculates leaves balances and prevents over-application, ensuring data accuracy and reducing misuse. Besides operational efficiency, the system enhances transparency by providing accessible real-time status updates, creating an audit trail for each decision, and making the process auditable and accountable. Despite these advantages, challenges such as user resistance, digital literacy, infrastructure issues, and system integration remain. This research employs descriptive-analytical methods, combining interviews, observations, and documentation, to analyze the effectiveness of e-SDM implementation. The findings indicate that digitalization has streamlined leave management, minimized administrative burdens, and improved data accuracy. Moreover, it fosters a fairer and more transparent work environment, reinforcing good governance principles and supporting Surabaya's vision to become a smart city. The research underscores the importance of technological adaptation within bureaucratic reforms and offers strategic recommendations for further system improvements. Overall, the successful adoption of e-SDM in Gubeng serves as a model for digital transformation in public service delivery, contributing to more efficient, transparent, and accountable governance in local government institutions.

Digital transformation is reshaping the way economic value is created, exchanged, and governed across borders. This study aims to analyze how digital transformation redefines the paradigm of business law in the era of globalization, as well as the interaction between business law and global regulatory politics in responding to the challenges of the digital economy. A normative legal approach is employed, grounded in the analysis of digital business law regulations within the global political-economic system. Data is collected through literature review of statutory frameworks, international policy instruments, and scholarly works. The findings reveal that digital transformation not only changes how transactions are conducted, but also reconfigures the locus of economic power through the control of data, algorithms, and digital platform infrastructure. Consequently, the legal paradigm shifts from merely regulating market actors’ behavior to designing a digital justice architecture that emphasizes accountability, algorithmic transparency, interoperability, and contestability. At the global level, the interaction between business law and digital regulatory politics reflects ongoing tensions between market openness and data sovereignty producing regulatory pluralism while simultaneously encouraging convergence toward principles of fair, adaptive, and responsive digital governance. This study concludes that business law in the digital era must serve not only as a regulatoryinstrument governing transactions, but as an architect of the global economic order one that safeguards innovative growth without compromising market fairness and fundamental rights, while enabling the strengthening of adaptive national regulatory frameworks aligned with evolving global dynamics.

This study analyzes the mechanism of money creation in Islamic financial institutions by highlighting its relationship to the principle of prudence and the intermediation function. The research background is based on the growth of Indonesia's sharia capital market which by 2025 will reach a capitalization of IDR 5,060 trillion, but still faces conceptual challenges regarding how money is created according to the principles of maqashid al-shariah. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with PRISMA guidance on 38 relevant scientific articles. The results of the study show that money creation in the sharia system only occurs through real asset-based economic activities, in contrast to the conventional system that relies on credit and interest expansion. The intermediation function is carried out through partnerships that prioritize proportional sharing of risk and profit, while the prudential principle ensures that monetary expansion remains under control. In addition, research has found that sharia contracts such as murabahah, mudarabah, and musharakah play a role in encouraging productive money circulation while suppressing speculative activities. This study concludes that the integration between the moral and economic dimensions forms a just, stable, and sustainable Islamic monetary paradigm. These findings make a conceptual contribution to strengthening Islamic financial policy in Indonesia, especially in formulating a monetary regulatory framework that is in line with the principles of distributive justice, transparency, and protection of the stability of the national financial system.

This study aims to analyze the SWOT of the application of the Quick Response Indonesian Standard (QRIS) in deepening the understanding of financial management in micro business actors in the food sector in Tropodo, Sidoarjo. The method used is qualitative descriptive with case studies, through in-depth interviews with five business actors who have adopted QRIS. The data was analyzed using source triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of the study show that QRIS provides strength in the form of ease of transactions, automatic recording, cash flow transparency, and increased consumer competitiveness. Weaknesses that arise include delays in disbursement of funds, deduction fees, mixing business funds with personal funds, and lack of understanding of advanced features. From the external side, opportunities are reflected in the trend of cashless society, digital financial literacy, integration with supporting applications, and the expansion of the cashless payment ecosystem. Meanwhile, threats include network disruptions, security risks, reliance on service providers, and potential data leaks. Overall, QRIS not only acts as a means of payment, but also as a strategic instrument for MSME financial governance. Therefore, it is important to increase financial literacy and infrastructure support so that the benefits of QRIS can be optimized.

