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Administrative process optimization is a systematic effort to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality in the execution of administrative tasks within the company, while facilities management and demand for goods and logistics focus on improving operational efficiency and effectiveness, which will apply the WBS method to decompose complex tasks into more manageable components. This analysis is expected to increase visibility, engagement, and understanding of each stage in the administrative, facilities management, and logistics management processes, enabling more targeted and impactful change implementation. Overall, this research is geared towards achieving improved performance and efficiency at PT XYZ through the application of WBS methodology in the context of the company's administration and logistics.    

This research aims to analyze the influence of several factors that influence company value from an accounting perspective. The factors studied include capital structure, profitability, dividend policy, cash levels, and financial performance. This research was conducted to provide a deeper understanding of how these variables can influence company value. The research method used is a qualitative analysis method which is suitable for analyzing the relationship between variables. One source of data is taken from the company's annual financial reports over a certain time period. It is hoped that the results of this analysis will provide a clear picture of the extent of the influence of each variable on company value. The results of this research can be a guide for company management in making decisions regarding capital structure, dividend policy, and efforts to improve financial performance. In addition, the findings of this research can also provide insight to investors, financial analysts and regulators regarding the factors that need to be considered in assessing the health and value of a company. The conclusions of this research are expected to contribute to the accounting and finance literature by providing a better understanding of the relationship between capital structure, profitability, dividend policy, cash levels, financial performance, and firm value. This research can also be a basis for further research in exploring other factors that might also influence company value in an accounting context.

The development of science and technology today is growing so rapidly, this has had a huge impact on human life. One example of technology that is developing so rapidly is the use of digital applications as a technique for depicting building structures. For example, these digital applications include AutoCAD, Revit and SketchUp design software. This application is a phenomenon that shows technological developments and the current needs of the architecture and construction industry. Depicting building structures using digital applications is the process of creating a digital model of the building to be built. a process of creating building engineering drawings in 3D (three-dimensional) form using computer applications that meet design standards. Digital applications can simplify and speed up the process of designing, implementing and maintaining buildings. Digital applications can also help save costs, time and resources, as well as reduce errors, conflicts and waste.  

This study aims, to test and analyze, the effect of .work motivation and work ability on the performance of MSMEs in Tanggulangin District .both partially and, simultaneously..This type of research is quantitative, the data collection method uses a structured questionnaire given to respondents and .measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The. survey population is MSMEs in Tangulangin .District. The sampling method used in this, study was non-probability sampling, the number of samples investigated was 63 sectors. The data analysis technique used in this research is the SPSS 24 application program. To ensure that the data is not biased, validity and reliability checks are carried out. The results, of the analysis show that work motivation. has a positive and significant. effect on the performance of MSMEs in Tanggulangin District, work ability .has a positive and insignificant effect on the .performance of MSMEs in Tanggulangin District, and together work motivation, and work ability .have a positive and significant effect.on the performance of MSMEs in Tanggulangin District.

This reasearch aimed to determine the condition of ceramic industry in Malang City and calculate the market structure of ceramic industry in detail by using market structure approach. This approach can be calculated by using market share, Hirchman Herfindahl Index (IHH), and CR4 (Concentration Ratio for Biggest Four). This study used quantitative descriptive analysis with the markets as the object of study. The result of the study showed that the market had the largest concentration ratio with 12.12% that led to the market structure of competition. The value for IHH was 0.05 that led to the perfect competition market because its value was between zero and one. Then, the value of CR4 was 0.36 that led to perfect competition market structure because its value was < 20%. It can be concluded that the degree of ceramic industry business in Malang City went to perfect competition market structure.

Over time, the progress of science, technology and information is growing very rapidly. One of the things related to this problem is that the children of the nation must now master and study the developing science and technology. Utilizing science technology is now very important. The computer is one example of a technological tool that can be used. Regarding computers, we must first study in detail about programming algorithms that have applications and functions for us in education and everyday life. The purpose  of writing this article is to examine the application and function of programming algorithms. Then the writing of this article use the literature study method and library research, namely by studying systematically and structured about programming algorithms. Data collection is done by online books or offline books, reputable scientific journals and sources from Google Scholar, Digital Library, website research and so on. The result of writing this article is that the application or presentation of programming algorithms can be seen in examples of application in mathematics. Writing an algorithm is not bound by a certain rule, but it must be clear what it means for each step of the algorithm. Many functions are very important in programming algorithms. The main function of programming algorithms is to solve a problem. This algorithm is an important thing in the activity of making a program.

