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This article examines the concept of Al-Muwazanah in the science of balaghah and examples of the application of parallelism in classical Arabic language. Al-Muwazanah is a part of muhassinat al-lafdziyah  that focuses on balance and symmetry in sentence structure or the repetition of patterns in two or more parts of a text. Al-Muwazanah is divided into two main types: parallelism in form (structural) and parallelism in meaning (thematic). This research employs a qualitative approach using the method of library study. Based on the analysis, numerous examples of Al-Muwazanah can be found in classical texts, demonstrating the beauty and balance in message delivery.

This research aims to explore the planning strategies implemented by teachers in improving students' vocabulary skills in teaching English. Vocabulary is an important component in language learning which influences students' communication skills and text comprehension. This research analyzes the various approaches used by teachers to develop students' vocabulary, as well as the challenges faced in planning and implementing these strategies in the classroom. Data was obtained through interviews with teachers, classroom observations, and analysis of learning implementation plan (RPP) documents. The research results show that strategies such as the use of visual media, contextual teaching, and regular repetition of vocabulary have proven effective in improving students' vocabulary skills. In addition, the teacher's role in creating an environment that supports vocabulary learning is very important in helping students master new words. This research provides insight for English teachers in planning more effective and innovative teaching to improve students' vocabulary skills.

Globalisation introduces substantial changes to human existence, combined with in social, economic and cultural elements. However, these adjustments furthermore offer critical obstacles, specifically for Muslims, United Nations agency generally need to confront beliefs and practices that contrast with monotheism teachings. With an emphasis on social, economic, and cultural facets, this analysis seeks to examine the applicability of Qur'anic interpretation in addressing the issues of globalization. It is intended that a wide range of flexible and conversational approaches to interpretation will provide fresh perspectives on how the holy text's lessons remain pertinent and relevant in today's modern world. Using literature reviews and material gathered from a variety of contemporary commentary, books, scientific papers, and journals, a qualitative analysis technique is employed. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that a discourse interpretation of the Qur'an will address the problems of economic injustice, social inequality, and the cultural psychological state brought on by globalization. Finally, in order to respond to the problems of globalization and ensure that the teachings of the Qur'an remain relevant in the current era, a dynamic interpretation method is absolutely essential.

This research examines the role of social theology in building spiritually-based ecological awareness amid global environmental crisis. Through a qualitative approach with literature study and content analysis methods, this research explores how religious values can contribute to environmental conservation efforts. The results show that social theology has significant potential in transforming the paradigm from anthropocentrism to spiritual eco-centrism through reinterpretation of religious doctrines and development of environmentally conscious spiritual practices. This study identifies several practical implementation models such as eco-pesantren programs and integration of environmental education in religious curricula. Despite facing challenges such as resistance to new interpretations of religious texts, the research finds great opportunities in increasing global awareness and support from mainstream religious institutions. This research recommends developing environmental theology curricula, strengthening networks between religious communities and environmental movements, and increasing research on religion-based ecological practices.

This research aims to examine the use of the Muro'at al-Nazhir concept in the science of balaghah which is applied to Surah Ar-Rahman in the Al-Qur'an. Muro'at al-Nazhir is a rhetorical technique that emphasizes harmony in meaning, sound, structure, and even contrast of meaning in a text, thereby creating beauty and strengthening the message. Through a text analysis approach, this research identifies various forms of Muro'at al-Nazhir contained in Surah Ar-Rahman, including sound harmony through the repetition of the phrase "فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ" 31 times , harmony of meaning that describes the greatness of Allah and His blessings , harmony of structure through verses that have similar patterns, as well as harmony of opposing meanings that show the contrast between heaven and hell, as well as the creation of humans and jinn from different elements. The research results show that the use of Muro'at al-Nazhir in Surah Ar-Rahman not only adds to the beauty of the language, but also strengthens the spiritual meaning and messages of faith that are conveyed to humans and jinn. It is hoped that this study can deepen understanding of the art of balaghah in the Koran and inspire further study of rhetoric in this Islamic holy book.  

