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The technical assessment project's major goals were to gain a comprehensive understanding of the integrity and capacity status of the justice sector in Nigeria. Nigeria's existing levels of access to justice, the promptness and caliber of justice delivery, the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, corruption, and public confidence in justice sector institutions were all examined in this study. In three pilot states, respondents were given pre-formulated questions intended to elicit their perceptions and experiences related to a particular day in court. Both narrative and graphic formats are used to present the interview results. The report presents key findings relating to the target groups' perceptions and experiences regarding the delivery of justice and the integrity of the justice system, and it identifies the underlying causes of the issues by drawing on and analyzing the data, paying particular attention to the reinforcing interdependencies of the various problems. The study, which is structured around 17 major findings, provides a thorough examination of the information acquired from the interviews. Based on the main conclusions, it offers comprehensive policy recommendations for judicial reform initiatives that will improve public trust in the legal system, increase the independence, fairness, and impartiality of the judiciary, improve accessibility to the courts, improve the efficiency of justice delivery, and reduce corruption in the legal system.

Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito in urban environments and Aedes albopictus in rural settings. This disease is endemic in many tropical and subtropical regions and is a significant public health concern due to its potentially severe clinical manifestations. This case study presents an 8-year-old boy who was admitted to the hospital with complaints of a high-grade fever lasting for approximately three days. The fever was intermittent and accompanied by chills, which raised suspicions of a viral infection. In addition to fever, the patient also experienced dizziness with a spinning sensation, occasional cough, and flatulence. A thorough clinical evaluation was conducted, including history taking, physical examination, and supporting laboratory tests. Based on the clinical findings and laboratory results, the patient was diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) grade I. DHF grade I is characterized by fever, positive tourniquet test, and evidence of plasma leakage without spontaneous bleeding. The patient was managed with supportive therapy, including fluid replacement and close monitoring of vital signs and hematocrit levels to prevent the progression to more severe stages of dengue. No significant complications occurred during the hospital stay. After a period of observation and clinical improvement, the patient was discharged in good condition. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and accurate diagnosis of DHF in pediatric patients, especially in endemic areas. Prompt and appropriate management is essential to prevent complications and ensure recovery. Continuous public health education and vector control remain key strategies in reducing dengue incidence and severity.

Degenerative diseases are a global health problem with increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia. This disease can cause serious complications in vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed through education and nutritional innovation. This community service program aims to provide education on molecular examinations for degenerative diseases and introduce the Watermelon Lemonade innovation as preventive nutrition. The activity was carried out in Dukuh Branglor, Mancasan Village, with the pre-test method, educational presentation, Q&A, product demonstration, and post-test. The results of the activity showed an increase in public knowledge about hypertension and its examination, as well as high enthusiasm for the Watermelon Lemonade innovation. Based on the results of the activity, it can be seen that molecular examinations can be used to diagnose hypertension through analysis of genetic biomarkers, proteins, and metabolites, and the Watermelon Lemonade innovation has the potential to help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The success of this program was shown by an increase in the average pre-test score of 58.46 to 86.67 in the post-test. The Wilcoxon test showed (p < 0.001), indicating a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results and proving an increase in participant understanding. The questionnaire results showed a high level of satisfaction from participants with the delivery of materials, product manufacturing demonstrations, and practical benefits that can be applied in everyday life. The Watermelon Lemonade innovation is not only useful as an alternative to preventing hypertension, but also has the potential to be further developed as a health product based on natural ingredients.

This study examines the level of political participation among the populace and highlights the importance of elections as a key component of a democratic system. Scholars widely acknowledge that involvement in electoral processes serves as a primary indicator of how well a country has embraced the principle of social equality within the international framework. The study employed a mixed-method approach, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The quantitative instrument used was the Political Participation Attitude Scale (PPAS), while qualitative data were collected through the Focus Group Guide on Political Participation (FGGPP). The research posed and addressed three core research questions. The findings reveal that 57% of respondents did not actively participate in political activities. Gender was found to influence levels of engagement; 30% of male respondents and 13% of female respondents reported active involvement in political activities, while 38% of males and 12% of females consistently participated in voting. Furthermore, the survey indicated that a majority of respondents (53%) lacked trust in their political leaders. Based on these findings, the study recommends that Nigeria urgently adopt both formal and informal political education strategies to enhance civic awareness and participation. Additionally, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is encouraged to develop mechanisms that will ensure broader voter turnout in the upcoming 2015 general elections.

