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Anxiety experienced by pregnant women is a common psychological problem and can have a significant negative impact on maternal health and fetal development. This anxiety can be caused by various factors, including physical changes, concerns about the delivery process, and new responsibilities as parents. Therefore, it is important to find effective ways to address this anxiety. One non-pharmacological approach that can be implemented is the use of lemon aromatherapy, which is known to have calming and relaxing properties. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of pregnant women in utilizing lemon aromatherapy as a method to reduce their anxiety. This activity was held in June 2025 at PMB Lismarini, involving 20 pregnant women who actively participated in this program. The method used in this activity included several stages: education on the benefits of aromatherapy, demonstrations on how to use it, hands-on practice using lemon aromatherapy, and evaluation conducted through pre- and post-tests to measure changes in participants' anxiety levels. The results of this activity showed a significant decrease in participants' anxiety levels. Previously, many pregnant women were in the severe and moderate anxiety categories, but after participating in the activity, they shifted to mild anxiety and even no anxiety. Lemon aromatherapy has been proven effective in providing relaxation and reducing emotional tension experienced by pregnant women. Therefore, this activity is expected to become a promotional educational model in maternal health services. Through this approach, it is hoped that pregnant women will better understand and utilize aromatherapy as a way to maintain their mental health during pregnancy. Furthermore, this activity can also provide health workers with insight into the importance of non-pharmacological approaches in supporting the mental health of pregnant women.

This community service initiative was designed to improve the digital competence of the PKK (Family Welfare Empowerment) group in Simogirang Village, Prambon Sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency, with a focus on utilizing social media and internet-based tools to optimize the branding of local UMKM (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) products. The program adopted an andragogical approach that emphasizes adult learning, integrating methods such as direct instruction, hands-on demonstrations, and guided simulations. Key digital platforms including Instagram, WhatsApp Business, Google Docs, and Google Drive were introduced and practiced during the sessions. A total of 40 participants took part in the training. Evaluation results indicated that 85% of the participants successfully mastered the digital branding techniques, achieving over 85% accuracy in practical exercises. This achievement was evidenced by the creation of functioning business accounts, digital catalogs, and various forms of promotional content tailored to their UMKM products. The implementation of these digital tools led to a noticeable increase in consumer engagement and demand for village products, particularly cassava chips and handmade crafts, signifying a positive impact on local economic activities. To ensure long-term benefits and continuous improvement, a dedicated WhatsApp group was established as a support forum for participants to share experiences, ask questions, and receive guidance post-training. Despite its success, the initiative faced challenges related to unstable internet infrastructure in certain areas of the village, highlighting the need for improved digital access. In conclusion, this initiative not only enhanced the digital literacy of rural women but also contributed to their economic empowerment, aligning with broader efforts to promote smart village development and digital transformation in rural Indonesia.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) play a crucial role in driving local economic growth, particularly in the food and beverage sector. However, many UMKM, such as Cipta Rasa Mulya, still face significant challenges in adopting modern marketing approaches to expand their reach and enhance their competitiveness. This community service program focuses on addressing two major issues: the lack of effective digital marketing utilization and the weak brand identity—especially in packaging design—of the dairy products produced by the UMKM. Through a structured and intensive training program, this initiative aims to provide UMKM actors with comprehensive knowledge and practical skills in rebranding and digital marketing. The activities include workshops on digital branding strategies, hands-on mentoring sessions for social media management, product photography, and brand storytelling, as well as ongoing evaluations to monitor progress and implementation. The expected outcomes of this program are multifaceted, including improved brand awareness among consumers, more attractive and informative packaging, increased product variety, and broader market reach through the use of digital platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and e-commerce channels. By enhancing the UMKM’s ability to present their products professionally and utilize social media for marketing purposes, this program supports the development of more competitive and sustainable business practices. In the long term, it is anticipated that such interventions will not only increase the visibility of Cipta Rasa Mulya’s dairy products but also strengthen their position in both local and national markets. Ultimately, this initiative highlights the importance of combining technological adaptation with creative branding in empowering UMKM and stimulating inclusive economic growth.

