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Corruption in Indonesia is a chronic problem that damages the social and economic structure of the country. This paper explores the history of corruption from feudal times to the modern era, highlighting corrupt practices as part of the culture of government. The government has taken serious steps by establishing anti-corruption regulations and institutions to eradicate corruption that harms society and the state. This research uses the literature study method with a focus on improving governance and increasing transparency as an effort to prevent corruption. Through qualitative analysis, this research evaluates the effectiveness of existing anti-corruption regulations and institutions, as well as understanding the impact of corruption on people's social and economic rights. The results show that the government has taken concrete steps, such as establishing the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and encouraging the use of information technology. However, the fight against corruption is faced with structural, cultural, instrumental and management barriers. Measures to improve governance and increase transparency are key to preventing corruption. Challenges include organized corruption, corrupt practices in the private sector, and non-compliance with regulations. Lack of resources is a constraint, and corruption in complex bureaucratic systems complicates case handling. Improving coordination, transparency, and public participation is needed to overcome these challenges. The government needs to continuously monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of corruption-fighting measures. Regular evaluation, public participation, and human resource capacity building are key to creating a strong and resilient system against corrupt practices. Collective awareness and cooperation between the government, anti-corruption organizations, and society are essential to build an Indonesia that is clean from corruption and just for all its people.  

This article provides a good understanding of the background, system, curriculum and problems in Islamic education in Malaysia. There are several important points in this article, namely about the background of Islamic education in Malaysia: The history of the arrival of Islam to Malaysia in the 14th century and its main role in society after the arrival of the Malays explains the roots of Islamic education in Malaysia. The presence of Islamic scholars and scholars in Islamic preaching in Malaysia reflects the importance of religious education in the culture and history of the country; Development of Islamic Education in Malaysia: this article details the development of Islamic education in Malaysia in three periods: the early period, the period of British rule, and the period after independence. These include the introduction of Islamic education subjects in public schools after independence and the establishment of Islamic higher education institutions; Islamic Education System in Malaysia: explains the structure of the Islamic education system in Malaysia, including its stages such as pre-school, primary, secondary, and pre-university education. An explanation of exams and qualifications also provides a good understanding of how students move through the education system. ; Educational Curriculum in Malaysia: The educational curriculum in Malaysia is explained with a focus on subjects, tests, and language of instruction; outlines changes in curriculum over time and the emphasis on languages of instruction, including English, in education; Problems and Policies in the Education System: covers several problems facing the Malaysian education system, such as access gaps, ethnic issues, and language of instruction. The government has responded with policies such as scholarship programs, skills-based education, and improved teacher training; Policies in the Education System: A number of policies that have been implemented in Malaysia, such as the Basic National Education and skills-based education programs, are also described in this paper providing a good view of the evolution and challenges of Islamic education in Malaysia as well as the government's efforts to overcome existing problems. . This is important to understand how Islamic education plays a role in Malaysia's multicultural and multiethnic society.      

This research was motivated by the need to assess the effectiveness of lesson plans prepared by class XI biology teachers with reference to the 2013 curriculum. This evaluation aims to understand to what extent the quality of lesson plans includes the expected competencies and to what extent these lesson plans can support an effective learning process. In addition, this study also wanted to evaluate the correlation between the contents of lesson plans and student learning outcomes, with the aim of identifying the extent to which the implementation of lesson plans based on Curriculum 13 had an impact on the level of understanding and academic achievement of students. This research uses a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Aek Songsongan with the research subject being a biology teacher. Data collected by interview technique. Data analysis techniques through data collection, data reduction, data display, and data conclusions. The results showed that the lesson plans based on the 2013 Curriculum have a significant correlation with student learning outcomes in Biology subject so that an organized and structured lesson plan helps enable more focused and efficient learning and encourages the use of innovative and participatory learning methods that involve students more actively.