Every human being must have interactions between individuals, so a means of communication is needed by using language and various tools used to convey information. The purpose of this study is to analyze speech acts that contain locution in the YouTube channel One Percent - Indonesia Life School which discusses mental health issues or Mental Health. This method is used to describe a group of speech acts among the content writers of Satu Persen Indonesia Life School. This analysis is carried out by looking at the video properly, correctly, and carefully so as to produce accurate data in accordance with the creator's speech in the learning video. Locution speech act is a speech act that functions as an utterance that states something without the intention of doing something or influencing its partners. The results revealed three categories of locutionary speech acts, namely news locution, command locution, and question locution, with a total of 20 locutions identified. News locution is the most dominant categorinterak 13 speech acts, while command locution and question locution are 13 each. This research makes a theoretical contribution to the development of linguistics, especially in the field of pragmatics. The method used is the pragmatic approach, this approach focuses on how language and literary texts are used in certain social and cultural situations, as well as how the meaning of the text is understood.

A paragraph is the smallest unit in written discourse which has an important role in building text cohesion and coherence. However, a lack of understandiag of the structure and function of paragraphs often becomes an obstacle in writing, especially in the context of learning Indonesian at the high school level. This research aims to analyze the structure and function of paragraphs in various types of text, such as narrative, descriptive and expository, and identify patterns that support communication effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative method with a content analysis approach. Data were obtained from five Indonesian high school level textbooks chosen randomly. The analysis focuses on paragraph structure (subject, predicate, object) and characteristics of text types. The research instrument includes guidelines for paragraph structure analysis, classification of text types, and criteria for effective paragraphs. The research results show that each type of text has a unique paragraph structure and function pattern, in accordance with its communication objectives. Narrative paragraphs support the storyline, descriptive create images, and expository convey factual information logically. In conclusion, understanding the structure and function of paragraphs can improve students' writing skills. This research recommends strengthening learning strategies that focus on analyzing paragraph structure and text variety to improve students' writing skills effectively.

This article examines the application of the Christian faith by focusing on the development of the fruits of the Spirit as recorded in Galatians 5:22-23. Through an analysis of the biblical text, this article explains how the Fruits of the Spirit are not just the ultimate goal but a continuous transformation and this article discusses the spiritual growth that is realized through the development of the Fruits of the Spirit. Explain how the Fruits of the Spirit are in the context of a society where there are many conflicts that are very influential in the growth of our spiritual faith. The development of the Fruits of the Spirit significantly contributes to the formation of a healthy and adaptive Christian character. The study also highlights the practical implications for self-development for believers.

This research aims to develop a fun learning model based on interactive wordwall games on informative text reading material in class V of Bangbayang 2 Elementary School, Cianjur Regency. This type of research is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE model which consists of five steps: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The designed media is then validated by the validator using a validation sheet in the form of a questionnaire. Product validation consists of material and media experts. To practice product quality, this is done by filling out teacher and student response questionnaires. Then, the effectiveness test is carried out by giving evaluation questions to students. The results of media research obtained a validity level of 86% from the material aspect in the very valid category, 80% from the media aspect in the valid category. Thus, it can be concluded that the learning media in the form of interactive wordwall media using a fun learning model in Indonesian language learning in class V elementary school is declared practical, effective, and suitable for use in learning.

Beverage business competition in the modern era is growing rapidly due to marketing developments and the many beverage and food brands that have become popular in the community. This makes business competition must develop its business to be more attractive. Indonesians not only drink mineral water, but also tea. The popularity of tea, encourages many beverage manufacturers to try to produce new products. Vina's iced tea makes iced tea with a combination of sweetened condensed milk, one of the popular types of tea. This study aims to analyze the effect of tea flavor intensity and ice cube texture on iced tea marketing strategies in Tambak Rejo Village, Waru, Sidoarjo. In the beverage industry, flavor and texture are important factors that influence brand image and product attractiveness in the market. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods, to find out how consumers respond to the quality of the tea flavor they offer and the freshness of the ice cubes, and how these two factors affect the region. We are investigating how this can help increase sales of iced tea. This study shows that improving the unique taste of tea and the use of ice cubes with optimal texture can improve consumer experience, strengthen brand image, and influence purchasing decisions. Therefore, a strategy to improve product quality by considering aspects of taste and texture is the main key to increasing the competitiveness and sales of ice the village of tambak rejo. This article uses the Praticipatory learning and action (PLA) method or active field learning method is a participatory research method in which consumers and business actors are directly involved in the process of community service activities. In the context of iced tea sales strategies, the PLA method is used to understand how the intensity of tea flavor and texture of ice cubes affect consumer satisfaction and increase sales. 

