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Hypertension is a growing health problem, especially among the elderly and low-educated communities. Hypertension continues to emerge as a critical public health challenge, with increasing incidence and uneven impact, particularly affecting the elderly population and low-educated communities. In response to this situation, a community-based study was conducted in Plumpung Hamlet, Galengdowo Village, with the main objective of increasing residents' knowledge and awareness of primary prevention strategies and self-management of hypertension. The intervention method applied was multimodal, including interactive health lectures, distribution of leaflets designed with easy-to-understand language and clear visuals, and provision of free blood pressure checks that served as a screening tool and immediate awareness. This research design used a participatory approach with pre-test and post-test instruments to measure quantitative changes in participants' understanding, accompanied by blood pressure monitoring activities to evaluate the impact of education on physical health indicators. The evaluation results showed the program's significant success, marked by a 57.69% increase in comprehension scores between the pre-test and post-test sessions, while also showing an improvement trend in the blood pressure values of most participants after completing the entire education series. These findings clearly affirm the fundamental role of sustainable and accessible health education as an effective community-based intervention to mitigate hypertension risk factors and ultimately improve holistic quality of life. The implications of this study highlight the urgency of implementing regular, structured, and targeted education programs, especially those targeting the most vulnerable demographic groups, as a long-term health investment to prevent morbidity and complications from hypertension.  

This study examines the phenomenon of hoax news dissemination through the social media platform TikTok and its impact on Generation Z in Tanjung Pinang. The background of this research is based on the increasing intensity of TikTok usage among young people, making the platform not only a source of entertainment but also an alternative channel of information. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, using in-depth interviews with ten respondents selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that although most members of Generation Z are aware of hoaxes, their ability to verify information remains limited, making them easily influenced by provocative viral content. The most common hoaxes encountered are related to political, health, and social issues, which may lead to public unrest and shape public perception. This study highlights the importance of digital literacy as the main defense against the flood of information in the new media era, as well as the need for collaboration among government, educational institutions, and society to strengthen critical awareness in the use of social media.

Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that results in the sudden cessation of heart function, leading to more than 7 million deaths worldwide annually. In Indonesia, its prevalence is not well-documented. Ischemic heart disease is the primary cause, with other risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and smoking also contributing. Clinical signs include loss of responsiveness, impaired breathing, and the absence of a pulse. Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, electrocardiography, laboratory tests, and imaging to determine the underlying cause. Treatment follows the 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, starting with basic life support (BLS), followed by Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). ACLS includes high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early defibrillation for shockable rhythms, epinephrine administration, and airway management through intubation. Once Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC) is achieved, post-cardiac arrest care is crucial, including hemodynamic stabilization, Targeted Temperature Management (TTM), and critical care to prevent recurrence and neurological damage. A clear understanding of cardiac arrest's diagnosis, risk factors, and management is vital for reducing mortality. Adherence to AHA guidelines, especially rapid resuscitation, improves survival rates, making continuous CPR education essential for healthcare providers and the public.

BPJS Health experienced losses due to stopped payment of contributions for participants who had utilized delivery services of more than 200 billion in a period of 2 years. It was recorded that 64.7% of mothers who were about to give birth registered as participants a month before giving birth and then stopped (43%) or behaved in adverse selection in payments after delivery. The largest percentage comes from independent participants or Non-Wage Recipient Participants (PBPU). In Jambi Province, non-compliance in paying BPJS Health contributions is highest in Jambi City. It was recorded that 77,489 participants were in arrears in 2021, resulting in losses of 60.1 billion. Non-compliance with paying contributions is adverse selection behavior. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors causing adverse selection behavior among independent participants in paying post-natal JKN contributions in Jambi City.  Quantitative study approach with a cross-sectional design carried out in Jambi City. Respondents totaling 96 people were selected based on accidental sampling technique. The study instrument is a questionnaire. Data analysis consists of univariate analysis stages and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The study results found that as many as 33.3% of independent participants behaved in adverse selection when paying JKN contributions after giving birth. There is a significant relationship between the factors number of family members (p=0.001), knowledge (0.000), perception of illness (p=0.001), clinical assessment (p=0.000), and willingness to pay (WTP) with adverse selection behavior in independent JKN participants postpartum. It is recommended that BPJS Health consider implementing a waiting period method for participants who will utilize maternity services. As well as increasing promotive activities for the Jambi City Government in educating and increasing public awareness about the importance of health insurance in protecting household finances.