There are still many legal violations regarding personal data via the internet and also regarding the financial risks suffered by bank customers. There are regulations that protect bank customers who use internet banking from the threat of cyber crime and what legal measures can be taken by bank customers who use internet banking if the customer's personal data is not protected or their personal data is leaked. The research design or structure used by the author in this research is Library Research. There are several laws and regulations that regulate the personal data of customers and also banks and bank customers who feel disadvantaged due to the dissemination of customer personal information. That legal protection efforts have been made but have not reflected the principle of balance that is needed. Bank customers who feel disadvantaged due to the distribution of customer personal information used by third parties. The need for better legal protection for customers.

The position of wealth functions to cover basic needs as provisions for carrying out worship to Allah, SWT. Assets in Islamic legal governance function to spread prosperity to the weaker sections of society. Therefore, the weak party's right to ownership of property must be released and distributed to other parties, whether requested or not. Economic inequality is a trigger for crimes committed because of poverty, such as theft. Islam views that poverty is not an insult, but Islam provides solutions to poverty alleviation such as by requiring the payment of zakat and encouraging infaq shodakoh and other forms of obligations which aim to care for the weak, such as waqf. Islam is very concerned about equal distribution of property ownership, in fact its concern is included in the structure of the pillars of Islam, namely the obligation to pay zakat.

Mathematics is a scientific field that investigates formless structures and forms of interaction within them. Mathematical interaction is a powerful tool used to express mathematical opinions verbally or in writing. The Think-Talk-Write (TTW) learning approach is designed to facilitate the construction, reflection, and organization of new mathematical views. This study aims to explore the efficacy of using TTW learning examples as a tactic to enhance the quality of students' mathematical communication, and to assess the impact of this approach. In order to achieve these goals, researchers used classroom action research in two stages of testing. The study involved 21 students in grade VIII at SMP Parulian 1 Medan. The initial ability test revealed that the students' mathematical communication ability scores were 34.2%. After conducting test activities in cycle I, the average mathematical communication ability of students rose to 36.8%. In the second cycle (II), the percentage result increased to 88%. The results of the research demonstrate that students in Class VIII at SMP Parulian 1 Medan experience a significant improvement in their mathematical communication skills through learning via the Think-Talk-Write model. We can conclude that this approach is an effective way to enhance students' mathematical communication skills.    

This research is based on problems regarding students who are less interested in participating in extracurricular activities, students in the process of participating in extracurricular activities are less enthusiastic about following directions, and lack the ability to focus. With this, the problem can be formulated from this, namely what are the factors that influence students' interest in choosing extracurricular activities at SMPN 4 Bukit Barisan District. The aim of this research is to reveal the factors that influence students' interest in choosing scout and tahfidz extracurricular activities at SMPN 4, Bukit Barisan District, 50 City District. This type of research uses field research which is descriptive quantitative using factorial analysis. The key informants were class VII students and class VIII students, as well as supervising teachers in extracurricular activities. To collect data, the authors conducted interviews and questionnaires (questionnaire). After the data is collected, it is processed and analyzed. The result of the research is that students' interest in choosing extracurricular activities at SMPN 4 Bukit Barisan District. Factors that influence student interest are intrinsic factors which include ability, temperament, character, physical structure, teachers, facilities, peers, habits. . The results of the analysis obtained are the matrix component values ​​for the ability variable (0.852), temperament variable (0.727), physical structure variable (0.835), teacher variable (0.849), facility variable (0.816), peer variable (0.851), parents (0.821 ), habit variables (0.812). From the results of this research it can be concluded that the variables are willingness, needs, motivation, family support, school environment. So the researcher concludes that the most dominant factor influencing students' interest in choosing extracurricular activities is the factor that has the highest value, namely ability variable (0.852). This shows that most students' interest in choosing extracurricular activities is influenced by the students' own abilities, so teachers should always arouse students' interest in choosing extracurricular activities through developing the factors that influence them in each extracurricular activity, especially the students' abilities.