The development of digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed the paradigm of urban development towards the concept of a smart city based on data and connectivity. This study analyzes the nature of smart cities through three dimensions of the philosophy of science: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. From an ontological perspective, a smart city is understood as a complex entity consisting of physical, digital, social, and ecological systems that interact with each other to create efficient and adaptive urban governance. Epistemologically, knowledge in a smart city is obtained through the process of collecting, processing, and analyzing data from various IoT devices, sensors, and citizen participation, thereby producing new insights that support evidence-based decision-making (data-driven governance). From an axiological perspective, a smart city has ethical values and goals to improve the quality of life of its citizens, strengthen government transparency, maintain environmental sustainability, and promote inclusive social participation. Thus, this study asserts that the development of a smart city is not only technological but also has a philosophical foundation oriented towards a balance between efficiency, humanity, and sustainability.

This research aims to design and build a web-based New Student Admission Information System (PPDB) at Marawang State Elementary School. This system was developed as a solution to improve efficiency, transparency, and accuracy in the process of admitting new students. By utilizing web-based technology, prospective students and parents can register online, upload required documents, and monitor registration status in real-time. The school has the convenience of verifying data, managing information, and generating admission reports automatically. Data security is an important aspect of this system, so it is designed with personal information protection features to maintain the confidentiality of students. The system development method is carried out through a web-based approach that allows flexible access from a variety of devices. The results of the study show that the web-based PPDB system is able to speed up the administration process, reduce manual errors, and increase user satisfaction. The implementation of this system not only provides benefits for Marawang State Elementary School, but can also be used as a model for other schools in adopting a similar information system. Thus, the web-based PPDB system contributes to the modernization of basic education management and supports the creation of more effective and transparent educational services.

This article examines the operational management model of villages in Garut Regency, West Java, by emphasizing four key dimensions: governance, digital innovation, community participation, and the optimization of local resources. The study explores how the integration of participatory governance, technological innovation, and local potential can strengthen the effectiveness of village development and build an adaptive, sustainable governance system in the era of digital transformation. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, the research analyzes scientific publications and policy documents sourced from international databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, as well as national references including the 2025–2030 Garut Regency Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) and reports from the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration. From an initial pool of 126 publications, 32 primary sources were examined through thematic coding to identify patterns, relationships, and key insights related to village governance, multi-actor collaboration, and public service digitalization. The findings reveal that good governance enhances transparency and accountability, digital innovation improves efficiency and data-driven decision-making, community participation strengthens social legitimacy, and the optimization of local resources supports sustainable economic value creation. These elements form the “Integrative Operational Management Model for Garut Villages,” which emphasizes adaptive collaboration and data-based management. The study also proposes practical strategies related to digital capacity-building, participatory planning, and applied research.

The employee leave application information system is a digital solution designed to simplify the process of submitting, approving, and managing leave within an institution. This internship project resulted in the development of a system called SiCuti, which was built using the Laravel framework with a MySQL database. The system provides two main roles: employees and administrators/supervisors. Employees can apply for leave according to their entitlements, such as annual leave with a maximum of 12 working days, maternity leave for 3 months, pilgrimage leave (Hajj) which can be taken once during their service period, as well as special leave for important reasons such as marriage or the death of an immediate family member, typically lasting 1–3 days. When applying, employees may also upload supporting documents and monitor the status of their applications through the leave status menu.Administrators or supervisors have broader authority, including reviewing the list of leave requests, approving or rejecting applications, and managing employee leave quotas to ensure compliance with regulations. In addition, administrators can track the complete leave history of employees through an integrated dashboard. This feature supports faster, more transparent, and accountable decision-making processes.The results of local testing indicate that SiCuti has the potential to increase efficiency in administrative leave processes that were previously carried out manually, making them faster, more transparent, and more structured. The interactive dashboard design also facilitates monitoring from both employees and administrators. With the implementation of SiCuti, it is expected that the leave management process can reduce the risk of human error, ensure data accuracy, and support transparency and accountability in human resource management once the system is fully deployed within the institution.

This study aims to describe how the use of Islamic banking services contributes to enhancing shariah financial inclusion among students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach involving eight student informants from various faculties selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and documentation during May-July 2025. Data analysis followed the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing in an interactive manner. The findings indicate that most students understand the basic principles of Islamic finance (prohibition of riba, profit-sharing, clarity of contracts, and transparency), although financial literacy is not evenly distributed. Experiences in using Islamic banking services were generally positive, with account opening procedures and contractual clarity being well appreciated.