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that grows in the cervix caused by infection with the Human Papilloma Virus, acquired through sexual intercourse. Indonesia ranks 8th in the highest incidence of cancer in Southeast Asia, the highest prevalence of cancer is Yogyakarta Province where Sleman Regency ranks the highest IVA positive at 2.5% and Halis IVA at the Pakem Health Center is suspected of cervical cancer reaching 13 out of 22 positive IVA results. This achievement is still very low, because there is still low public awareness to carry out early detection of cervical cancer. To determine the relationship between attitude and behavior for early detection of cervical cancer. Quantitative research with a Case Control approach. A sample of 160 women with a proportional sampling technique. Data collection was in the form of filling out questionnaires online using Google Forms with chi square test data analysis and logistic regression. There was a relationship between positive attitude p-value=0.017 and OR of 3.462, women aged >35 years p- value=0.038, multipara parity p-value=0.007, with early detection behavior of cervical cancer. Parity provided a great chance of 7,038 times that women performed early detection behaviors of cervical cancer (CT 95%= 0.187-264,350). To improve early detection examinations, health workers can design health education and promotion models, increase educational socialization to cadres, the public and the community continuously and sustainably.

Counseling on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in schools is an important step in instilling the habit of maintaining personal hygiene from an early age. This Real Work Lecture program is carried out with the aim of increasing students' understanding and awareness of the importance of PHBS, especially through the habit of washing hands with soap and brushing their teeth in the right way. The activity took place at the Sait Buttu Saribu Village Development Private Junior High School, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency, using counseling, demonstration, and direct practice methods. This program involved six students, two acted as presenters and four others as companions, as well as all grade IX students as participants. In addition to providing materials and practices, this activity also encourages active participation of students through question and answer sessions and discussions on the importance of maintaining personal health and the surrounding environment. With direct involvement, students not only understand theory, but are also able to apply clean and healthy behaviors in daily life. The results of the activity showed that students were able to re-practice the material given, including the stages of washing hands and brushing their teeth correctly. It is hoped that through this activity, students can implement PHBS in a sustainable manner at school and at home, as well as become an example in encouraging a healthy living culture in the surrounding environment. This program is also expected to make a positive contribution to improving the quality of public health in general through healthy living habits from school age.

Stunting, a major public health issue, is often caused by prolonged nutritional deficiencies during early life. Research shows that maternal nutritional status before conception plays a crucial role in child growth outcomes, but this phase is often overlooked in stunting prevention. The pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is a key indicator of maternal nutrition and may influence a child's linear growth. This study aimed to explore the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and stunting in children under five years old in the Soasio Primary Health Center, Tidore Islands City. A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted with 50 mother-child pairs selected via total sampling. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was obtained from health records, while child stunting was assessed using height-for-age or length-for-age Z-scores based on WHO growth standards. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The results revealed a significant correlation between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child stunting. Children born to underweight mothers were more likely to experience stunting compared to those born to mothers with a normal BMI. No significant correlation was found between overweight or obesity and stunting. The study concludes that maternal undernutrition before pregnancy is strongly linked to stunting and highlights the need for better nutritional screening and interventions for women of reproductive age.