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh partisipasi pengambilan keputusan terhadap kinerja organisasi yang dimediasi oleh komitmen kerja membangun perusahaan percetakan dan penerbitan kota semarang, provinsi jawa tengah, Indonesia. Berdasarkan tujuan utama penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan deskriptif korelatif berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan yang telah dilakukan pada tahun 2021. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari karyawan yang bekerja pada perusahaan penerbitan di kota semarang yang mempunyai kantor cabang sebagai distributor di bagian penjualan. Jumlah pegawai di kantor pusat dan cabang sebanyak 1.260 orang. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 200 orang, dengan teknik probabilitas sampling. Model kerangka teori yang dibuat menunjukkan adanya variabel intervening yang berfungsi untuk menguji hipotesis yang diajukan. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), dengan menggunakan Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, komitmen organisasi dan individu mempunyai pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi. The main purpose of this research is to study the impact of participation on decision-making towards organizational performance mediated by workplace commitment to construct a printing and publishing company in Semarang City, province of central Java, Indonesia. Based on the main purpose this research is an applied research descriptive correlative based on data collected which had been done in 2021. The research population consists of employees who work in publishing companies in the city of Semarang which have branch offices as distributors in sales. The number of employees at the head office and branches is 1,260 people. The number of samples taken was as many as 200 people, with a probability sampling technique. The theoretical frame model that has been made shows the existence of intervening variables, those to test the hypothesis which is already proposed. Hypothesis testing is carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). The result of hypothesis examination shows that participation in decision-making, and organizational and individual commitment have a significant positive influence on organizational performance.

Pendidikan vokasional memiliki peranan penting dalam membekali para siswa dengan keterampilan dan pengetahuan yang relevan untuk memasuki dunia kerja. Di dalam lingkungan Pendidikan vokasional, pengelolaan pengetahuan memainkan peran penting dalam mengakuisi pengetahuan dan penggunaan pengetahuan dari berbagai sumber. Namun keberhasilan akuisisi pengetahuan tidak hanya terbatas pada aspek akademik, melainkan juga memiliki implikasi signifikan terhadap kesadaran karir siswa. Dalam teori pengembangan karir mengidentifikasi lima tahap perkembangan karir yaitu growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance and decline. Teori ini menekankan pada tahapan dan peran hidup dalam perkembangan karir namun tidak menjelaskan bagaimana mengelola karir individu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi apakah proses pengelolaan pengetahuan memiliki peran antara kesadaran karir dan kinerja akademik pada siswa pendidikan vokasional dibidang perkeretaapian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Structure Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM). Populasi pada penelitian adalah taruna pada tingkat III sebanyak 66 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Teknik Non Probality Sampling yaitu dengan Sampling Jenuh (Sensus) dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh hipotesis diterima, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kinerja akademik siswa dapat dibangun jika siswa memiliki kesadaran karir berbasis pengetahuan yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan teori dan memberikan pemahaman kepada para manajer di bidang akademik tentang apa yang harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja akademik.

This study describes the contemporary education system in the Republic of Egypt. Since the revolu-tionary era of 1952, Egypt has sought to expand access to education opportunities for the commu-nity as a prerequisite for the country's social and economic development. In this study, a literaturereview was conducted to obtain and describe Egyptian educational information based on references from various sources. The results show that Egypt has an education system with two parallel struc-tures, namely the secular structure and the religious structure of Al-Azhar. The secular structure isregulated by the ministry of education while the religious structure of Al-Azhar by the ministry of Al Azhar affairs or commonly referred to as the ministry of religion in other countries. In the de-scription of this article, it can be seen the similarities and differences between the education systemin Egypt compared to Indonesia. Each country's education system has advantages and disad-vantages, so the two countries can take each other's best practices to be adopted and taken intoconsideration in the development of the education system.    

Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Airport located in Bima regency, West Nusa Tenggara is the main terminal for the people of Bima and its surroundings who travel using air services. As the main terminal for Bima people who will travel by air service, Bima Airport must have a risk management system in accordance with applicable regulations, especially in the airside area where all aircraft operational activities take place in the airside area. This study aims to determine the suitability of the safety criteria of Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport and the steps taken by the airport in the event of a non-conformity or an event that can be categorized as hazard identification and Risk assessment (HIRA). This study used mixed methods Data collection was carried out by observation, structured interviews and documentation. The general data in this study is primary data and secondary data. Data analysis used using qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study are based on research that has been carried out based on ISO 31000 on Aviation Hazard Risk Management Analysis on the Airside Side as an effort to minimize the risk of accidents with the Hira method at Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Airport which is carried out using stages consisting of the risk identification stage, risk analysis and risk evaluation as well as the risk treatment stage, So from the study 10 dangers and risks that are likely to occur. Of the 10 risks, there are 9 risks in the red zone (high) and 1 risk in the yellow zone (medium). Of the 10 risks, they then get treatment or control because they are in the red zone and yellow zone. Controlling the possibility of 10 existing risks, Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Airport uses control measures in implementing measures to minimize the impact of possible risks that occur, namely avoiding and reducing risks. This is supported by risk treatment carried out by the company and adjusted to 10 risks that are likely to occur.

