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Tackling pedophilia crimes often faces serious obstacles, especially when the perpetrator has a high social status or strong influence in society. This condition often hampers the law enforcement process, because it is difficult to hold the perpetrator criminally accountable fairly. This research is an empirical legal research by conducting interviews and observing examination files and related documents.The results of this study indicate that: (1) efforts to combat pedophilia crimes that occurred in Oesena Village have not been optimal due to weak coordination between parties. The police are overwhelmed in handling similar cases, while legal aid institutions can only provide assistance without full legal authority, even though they try through social media. As a result, the victims have not received legal justice. (2) the accountability of perpetrators of pedophilia crimes seen from the aspect of justice has not been fulfilled, both legally and socially. Legally, the perpetrators have not received appropriate punishment. This shows that the perpetrators have not been truly held accountable for their actions fairly.

This study examines the concept of Islamic moral education according to Habib Umar Bin Hafidz and Habib Ali Al-Jufri, the methods of instilling moral values ​​that they use, and the relevance of their thoughts in the context of today's education. Moral education currently faces various complex challenges, such as weak role models, less applicable approaches, and the negative influence of technological advances and social media that trigger moral dilemmas among the younger generation. The lack of integration of moral values ​​in daily practice and the identity crisis due to globalization are also problems that hinder the formation of noble characters. The study used a qualitative approach with library research, collecting data from primary and secondary sources, then analyzed descriptively. The results of the study show that Habib Umar places love for Allah and the Messenger as the core of moral values, with educational methods that prioritize role models and gentleness without coercion, relevant to forming character and spirituality in the modern era. Meanwhile, Habib Ali emphasizes humanitarian values ​​such as compassion and tolerance as the foundation of moral education, with a moderate and inclusive approach that suits the needs of contemporary education. Both approaches provide important solutions in dealing with the problems of moral education, especially in building strong spiritual and social character amidst the dynamics of modern life, while also offering a foothold for overcoming the moral challenges faced by today's students.

The background of this research lies in the moral crisis and character degradation among children, which are consequences of rapid changes in the modern era, technological advancement, and the lack of optimal roles played by families and educational environments. Utilizing a qualitative approach and the method of library research, this study analyzes the meaning and content of QS. An-Nahl: 90 through the interpretations of various classical and contemporary scholars, such as Quraish Shihab, Al-Maraghi, and Al-Azhar. The findings reveal that the formation of virtuous character based on QS. An-Nahl: 90 consists of three main commands acting justly, doing good (ihsan), and giving to relatives and three prohibitions immorality, wrongdoing, and hostility. These values form the foundation of Islamic virtuous character, which can be instilled in children through education provided by the family, school, and community. Virtues such as justice, empathy, responsibility, and courtesy serve as key pillars in shaping a morally upright generation.

This study investigates parenting patterns through the lens of religious psychology, focusing on the perspectives of Zakiah Daradjat, a prominent academic and psychologist from UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Employing a qualitative approach based on literature analysis, the research delves into Daradjat’s thoughts on parenting grounded in spiritual values. Her view emphasizes that parenting extends beyond the biological aspect of childbirth; it involves nurturing the child’s moral and religious character from an early age, even before birth. Key values such as love, responsibility, and early religious education are considered essential in fostering a child's emotional and psychological well-being. The integration of these principles is believed to create a balanced developmental path aligned with Islamic teachings. Ultimately, this paper contributes to broadening the concept of Islamic parenting in a way that meets children’s psychological and spiritual needs in contemporary society.

The utilization of geothermal energy as a renewable energy source is growing in an effort to reduce dependence on fossil energy and its negative impact on the environment. However, the exploitation of this natural resource still contains potential ecological risks if not managed wisely. This article examines the use of geothermal energy through the perspective of the environmental ethics of Meng Zi (Mencius), a classical Confucian philosopher, who emphasized harmony between humans and nature. Meng Zi's ethical approach highlights the importance of virtue, moderation and respect for the natural order in every human activity, including energy management. Through a philosophical-critical study, this article shows that the application of Meng Zi's environmental ethics can provide a moral foundation for sustainable and equitable geothermal exploration policies and practices. Thus, the synergy between modern technology and classical ethical wisdom is key to realizing ecological sustainability and harmony.