This abstract summarizes the innovation in land administration services through the implementation of Electronic Land Rights Certificates (e-Certificates) by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN). The policy responds to persistent challenges in conventional land certificate services, including lengthy bureaucratic procedures, limited transparency, and risks of document duplication and forgery. The study focuses on the implementation of e-Certificate services at the Surabaya City Land Office II, aiming to analyze the effectiveness of the innovation, supporting and inhibiting factors, and its impact on public service quality. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, utilizing Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation theory (1971) with five key indicators: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. Data collection methods include document analysis, in-depth interviews, and field observation. Findings indicate that the e-Certificate provides significant benefits, such as time efficiency, enhanced data security, and improved transparency. The innovation also aligns with national priorities for digital transformation and bureaucratic reform. However, notable complexity persists due to limited digital literacy among the public and adaptation challenges faced by employees. Limited-scope pilot implementation supports iterative system improvements, while observable outcomes include accelerated services and increased public trust. Key enabling factors consist of strong national policy support, advanced digital infrastructure in Surabaya, and organizational commitment. Conversely, constraints include limited human resources, resistance to organizational change, and data security concerns. Overall, the e-Certificate innovation at the Surabaya City Land Office II has generated new public value through faster, more efficient, and accountable services, establishing a model for advancing digital transformation in land administration across Indonesia.

The death of Diplomat Arya Daru has opened up a space for reflection on the extent to which the state has fulfilled its investigative obligations to guarantee the right to life and the right to truth, as fundamental human rights. The delay and secrecy of the investigation indicate institutional accountability issues and weak mechanisms for protecting the rights of victims and their families. This study uses a doctrinal legal approach to examine the state's position through the perspectives of positive obligations theory and distributive justice, which emphasize the state's active obligation to protect, disclose, and restore citizens' basic rights. The analysis shows that the lack of transparency in the investigative process not only violates the principle of justice but also reflects inequality in the distribution of legal protection. The state should ensure that justice does not stop at the formal level but is realized through transparent, independent investigations based on factual truth. In the context of human rights, the state's passive attitude towards alleged violations of the right to life can be interpreted as a denial of its constitutional and moral responsibilities. This study emphasizes that fulfilling the right to truth is an integral part of distributive justice and is non-negotiable. Thus, the Arya Daru case is an important indicator for assessing the state's seriousness in realizing a legal system that is just, accountable and oriented towards respecting human dignity.

Digital transformation in higher education requires an information system that is able to manage academic processes effectively, including the management of students' final projects. At Stella Maris University Sumba, the process of registering titles, guidance, and archiving of final projects is still carried out manually, causing various obstacles, such as administrative delays, difficulties in monitoring the progress of guidance, and the risk of data loss. This research aims to design and implement a web-based information system that supports the process of submitting titles, guidance management, uploading documents, and storing final project archives in the form of a digital data bank. The development method used is a software engineering approach with the stages of needs analysis, designing using UML, implementation, and system testing. The system is built with a three-layer architecture that features document management and role-based access control to ensure data security and integrity. The results of the black-box test showed that all system functions were running as needed, while the usability evaluation using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire resulted in a score that indicated the system was feasible to use. The implementation of this system has been proven to increase administrative efficiency, simplify the guidance process, and provide a structured thesis repository that supports academic transparency and accountability. Thus, this information system is expected to be a sustainable solution in the management of final projects as well as a model for the development of academic digitalization in higher education.

This research aims to design and build a public service information system in Kadi Village, Tambolaka City District, that can improve service quality and ease public access to information. This system is expected to accelerate administrative processes and data management, as well as facilitate interaction between the village government and its residents. The method used in developing this system is a development research (R&D) method that combines needs analysis, system design, and web-based software implementation. This information system is designed with key features such as service registration, application submission, application status checking, and efficient village administrative data management. The result of this research is a user-friendly application, accessible to the public via mobile and desktop devices, that supports transparency and accountability in public services at the village level. It is hoped that this system will make public services in Kadi Village more effective, efficient, and responsive to community needs.

This study is motivated by the importance of implementing School-Based Management (SBM) as a decentralization strategy in education to enhance management effectiveness and improve the quality of learning in public elementary schools. Many schools still face challenges such as low teacher performance, limited community participation, and weak transparency and accountability in educational management. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of SBM principles in improving teacher performance and the quality of learning at the elementary school level. The research method employed is qualitative with a descriptive approach, based on a literature review drawn from various scholarly journals, books, and official documents relevant to SBM, teacher performance, and learning quality. The results show that SBM plays a crucial role in strengthening school autonomy, increasing stakeholder participation, and fostering transparent and accountable management systems. Through democratic school leadership and a collaborative work culture, SBM enhances teacher professionalism and encourages innovation in the learning process. Therefore, SBM proves to be an effective approach to achieving sustainable improvement in the quality of elementary education.