KAI access is the official application from KAI for making orders, as a means of boarding passes, train tickets. This application was created to make it easier, especially for KAI passengers, to order tickets, as a medium for finding route information and train schedules according to what train passengers need. Implementation of KAI Access is measured from four indicators including communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. Meanwhile, the level of satisfaction of PT service users. KAI is seen from 9 indicators including requirements, systems, mechanisms and procedures, costs/tariffs, product specifications, types of services, competency of implementers, behavior of implementers, handling complaints, suggestions and input, and facilities and infrastructure.The results of the research show that the cumulative score for KAI Access Implementation obtained a percentage of 84.29, which is in the high category, while the cumulative score for the level of satisfaction of PT service users. KAI obtained a percentage of 82.79, including the high category. The results of statistical calculations through the product moment correlation test obtained r_count > r_tabel (0.931 > 0.279) at a significance level of 5% with N-50, which means there is a positive influence of the implementation of KAI Access on the level of satisfaction of PT service users. KAI in Semarang City

Death or mortality is one of the three components of the demographic process that influences population structure, the other two components are birth (fertility) and population mobility. The purpose of this study was to determine the causes of mortality on population growth and to determine the relationship between mortality and population growth. This research is a study of the dynamics of mortality in Indonesia in the past and future projections based on data from UN publications and the Census from BPS Indonesia. This research based on the object is a survey research with quantitative methods for analysis. Meanwhile, based on the existence of the population, this study uses a sampling method. This research also shows that mortality indicators in Indonesia continue to increase each period. The crude death rate in Indonesia shows a quite drastic decline. This means that the degree of health in Indonesia shows improvement in each period.  

This research was conducted with the aim of understanding Consumer Perception of Crispy Anchovy Products from the Fishing Village of Maju Rawa Makmur, Palaran Subdistrict, Samarinda City. The research was carried out in the Fishing Village of Maju Rawa Makmur, Palaran Subdistrict, Samarinda City. The sampling methods used were purposive sampling and accidental sampling with 25 consumers. The data analysis method used was qualitative analysis, which is structured, focused, and specific, yet flexible and subject to change as needed.Based on the research findings, it was found that concerning the taste of crispy anchovies, the majority of consumers (80%) rated it as "quite liked," indicating that most consumers find the taste of crispy anchovies to be quite enjoyable, with only a small portion finding it very delicious. Regarding the color of crispy anchovies, the majority of consumers (84%) rated it as "quite liked," suggesting that most consumers have a positive view of the product's color. As for the packaging of crispy anchovies, the majority of consumers (84%) rated it as "quite liked," showing that most consumers find the product's packaging to be quite good, with a small portion finding it very good. Regarding the price of crispy anchovies, the majority of consumers (76%) rated it as "liked" or even "very liked," indicating that most consumers have a positive view of the product's price. Although there is a small portion that only finds it "quite liked," the satisfaction level with the price appears to be relatively high based on consumer evaluations.    

This research uses a qualitative descriptive case study type approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis from the results of observations, interviews and documentation begins with data reduction, data presentation and ends with drawing conclusions.The results of this study are: 1) Management of Head Masters  in increasing the recruitment of new students starts with a work plan that is formulated from objectives based on the school's vision and mission. The principal has three principles that the first principal can do; planning, the second; announcement of information, the third; file selection, 2) Implementation management of Head Masters  in the recruitment of new students takes organizing actions to create a good new student committee structure, in application through three processes namely planning, information announcement, file selection.      