Taxes are the main fiscal instrument in modern states, serving various strategic functions such as budgeting, regulation, stability, and income redistribution. Taxes are not only a source of state revenue but also a tool to encourage economic growth and the equitable distribution of welfare. In the context of Islamic economics, taxes have a different position but are not fundamentally contradictory. Islam recognizes the concept of levies such as zakat, kharaj, jizyah, and ushr, which have similar objectives to modern taxes, namely for the welfare and social justice. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach to analyze the alignment between the function of taxes in modern states and the principles of Islamic economics. Data were collected through a literature review from relevant academic sources. The research results show that although there are differences in mechanisms and characteristics, there is a common ground in the main goal, which is the welfare of society. Taxes can be accepted in Islamic economics as long as they are collected fairly, transparently, proportionally, and used for the public good. Further analysis indicates that the principles of maqashid sharia can serve as an important reference in modern tax reform to better align with Islamic values. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of integrating Islamic economic principles into the tax system to create social justice, fiscal efficiency, and sustainable development. This research is expected to provide theoretical and practical contributions to the development of a tax system based on Sharia values in the contemporary era.

Education is not only about academic knowledge, but also about the overall balance between body and mind. Amidst increasing academic demands and constant social pressures, students’ mental health is a crucial aspect that should not be ignored. Mental health literacy in a legal perspective is the foundation for academic success, healthy social interactions and overall quality of life. In the educational environment, we often talk about achievement, grades and preparation for the future, but we often forget that students’ mental health is an important foundation for achieving such success. Mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression or stress that are not addressed can interfere with concentration in learning, healthy social interactions, and even general physical health. Therefore, it is important for us to start building mental health literacy in a legal perspective among students. By knowing the symptoms that may appear, preventive measures that can be taken and available sources of support, we can help create an inclusive, caring and supportive educational environment for students’ mental well-being. Many countries have specific regulations that cover aspects of mental health literacy in the educational environment, including students’ rights related to access to services and protection from discrimination. Student mental health literacy from a legal perspective involves the application of legal principles in the context of protecting and fulfilling students' rights related to mental health in the educational environment. Mental health literacy from a legal perspective as an integral part of individual well-being is gaining increasing emphasis in the legal realm. Protection of individual mental health does not only rely on medical aspects, but is also closely intertwined with the rights and regulations that accompany it. Education, advocacy, and cross-sector collaboration are key in efforts to improve mental health protection from a legal perspective that includes interrelated social, educational, health, and legal aspects. Through a better understanding of this background, regulations and policies can be developed to better protect and support students' mental health in educational institutions.    

The management of national border areas is a strategic issue in the modern international system, directly linked to sovereignty, national security, and regional stability. This study aims to examine the role of international law in border management through a qualitative literature-based approach. Findings indicate that core principles of international law, such as uti possidetis juris, state sovereignty, and non-intervention, serve as the normative foundation for boundary formation, recognition, and dispute resolution. Current challenges such as illegal immigration, infiltration, and territorial claims demand the strengthened implementation of international law within national policy. Local government involvement and economic diplomacy also play vital roles in building adaptive and responsive border governance. In Indonesia’s case, land and maritime border dynamics highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy that integrates legal, diplomatic, and regional development aspects. This study underscores the importance of synergy among state actors to safeguard territorial integrity and foster sustainable cross-border cooperation.

