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This study aims to determine the effect of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-control on employee performance at the Lubuklinggau City Transportation Agency, and to test the role of self-esteem as a moderating variable. The problem of this study is based on the phenomenon of decreasing employee performance productivity caused by the inability of employees to complete tasks independently, lack of motivation, and suboptimal teamwork. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative design. The sample in this study were 56 State Civil Apparatus (ASN) employees who were selected purposively. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using regression analysis with the help of statistical software. The results of the study showed that self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-control had a significant effect on employee performance. In addition, self-esteem was proven to be able to moderate the relationship between self-efficacy and self-control on employee performance. These findings indicate that internal psychological factors play a very important role in supporting optimal employee performance in government organizations

The cassation legal effort has a high urgency in the Indonesian civil justice system as a corrective mechanism for errors in the application of law and an instrument to ensure uniformity of national law. The relevance of this topic is increasing along with the large number of cassation cases submitted to the Supreme Court (MA) and has the potential to hamper the legal function of the highest judicial institution. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the application of cassation in civil cases and identify various obstacles that affect its implementation. This study uses a normative legal method with a regulatory approach and case studies supported by a literature study of laws and regulations, court decisions, and appropriate legal literature. The research findings indicate that the effectiveness of cassation is hampered by a combination of internal factors, such as excessive caseloads and limitations of the MA information system, as well as external factors such as weak legal understanding of the parties, declining quality of previous court decisions, and misuse of cassation as a litigation strategy. This study concludes that structural reform and increased capacity of judicial actors are needed, as well as strengthening of civil procedural law norms in order to clarify the role of cassation as a tester of the application of law, not a forum for objections to facts. This study contributes to the discourse on judicial reform and opens up opportunities for further research with empirical and comparative legal system approaches.

This study aims to examine and compare the practices of inheritance distribution in Kwaron and Grogol Villages, Diwek District, Jombang Regency, from the perspectives of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and Civil Law. This qualitative research adopts a case study approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document studies. The findings indicate significant differences in inheritance distribution practices between the two villages, influenced by social, cultural, and legal interpretive factors. The study also finds that legal ambiguity and limited public understanding of inheritance law often lead to conflicts. Moreover, it reveals that mediation and conflict resolution through customary and religious approaches tend to be more effective than formal legal processes. The study recommends enhancing public awareness of inheritance law and developing more integrative conflict resolution mechanisms.

This paper discusses the study of politics from an Islamic perspective, which not only examines power and governance but also serves as a foundation for the development of political ethics rooted in the spiritual and moral values of the Qur'an and Hadith. The approach used is a literature review, analyzing relevant texts on Islamic politics, political ethics, and leadership concepts in Islam. In Islam, politics is regarded as a form of worship that must be carried out based on the principles of tawhid (monotheism), justice, shura (consultation), and social responsibility. Concepts such as khalifah (caliphate), shura, and maslahah (public interest) serve as key pillars in the ethical governance system aimed at the welfare of the ummah (community). Furthermore, this paper highlights the importance of political morality (akhlaq siyasah) as a moral foundation for leaders and political actors, while also exploring the distinction between ethics (akhlaq) and morality in the Islamic context. The findings indicate that integrating political studies with Islamic values can create a model of governance that is not only structurally strong but also morally and spiritually elevated. Thus, Islam offers a holistic normative framework for building a just and civilized political system.

This research was conducted at an agency under and responsible to the president of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency which provides employee welfare benefits to increase employee morale and loyalty. The purpose of this research was to find out how the agency implements the employee welfare benefit system, to find out the obstacles that occur when distributing employee welfare benefits, and to find out how the agency can resolve these obstacles. According to the views of employees at the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency, the Bureau of Law, Organization, and Human Resources, employee welfare benefits are very sufficient for the benefits provided, but Employee Benefits only apply to civil servant employees. The Employee Benefit System can be said to be very efficient overall, but some employees experience obstacles when filling in data in the application provided by the Agency, so it is necessary to conduct application training to prevent errors in filling in data in the Agency system