Background: Obesity has become a global epidemic, with substantial implications for musculoskeletal health, particularly in weight-bearing joints like the knee and ankle. Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity with respect to age and gender and to assess its effect on the knee and ankle joints among adults in Ekpoma, Edo State. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 60 obese adults was conducted using a structured, validated questionnaire. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Results: Respondents were predominantly aged 40–45 years (35%) and female (80%). 65% reported pain in the knee and/or ankle joints; 56.7% reported joint stiffness or reduced range of motion. Conclusion: Obesity significantly affects the knee and ankle joints, contributing to pain, stiffness, and a reduced range of motion. These results reinforce the need for targeted public health interventions aimed at obesity prevention and management, particularly in populations at risk of joint-related complications.

Child abuse is a significant public health problem with long-lasting impacts on the physical, emotional, and psychological growth of children. Perception and awareness of child abuse among women in Okabere Community, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, were examined. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used, and the data were collected from 133 women using a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that 82% of the respondents were aware of child abuse, and 62.4% quoted schools and 20.3% places of worship as sources of information. Most were aware of sexual (28.6%) and physical abuse (21.8%) more than emotional abuse (17.3%) and neglect (14.3%). Perception was influenced by socio-cultural as well as economic influences because 60.2% quoted cultural beliefs and 80.5% blamed poverty for abuse. While almost all of the participants agreed that child abuse was a serious issue (80.5%), only 47.4% engaged in prevention activities. Community education, culturally targeted interventions, and women's empowerment are urgently needed for the prevention of child abuse in rural areas, as the study suggests.

This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) by raising public awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle. The program was conducted in Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, involving 30 participants from the local community. The activities included health screenings such as blood glucose measurement, blood pressure monitoring, and uric acid level testing, as well as health education on adopting a healthy lifestyle, including balanced nutrition and regular physical exercise. Through this initiative, participants gained a better understanding of how to maintain their health and prevent non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and uric acid disorders. The health screening results indicated that some participants had elevated blood glucose and blood pressure levels, highlighting the need for further intervention through education and lifestyle modifications. Increased awareness was evident from participants' enthusiasm during the health education sessions and interactive discussions with the facilitators. Overall, this program successfully enhanced community knowledge and awareness regarding the importance of a healthy lifestyle while also providing a concrete initial step through early health screenings. It is hoped that this program serves as a starting point for fostering a healthier and more prosperous community in Pari Island, supporting the achievement of SDG No. 3.

Terminal sanitation plays a crucial role in creating a clean, safe, and comfortable environment for public transportation users. This study aims to describe the sanitation conditions at Jakabaring Terminal, Palembang city, in the year 2025. The research employed a descriptive method with an observational approach. Data were collected through direct observation using a checklist that assessed four aspects of sanitation: environmental hygiene outside the building, hygiene of rooms and structures, sanitation facilities, as well as comfort and safety. The findings show that all four assessed aspects were below the required sanitation standards, with the following percentages: environmental hygiene outside (52%), hygiene of rooms and buildings (66%), anitation facilities (60%), and comfort and safety (57%). The low scores were caused by several factors, including substandard toilet conditions, lack of separated trash bins, inadequate ventilation and lighting, and the absence of first aid kits and fire extinguishers. The study concludes that the sanitation conditions at Jakabaring Terminal do not meet the standards of a healthy terminal. Greater attention and action are required from the terminal management and relevant authorities to improve sanitation quality and ensure user comfort.

This study aims to analyze various sustainable food processing innovations that contribute to improving public health in Indonesia. The research was conducted through a literature review of 13 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025 that discussed aspects of nutritional innovation, environmentally friendly processing technology, social empowerment, and food waste management. The analysis results indicate that the use of local food ingredients such as moringa leaves, snakehead fish, and soybeans plays a significant role in improving nutritional literacy, preventing stunting, and strengthening family food security. Meanwhile, the application of appropriate technologies such as oil draining machines, energy-efficient dryers, and waste processing into organic fertilizer contributes to production efficiency and reduced environmental impact. Furthermore, social innovation through the empowerment of MSMEs and women's groups can strengthen the local economy and foster environmental awareness. Thus, the synergy between nutritional, technological, and social innovations forms the basis for developing a healthy and sustainable food system to support the achievement of SDGs 2 and 3 in Indonesia.  