The ethical violation committed by Constitutional Court Justice Anwar Usman in the Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 underscores the urgent need to strengthen ethical oversight mechanisms to safeguard the integrity of the judiciary. This article analyzes the ethical breach and its implications for public trust and the legitimacy of the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the Constitution. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that violations of the principles of impartiality, independence, and integrity not only tarnish the image of individual justices but also erode public confidence in the constitutional justice system. Therefore, systemic reform and greater transparency in the enforcement of judicial codes of ethics are essential to restoring the moral authority and professionalism of Indonesia’s highest judicial institution.

Hibah is a form of voluntary gift given by a person to another while the giver is still alive. In practice, hibah often leads to legal issues, especially when a revocation occurs, which frequently results in disputes between the donor and the recipient. This study employs a normative approach using qualitative methods to examine the causes and legal implications of hibah revocation, as well as the requirements that must be fulfilled for the revocation to be legally valid under Islamic law. The findings indicate that revocation is permissible under certain conditions, such as when the hibah contradicts its intended purpose, exceeds one-third of the donor’s assets, or the recipient commits a breach of agreement. In Islamic law, there are differing opinions among schools of thought regarding the permissibility of revoking hibah given to one’s child. However, according to the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), parents have the right to revoke a hibah at any time. The legal consequences of revoking a hibah include the loss of ownership rights over the gifted property, potential family conflicts, and prolonged litigation processes. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the legal terms and conditions of hibah is essential to avoid future disputes.

In many developing countries today, the capitalist economic system still dominates. Not infrequently, this system causes various problems when applied in the governance of a country's economy. These problems generally arise because policies, regulations, and public financial management have not been directed at the principles of Islamic economics (sharia). In fact, the public economic system based on sharia provides guarantees for the fulfillment of state needs (income) and people's needs (expenditure). In addition, the rampant practice of misappropriation such as fraud and corruption has also caused the loss of public trust in public economic management. This condition contributes to the economic crisis and exacerbates the suffering of the people. Therefore, to solve these problems, the government needs to adopt a public economic concept based on Islamic values, because this system has been proven to be able to encourage justice and improve social welfare. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The findings in the study indicate that there are various sources of income in the Islamic economy that can be utilized as public finances, such as Ghanimah, Fa'i, Jizyah, Kharaj, Waqf, Nawaib, Zakat, Infak, Sedekah, and 'Usr. Meanwhile, state expenditure is allocated to fulfill basic community needs, state defense and administration, education, social security, and development of infrastructure and public facilities.   Keywords: Capitalism, Economic system, Public sector In many developing countries today, the capitalist economic system still dominates. Not infrequently, this system causes various problems when applied in the governance of a country's economy. These problems generally arise because policies, regulations, and public financial management have not been directed at the principles of Islamic economics (sharia). In fact, the public economic system based on sharia provides guarantees for the fulfillment of state needs (income) and people's needs (expenditure). In addition, the rampant practice of misappropriation such as fraud and corruption has also caused the loss of public trust in public economic management. This condition contributes to the economic crisis and exacerbates the suffering of the people. Therefore, to solve these problems, the government needs to adopt a public economic concept based on Islamic values, because this system has been proven to be able to encourage justice and improve social welfare. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The findings in the study indicate that there are various sources of income in the Islamic economy that can be utilized as public finances, such as Ghanimah, Fa'i, Jizyah, Kharaj, Waqf, Nawaib, Zakat, Infak, Sedekah, and 'Usr. Meanwhile, state expenditure is allocated to fulfill basic community needs, state defense and administration, education, social security, and development of infrastructure and public facilities.  

The Indo-Pacific region, being vast and full of potential, has become an arena for complex geopolitical competition among major powers. This article analyzes the Super Garuda Shield Exercise as an important instrument in responding to those dynamics. Using the approach of the balance of power theory and defense diplomacy, this article discusses the Super Garuda Shield exercise as an instrument of the balance of power in great power competition and its role as a tool of Indonesia's defense diplomacy. The research results show that the Super Garuda Shield exercise is an important instrument in the balance of power strategy in the region. Through this defense cooperation, Indonesia seeks to balance China's growing influence without getting trapped in a formal alliance. This demonstrates how Indonesia implements an independent-active foreign policy and its proactive role as a middle power in maintaining regional stability. This article emphasizes the importance of collaboration and coordination to establish a regional security order that is adaptive to increasingly complex geopolitical dynamics.