This study aims to analyze the study of as-saj’ in Surah Al-Ghasiyah, which is one of the surahs in the Qur'an that is rich in beautiful language. As-saj’, which means harmony of sound, plays an important role in increasing the appeal and understanding of the spiritual messages in this surah. This study uses a qualitative approach with a text analysis method, identifying various forms of as-saj’ found in Surah Al-Ghasiyah and how their use enriches the meaning of the verses. The results of the analysis show that there are several types of as-saj’, including saj’u mutawazi, saj’u mutarraf, and saj’u murasha’, each of which has its own characteristics and functions in creating rhythm and beauty of language. This study also found that the use of as-saj’ not only improves the linguistic aspect, but also deepens the reader's understanding of the moral and spiritual themes contained in the surah. Thus, this study makes a significant contribution to the study of linguistics and interpretation of the Qur'an, as well as increasing appreciation of the beauty of the Arabic language as divine revelation.

The Madurese language, which is used by the Madurese ethnic community both on Madura Island and outside the island, has significant dialect diversity. The mobility of the Madurese people and interaction with the Javanese language on the island of Java resulted in a mixture of dialects, which influenced the formation of new vocabulary through morphophonemic processes. This research aims to analyze the affixation process in Madurese, especially the use of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in the Sekar Assre’ 4 textbook. In this research, the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} are analyzed based on form, function , and its meaning in the formation of verbs, adjectives and nouns. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with listening and listening methods, as well as data analysis techniques such as drop and replace. The research results show that the prefix {-e} and its allomorphs (e-, epa-, eka-) function to form passive verbs and adjectives, while the prefix {pa-} functions to form nouns, especially those related to certain professions or activities . It is hoped that this research can contribute to understanding the morphological structure of the Madurese language, especially related to the role of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in everyday communication and in learning Madurese in schools.

Pineapple sambal, a traditional dish from Jambi, is known for its spicy and tangy flavors but has a short shelf life due to its high water and acid content. This study analyzes the effect of shelf life on the quality of pineapple sambal (color, aroma, taste, and texture) using a pure experimental method and ANOVA analysis at room temperature (25–30°C) over a period of 1–7 days. The results indicate significant differences in all sensory parameters (p < 0.05). The best quality was observed from the first to the third day, with a significant decline starting on the fourth day. By the fifth day, the fresh aroma shifted to an undesirable sour smell, the texture became mushy, and the color faded due to microbial activity and oxidation. These findings are relevant to the food industry for developing airtight packaging or cold storage solutions. The study concludes that the optimal shelf life of pineapple sambal at room temperature is three days, supporting the preservation of Jambi's culinary heritage and its development into a competitive commercial product.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the need for the development of a chemistry e-module combined with the KingDraw application on isomer material at SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. This study uses a survey methodology with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained from interviews with chemistry teachers and the results of filling out questionnaires by 84 students. The results of this study indicate that teachers have not developed technology-based teaching materials that can help students in learning chemistry. The teaching materials used are in the form of textbooks containing writings and several two-dimensional images. Thus, it can be said that learning is still conventional and has not followed the development of the digitalization era. This is indicated by the minimal use of technology in learning activities. In learning, teachers only rely on lecture and discussion methods. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development of a chemistry e-module collaborated with the KingDraw application needs to be implemented to motivate students to learn and improve their understanding of chemical concepts independently. This module can also be used anytime and anywhere.

The Sundanese language, once spoken by 48 million individuals, has experienced a significant decline in speakers, losing 2 million in the past decade. This decline is attributed to weakened intergenerational transmission and the dominance of more widely used languages. The challenges in developing Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for Sundanese stem from the lack of annotated corpora, trained language models, and adequate processing tools, complicating efforts to preserve and enhance the language's usability. This research aims to address these challenges by implementing emotion classification in Sundanese text using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) models. The study utilizes a dataset of annotated Sundanese tweets, applying preprocessing techniques such as cleansing, stopword removal, stemming, and tokenization to prepare the data for analysis. The results indicate that the BERT model significantly outperforms the LSTM model, achieving an accuracy of approximately 80% compared to LSTM's 70%. These findings highlight the potential of advanced NLP techniques in enhancing the understanding of emotional nuances in Sundanese communication and contribute to the revitalization of the language in the digital age.