Iron deficiency anemia is a significant public health problem in pregnant women, because it can cause maternal and fetal complications. Compliance with iron tablet consumption is often low due to limited knowledge, side effects, and cultural misconceptions. Leaflet-based education is a low-cost intervention that has the potential to improve understanding and compliance. This study aims to analyze the effect of leaflet education on the adherence of iron tablet consumption in pregnant women at the Pujon Health Center, Batu. The research design used a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 40 pregnant women were divided into an intervention group (n = 20) that received leaflet education and a control group (n = 20) that received standard counseling. Compliance was measured over four weeks through self-consumption records and tablet count calculations, while knowledge was assessed with a structured questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed a significant improvement in adherence in the intervention group, with 70% of pregnant women complying compared to 15% in the control group (p = 0.001). Leaflet education also increased knowledge scores and consistency of iron tablet consumption. The conclusion of this study confirms that leaflet education is effective in increasing iron supplementation adherence, so it is recommended to be integrated into routine antenatal services to prevent anemia and support maternal and fetal health.

Public demand for healthy, low-gluten and high-fiber food products encourages innovation in the bakery industry. This study aims to compare the texture and taste of brownies based on mocaf flour (Modified Cassava Flour) and rye flour with steamed and baked processing methods, and determine the formulation that has the best organoleptic quality. Mocaf flour was chosen because it is gluten-free, low glycemic index and locally sourced, while rye flour is rich in fiber, anthocyanin and antioxidant pigments and is beneficial for health. This study used an experimental design with three variations of mocaf proportions: rye (75:25, 50:50, 25:75) and two processing methods. Hedonic organoleptic tests were conducted by 36 panelists on aroma, taste, texture and overall reception on a likert scale of 1-7. The results showed that the processing method and the proportion of flour had a significant effect on organoleptic quality. Steamed brownies have a softer texture, while baked produce a stronger aroma and flavor. The 50:50 ratio achieves the best balance across all sensory metrics.  

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease that poses a current threat. Public non-compliance with health protocols can negatively impact COVID-19 transmission. A person's behavior significantly impacts their health. The design of this research is quantitative descriptive with Cross Sectional design, the population in the study is all productive-age Banda Aceh residents totaling 252,899 people and the sample in this study totaling 399 people who have met the inclusion criteria with Accidental Sampling technique using statistical analysis of the t-test (paired-samples t test) and One Way Anova Repeated Measure Test using the Stata 14 program. The results of the study show that there are significant changes in community behavior after 2 years of the Covid-19 pandemic for 3 time periods (the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic (2020), 1 year ago (2021) and currently (2022)) related to the 5M Health Protocol (p-value 0.0000), Barriers to Mask Use (p-value 0.0000), Information Related to Handling Covid-19 (p-value 0.0001), Perception (p-value 0.0000), Attitude (p-value 0.0000, and Behavior Towards Covid-19 (p-value 0.0000). However, the t-test results showed no significant change in community behavior in the Attitude variable between 1 year ago (2021) and now (2022) (p-value 0.8997) and in the Information Regarding Handling of Covid-19 variable between the beginning of the pandemic (2020) and now (2022) (p-value 0.3048). The most dominant change in community behavior after 2 years of the Covid-19 pandemic was in the 5M Health Protocol variable, in the period 1 year ago (2021) and now (2022), with a p-value of 0.0000 and a difference of 3.24. It is hoped that the community will continue to strive to improve their health behavior, so that the level of public health is maintained, and hopefully we are truly free from the Covid-19 pandemic

Empowerment is an effort to enhance the capabilities of individuals or groups so that they can perform tasks and responsibilities according to performance demands. Empowerment aims to help them meet basic needs, access productive resources, increase income, and participate in development. In the modern context, women are not only acting as housewives but also contributing in social and economic fields, working outside the home to support household expenses and improve family status. This shifts the role of women from the domestic sector to the public. Housewives have significant responsibilities in managing the household and ensuring family nutrition, which is crucial for achieving optimal health. Bananas, as a tropical fruit with high economic value, offer many health benefits, including preventing blood sugar spikes, improving digestion, supporting diet programs, and having various other benefits that are not widely known by the public.