The study looks at fiscal federalism, which is the distribution of resources between federating entities so that they can carry out their constitutional duties. The goal of this study was to identify the fundamental imperatives of fiscal federalism for the advancement of the country. In Nigeria's new democratic environment, the relative roles of the federal government, state governments, and local government authority (LGAs) in providing public services have become one of the most crucial subjects of candid and heated discussion. Federalism, fiscal federalism, and development were conceptually explained from the outset, and it became clear that the principles of fiscal autonomy and integrity are critical to the survival and ongoing existence of a properly federating form of government. In order to ascertain how the federal arrangements affect the provision of basic services in four crucial areas, the analysis will make use of fieldwork conducted in six states and twelve LGAs. primary health care, primary education, clean water and sanitation, and local roads that connect communities to marketplaces, schools, and medical facilities. The paper, which was based on Buchan Fiscal Residuum Theory, attempted to accomplish the study's goal by balancing the value of the public services returned to individuals with the payments paid. According to the article, the conflicting problems and difficulties of fiscal federalism may manifest as a misalignment between the functions of the different levels of government and the sources of money. According to the paper's conclusion and recommendations, it is important to make sure that revenue allocation encourages state and local governments to increase internal revenue generation rather than relying only on funding from In order to clearly define the duties to be carried out by each level of government, the federation account and intergovernmental relations issues should be examined and respected.

This study uses a qualitative methodology and secondary source data to investigate election cheating and its impact on Nigeria's democratic consolidation. It will be examined using historical and content analysis. examination. Nigerian democracy's progress has been severely hampered by election tampering. According to the report, e-election holds enormous promise and might be the solution to voter fraud in Nigeria's electoral system provided it is properly deployed and funded. It starts by looking at the constitutional, legal, and theoretical underpinnings of electronic voting. Second, it examines the real-world obstacles to the adoption and deployment of an electronic voting system in Nigeria by learning from other countries. Nigeria's elections have fallen short of expectations thus far because of a variety of electoral manipulations that have prevented the nation from holding legitimate, free, and fair elections within her political system. In addition to undermining Nigeria's democratic consolidation, election cheating has breached the fundamental human right (right to lives) of a large number of Nigerians. This essay offers some crucial suggestions that could solve the issues of election tampering and explain how those actions can support the need for a democratic atmosphere,

This study uses a qualitative methodology and secondary source data to investigate election cheating and its impact on Nigeria's democratic consolidation. It will be examined using historical and content analysis. examination. Nigerian democracy's progress has been severely hampered by election tampering. According to the report, e-election holds enormous promise and might be the solution to voter fraud in Nigeria's electoral system provided it is properly deployed and funded. It starts by looking at the constitutional, legal, and theoretical underpinnings of electronic voting. Second, it examines the real-world obstacles to the adoption and deployment of an electronic voting system in Nigeria by learning from other countries. Nigeria's elections have fallen short of expectations thus far because of a variety of electoral manipulations that have prevented the nation from holding legitimate, free, and fair elections within her political system. In addition to undermining Nigeria's democratic consolidation, election cheating has breached the fundamental human right (right to lives) of a large number of Nigerians. This essay offers some crucial suggestions that could solve the issues of election tampering and explain how those actions can support the need for a democratic atmosphere, which is a need for free and fair elections.

Illegal trafficking of protected wildlife is an activity that is a threat to the survival of wildlife, Illegal trafficking categorized as a crime against wildlife includes: intentionally capturing, storing, possessing, maintaining, transporting and trading protected animals in a living condition. The problem in this thesis is what is the basis for the judge's legal considerations in passing a verdict against the perpetrator of the crime of trafficking in protected wildlife of the Siamang species in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla? is the judge's decision in imposing the sentence in accordance with substantive justice?, The research method used is normative and empirical juridical, The data used is primary and secondary data, data collection with literature studies and interviews. While data processing through the stages of data examination, data selection, data classification, and data systematization. The data that has been presented in the form of a description, discussed and analyzed descriptively qualitatively, to then draw conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the consideration of the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla in deciding the criminal case of trade in protected wildlife species of siamang, the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla related to the criminal act of trade in siamang species of wildlife considered the legal, sociological, and philosophical aspects according to Ahmad Rifai's theory. The legal aspect includes the sufficiency of evidence and the fulfillment of the elements of Article 40 Paragraph 2 in conjunction with Article 21 Paragraph 2 of Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Sociologically, the judge sees the impact of the defendant's actions on society and the environment. From a philosophical perspective, punishment is seen not as revenge, but an effort to educate the defendant not to repeat his actions. Finally, the judge sentenced him to 1 year and 4 months in prison and a fine of Rp25,000,000, subsidiary to 1 month in prison if the fine is not paid. The suggestion is that the government, law enforcement and stakeholders are expected to increase education to the community, especially around national parks/protected forests, not to trade in protected animals. This is important to prevent similar crimes and maintain the existence of protected animals in their habitat.    

