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The essence of guidance and counseling itself is to provide understanding, knowledge and skills to individuals in order to achieve optimal independence and potential. The development of guidance and counseling has been increasing rapidly to date not only in schools, but also in society, especially in social institutions, namely orphanages. This happens due to the development of an increasingly advanced world of technology, so orphanage children must have the insight and skills to deal with it. The purpose of this activity is to help and provide understanding to orphanage children regarding the difficulties they face both in the personal, social, learning, and recovery fields. Guidance and counseling services are carried out at the Kisaran Timur Muhammadiyah (daughter) orphanage. The type of research conducted is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques by observation and interviews. The results of the study revealed that the need for guidance and counseling services in orphanages as a place to complain about their ups and downs in living a life that is certainly different from children in general, this is evidenced by the enthusiasm of those who are passionate about participating in guidance and counseling services.

Nutritional intake is very important for optimal growth and health in the future. Factors that directly affect children's nutritional health problems, namely children not getting enough balanced nutritious food. Nutritional problems in toddlers can be avoided if the mother has sufficient knowledge about how to feed and manage toddler food properly, one of which is by getting health education. The purpose of this community service is to increase the understanding of PKK Jimus Village mothers to be able to apply balanced nutrition on serving plates for toddlers. The community service method is carried out by counseling, discussion, and mentoring. As for the results of the service, it was found that counseling and mentoring accompanied by discussions with PKK Jimus Village mothers had a positive impact on the understanding and application of balanced nutrition on serving plates for toddlers.

Children are the seeds of the nation and state that will continue the struggle and ideals of the nation. Therefore, children need guidance and direction from an early age from their parents to face the various struggles they will achieve. While the family is the smallest group unit that is first encountered by children and it is from the family that children get non-formal education for the first time. Therefore, parenting is very important in educating children for their success in the future. Services and fulfillment carried out for children in orphanages are useful so that children can learn to be independent and not depend on others after leaving the orphanage. The education and skills obtained at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage have a strong personal attitude, are optimistic about themselves, and can open themselves up to always be enthusiastic about living the wheel of life. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, using data collection methods, namely observation and interviews. The purpose of this study is to find out how the parenting style of children at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage, the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in improving children's learning achievement at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage. Based on research conducted by researchers, the parenting style that is applied to children at the Aisyiyah Orphanage is democratic parenting, namely by giving affection, providing guidance, looking after, and also providing education and good parenting to children. In addition there are several factors inhibiting children's learning in improving learning achievement, namely limited funds or economy, then the supporting factors are the environment.

The first education of a child is parents, parents forbid how children behave and behave, every human being has a different way of shaping children's behavior, but it is different from children who live in foster care, children who are in orphanages are children who have deficiencies in the economy , children who do not have parents and others, those who are in orphanages are educated by foster parents or better known as caregivers. The focus of the researcher's research is to find out the efforts of caregivers in developing the discipline of orphanage children, in orphanages the attitudes and behavior of children are formed, namely how they work and behave, especially in forming child discipline. Caregivers have an important role in educating orphans both in small and big matters, various efforts are made by caregivers so that they can make foster children become good individuals and be able to be responsible for what is assigned to them so that they become trained. At the Aisyiyah Orphanage, giving punishment is the most frequently used effort by caregivers to make the orphanage children discipline, especially for children who have been repeatedly advised but are not deterred. This research method is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach

Foster parents play an important role in exploring and developing the creative potential of foster children. Foster parents play a very important role in motivating children, as well as directing the activities of foster children so that they are useful in the future. One of them is motivating and directing children to participate in creativity development activities in the form of handicrafts. Creativity is an important thing in a person's life because it can make a person more productive and improve the quality of life and make it easier to find a way out of a problem. Through children's orphanages with various activities that are able to develop themselves both physically and spiritually. Orphanages can also form children's personalities to become independent and accustomed to things that train children to be more perfect. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of foster parents in developing the creativity of orphanage children through training. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and data obtained through observation and interviews. The location of this research is located at the Yatim Putri Bhakti Orphanage, Ms. Lubuk Attitude. With this research, it can be seen that the role of foster parents in increasing the creativity of orphans through training at the Yatim Putri Bhakti Orphanage, Mrs. Lubuk Kapaning, is by providing handicraft training, orphanage children can develop their creativity and become independent.

The problem in this study is the impact of orphanage parenting on the behavior of the children at the Ibrahim Situjuah Batua orphanage. Which parenting style is applied by the foster parents in the orphanage will have a major effect on a child's behavior because it is from the parenting style that the behavior will be maturely formed, both good behavior and bad behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the parenting style of the orphanage on children's behavior. This study used a descriptive method with data collection techniques by means of observation and interviews. With the observation and interviews, the data obtained is clearer and more accurate.