Semarang City has experienced significant growth over the past five years (2020 – 2025). Rapid urban development has been positively correlated with increasing environmental burdens, particularly in solid waste generation. In Indonesia, the largest portion of municipal waste consists of food waste, followed by plastic waste. Among these, plastic waste is the most difficult to manage. It is estimated that around 70% of Indonesian households still burn their waste as a means of disposal. The burning of waste, especially plastics, releases toxic emissions such as dioxins, furans, and fine particulates, which pose serious health risks, particularly to the respiratory system. This practice not only worsens air quality but also threatens public health. This community service program focused on providing education about the thermal properties of waste and the negative impacts of plastic burning on both the environment and human health. The program aimed to improve public knowledge of the thermal characteristics of various types of waste and the hazards of plastic burning through accessible scientific outreach. The initiative is expected to raise awareness and understanding of environmentally friendly waste management alternatives such as waste separation, composting, and recycling. The activity was conducted in RW 01, Tugurejo Village, Tugu District, Semarang City.

The Community Service Program (KKN) in Pematang Kasih Village, Pantai Cermin District, focused on the construction of owl houses (RUBUHA) as an environmentally friendly effort to control rice field rats. The background to this activity was the high level of rat infestation that was detrimental to local farmers' rice harvests and the excessive use of chemical pesticides, which had the potential to negatively impact human health and ecosystem balance. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct observation in agricultural fields, interviews with farmer groups, and documentation of the owl house construction process. The results showed that the village community responded positively to this program because the use of owls as natural predators was proven to be more effective in controlling the rat pest population while reducing dependence on chemical pesticides. In addition, this program also increased public awareness of the importance of ecologically based pest control and preserving biodiversity. With the owl houses built around rice fields, it is hoped that a sustainable agricultural pattern can be created that supports the welfare of farmers while preserving the environment.

Drug abuse is one of the crucial problems that can threaten the future of the nation’s young generation. Sokolelah Village, Pamekasan Regency, as part of a rural area, is not exempt from this potential threat, especially with the increasing flow of information through the internet and the high mobility of the community as a result of technological development. Therefore, this community service program aims to provide education and raise public awareness about the dangers of drugs, as well as to encourage the active involvement of village communities as the front guard in creating a clean and drug-free environment. The methods used in this program include socialization, face-to-face counseling, interactive discussions and Q&A sessions, as well as the distribution of educational media. The activity was attended by various elements of the community, including youth, religious leaders, community leaders, and the local police (Babinkamtibnas). The results of the activity showed enthusiasm and positive responses from the participants, as indicated by their increased understanding of the dangers of drugs and the growing collective commitment to prevent drug trafficking and abuse in Sokolelah Village. Thus, this activity not only strengthened the community’s understanding of the negative impacts of drugs but also encouraged village-level collaboration in creating a healthy, productive, and drug-free environment.

Maternal and child health is an important indicator of public health development. However, at Posyandu Cendana, Bekasi, the optimal utilization of services remains low. Challenges include limited community knowledge, particularly among mothers, regarding the importance of posyandu services, low awareness of routine check-ups, and insufficient understanding among cadres in delivering clear and accessible health information. To address these issues, this community service program is designed in the form of socialization activities with participatory and educational approaches. The program covers maternal and child health education, practical training on child growth monitoring, the importance of immunization, balanced nutrition, and reproductive health. The stages include problem identification with cadres and posyandu managers, implementation through interactive lectures, group discussions, and field practice, as well as evaluation using pre-tests, post-tests, and observations of community participation. The program involves lecturers, students, posyandu cadres, and local officials to ensure sustainability. The expected outcomes include improved maternal knowledge of posyandu roles and publication of results in mass media and scientific journals.