 The Community Service Program (PKM) was implemented with the primary objective of improving the motivation and skills of Global International School high school students in managing independent business units established within the school environment. This activity was designed as a practice-based entrepreneurial development effort, especially for students directly involved in school business activities. The program was implemented through a series of training sessions covering entrepreneurial motivation, digital and conventional marketing strategies, and sales practice simulations. The motivation training aimed to build an independent and resilient mindset in facing business challenges, while the promotional strategy training emphasized the importance of branding, the use of social media, and effective communication with consumers. During the implementation process, students were encouraged to actively participate, be creative, and directly apply the material learned through simulations and group discussions. Evaluation results showed that this activity successfully increased the enthusiasm and confidence of students in running their own businesses. They also began to understand the basic concepts of branding, targeted promotional strategies, and the importance of building relationships with consumers. The enthusiasm of the participants was very high, especially during the promotional and direct sales practice. Overall, this PKM activity had a positive impact on students' mental and technical readiness to face the business world. This program also has the potential to be further developed as the basis for a practice-based entrepreneurship curriculum, as well as a medium for character building, creativity, and student independence at the secondary education level.

The low level of public awareness regarding hand hygiene has become a contributing factor to the spread of infectious diseases transmitted through contact. This condition has sparked innovation in the development of hand sanitizer products made from natural ingredients, which are not only effective in killing germs but also safe and environmentally friendly. One promising natural ingredient is pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L.), which is generally considered organic waste. Pineapple peel contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and the enzyme bromelain, all of which possess antibacterial properties. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of pineapple peel extract against the growth of Escherichia coli and assess its feasibility as an active ingredient in spray hand sanitizer formulations. The research method involved preparing spray hand sanitizer with varying concentrations of pineapple peel extract: 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method to measure the inhibition zone against E. coli. Additional evaluations included physical quality tests such as pH, spreadability, homogeneity, organoleptic properties, skin irritation test, storage stability, and consumer preference. The results showed that the 90% concentration formulation had the highest antibacterial effectiveness, with an inhibition zone of 22 mm. This formulation was also the most preferred by respondents due to its strong and fresh aroma, appealing color, and pleasant texture on the skin. All formulations had pH values within the safe range (5.5–7), did not cause skin irritation, and demonstrated stability during storage. In conclusion, pineapple peel extract is effective as a natural active ingredient in spray hand sanitizer formulations. This product not only exhibits strong antibacterial activity against E. coli but is also safe, stable, and presents an environmentally friendly alternative to support improved public hand hygiene.

This study aims to understand, review, explore, and describe the implementation of policies regarding the enforcement of teacher and student discipline in elementary schools and is expected to find policies that support the success of enforcing teacher and student discipline. This study was conducted using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in journals that are appropriate for Elementary Schools, subjects consisting of principals, teachers, educational staff, and students. Data in this study were obtained through Identification of Literature Sources, Determination of Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, Tools (Mendeley). The findings of the study conducted by the author indicate that the enforcement of teacher and student discipline is carried out through a number of policies, namely: 1) Policies related to the enforcement of teacher and student discipline, 2) Establishing rules at school and in the classroom, 3) Monitoring the disciplinary behavior of teachers and students by making a monitoring book of their daily activities, 4) Imposing sanctions for violations, 5) Involving the principal, teachers, and educational staff. Furthermore, parental involvement and collaboration with external parties are also supporting factors in creating an orderly, safe, and conducive learning environment. Regular evaluation of implemented policies is also crucial to ensure their relevance and effectiveness. Fair and transparent reward and punishment practices contribute to increased student awareness and motivation to comply with school regulations. A culture of discipline consistently cultivated from an early age significantly contributes to positive character development and the overall improvement of the quality of basic education. Implementation requires ongoing training and mentoring for teachers and other educational staff to equip them with the capacity to implement a humanistic yet firm approach.

In the academic world, proper and efficient reference management is essential to ensure the quality and credibility of scientific writing. However, many lecturers and education practitioners, particularly early childhood education teachers, still encounter difficulties in managing references according to established academic standards such as APA and MLA citation styles. This challenge often hinders the process of academic writing and decreases the quality of scholarly outputs. To address this issue, a structured training program was conducted focusing on the use of Mendeley, a digital reference management tool designed to simplify citation and bibliography management automatically. The objective of this training was to enhance participants’ technical competence, digital literacy, and their ability to integrate Mendeley into the process of preparing scientific papers. The training activities were carried out using a series of steps, including needs assessment of participants, collaborative planning, hybrid training implementation (both online and offline), and continuous assistance through follow-up forums. Throughout the program, participants were guided step-by-step on how to install, use, and integrate Mendeley into word processing applications for academic writing. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge and practical skills, with an N-Gain score of 0.70, which falls into the high effectiveness category. The training not only improved the quality of reference management in scientific papers but also promoted greater professionalism and academic accountability. Moreover, it supported the broader goal of integrating technology into educational development. Overall, this initiative is expected to encourage more systematic, efficient, and digitally literate practices in academic writing among educators, ultimately contributing to improved educational quality in higher education settings.