This research seeks to examine the incorporation of information technology in educational data management as a tactic to improve public service accountability in Sidoarjo Regency. The context of this study stems from the regional government’s requirement to enhance educational data management systems that are still only partially integrated and lack transparency for making decisions based on evidence. By implementing interconnected digital educational systems, Sidoarjo aims to create effective, transparent, and performance-driven governance. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, this study included participants from the Department of Education and Culture, school administrators, data managers, digital system creators, and members of the community. Data were gathered through thorough interviews, observations, and examination of documents related to policies on educational digitalization. The results show that the incorporation of information technology has enhanced administrative efficiency, accuracy in reporting, and public access to educational data. Nonetheless, obstacles persist in digital literacy, uneven infrastructure across schools, and restricted coordination between agencies. The research emphasizes the significance of teamwork in leadership, clear processes, and community involvement in enhancing public accountability. Suggestions involve establishing a regional education data center and ongoing training initiatives for teachers to maintain thorough digital transformation within the Sidoarjo education framework

This study, entitled "Dynamics in Village Leadership (A Study of Village Apparatus Recruitment in Weseben Village, Malaka Regency)," aims to analyze the leadership style of village heads in the apparatus recruitment process, uncover the growing practices of patronage and clientelism, and examine their implications for the implementation of good governance principles at the village level. Theoretically, this research is based on village leadership theory, patronage-clientelism theory, and the concept of good governance, which emphasizes the values ​​of transparency, accountability, and public participation in village governance.The method used was a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with village heads, village officials, traditional leaders, members of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), and the community, and was supported by field observations and documentation studies. The results indicate that: (1) the leadership style of village heads in Weseben is dominant and personalistic, with the village head retaining full control over the apparatus recruitment process, (2) apparatus recruitment places greater emphasis on loyalty and personal closeness than on professional competence, (3) The practice of patronage and clientelism is strongly evident in the relationship between the village head as patron and village officials as clients, which is built through kinship ties and reciprocal interests, (4) decisions regarding the appointment of officials are often tinged with elements of nepotism and collusion to strengthen the village head's political support base, and (5) the recruitment system is not yet oriented towards the principle of a merit system, namely a selection system based on individual ability, achievement, and integrity, as implemented in professional governance.Thus, it can be concluded that the dynamics of village leadership in Weseben are still strongly influenced by the practice of patronage and clientelism, which hinders the realization of democratic, transparent, and accountable village governance.  

The implementation of online zakat payments by BAZNAS Jambi Province faced several challenges, including suboptimal use of the Simba application due to system errors. Additionally, there was a lack of public trust in online zakat payments, insufficient public literacy on the matter, and inadequate socialization and education from BAZNAS Jambi regarding the online payment process. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection via interviews. To optimize digital zakat management, BAZNAS Jambi implemented a strategy involving both their website and the SIMBA system, offering two digital payment options: transfers and QRIS codes. They also pursued partnerships with companies and promoted zakat payments through social media platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, Facebook, Google Ads, Meta Ads, as well as TVRI and RRI television. However, there were challenges, including human resource limitations at BAZNAS Jambi, which resulted in delays when verifying factual data. Additionally, high IT operational costs limited the effectiveness of SIMBA and the website. The coordination issues, including both functional and institutional coordination, were also identified as significant problems. To address these challenges, BAZNAS Jambi has been working on solutions such as community education, socializing zakat management with the public and local government agencies (OPDs), and improving internal coordination.         

Bureaucratic reform is an essential step in realizing a clean, accountable, professional, and transparent government. The 2020–2024 Bureaucratic Reform Road Map has emphasized the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform’s (Kementerian PANRB) efforts to establish a healthy bureaucracy through the strengthening of the merit system, performance management, and service digitalization. As providers of public services, Civil Servants (ASN) play a crucial role in ensuring professional public service delivery; therefore, an organized performance management system is required to achieve optimal bureaucratic reform. However, in practice, the performance management implemented by the Ministry still faces challenges, particularly concerning non-ASN personnel. This study aims to analyze the implementation of performance management in the process of structuring non-ASN personnel by the Ministry of PANRB as part of the national bureaucratic reform agenda. The research employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis based on literature review, legislation, and secondary data from official sources. The findings indicate that the policy of structuring non-ASN personnel, grounded in the principles of the merit system and performance management, has brought significant changes to human resource governance within government institutions. Nevertheless, its implementation still encounters challenges such as limited budget allocation, lack of integrated performance data, and uncertainty regarding the employment status and welfare of non-ASN employees. The digitalization efforts through the e-Kinerja system and national personnel data collection serve as strategic steps to enhance transparency and accountability in performance assessment. Thus, comprehensive performance management is expected to promote professionalism among public servants, improve organizational effectiveness, and realize an adaptive and integrity-based bureaucracy.