Hepatic cirrhosis (SH) is a disease/group of diseases that infects the liver, characterized by loss of liver lobular architecture due to fibrosis and damage to parenchymal cells and their regeneration which ultimately forms a nodular structure. According to its clinical manifestations, this disease has a long latent period but is followed by sudden abdominal swelling, abdominal pain, hematemesis, edema and jaundice. In the next phase, the most prominent symptoms include jaundice, ascites, portal hypertension, and central nervous system abnormalities that end in coma. SH is infecting the whole world. SH is the eleventh leading cause of mortality and the fifteenth leading cause of morbidity worldwide. There are many things that have been proven to cause SH, including infections, toxins, hereditary conditions, and even autoimmune processes. Some of the complications that arise from SH include gastroesophageal varices (affecting the stomach and esophagus), hypersplenism (affecting the splenic organs), hepatorenal syndrome (affecting the kidneys) and even hepatic encephalopathy (affecting the central nervous system).

The rapid response to COVID-19 by central and local governments relies on Circular Letters, convenient policy tools requiring no external approval. Despite their ease of use, Circular Letters often trigger debates and legal disputes due to inconsistencies in content and legal status.The research methodology employed is normative legal research, conducted by examining library materials or secondary data. The findings of the study reveal that the existence of Circular Letters, which is a form of policy regulation, results from the discretionary power vested in the government. However, as discussed above, there is a lack of consistency among officials regarding the format and content of Circular Letters, leading to some Circular Letters containing legal norms that are generally binding on the public. In contrast, according to the Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform of the Republic of Indonesia Number 80 of 2012 and the Regulation of the Head of the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2014, Circular Letters are classified as administrative document products. Consequently, the implication of this research is that Circular Letters should only serve as internal communication tools, providing notifications within the internal organizational structure.

This research was carried out on industrial companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) with the title "Analysis of the influence of profitability, asset structure and liquidity on the capital structure of textile and garment industrial companies listed on the IDX". This research uses quantitative data with secondary data sources. This research uses methodspurposive sampling, The sample data in this research is 18 samples from the 2019-2021 period. This research uses multiple linear analysis techniques, partially this research states that 1) Profitability has a significant effect on capital structure, 2) Asset structure has a significant effect on capital structure, 3) Liquidity has a significant effect on capital structure, 4) profitability, structure assets and liquidity together (simultaneously) have a significant effect on capital structure. In the determination test it was found that the magnitude of the influence of profitability, asset structure and liquidity on capital structure was 93.6%, while it was 6.4% (100% - 93 .6%) is influenced by other factors on the capital structure of companies in the Textile and Garment Sub-Sector Industry for the 2019-2021 period, explained by variables outside the independent variables of this research.

This research was structured with the aim of knowing the application of religious culture, and the impact of the application of religious culture on the spiritual intelligence of students, as well as to find out the inhibiting and supporting factors in the application of religious culture at SDN 35/VI Seling Kab, Merangin, Jambi. This type of research is qualitative research. Data sources who are key informants are students, and supporting informants are educators. Data was collected through using observation, documentation and interviews. The results showed that the forms of the application of the religious culture of students at SDN 35/VI Seling were congregational prayers, the culture of tadarus Al-Qur'an and prayer together, Istighosah and Asmaul Husna, mutual respect and tolerance, Islamic school dress code, smiles, greetings and greetings (3S), disciplined school members, school members who take care of the beauty of themselves, the room and the school environment, Islamic boarding schools, commemoration of Islamic holidays. The impact of applying religious culture to the spiritual intelligence of students is the midday prayer in congregation and the Islamic way of dressing trains students to feel the presence of Allah, congregational prayers, istighosah and asmaul husna trains students to get used to always remembering and praying to Allah, Tadarus Al-Qur'an makes the habit of reading Al-Qur'an students increasing. Mutual respect and tolerance makes students tend to be good, mutual respect and tolerance at school makes students treat people well and like to help others. The supporting and inhibiting factors for the application of students' religious culture are from the school principal, educators, students, from the community and parents, as well as facilities and infrastructure.

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.