Diabetic foot ulcers represent one of the most serious long-term complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, often contributing to increased rates of morbidity and mortality, while significantly impairing patients' quality of life. Among the various underlying causes, peripheral neuropathy and vascular disorders (vasculopathy) are frequently linked to dyslipidemia. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, along with the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A descriptive retrospective approach was used by analyzing medical record data collected from Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie General Hospital in Ternate. The findings indicated that the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes were aged 45 years or older (80%) and were predominantly female (60%). In terms of lipid profiles, most patients exhibited normal total cholesterol levels (82.2%) and normal triglyceride levels (51.1%). Despite these normal lipid values, a significant portion of the patients (53.3%) were identified as being at risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers. These results suggest that while dyslipidemia is commonly implicated in the development of diabetic foot complications, normal lipid levels do not necessarily eliminate the risk. The study concludes that the typical profile of type 2 DM patients includes those aged ≥ 45 years, females, and individuals with normal cholesterol and triglyceride levels who are still susceptible to diabetic foot ulcers. This highlights the multifactorial nature of diabetic foot ulcer development and underscores the importance of comprehensive risk assessments beyond lipid profile evaluation alone in diabetic patient care.

Teachers face complex emotional challenges in the workplace, particularly when dealing with the dynamic nature of Generation Z students. Without adequate emotional regulation skills, teachers are at risk of prolonged stress and burnout. This community service activity aims to improve teachers' emotional regulation skills through training based on Gross's (2003) theory, which includes techniques for recognizing, managing, and responding to emotions adaptively. The activity was conducted at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang and attended by 30 teachers. The training method included delivering material and practicing emotional regulation in six structured sessions. Results showed that participants were enthusiastic, actively engaged in the practice, and acknowledged their increased understanding and skills in managing negative emotions. Participant reflections indicated that the training helped maintain mental health and increased readiness to face work pressure. In addition, the sessions fostered a supportive environment where teachers could share their emotional experiences and develop mutual empathy. Feedback from participants emphasized the relevance of emotional regulation in daily teaching tasks, including classroom management, dealing with students’ behavior, and interacting with colleagues and parents. However, challenges remain in implementing emotional regulation due to minimal institutional support and limited follow-up programs. Therefore, it is important for this type of training to be integrated into teacher professional development programs and supported by school policies. This activity demonstrates that strengthening teachers' emotional aspects is a strategic step in improving the overall quality of education. Future efforts should involve collaboration with school leadership to institutionalize emotional support mechanisms and conduct longitudinal evaluations to measure sustained impact. Overall, the training offers a promising model for enhancing teacher well-being and professional resilience in demanding educational environments.

Community-based servant leadership development has emerged as a critical approach for Christian nonprofit organizations seeking to cultivate authentic leaders who embody Christ-centered values. This study explores the integration of theological foundations from Mark 10:45 with Robert K. Greenleaf's servant leadership theory to develop a comprehensive model for leader formation within Christian nonprofit contexts. Employing a qualitative methodology with a library research design, data were collected from scholarly literature and theological sources, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The research reveals a significant alignment between the core message of Mark 10:45—“For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve”—and the key principles of Greenleaf’s servant leadership, particularly the emphasis on selfless service, empathy, listening, and community building. Community plays a vital role as both a laboratory and an incubator for spiritual and leadership formation, where individuals can internalize leadership values through biblical teaching, mentorship, active religious practices, and shared life experiences. The study proposes a five-stage model: Foundation Building, Community Immersion, Skill Development, Practical Application, and Leadership Multiplication. This model serves as a strategic guide for Christian organizations to intentionally nurture servant leaders. Findings highlight improvements in character formation, organizational effectiveness, and the embodiment of servant leadership traits such as humility, sacrifice, and empathy. The study concludes with practical recommendations for implementation, including structured mentoring systems, the formation of communities of practice, and ongoing evaluation mechanisms. Ultimately, this integrated model supports the mission of Christian nonprofits by shaping leaders who advance both spiritual and social transformation.

The problem in this research is formulated into three main questions: (1) How to develop "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media on ethnic and cultural diversity for Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung? (2) How to validate the "PAPIN" learning media to ensure its appropriateness and quality for use in the classroom? (3) How effective is the use of the "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media in improving students' understanding of ethnic and cultural diversity in a primary school setting? The main objectives of this research are: (1) To develop feasible and relevant "PAPIN" learning media that supports the learning of ethnic and cultural diversity in accordance with the needs of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung. (2) To produce a practical and user-friendly digital learning tool that can be integrated into classroom activities. (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the media in improving learning outcomes, particularly students' knowledge, engagement, and appreciation of cultural diversity. This research adopts the 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) development model, a systematic method for creating and validating educational products. The research subjects are fourth-grade students from SD Negeri 101767 Tembung, selected as they represent the target users of the media. Data were collected through classroom observations, documentation, expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and evaluation instruments to measure the learning outcomes. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, technology-based instructional tools in elementary education, particularly in promoting multicultural awareness and inclusive learning environments.