This research analyzes the dressing table products of PT XYZ using anthropometric methods, taking into consideration body measurements such as hip width, thigh length, seated body height, and elbow length. The primary objective is to assess the suitability of product dimensions with human body structure from an anthropometric perspective. The process of testing data uniformity involves calculating the average of observation results, standard deviation, and establishing upper and lower control limits with the coefficient value of k. Adequacy testing of data is conducted to evaluate the quantity of collected data. Subsequently, ideal dimensions for the dressing table product will be determined. The analysis results indicate significant differences between the initial dimensions and the ideal dimensions, concluding that adjustments to product dimensions are necessary. Therefore, it is recommended that PT XYZ make adjustments to the dimensions of the dressing table product based on anthropometric principles to enhance user comfort and customer confidence in the product.                                        

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the implementation of structured and unstructured midterm exams (daily tests) in two different schools. The selection of the right evaluation method is a determining factor in assessing learning outcomes. The selection of the right evaluation method plays a crucial role in assessing learning outcomes. In the face of the complexity of unstructured evaluation, it is important to understand how educational institutions can develop and implement effective evaluation strategies. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study research type (Case Study) with a research focus in two different institutions. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed that structured midterm exams and unstructured midterm exams have their own advantages and disadvantages. Structured midterm exams can provide more accurate and accountable test results. However, structured midterm exams can make it difficult for students to understand the material presented by the teacher. On the other hand, unstructured midterm exams can encourage students' enthusiasm and diligence. However, unstructured midterm exams can make students stressed and anxious because they do not know when the midterm exam will be held.

In the era of globalization, effective cross-cultural management is crucial for organizations operating in diverse environments. This study examines the cross-cultural dynamics within Microsoft, a multinational technology company with a global workforce. Utilizing the frameworks of Hofstede and Trompenaars, along with insights into corporate culture types and organizational structures, the analysis delves into the cultural dimensions influencing Microsoft's operations. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Microsoft navigates cultural diversity in its global business environment, shedding light on the formation of core values and organizational behaviors. Through an in-depth examination, the analysis explores the implications of cross-cultural aspects on human resource management strategies, such as recruitment, performance management, and career development. Insights gained from this study can contribute to Microsoft's sustained global success by informing strategies related to cultural training, onboarding programs, and global rotations. Ultimately, understanding and managing cross-cultural nuances within Microsoft are imperative for fostering integration, collaboration, and optimal productivity among employees from diverse backgrounds and for guiding successful expansions and acquisitions in culturally distinct regions.    

The objectives of this study include: (1) To find out the transformation of macroeconomic consumption in the digitalization era. (2) To find out the opportunities for macroeconomic consumption in the digitalization era. (3) To find out the challenges of macroeconomic consumption in the digitalization era. This type of research uses field research. The method used in this research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection analysis uses interview analysis, literature study, and literature study. The results of interviews with Sharia Economics students of UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan regarding the transformation of macroeconomic consumption in the digitalization era show a significant impact on economic growth, income distribution, and industrial structure. In addition to pointing out the great opportunities in the digital era, such as increased operational efficiency and market access, it also discusses the challenges faced, such as inequality of internet access and the possibility of job loss. Discussions also addressed positive impacts, such as innovation and economic growth, as well as negative impacts, such as the digital divide and income distribution. To ensure a fair and sustainable impact of digitization in the long run, the importance of balanced regulation, consumer protection, and data security was emphasized.

Inclusive education is a process of responding to the diverse needs of all students. Various efforts can be made through changes and modifications in content, approaches, structures and strategies that can accommodate the needs of all students according to their age group. Implementing inclusive education requires schools to make adjustments in terms of curriculum, educational infrastructure and learning systems that are tailored to the individual needs of students, including assessing learning outcomes and determining grade promotion. The diversity of characteristics of students in inclusive schools certainly opens up opportunities for a very varied learning outcomes assessment system in determining grade promotion. The assessment system for learning outcomes for children with special needs has so far been the same as for other students. The assessment system commonly used in determining grade promotion for students in inclusive schools is based on the achievement of mental skills.