This study aims to describe the condition of speech disorders experienced by children aged 5 years. Technical data collection is done through observation and interviews with children who are the object of research. The results of observations and analyzes carried out refer to psycholinguistic studies related to language disorders. It was found that the speech disorder experienced by Djiat was caused by a disturbance in his nervous system which was triggered by an injury or trauma during the prenatal period. Speech disorders are also caused by the lack of a good stimulus from the environment. Thus, children who experience difficulties in transformation really need communication activities. One of the symptoms in children with language and speech disorders is that there are pronunciation errors, both in the mechanism of the movement of the points of articulation and in the pronunciation. Handling that can be done for children who experience language and speech disorders is to do speech therapy, oral motor, and melodic intonation

Background: Social problems that often arise in preschool-aged children are excessive fearful behavior such as fear of separation, fear of new people and withdrawn behavior described by children as not wanting to socialize, being alone, not wanting to play with other children, being busy with their own toys. This behavior can be caused by environmental factors that do not encourage and stimulate children to socialize, so that this behavior is not experienced by children, it is necessary for parents and the environment to consider and give more love and attention to children, to spend time with children, to be good listeners. , involve themselves in children's activities, maintain attitudes towards children (Ashary, Rahamma & Fatimah, 2015). Social problems in children such as maladjustment, namely self-adjustment to a new environment also often occur and children who feel satisfied with their behavior but the social environment cannot accept it, for example children who have bossy behavior, are arrogant, the child feels that he is not wrong but the environment around him feels disturbed with this behavior (Tirtayani, Asril & Wirya, 2014).

Objective: Over-retained tooth is condition when the primary tooth as retainer of the permanent tooth not exfoliate promptly, while permanent tooth has been erupted. The oral health problems in Makassar  reported anomalies of tooth development and eruption were in the second place with 8.897 cases in 2018. Mangasa  Public Health Center (PHC) possessed the highest number of over-retained tooth cases which becomes their primary problem in this category. Children's oral and dental health particularly over-retained tooth is largely determined by the awareness of their mothers’ behaviour and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between mothers’ knowledge towards dentition and over-retained tooth during mixed dentition case on children aged 7-11 years in Mangasa PHC area. Method: This study was analytical observation research with cross sectional design. There were 106 samples of children aged 7-11 years together with their mothers in Mangasa PHC obtained by using simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaire and children's oral examination. Data were analyzed by the ChiSquare test. The results of this study showed that 54.7% of children in Mangasa PHC area had over-retained tooth. The high level of mother's knowledge about dentition was 55.7% Result: The results of the analysis between the mother's knowledge of dentition and over-retained tooth obtained value of p = 0,0001. Conlusion: There was a significant correlation between mothers knowledge of dentition and occurrence of over-retained tooth among children aged 7-11 years in Mangasa PHC area.

Legal protection of children refers to all actions that ensure and safeguard children and their rights so that they can live, grow, develop, and engage maximally in line with human dignity and honour, as well as get protection from violence and discrimination within legal laws. In Indonesia, the proportion ranges from 22 to 100%, indicating that the aforementioned conditions occur often. As a result, researchers are interested in performing this study utilising normative research methodologies. Legal protection for minors who distribute pornographic videos on social media, choosing to release minors, is regulated by Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, Article 16 (1) Every child has the right to receive protection from being the target of abuse, torture, or inhumane punishment, (2) Every child has the right to obtain freedom in accordance with the law, and (3) Arrest, detention, or incarceration of a child must be carried out in accordance with relevant legislation and only as a last option. And advocate LPKA in the form of independence coaching, which includes instruction for foster children in skills that may be developed after the foster time ends, such as sewing. Meanwhile, personality development is moral development, with the goal of providing foster children with an understanding of social norms as well as an understanding of themselves so that they can accept responsibility for all actions they take and refrain from repeating illegal actions. Suggestions in this protection are expected to be safeguarded by anybody, regardless of circumstance, and the local government needs to get to the field to inspect the status of special child development institutions so that any deficiencies may be corrected quickly, allowing development to proceed correctly.