This study aims to develop and produce a product used as a learning medium in grade V, namely a learning video media based on the Canva application in the Science lesson Harmony in Ecosystems to improve student learning outcomes. This type of research and development (RnD) uses the ADDIE model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The product developed must go through a validity test conducted to determine the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality before being used in learning. The feasibility test was obtained from the review of media experts obtaining a score of 90% and material experts obtained 85% in the very feasible category, the practicality of this media was obtained from the review of practitioner experts with a score of 96% in the very practical category. The effectiveness of the learning media product was obtained from the results of student tests that before using the product, 6 out of 29 students completed with a percentage of 20% completion, after using the product the percentage increased to 93% experiencing an increase of 73% with a total of 27 out of 29 students completing. This shows that the media developed is effective in improving student understanding as seen from student learning outcomes. The developed media is feasible, practical, and effective for use in the Harmony in Ecosystems learning material.

Gorontalo Province is an area with a high level of disaster vulnerability, both from hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides, as well as geological disasters such as earthquakes. This condition requires an integrated, modern, and sustainable disaster training facility. Unfortunately, until now Gorontalo does not have a representative disaster management education and training center to support community preparedness. This research aims to design a Disaster Management Education and Training Center that not only functions as an education and simulation place, but also integrates green architecture principles to create an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient learning environment. The method used is qualitative descriptive with primary data collection through observation, interviews with stakeholders, and field documentation. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies, disaster architectural precedents, and spatial planning regulatory studies. The design site was chosen in Limboto District with considerations of accessibility, development potential, and geographical conditions. Analysis is carried out on spatial, functional, and climatological aspects to produce an optimal zoning concept and the orientation of building masses according to the tropical climate. The design results show that an area of 19,371 m² can accommodate all space needs with the utilization of KDB of 25.4%. The application of green architecture is realized through the use of environmentally friendly local materials, natural lighting, cross ventilation, solar panels, and rainwater management systems. The simulation facilities for floods, landslides, earthquakes, and fires are designed based on experiential learning so that participants can experience disaster scenarios firsthand. This design is expected to be a model of sustainable tropical disaster architecture, replicate in other disaster-prone areas, and encourage the creation of a disaster-aware culture. This research also opens up further research opportunities related to energy performance evaluation and the application of digital technology in disaster education.

The insurance business in an insurance company offers insurance products owned by insurance companies. There are many transactions such as the purchase of insurance products and the application of disbursement of insurance benefits to customers, so that disputes occur in the reports generated every month and this does not become effective and time-efficient as needed. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a website-based real-time insurance transaction reporting monitoring system. This research method involves the development of a web-based system designed to monitor and report insurance transactions directly, as well as the evaluation of system performance using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research stages include needs analysis, system design and development, implementation, and system testing and evaluation in insurance companies. The results of the study show that a website-based system can facilitate evaluation Monitoring the results of reports on ongoing transactions, so that reports every month can be formed digitally through the system that has been created.  

State Senior High School 7 Surakarta is one of the public schools located in Surakarta City. The library activities, including member data management, book processing, and book borrowing and returning, are still conducted manually using physical logbooks. This manual process is considered inefficient and prone to errors. The purpose of this study is to develop a book borrowing system at State Senior High School 7 Surakarta that serves as a tool to assist officers in recording, loans, and returning books. This system is designed using the CodeIgniter framework to support WEB displays, programming in PHP, and using MySQL for database management. This system is created using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method with a waterfall model that includes the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. System testing was conducted using Black-Box Testing and the System Usability Scale (SUS). The Black-Box Testing results showed that all features and functions operated correctly. The SUS evaluation produced a score of 75.68%, indicating that users generally agreed with the implementation of the system, which falls under the "acceptable" classification.