The development of digital technology has brought various innovations to the financial system, one of which is sharia crowdfunding. As a form of technology-based fundraising based on sharia principles, this mechanism aims to avoid elements of usury, gharar, and maysir which are prohibited in Islam. This article discusses the legal aspects and operational mechanisms of sharia crowdfunding from the perspective of Islamic law and regulations in Indonesia. By using a qualitative research method based on literature analysis, sharia crowdfunding has a strong legal basis through the fatwa of the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) and the regulations of the Financial Services Authority (OJK). In practice, sharia crowdfunding uses various contracts such as mudharabah, musyarakah, and wakalah bil ujrah to ensure fair and transparent transactions. Although it has promising prospects, challenges such as lack of sharia financial literacy, limited specific regulations, and digital security aspects are still major obstacles in its implementation. Therefore, collaboration between regulators, industry players, and the community is needed to encourage a more inclusive and sustainable sharia crowdfunding ecosystem.  

The role of fathers in children's lives cannot actually be underestimated. Unfortunately, there are still many children in Indonesia who grow up without the presence or maximum role of a father. This phenomenon is known as fatherlessness. Either because the father is not there (due to divorce or death), or because the father is there but does not carry out his role well. In fact, according to Islamic teachings and legal regulations in Indonesia, fathers have a big responsibility to provide for their children, both materially, with love and attention. Through this study, it is discussed how Islam provides strong warnings for negligent fathers, even calling it a major sin. The Prophet's hadith also emphasizes a lot about a father's responsibility towards his family. Not only that, Indonesian law also has clear regulations regarding sanctions for fathers who abandon their children, including criminal threats. In essence, fathers are not only breadwinners, but also important figures in children's growth and development. If this role is ignored, the impact could be big for the child, family, and even the future of the father himself. The state and society must care more about this, so that Indonesian children can grow up healthy, complete and happy.

The practice of divorce without going through a formal court process, commonly referred to as informal or unregistered divorce, remains prevalent in Indonesian society despite clear regulations outlined in Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage. This paper aims to examine the legal dimensions of such practices and explore the social and psychological impacts, particularly on children. Findings indicate that divorces conducted outside the legal framework not only violate national laws but also often result in disadvantages for vulnerable parties, especially women and children. In Islamic teachings, while divorce is permissible, it is considered the most detested lawful act by Allah and should only be pursued after all efforts at reconciliation have failed. National legal provisions echo this perspective by emphasizing mediation and the principle of justice as primary steps in resolving marital disputes. This alignment reflects a harmony between religious norms and state law. Therefore, public awareness of proper legal procedures for divorce needs to be enhanced to protect individual rights and preserve family stability. Strengthening legal education and premarital counseling are effective preventive strategies in this regard.  

This study aims to analyze the policy of digitizing public services at the sub-district level in the perspective of state administrative law. Digital transformation in the public bureaucracy in the modern era is an important step in creating effective, efficient, and accountable services. However, the implementation of digitalization is often not accompanied by an adequate legal framework, resulting in the potential for administrative irregularities and violations of the principles of good governance. Using a normative research approach, this study examines the compatibility of digitization policies with the principles of state administrative law, such as the principles of legality, legal certainty, proportionality, professionalism, openness, and accountability. The results of this study show that the digitization of public services at the sub-district level requires strengthening technical regulations, increasing the capacity of the apparatus, and integrating digital service systems and standards based on legal principles. This research not only focuses on technological innovation, but is also supported by a strong legal foundation to ensure the protection of public rights and the legitimacy of public services.