This research discusses the personality and emotions of the character Saka in the novel Egocentric by Syahid Muhammad. The aim of the research is to explain an in-depth and detailed understanding of the personality structure and emotional classification of the Saka character. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The approach used is literary psychology using Sigmund Freud's personality theory and David Krech's emotional classification theory. The data for this research is a quote from the novel Egocentric by Syahid Muhammad. The data collection method in this research uses the literature study method. The results and discussion show that Saka's character has an id, ego and superego personality structure and shows Saka's emotional classification.

Algorithms and programming play a crucial role in problem solving and software development. The origin of the word "algorithm" comes from "algorism," and its history can be traced to Abu Ja'far Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-khuwarizmi. This article presents definitions of algorithms from several sources, such as Kani (2020), Jando &; Nani (2018), Munir & Lidya (2016), and Sismoro (2005). The programming algorithm, as a series of logical and systematic steps, becomes the core in Troubleshooting. The research method applied is descriptive and qualitative, by collecting information from various sources, including books, journal articles, and research reports. The discussion in this article covers the significance of algorithms in everyday life and their application in computer programming. In addition, this article details the basic concepts of algorithms, the role of programming languages, and algorithm representation techniques. In the discussion section, it was revealed that algorithms involve logical and systematic steps to solve a task or problem. The basic structure of the algorithm includes repetition, branching, and sequential order. Programming languages contribute to simplifying human interaction with computers, increasing productivity, as well as facilitating software maintenance and development. Algorithms can be represented in the form of descriptive sentences, pseudocode, or flowcharts. Flowcharts use symbols to illustrate the steps of solving a problem. Repetition, branching, and sequential structures can be clearly described through flowcharts. This article provides a comprehensive overview of algorithms and programming, giving readers insight into the basic concepts, implementation, and importance of algorithms in the context of computer programming.

Algorithms and programming play a crucial role in problem solving and software development. The origin of the word "algorithm" comes from "algorism," and its history can be traced to Abu Ja'far Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-khuwarizmi. This article presents definitions of algorithms from several sources, such as Kani (2020), Jando &; Nani (2018), Munir & Lidya (2016), and Sismoro (2005). The programming algorithm, as a series of logical and systematic steps, becomes the core in Troubleshooting. The research method applied is descriptive and qualitative, by collecting information from various sources, including books, journal articles, and research reports. The discussion in this article covers the significance of algorithms in everyday life and their application in computer programming. In addition, this article details the basic concepts of algorithms, the role of programming languages, and algorithm representation techniques. In the discussion section, it was revealed that algorithms involve logical and systematic steps to solve a task or problem. The basic structure of the algorithm includes repetition, branching, and sequential order. Programming languages contribute to simplifying human interaction with computers, increasing productivity, as well as facilitating software maintenance and development. Algorithms can be represented in the form of descriptive sentences, pseudocode, or flowcharts. Flowcharts use symbols to illustrate the steps of solving a problem. Repetition, branching, and sequential structures can be clearly described through flowcharts. This article provides a comprehensive overview of algorithms and programming, giving readers insight into the basic concepts, implementation, and importance of algorithms in the context of computer programming.

This research falls into the qualitative descriptive category using primary and secondary data in order to analyze the development of manufacturing industry in Indonesia which tends to deindustrialization, whereas the manufacturing industry has a big contribution to the Gross Domestic Product, the absorption of employment, the income tax and the foreign exchange, the creation Value added, and technology transfer. The results of the research show that in order to create a tough industry in 2035, a strong foundation is required, and an inclusive transformation of Indonesia's economy in the manufacturing industry through the use of added value natural resources, the readiness of human resources and the supply of energy from renewable sources. The industry structure that Indonesia needs is an industry that has strong and synergistic links between industrial sub-sectors and with various other economic sectors, has high local content, can grow sustainably, and has resistance to the world economic turmoil.