The use of video media in clinical skills education has been implemented at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang (UNIMUS) since 2019, particularly to enhance students’ understanding and skills in neuromotor physical examination. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based teaching compared to conventional methods in clinical skills learning. A quantitative descriptive method with univariate analysis was used on 138 students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected from Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) scores and analyzed using a total sampling technique. The results showed that students who received video-based learning had significantly higher average OSCE scores (93.33 ± 8.918 SD in Block 1) than those who were taught without video media (68.12 ± 15.58 SD in Block 3). In Block 1, 98.6% of the students achieved the “excellent” score category, while only 26.1% of students in Block 3 reached the same level. These findings indicate that the use of teaching videos significantly improves students’ clinical skills and helps overcome the limitations of conventional methods, which tend to promote passive learning. Therefore, the implementation of video-based teaching media can be an effective method to improve the quality of clinical skills education, encourage active student participation, and support the achievement of optimal competencies in medical education. This approach not only enhances skill acquisition but also contributes to more engaging and student-centered learning experiences in the clinical education environment.

Current water safety issues in society are very diverse. Water quality safety issues are closely related to the bioethics of water testing, because water testing involves protecting human health and the environment. Water quality testing is an important part of ensuring that the water consumed is safe for human health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of bioethical principles in water quality testing (Pb and Cd). This study was conducted in March 2025 at the UPT Food Security Laboratory of Medan City. The data analysis used in this study used qualitative descriptive methods to see the pattern of observation responses. The results of the study showed that in the bioethical aspect of sample testing, analysts who conducted the testing had implemented bioethics or SOPs that apply in food quality and safety testing laboratories. In conducting water testing for lead and cadmium examination, the procedures used were in accordance with applicable requirements using testing procedures from SNI (Indonesian National Standard).

The transformation of Indonesia’s educational evaluation system from the National Examination (UN) to the National Assessment (AN) is intended to improve education quality through a more comprehensive approach. This study examines the implementation of the National Assessment at SMA Negeri 21 Medan, with a focus on the disparity between the theoretical framework of formative assessment and its practical execution in the field. The research utilizes the discrepancy evaluation model with a qualitative methodology. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), participatory observations, and document analysis.The findings reveal that although the National Assessment is designed as a formative evaluation, in practice, it is still regarded as a summative assessment disconnected from the learning process. The execution of the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) continues to be dominated by multiple-choice questions, restricting the comprehensive evaluation of competencies. Moreover, the use of assessment results for educational enhancement remains suboptimal due to reporting delays and the insufficiently diagnostic format of the reports. Key supporting factors for implementation include strong school leadership, adequate infrastructure, and collaboration among schools. However, several obstacles persist, such as a limited conceptual grasp, inadequate teacher training, and administrative and curricular constraints. This study suggests reinforcing teachers’ conceptual understanding, enhancing the feedback system for assessment outcomes, and fostering deeper integration of formative assessment principles into school learning strategies. By doing so, the National Assessment can be more effectively leveraged to improve the quality of education in Indonesia.

The local government management system is expected to focus on increasing accountability and, at the same time, improving civil servant performance that is oriented toward outcomes. This research aims to conduct a bibliometric examination of local government civil servant performance. This study analyzed 439 articles published from 2013 until July 2022 in the Scopus database on civil servant performance in government. The VosViewer program was utilized in the process of analyzing to find results on the most contributing authors, the number of citations, areas, organizations, publications, and co-occurrences of keywords. These results could create new gaps in the research that will be conducted in the future. The result shows civil servant performance relies on appraisal and work environment improvement. A conducive environment fosters mutual assistance, open communication, and conflict resolution, ultimately improving employee performance and fostering better relationships. Also, performance analysis is crucial for public administration and the public sector.