Stunting remains a chronic nutritional issue affecting human resource quality in Indonesia, particularly children under five years old. High prevalence of stunting impacts long-term cognitive development, physical growth, and productivity of the young generation (Ministry of Health, 2023). This community service aims to optimize the role of public administration in disseminating policies and programs to reduce stunting through education, training, and direct community assistance. Activities were carried out through coordination with government officials, community health cadres, and local leaders, using local communication media to raise awareness about nutrition. The results indicate an increase in community knowledge on stunting, balanced nutrition practices, and active involvement of both officials and residents in stunting reduction programs. Optimizing public administration through capacity building, cross-sector coordination, and information technology utilization supports program targets. This service recommends strategies for sustainable, participatory, and data-driven program implementation. Enhancing community concern for orphans is an essential aspect of inclusive and sustainable social development. This community service activity aims to implement strategies of empathetic communication and social management to improve the quality of social interactions and community attention toward orphans. The method applied was a participatory and qualitative descriptive approach, involving both the community and orphans in all stages of the activity, from planning, implementation, to evaluation. The results indicate a significant improvement in social interaction quality between the community and orphans. The children exhibited positive emotional responses, such as comfort, acceptance, and appreciation, while the community demonstrated increased participation, collective responsibility, and structured social management skills. The integration of empathetic communication and social management produced dual impacts: enhanced emotional well-being of orphans and strengthened social empathy within the community. These findings suggest that this strategy can serve as a sustainable model for social care activities and can be replicated in other communities. Therefore, the application of empathetic communication and social management has the potential to support inclusive social development, foster community solidarity, and improve the welfare of vulnerable groups sustainably.

The family planning program is an effort to increase public awareness and participation through maturation of marriage age, birth control, fostering family resilience, and improving family welfare in order to realize a small, happy and prosperous family. IUD (Intra Uterine Device) is a plastic contraceptive that has a shape like the letter "T" and is installed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy Implant is a hormonal contraceptive method that is effective, not permanent and can prevent pregnancy between three and five years. This contraceptive is in the form of an empty silastic (silicone rubber) capsule filled with hormones and the ends of the capsule are sealed with silastic adhesive. Contraceptives are important for improving the quality of life of women and their families. They not only prevent unwanted pregnancies, but also reduce the number of abortions. And contraceptive use can help manage family income by spacing pregnancies and paving the way for women to work. Contraceptives have also been shown to lower maternal and infant mortality rates by spacing births and determining the number of children to be born. The use of long-acting contraceptives such as IUDs, implants, vasectomies, and tubectomies should be more widely promoted. The use of long-term contraceptives is the main need to reduce the rate of population increase.

Stunting remains a chronic nutritional issue affecting human resource quality in Indonesia, particularly children under five years old. High prevalence of stunting impacts long-term cognitive development, physical growth, and productivity of the young generation (Ministry of Health, 2023). This community service aims to optimize the role of public administration in disseminating policies and programs to reduce stunting through education, training, and direct community assistance. Activities were carried out through coordination with government officials, community health cadres, and local leaders, using local communication media to raise awareness about nutrition. The results indicate an increase in community knowledge on stunting, balanced nutrition practices, and active involvement of both officials and residents in stunting reduction programs. Optimizing public administration through capacity building, cross-sector coordination, and information technology utilization supports program targets. This service recommends strategies for sustainable, participatory, and data-driven program implementation.

Stunting remains a chronic nutritional issue affecting human resource quality in Indonesia, particularly children under five years old. High prevalence of stunting impacts long-term cognitive development, physical growth, and productivity of the young generation (Ministry of Health, 2023). This community service aims to optimize the role of public administration in disseminating policies and programs to reduce stunting through education, training, and direct community assistance. Activities were carried out through coordination with government officials, community health cadres, and local leaders, using local communication media to raise awareness about nutrition. The results indicate an increase in community knowledge on stunting, balanced nutrition practices, and active involvement of both officials and residents in stunting reduction programs. Optimizing public administration through capacity building, cross-sector coordination, and information technology utilization supports program targets. This service recommends strategies for sustainable, participatory, and data-driven program implementation.

Background: Sexual violence and sexual deviations that afflict children in their own environment are caused by a lack of sex education for children. The purpose of this community service is to increase mother's knowledge about preventing sexual violence in children. The method of implementation is counseling about the prevention of sexual violence in children. This Community Service activity was carried out at PAUD Muslifa Bengkulu. Implementation time in May 2022. Participants of this community service activity are mothers who have children aged 3-6 years at PAUD Muslifa Bengkulu with a total of 30 people. The activity is carried out in stages (1) providing an explanation of the prevention of sexual violence against children and the purpose of the activity; (2) provide knowledge about the prevention of sexual violence in children. The results of the activity showed that there was an increase in mother's knowledge about preventing sexual violence in children. After participating in this activity, mothers can apply knowledge about preventing sexual violence against children. Keywords: children, sexual violence, knowledge.