The Annual Members’ Meeting (Rapat Anggota Tahunan or RAT) is the highest forum in cooperatives, serving as a medium for the board’s accountability to members as well as a venue for strategic decision-making. KSP Kopdit Obor Mas, one of the largest cooperatives in Eastern Indonesia with more than 240,000 members and assets reaching IDR 7.8 trillion, faces several challenges in conducting RAT, including low member participation, the complexity of financial reports, and the demand for compliance with regulations and the cooperative’s Articles of Association/Bylaws. This community service activity aimed to assist the implementation of RAT to ensure greater transparency, participation, and accountability. The methods included coordination with the board and supervisory committee, preparation of mentoring modules, socialization, simplification of financial reports, RAT simulations, and forum evaluation. The results show increased member participation, more accessible financial reporting, and a better-organized RAT conducted in accordance with regulations. The discussion highlights that mentoring activities strengthen Good Cooperative Governance and improve cooperative management practices. Thus, this activity contributes to enhancing institutional capacity and can serve as a model for sustainable cooperative development in other regions.  

This community service activity aims to provide assistance to the Employees’ Cooperative (Kopkar) Poliplas Makmur Santosa in systematically preparing a cooperative performance report in accordance with the principles of good cooperative governance. The challenges faced by the partner include the absence of measurable performance indicators, the lack of a sustainable performance evaluation system, and limited understanding among the management regarding the preparation of a comprehensive performance report. The implementation methods of this activity include identifying the partner's needs, conducting training on the development of performance indicators, and providing technical assistance in preparing the cooperative’s performance report. The results of the activity indicate an improvement in the management’s understanding of the importance of performance measurement and their ability to compile a more structured annual performance report. It is expected that this assistance will enhance the accountability and transparency of the cooperative’s management and support its long-term sustainability.

This community engagement initiative aimed to enhance students’ awareness of the strategic role of madrasahs in developing spiritually grounded, intellectually capable, and socially responsible individuals. Conducted at MA Darut Taqwa Semarang on July 17, 2024, the program employed a motivational and participatory approach, integrating lectures, reflective discussions, and storytelling centered on Islamic values and success narratives of madrasah alumni. Participants included 86 Grade X students. Post-session evaluations revealed significant positive shifts in student perceptions. Among Grade X students, 82% expressed increased pride in their madrasah identity, and 76% developed greater optimism about their future success through madrasah education. Motivational gains were also observed as students redefined academic effort as part of spiritual devotion. These results suggest that when learning is contextualized within a value-based framework, it fosters intrinsic motivation and future-oriented thinking. Theoretically, the program supports expectancy-value and purpose-based education models by demonstrating how spiritual framing can shape motivation and aspiration. Practically, it offers a replicable model for enhancing student engagement in faith-based schools. On a broader level, the program contributes to the reframing of madrasahs as centers of leadership development and ethical formation in a morally uncertain world. This activity affirms that madrasahs, when supported by strategic communication and reflective pedagogy, can serve as transformative educational spaces for youth, particularly those from underserved backgrounds

Urban space limitations and community economic empowerment needs present complex challenges in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation in densely populated areas. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of MSME empowerment programs through optimizing narrow alleys into productive economic centers in Duren Tiga Village, South Jakarta. Using mixed methods research with sequential explanatory design and CIPP evaluation model, the study involved 9 assisted MSMEs, PT PLN Puslitbang management, and related stakeholders during August 2024-July 2025 period. Results show that transformation of 200 m² narrow alley into Café Mini Forest successfully increased average MSME turnover by 67.9% and halal certification achievement by 88.9%. The program integrates "go global, go digital, go green" approach with multi-stakeholder partnership model contributing to SDGs 1, 8, 12, and 17. Spatial optimization innovation creates economic multiplier effects through 250% foot traffic increase and cost-efficient shared facilities. This model proves that community empowerment-based CSR can transform limited spaces into sustainable economic ecosystems, offering a replicable framework for similar urban empowerment programs.

The development of digital technology has significantly changed students’ lives, especially in learning and entertainment activities. However, the high intensity of using electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers has increased the amount of time spent in front of screens (screen time). Excessive screen time has adverse effects on eye health (e.g., dry and tired eyes), disrupts sleep patterns due to blue light exposure, and reduces students' concentration in learning. This community service program aimed to raise students' awareness and knowledge regarding the negative impact of prolonged screen time and provide education on mitigation strategies, such as the 20-20-20 rule, screen time limitations, and healthy sleep routines. The program was conducted through educational outreach and interactive discussions involving 88 students from grades X and XI at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon in May 2025. Evaluation was carried out using pre-tests and post-tests along with feedback questionnaires. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of screen time risks and how to manage it. Participants also demonstrated high enthusiasm, as reflected in active involvement during Q&A sessions and their adoption of the tips provided. This program is expected to be the first step in fostering healthy digital habits among students.