Differentiated learning videos are learning method videos for educators delivered to students. Pragmatics is the science of language that studies the relationship between language and its context, grammatically or encoded in the structure of language use. In this research, there are expressive speech acts, namely a type of speech act in which the utterance states something or things that the speaker intends to feel, and directive speech acts are speech acts that express the speaker's intentions, which can be realized in the form of pragmatic statements. This article was written using descriptive research, which ultimately attempts to describe the speech spoken by the object, which is in accordance with the actual picture. This research uses a qualitative approach, namely by applying a qualitative descriptive method using data collection techniques, namely listening and note-taking analysis, which then uses collection analysis and matching analysis. This research aims to collect data, explain the data clearly, and analyze the forms of directive and expressive speech acts contained in differentiated videos. Differentiated video is a medium that allows the delivery of messages or information more specifically according to the target audience. Directive speech act analysis involves identifying commands, requests, or instructions given in the video, while expressive speech act analysis focuses on the expression of feelings, opinions, or expressions of emotion in that context. The results of the analysis show variations in the use of directive and expressive speech acts depending on the purpose of communication and audience characteristics. These findings provide insight into how differentiated video is used to achieve diverse communicative goals, including educating, motivating, or influencing audience actions. Based on the results of the analysis of expressive and directive speech acts in differentiated videos, it can be concluded that there were 23 forms of speech acts found. These speech acts consist of 7 expressive speech acts and 16 directive speech acts. The benefits of this research can provide guidance for content creators and communicators in designing and conveying messages effectively in differentiated video contexts by considering various speech acts that are appropriate to the situation and communication objectives.

Social media is not just a communication tool; it is a major force that shapes and changes social and cultural patterns in contemporary society. Its presence, as a result of advances in information technology in this era of globalization, not only changes the way we communicate, but also creates a deep transformation in the structure of social values and societal norms. These changes involve not only practical aspects, such as lifestyle, but also include the basics of behavior and worldview.With social media, we have entered an era where information can quickly and easily spread throughout the world. This opens the door to unprecedented global connectivity, allowing people to interact without the barriers of distance and geographical boundaries. However, behind this convenience, there are significant changes in the way we view and appreciate cultural values. The advantages of social media include its ability to accelerate the flow of information, facilitate intercultural interactions, and provide a platform for previously unheard voices. The spread of false information or hoaxes has become easier, and the impact on mental health, especially among the younger generation, is a serious concern.  

This research aims to determine the influence of students' learning activities on the ability to understanding mathematical concepts through the STEAM Learning Approach Makerspace model based on PBL on SPLDV materials. As for the type of research Quasi-Experiments. The population in this study was 90 students who were distributed into 3 classes with 2 classes that sampled grades VIII A and VIII C. The sampling techniques in this study used randomized classes and data collection techniques in this study were tests and observations, while the research instruments used preliminary tests and final tests to measure the ability to understand mathematical concepts and observation sheets to see students' learning activities. Data analysis techniques using a two-way ANOVA test. The research showed that there is an influence of the PBL-based Makerspace STEAM Learning Approach model on the ability to understand mathematical concepts, there is no influence on students' learning activities on mathematical concept comprehension capabilities, and there is no interaction between the PBL-based Stem Learning Approach Makerspace model and student learning activities on the ability to understand mathematical concepts. Conclusion, there is a positive direct effect of cognitive structures on the ability to understanding mathematical concepts.

The purpose of this research is to determine the important role of learning evaluation in the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. Assessment is a very important part of learning and teaching. If learning is important to foster students' spiritual development, then assessment needs to function as an informant to assess the success of learning. Without evaluation activities, it is impossible to find information about the pros and cons of the teaching activities carried out. In some rules, ethics and behavior cannot be ignored in evaluation. Therefore, it is very important to carry out an evaluation of the learning itself. This research approach is descriptive qualitative in which the informant is an Islamic Religious Education teacher who teaches at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. He was chosen by the researcher because he felt he was experienced and had the criteria to answer the questions given by the researcher. An in-depth semi-structured one-on-one interview was conducted to examine his views regarding the important role of learning evaluation in the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. This research found that in the evaluation stage at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar, the evaluation process activities at this school were carried out well. This is very useful for teachers and students, this can be seen from the evaluation process which consists of affective, cognitive and psychomotor assessments.

Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is a structure and mechanism that regulates the management of a company so as to create long-term sustainable economic value for shareholders and stakeholders. In achieving company goals, GCG has the principles of transparancy, accountability, responsibility, independence and fairness. This research uses qualitative methods and hermeneutic methods The purpose of this research is to find out how the Track Construction Company implements the principles of Good Corporate Governance in the novel "After All This Time" by Ollyjayzee, in an effort to solve the problems faced in working on the Sindur toll road project. We hope that this research can provide lessons and additional information to readers. The results obtained are that by implementing the principles of Good Corporate Governance, the Track Construction Company can avoid the problems that hinder the work on the Sindur toll road project.