The digital era has brought about a major transformation in the way organizations manage and utilize data. Data management is a key strategy in supporting decision-making based on accurate, fast, and relevant information. However, the rapid growth of data volume, diversity of sources, and complexity of data integration and security pose challenges in its management. These challenges include issues of data quality, inconsistency, duplication, and limitations in infrastructure and human resource capabilities. In addition, demands for compliance with regulations such as GDPR and the Personal Data Protection Act add to the complexity of ethical and responsible data management. On the other hand, technological developments such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing present great opportunities to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of data management processes. Organizations that are able to adopt a data-driven approach and apply good data governance principles will gain competitive advantage, accelerate innovation, and improve customer satisfaction. This article comprehensively discusses the challenges and opportunities in data management from a data management perspective, and presents a framework for building an adaptive and sustainable data management strategy in the digital era. With a literature analysis and case study approach, this article aims to provide conceptual and practical contributions for organizations that want to optimize the potential of data as a strategic asset.

The phenomenon of paid nikah muhallil reflects a serious deviation in public understanding of Islamic teachings on marriage. This practice is carried out to circumvent the prohibition of reconciliation after a triple divorce by engineering a temporary marriage through financial compensation. This study aims to examine paid nikah muhallil from the perspective of the Prophet’s hadiths and the urgency of proper Islamic legal socialization. A qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical and takhrij hadith approach was employed, involving library research of primary and secondary sources. The findings show that the hadiths addressing the prohibition of nikah muhallil are authentic (shahih) and well-known (masyhur), supported by various hadith compilations and scholarly opinions. This practice is explicitly forbidden as it contradicts the objectives of Sharia (maqashid syariah) and undermines the moral and spiritual values of marriage. The implication of this study underscores the importance of structured hadith education and socialization to prevent society from engaging in legal manipulation that harms family integrity and Islamic values.  

The transformation of the modern labor market has posed significant challenges for young people, particularly in the form of career uncertainty, excessive work flexibility, and the mismatch between education and labor market demands. This study aims to explore how Indonesian youth respond to these conditions through the lens of ambivalence and resilience theories by Colombo & Rebughini. The research uses a qualitative method with in-depth interviews involving two university graduates working in fields unrelated to their academic backgrounds. The findings reveal that the lack of job stability, economic pressure, and educational mismatch drive young people to develop various adaptive strategies. These include personal resilience such as introspection and optimism, as well as social resilience supported by family and peer networks. Furthermore, the meaning of work among youth is shifting—not merely as a source of income, but as a space for self-actualization, skill relevance, and psychological comfort. This is consistent with previous studies in SINTA-indexed journals, which emphasize that Indonesian youth today are redefining success and meaningful work within an increasingly ambivalent social landscape. The study concludes that youth are not merely passive victims of economic uncertainty but are also active agents in constructing their own narratives of work and life. Therefore, it is essential for educational institutions, industries, and the state to provide adaptive environments that allow youth to grow sustainably within a dynamic labor ecosystem.

The Dark Indonesia Action is a symbol of the resistance and struggle of the youth in fighting for justice. The action not only took place in Jakarta but also in several regions including in Jember Regency, precisely in front of the DPRD building. The action, which was dominated by students, took place peacefully and orderly. Participants compactly used all-black clothes as a form of representation for the realization of one hundred days of leadership of the elected president. This research aims to analyze the dark Indonesia action that occurred in Jember using the social movement theory proposed by Charles Tilly, specifically through three main concepts, namely, repertoire, campaign, and WUNC (worthiness, unity, numbers, commitment) storefront. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach that focuses on the direct experience of individuals involved in the action. The results showed that the participants of the Indonesia Gelap action in Jember had fulfilled the three concepts proposed by Tilly. Thus, the Dark Indonesia action can be understood as a form of organized social movement that has structures, symbols, and a strong collective spirit in fighting for the aspirations of justice in the community.