Literature serves as a mirror reflecting the social and cultural dynamics of society. This serves as the foundation for analyzing the play "Kereta Kencana" in this journal. The work of W.S. Rendra is the subject of this study, aimed at uncovering its meaning and structure through a structuralist approach. This research delves into various narrative layers, structures, and messages contained within the text. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method and a structuralist approach, the case study on "Kereta Kencana" will analyze its intrinsic elements. The findings provide a deeper understanding of intrinsic components such as characters, characterization, plot, setting, point of view, moral, and theme. Additionally, this study explores the relationships between characters, plot development, philosophical and social messages, as well as the stylistic choices employed.

Tempeh flour and telang flowers are food ingredients that contain antioxidants and can protect body cells from damage. Kue cubit is a snack that is assimilated by the Dutch, the development of which is found to be less visible in terms of its benefits for health, so it is necessary to develop a kue cubit with tempeh flour substitution and the addition of telang flower extract where both ingredients contain antioxidants. This research are to: (1) to determine the effect of tempeh flour substitution and the addition of telang flower extract on acceptability including the parameters of color, aroma, texture, and taste of kue cubit (2) to determine the antioxidant activity in kue cubit substituted with tempeh flour and the addition of telang flower extract from the best formula. This study includes a true experiment using a two-factor factorial Complete Random Design (RAL) research design, they are the variation in the amount of tempeh flour and the variation in the number of telang flowers that will be extracted as much as 40 ml, consisting of 6 formulas. The data were tested using Kruskal wallis if there was an influence followed by using the man whitney test. The results of the analysis showed there were significant differences in each kue cubit formula with color parameters and there were no effect on aroma, texture, and taste parameters. The best formula is X3Y3 (10%: 20gram), with an IC50 antioxidant activity value of 378.355 μg/mL included in the weak category.

This study explores the concepts of Al-Istikhdam and Al-Istithrad as part of stylistic devices in the Arabic rhetoric discipline (balaghah). Al-Istikhdam refers to the use of a single word with two different meanings in a specific context, while Al-Istithrad involves the insertion of additional sentences or ideas without deviating from the main discussion. The study aims to identify the application of these two concepts in classical Arabic texts, particularly in literary and rhetorical works. The method employed is textual analysis of primary sources such as the Qur'an, hadith, and classical poetry. The findings reveal that Al-Istikhdam is used to enrich meanings and refine stylistic expression, whereas Al-Istithrad functions to provide additional explanations that strengthen the main argument without disrupting narrative flow. This research is expected to offer new insights into the beauty and complexity of the Arabic language and its contribution to the development of balaghah studies.

This article examines the accusations of PKI affiliation contained in the novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk Ahmad Tohari's work, with a literary sociology approach. This novel describes the lives of village communities are hit by social and political tensions after the incident G30S/PKI. Through the main character Srintil, a ronggeng who is trapped in stigma politics, this article analyzes how accusations of PKI affiliation affect social dynamics and culture in the village. The focus of this study is to understand how social elements, especially gender and the role of women in Batak custom, interact with greater political power, and how this is reflected in the novel's narrative structure. By using literary sociology theory, this research also discusses identity social and political aspects are formed through literary texts, as well as the implications of these accusations on the formation of morality and views of society at that time. Through analysis It is hoped that this article will contribute to the understanding of the relationship between literature, politics and social identity in Indonesia, especially in context post-1965 history.

This article examines the accusations of PKI affiliation contained in the novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk Ahmad Tohari's work, with a literary sociology approach. This novel describes the lives of village communities are hit by social and political tensions after the incident G30S/PKI. Through the main character Srintil, a ronggeng who is trapped in stigma politics, this article analyzes how accusations of PKI affiliation affect social dynamics and culture in the village. The focus of this study is to understand how social elements, especially gender and the role of women in Batak custom, interact with greater political power, and how this is reflected in the novel's narrative structure. By using literary sociology theory, this research also discusses identity social and political aspects are formed through literary texts, as well as the implications of these accusations on the formation of morality and views of society at that time. Through analysis It is hoped that this article will contribute to the understanding of the relationship between literature, politics and social identity in Indonesia, especially in context post-1965 history.