Background: Hypertension in pregnant women in the third trimester is a serious health problem that can have a negative impact on the mother and fetus. The main contributing risk factors are Body Mass Index (BMI) and urine protein levels. This study aims to analyze the relationship between BMI and urine protein to the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women in the third trimester at the Marlianti Clinic, East Aceh.Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample was pregnant women in the third trimester who underwent pregnancy check-ups. Data were collected through BMI measurements and urine protein examinations, then analyzed using bivariate tests.Results: Of the 48 pregnant women with hypertension, 81.3% had a BMI ≥25 compared to 41.7% in the control group. The analysis showed a significant relationship between obesity and hypertension (p < 0.001, OR = 6.0; 95% CI: 2.407-15.291). In addition, 70.8% of mothers with hypertension had positive urine protein compared to 33.3% in the control group (p = 0.001, OR = 4.8; 95% CI: 2.046-11.531).Conclusion: BMI and urine protein levels are significantly associated with hypertension in pregnant women in the third trimester. Monitoring BMI and urine protein is important for the prevention and early treatment of gestational hypertension.

The release of medical information is the process of disclosing or sharing information about a patient's health condition, medical history, or medical examination results with other parties. Due to the sensitive nature of the information contained in medical records, healthcare providers are obligated to ensure that all information is appropriately accountable. This study aims to explore the work activities of medical record officers and health information management in the process of releasing medical information to insurance parties at Tarakan Regional General Hospital (RSUD Tarakan). This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach by explaining the results of interviews regarding the work activities of medical record officers and health information management in the process of releasing medical information to insurance parties. RSUD Tarakan already has standard operating procedures related to the release of medical information, both to insurance parties that cooperate and to those that do not cooperate. In the work activities of the officers, the stages of data collection for insurance types, the request flow stage, data collection stage, data processing stage, and data presentation stage involve the insurance services and fundraising departments in the release process for cooperating insurance parties. Meanwhile, the medical records department and the information department are only involved in the release of medical information to non-cooperating insurance parties. The challenges in releasing medical information to non-cooperating insurance parties include the lack of requirements provided by patients, as they are often unaware of the necessary documents and the process for requesting the release of medical information, which can cause delays in the process.

The objective of this project is to develop cost-effective antenna systems. The study utilized AutoCAD 2006 for data analysis and visualization. This article provides a detailed examination of various antenna systems, including cable/wire, log-periodic, array, helical, and aperture antennas. The research also explores several parameters related to antenna systems, such as effective length, antenna gain and directivity, active aperture, bandwidth, polarization, input impedance, power gain, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern, and radiation intensity. The main goal is to identify the challenges in designing cost-effective antenna systems for reliable communication. These challenges include design issues, contract management difficulties, fluctuating material prices, inaccurate estimations, limited wireless communication technology, and financial constraints. The study examines a wavelength range from 16.7 to 120, corresponding to distances from 10,000 km to 120,000 km. The findings show that at a frequency of 600 MHz, a wavelength of 16.7 units covered a distance of 10,000 km. Similarly, at 750 MHz, a wavelength of 53.3 units covered 40,000 km, and at 850 MHz, a wavelength of 94.1 units spanned 80 km. At 1000 MHz, a wavelength of 120 units covered 120,000 km. This study offers valuable insights into the design of cost-effective antenna systems and provides an understanding of the factors that influence their performance in practical communication scenarios.  

Pregnancy anemia is a medical condition that occurs when a pregnant woman experiences a lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin in her blood during pregnancy. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and returning carbon dioxide to the lungs to be released. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, age, education and nutritional status with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in Soppeng district in 2024. The study design used Cross Sectional. Pregnant women at La Temmamala Hospital were 50 people. Based on the results of the Chi-square statistical test, the p Value = 0.273> α = 0.05 was obtained, so H0 was accepted and Ha was rejected, thus it can be concluded that there is no relationship between knowledge and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at La Temmamala Hospital, Soppeng Regency. Based on the results of the Fisher's Exact Test statistical test, the p Value = 1,000 > α = 0.05 was obtained, so H0 was accepted and Ha was rejected, thus it can be concluded that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at La Temmamala Hospital, Soppeng Regency. Based on the results of the Fisher's Exact Test statistical test, the p Value = 1,000 > α = 0.05 was obtained, so H0 was accepted and Ha was rejected, thus it can be concluded that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at La Temmamala Hospital, Soppeng Regency.m Based on the results of the Chi-square statistical test, the p Value = 0.000 <α = 0.05 was obtained, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at La Temmamala Hospital, Soppeng Regency. For the author as information on the importance of mother's knowledge about For the author as information on the importance of mother's knowledge about the importance of ANC examination. For the government in general to optimize the dissemination of information about the importance of conducting pregnancy examinations