Background : Diarrhea is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. According to data from the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2013 diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between mother's education level, occupation, income, mother's knowledge, and latrine ownership with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Bram Itam Kiri Village.Methods : Using a cross sectional approach with a population of 166 mothers, the number of samples was 68 respondents. The sampling technique was carried out using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire sheet and analyzed univariate and bivariate using chi square analysis.Results : The level of education in the low category is 48.5%, employment in the unemployed category is 58.9%, income in the low category is 70.6%, knowledge in the poor category is 83.8%, latrine ownership in the category does not meet terms of 61.8%. Bivariate results of education level (0.003), mother's occupation (1,000), family income (0.019), knowledge (0.028), and latrine ownership (0.002) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five.Conclusion : There is a relationship between the level of education, family income, knowledge, and ownership of latrines, and there is no relationship between the mother's occupation and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five.      

One of the stunting locations in East Tanjung Jabung Regency is located in Geragai Sub-district, Pandan Lagan Village. According to data from the Puskesmas in 2019, the incidence of stunting in Pandan Lagan Village was 35 toddlers, in 2020 it was 17 stunting children out of a total of 70 children in Pandan Lagan Village. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal nutritional status, history of maternal conditions, and maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK with the incidence of stunting in Pandan Lagan Village. This type of research is quantitative research, using a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples to be studied with the Lemeshow Formula is 45 respondents. The dependent variable is stunting and the independent variables are maternal nutritional status (pre-pregnant maternal BMI and weight gain during pregnancy), history of maternal conditions (maternal age during pregnancy, birth spacing), and maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet, then the data was processed through data editing, data coding, data entry, data cleaning, and data processing, then analyzed univariate, bivariate with a chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression test. Based on the results of the study, there is a relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal BMI with a risk of 4,464 times, weight gain with a risk of 3,75 times, maternal age during pregnancy with a risk of 3,0 times, and spacing of babies with a risk of 2,444 times with the incidence of stunting. There is no relationship between maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK and the incidence of stunting with a p-value = 0,114, and it is known that the pre-pregnancy mother's BMI variable is the variable that has the greatest influence on infants with stunting nutritional status (odds ratio = 15,943). For this reason, it is expected to be more intensive in educating couples of childbearing age, pre-pregnant mothers, or early on to adolescent girls to pay attention to factors that affect stunted children, especially to have an ideal BMI so that it will reduce the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.    

Background: Children are the greatest family asset, where in their growth and development stages children need proper nutrition, stimulation, and parenting so that they are in their golden age or golden age (0-5 years). Based on the National Household Health Survey (SKRT), there are 75 million children under five who have difficulty controlling BAK and defecating (bedwetting) until preschool age. Toilet training is best done from an early age to instill good habits in children. This study aims to determine the level of maternal knowledge about toilet training for toddlers at the Kepaon Denpasar Praja Praja hostel. Methods: This study uses descriptive research methods. The research was carried out in the Denpasar Kepaon Raksaka Praja Dormitory, with a total sample of 44 mothers. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. The method of data collection is by distributing questionnaire sheets. The data were processed using the Excel Microsof computer program and SPSS. Results: The results of the research of 44 respondents, namely the level of knowledge of mothers about toilet training for toddlers, all of them had a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 32 (72.7%), as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) had a good level of knowledge, and as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) have a low level of knowledge. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the level of mother's knowledge about toilet training for toddlers in the Denpasar Kepaon Praja Raksaka hostel is in the sufficient category.

This journal writing was conducted to discuss the topic of Islamic Inheritance Law, especially in terms of transferring assets through a mandatory will. This study uses normative juridical and empirical juridical methods with data in the form of secondary data. This research has the result that KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law), as a rational formulation of Islamic Inheritance Law, has practically explained the rules of Obligatory wills. Obligatory wills in KHI are an alternative in giving inheritance to adopted children. Then in the development of inheritance law in court institutions, in this case the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, actually made the Obligatory will as a way to provide inheritance shares for heirs of different religions. The obligatory testament rules as an alternative to the transfer of rights to the wealth of non-Muslim heirs must still pay attention to the principles. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia has expanded Article 209 KHI by adding parties that can receive a mandatory will, including heirs who are prevented from inheriting because they are non-Muslims.

This study aims to determine the parenting style of parents in building children's independence, because the role of parents is very important in building independence in children. Education in early childhood is an effort to stimulate, guide and provide learning aimed at developing skills in children. Parents as caregivers of children must have an understanding of their child's development. The development of children's intelligence at an early age develops optimally at the age of 4 years. Along with these developments, children will actively move, imitate units, or say something to interact with those around them. Therefore, the development of a child is influenced by the treatment of parents and families towards him.