This article discusses the Cancellation of Grants by Parents to Children Based on a case study of decision Number 100/Pdt.G/2024/PN Skt., this study analyzes the legal consequences of the cancellation of grants made between parents and their biological children. A grant is a type of unilateral agreement that is free and basically cannot be canceled, except under certain conditions as regulated in Article 1688 of the Civil Code and Article 212 of the Compilation of Islamic Law. If related to the problems in the decision, then Ms. Mar Intan gave a grant to her child, R Akun Rumawas, through a valid notary deed. However, the problem arose when there was an alleged intervention by a third party, namely (Mrs. Handariningsih) who influenced the free will of the grantor, causing the agreement to be flawed. The normative legal method and qualitative approach were used in this study. Court decisions were evaluated using qualitative methods. This study shows that intervention by a third party that causes a discrepancy in will can be a reason for the court to cancel a grant, even though the grant was made according to procedure. This result emphasizes how important it is to maintain the will of freedom in providing grants in accordance with legal regulations in every legal act of grants to ensure justice and legal stability so that it can provide certainty, justice and legal benefits for the community.

Language cannot be separated from human life, humans who act as a role in the formation of civilization produce a masterpiece called culture and local wisdom. This study examines the relationship between the two which is related to the linguistics group. In linguistic studies, there is an approach, namely ethnolinguistics which is used to examine the relationship between language and community culture which produces various meanings of language. Through this approach, the study aims to describe the form of lexicon and toponymy of village names in Mojokerto Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a note-taking technique. The data source used in this study is a book entitled "Jejak Semar di Karang Klethak" by Haris ar-Rachi, et al. The results of the study show that the names of villages in Mojokerto Regency have a historical, mythological background, as well as strong local cultural and natural elements. The naming is closely related to historical figures, community legends, geographical conditions, and the spiritual values of the local community. This proves that village toponymy is not only linguistic, but also reflects local cultural identity which is important to preserve.

study aims to analyze the influence of job description on employee performance at the Sumenep Regency Population and Civil Registration Office. The background of this research is based on the importance of clarity of job descriptions in supporting the optimal performance of employees, especially in public service agencies that deal directly with the community. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Partial Least Square (PLS) data analysis technique through the help of Smart PLS 2.0 M3 software. Primary data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to 20 respondents who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The results showed that job description had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with a path coefficient value of 0.808 and an R-square value of 0.652. This shows that the clearer the job description received by employees, the higher the level of performance produced. Job descriptions play an important role in improving work efficiency, minimizing role conflicts, clarifying responsibilities, and supporting an objective performance evaluation process. This study suggests that government agencies regularly update and socialize job descriptions to all employees to improve the performance of individuals and organizations as a whole.

Southeast Asia has long held a strategic position in global maritime trade since the pre-Islamic era. Through interactions with Arab, Persian, and Indian merchants, Islam was introduced to the region not through military conquest, but via peaceful and cultural means, particularly through trade and Sufi missionary activities. The Islamization process unfolded gradually, beginning in major port cities such as Samudera Pasai, Malacca, and Gresik, with significant support from local elites. This study employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach using library research methods, drawing from historical records, Malay Islamic manuscripts, and recent academic studies. The findings reveal that Islamic civilization in Southeast Asia manifested in the form of Islamic sultanates, traditional Islamic educational institutions (pesantren and pondok), and rich cultural expressions such as arts, literature, and architecture shaped by local aesthetics. This acculturation process gave rise to a moderate, inclusive, and adaptive form of Islam. In the modern era, Islam in this region continues to evolve in response to global challenges through institutional innovation and the contextualization of Islamic values. Therefore, Islam in Southeast Asia is not merely a religious system, but a civilizational force that shapes a distinctive and sustainable regional identity.

This community service article aims to escalate Gen Z's understanding of sexual violence, which continues to show a concerning trend in case numbers, thereby hindering the nation's aspirations towards a civil society. The cause of the high trend in sexual violence is that victims do not yet understand the content of the TPKS Law; the reporting mechanism and the legal process in court. Considering that the effectiveness of the law cannot be sufficiently realized through adequate content and means (legal substance-legal structure), efforts are needed through the work of other variables, such as community involvement (legal culture), which in this service activity is carried out and participated in by students from SMA Negeri 1 Wangon. The method used in this program is lectures and interactive discussions. The result of this program is a comprehensive understanding of the TPKS Law, which is then followed by building a commitment to combat sexual violence through daily campaigns, both in the form of preventive and repressive actions carried out in social-community environments and on social media. So that the aspiration for the formation of a civil society can be realized.