Background: Early detection of cervical cancer includes an IVA examination or Pap smear. This test is used to identify cervical cancer and in Islam it is also recommended to maintain (hifdz an-nafsa), namely maintaining reproductive health related to offspring (hifdz an-nasl). The aim of this research is to determine the effect of sharia-based audiovisual education on knowledge, behavior and attitudes towards preventing cervical cancer. Purpose: to determine the effect of sharia-based audiovisual education on knowledge, behavior and attitudes towards preventing cervical cancer. Method: This type of research uses quantitative with a quasi-experimental research design in the form of one-group without control and this research uses an accidental sampling technique with 41 respondents. Data was taken before and after the intervention was given and then analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results of the Wilcoxon test research showed that z knowledge calculation was -5.667, behavior -4.583, and attitude calculation -5.831 with an asym.sig value of 0.000. This shows that the p value <0.05 was a difference after the pre-test and post-test of providing audiovisual education. Conclision : There is an influence of providing audiovisual education on knowledge, behavior, attitudes, prevention of cervical cancer with early detection in the working area of ​​the Tlogosari Kulon Health Center, Semarang.

Bronchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that affects the bronchi and alveoli, usually starting in the terminal bronchioles. The terminal bronchioles become blocked with mucopurulent exudate forming patches of consolidation in adjacent lobules. 95% of pneumonia cases in children occur in developing countries. According to WHO estimates, the infant mortality rate due to pneumonia in developing countries is 40 out of 1000 live births or around 15-20% per year. A 5-year-old boy was brought to the Emergency Room of Cut Meutia Hospital with complaints of shortness of breath since 3 days before admission accompanied by a cough with phlegm and fever. The results of a physical examination of the thorax found nasal flaring breathing, chest wall retraction, and rhonchi (+/+). Based on laboratory tests, there was an increase in leukocytes, then a chest X-ray showed an impression of infiltration in the perihilar and paracardial. Based on history, physical examination, and supporting examinations, the patient was diagnosed with Bronchopneumonia. Non-medical management is done through bed rest, balanced nutrition, and adequate fluid balance. Then the patient's medical management is in the form of Cefotaxime injection 500 mg/12 hours, symptomatic management and supportive management for the bronchopneumonia..

This Community Service (PkM) activity is intended to solve problems that exist in certain community groups in adulthood. Hypertension can result in dangerous diseases such as heart disease and stroke if not treated in the long term. The PkM team provides education to provide solutions. The PkM activity implementation team collaborates with the local village government. The method used in this activity is counseling on hypertension from a team of nursing lecturers and nursing students during Field Learning Practice starting from anthropometric examination activities, blood pressure, blood sugar supplemented by interviews with the community. The respondents used in this educational activity were 35 people. The output of the PkM that has been implemented is in the form of reports and publications of articles so that they can be accessed by all parties who need related articles.

Globally, cervical cancer was the fourth most common cancer among women, with low screening coverage contributing to the high number of cases diagnosed at an advanced stage. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing women's compliance with cervical cancer screening through IVA or Pap smear examinations. The research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 112 respondents, selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive frequency tests, chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression analysis.The results showed a significant relationship between several factors and women's compliance with early cervical cancer detection, including age (p=0.000), occupation (p=0.002), the number of children born (parity) (p=0.000), general health condition (p=0.018), distance to healthcare facilities (p=0.006), level of knowledge (p=0.021), family support (p=0.011), and the role of healthcare workers (p=0.000). However, education (p=0.104) did not show a significant relationship. Based on the multiple logistic regression analysis, the most influential factor affecting women's compliance with early cervical cancer detection was age (p=0.045).