One of the activities of ASN management is career development such as promotion. This study aims to analyze the extent to which the implementation of career development management of Civil Servants (PNS) through promotions at the Medan City Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency. The implementation of civil servant career development management in BKPSDM Medan City has been well implemented but there are still obstacles. The method used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the theory of implementation according to George Edward III using four indicators namely Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure. The results of the research conducted show that the promotion process at BKPSDM Medan City has been carried out based on the principles of meritocracy which includes performance appraisal, competence, and employee track records. However, there are some challenges such as lack of competency development training and limited number of assessors who meet the qualifications of certain positions, as well as inadequate networks. To overcome these challenges, BKPSDM has implemented training and technical guidance programs, although implementation still needs to be improved. This study concludes that the implementation of career development management for civil servants through promotion in BKPSDM Medan City has been running quite well, but still requires improvement efforts in terms of career planning and employee empowerment.    

On the research of background, it is analyzed that the Implementation of the Population Administration Policy Through a Fast, Safe and Friendly Service System at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the Si Lancer application service at the Population and Civil Registration Service of Ciamis Regency. This research method uses descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Implementation of the Population Administration Policy Through a Fast, Safe and Friendly Service System at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency is not optimal, namely constrained by human resources in the Office, lack of facilities at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency, lack of implementing attitudes where employees prefer conventional services, no application updates from the initial year of publication, namely 2021, and no fragmentation or group bodies specifically tasked with Si Lancar application services. This study contributes to broadening understanding of the practical benefits of implementing the use of the Si Lancar application at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency.

The concept of smart governance has become increasingly crucial in supporting public sector reform through digital transformation. This study aims to identify the major challenges and opportunities in implementing smart governance in Indonesia by conducting a comparative review of academic journal literature and contextualizing the findings to the case of Pekanbaru. The analysis reveals three critical challenges: uneven digital infrastructure, low digital literacy among civil servants, and fragmented regulations and inter-agency coordination. On the other hand, the review also identifies opportunities in improving service quality and expanding citizen participation through digital platforms. Contextual discussion highlights how these findings reflect the actual conditions in Pekanbaru, which, despite its ambition to become a smart city, still struggles with systemic barriers. The study concludes with practical recommendations for the Pekanbaru city government, emphasizing the importance of capacity building, system integration, and inclusive public engagement. This review also serves as a foundation for future empirical research to validate the findings and enrich local digital governance strategies.

This paper examines civil servants' (ASN) understanding of the Core Values of Ethical Civil Service (ASN BerAKHLAK), which represent fundamental principles that civil servants must uphold in performing their duties as public servants. However, some civil servants still lack full comprehension and proper implementation of these values.The study aims to investigate and assess the level of civil servants' understanding regarding these core values within the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI), Lampung Provincial Office. Employing a quantitative descriptive method, the research reveals that 94% of BPK's Lampung Office civil servants demonstrate general awareness of the ASN BerAKHLAK values. Nevertheless, their understanding of theoretical aspects and practical implementation requires further improvement.

Debt-receivable problems are classic problems in economic activities that if not resolved properly can result in legal uncertainty and losses to the parties involved. One of the legal instruments provided in the Indonesian legal system to resolve these disputes is through the bankruptcy mechanism. This study aims to review the legal provisions regarding bankruptcy as regulated in Law Number 37 of 2004 and evaluate the effectiveness of its implementation as a solution to resolving debt-receivable problems. The method used in this study is the normative legal approach, by reviewing statutory provisions, legal doctrine, and court decisions. The results of the study indicate that although normatively the bankruptcy mechanism has a clear legal structure, its implementation in the field still faces obstacles in terms of process efficiency, protection of creditor and debtor rights, and supervision of curators. Therefore, policy updates and optimization of the function of judicial institutions are needed to increase public trust in this mechanism.

The mentoring activity for preparing regional development planning documents at Bapperida Bangkalan Regency is part of a community service program aimed at improving the effectiveness of public administration. During the program, students were directly involved in collecting and processing data, analyzing program performance indicators, and assisting in drafting and evaluating planning documents such as the RKPD, RPJMD, and RPD. This activity also supported the budgeting process, program consistency assessment, and public service performance measurement through the Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM). The results of the mentoring program show that collaboration between academia and local government can improve work efficiency, the quality of planning documents, and the capacity of civil servants in developing data-driven policies. This activity not only benefited the institution but also served as a real-world learning experience for students in understanding public administration practices at the regional level.

This article aims to examine the development of Islamic education during the Umayyad Dynasty with a focus on two main aspects: how the Islamic education system was formed and the extent of the government's role in supporting it. By using a qualitative-descriptive approach based on historical studies, and including library research. Data collection techniques use various literature both from history books and from articles in national and international journals and conduct data analysis using content analysis. The results show that Islamic education during that period already had a functional structure through halaqah, mosques, and houses of scholars, although it had not been formally institutionalized. On the other hand, the Umayyad Dynasty government played an important role through Arabization policies, the construction of mosque infrastructure, and the creation of political stability that allowed science to develop. These findings underline that education during the Umayyad period grew from the synergy between community initiatives and structural support from the State.

Abstract, This research was conducted with the aim of exploring the legal reconstruction efforts based on the Maqasid al-Shari’ah perspective, as reflected in the decision issued by the Supreme Court, in order to provide a legal breakthrough in the distribution of inheritance through the concept of wasiat wajibah (compulsory will) for non-Muslim heirs. The difference in religious affiliation within family law gives rise to serious inheritance issues, as Islamic law strictly prohibits inheritance between people of different religions. In order to maintain national unity and integrity, the Supreme Court issued Decision Number 331 K/AG/2018, which grants the right to a wasiat wajibah to heirs who have converted out of Islam or are non-Muslims. This study is a normative juridical research that employs two legal approaches: the conceptual approach and the analytical approach. The data collection technique used to achieve the research objectives is library-based documentation study. The findings show that all judicial bodies in Indonesia must refer to Article 49, Articles 1 and 2 of the 1989 Law concerning legal provisions on litigation, management, and enforcement of civil litigation in inheritance cases. Furthermore, Qur’an Surah An-Nisa verse 141 and Hadiths from Al-Bukhari and Muslim explain that Islamic identity must be a determining factor for heirs, disregarding wills that are not valid under Islamic law. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a wasiat wajibah for apostate or non-Muslim heirs is treated not as an inheritance, but as a special bequest. According to the Maqasid al-Shari’ah, which serves as the foundation for achieving the objectives of Islamic law through its five core principles of protection, the concept of wasiat wajibah for non-Muslim heirs plays a crucial role in: preserving religion by fostering interfaith tolerance; preserving life by preventing familial conflict; preserving intellect by ensuring access to education for non-Muslim descendants; preserving lineage by recognizing the rights of children as biological heirs through inheritance; and preserving wealth by ensuring the rightful and responsible transfer of ownership of the deceased’s estate.    

This study explores the strategic role of Pancasila as a living ideology in addressing the rising challenges of radicalism and intolerance in the era of digital globalization. The increasing spread of radical ideologies through social media, along with the growing exclusivist attitudes within Indonesia’s multicultural society, demands an adaptive and applicable ideological approach. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using literature review techniques. The findings indicate that collaboration among state institutions, civil society organizations, and educational institutions is crucial in grounding the values of Pancasila within public and digital spaces. Deradicalization strategies that emphasize ideological education, media literacy, and humanistic approaches have proven more effective in fostering tolerance and preventing the spread of extremist ideologies. This study affirms that Pancasila must continuously be revitalized through cross-sectoral, concrete actions to remain relevant and influential in preserving national unity.

Arabic literature experienced a significant thematic transformation from the Umayyad to the Abbasid period. In the Umayyad era, poetry was still rooted in classical qasidah, focusing on praise, tribal pride, and romantic ideals. However, the Abbasid era brought a wave of literary renewal, influenced by sociopolitical and cultural shifts. This study explores how these contexts shaped literary themes and styles, using a descriptive qualitative approach through library research and textual analysis. It focuses on works by Al-Farazdaq, Al-Akhtal, Jarir, Abu Nawas, Abu al-Atahiyah, Dibil al-Khuza’i, and Al-Jahiz. The findings reveal that poetry in the Abbasid era became a tool for social criticism, spiritual reflection, and personal expression. Meanwhile, Al-Jahiz significantly advanced Arabic prose, making it more intellectual and educational. This study concludes that Arabic literature evolved not only in form and content, but also in function, reflecting the intellectual and cultural dynamism of Islamic civilization. Keywords: Abbasid; Arabic literature; New Poets; Transformation; Umayyad