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The research entitled The Effect of Liquidity and Profitability on the Value of Chemical Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period. The purpose of this study is to determine 1) the development of Liquidity and Profitability on company value, 2) to determine the partial effect of Liquidity and Profitability on company value, 3) to determine the simultaneous effect of liquidity and profitability on company value. This research is a quantitative research type. The sample used in the study was 12 chemical sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data collection techniques used documentation and literature studies. This study uses stock data of issuers included in the Chemical Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the Smart PLS 3.8 application. The results of descriptive statistics show that partial liquidity testing has a negative and insignificant effect on the value of chemical sub-sector manufacturing research on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021, marked with a significance value of 0.331, while partial results for profitability have a positive and significant effect on the value of chemical sub-sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021, marked with a significance value of 0.037 and 0.000 below the alpha level used 5%. The results of simultaneous testing show that two variables that are carefully examined, namely liquidity and profitability, have a positive and significant effect on the value of the company, this is indicated by a t-value of 13.671 with a significance value of 0.000 below the alpha level used 5%. The coefficient of determination (R2) shows that the contribution of liquidity and profitability variables to the maintenance value of chemical sub-sector manufacturing is 59.2%, the remaining 40.8% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model. This research suggests that many manufacturing companies in the chemical subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) performed poorly in 2019-2021, and therefore, they must further improve their performance.

This study examines the phenomenon of delays in the delivery of financial reports (audit report lag) which can cause negative reactions from investors and other users of financial reports. This delay is often seen as a bad signal and can indicate stock price fluctuations. Variables studied in this study include financial distress, profitability, and audit quality and their effects on audit report lag. This study uses objects in the form of manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in period 2018-2022. The study population includes all manufacturing companies, and the sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, which resulted in 50 companies as samples with a total of 250 observation data. The method used in this study is quantitative analysis with a statistical approach using multiple linear regression run on the SPSS version 25 program. Tests were conducted to determine the effect of financial distress, profitability, and audit quality on audit report lag. The results showed that financial distress has a positive effect on audit report lag, while profitability and audit quality have a negative effect on audit report lag.

This research examines the financial performance of PT Astra International Tbk during the period 2020-2023 through comprehensive profitability ratio analysis. The study employs multiple financial metrics including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), and Operating Profit Margin (OPM) to evaluate the company's operational efficiency and profitability. Through quantitative analysis with a descriptive approach, this study reveals that PT Astra International demonstrated resilient financial performance despite challenging market conditions. The findings indicate average ROA of 8.05%, suggesting moderate asset utilization efficiency. The company maintained a healthy ROE averaging 13.92%, though below industry benchmarks, while achieving a stable GPM of 22.6% and OPM of 15.06%, reflecting effective cost management and operational efficiency. These results provide valuable insights for stakeholders and contribute to understanding the automotive sector's financial dynamics in Indonesia.

This research aims to examine the influence of institutional ownership and profitability variables on company value. The population in this study are Fast Moving Consumer Goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. The sampling technique for this research uses the Purposive Sampling Technique where the sample is selected using certain criteria so that in this research 15 companies were obtained over 3 years so that a total of 45 research data were obtained. The data analysis technique used in this research uses statistical analysis which includes multiple correlation, multiple regression, determination tests and hypothesis tests. The results of this research institutional ownership variable obtained a significance value of 0.546>0.05. So it can be concluded that institutional ownership has no effect on company value. Return On Assets variable obtained a significant value of 0.112>0.05. So it can be concluded that Return On Assets has no effect on company value.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of CV Yanidilla Adilindo by using financial ratios, including liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity ratios. The data used in this research consists of the company's financial statements for the last two years, including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Through the analysis of financial ratios, this study seeks to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the company’s financial resource management and provide an overview of its strengths and weaknesses in financial aspects. The findings indicate that the company experienced fluctuations in financial performance, with some ratios showing improvement, while others exhibited a decline that requires further attention. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the company improve liquidity management and optimize its financing structure to support future financial stability.

This study analyzes the effect of profitability ratios (Return On Assets/ROA, Return On Equity/ROE) and leverage ratio (Debt to Equity Ratio/DER) on stock prices of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023. The study is motivated by stock market uncertainty influenced by companies’ financial performance. This research employs a quantitative approach with a sample of 14 companies selected through purposive sampling. Secondary data were analyzed using regression to examine the relationship between these variables and stock prices. The results show that, partially, ROA, ROE, and DER have no significant effect on stock prices. However, simultaneously, these variables influence stock prices. These findings suggest that companies should improve asset and equity management efficiency to enhance sustainable profitability. Additionally, companies must optimize capital structure to maintain leverage at an ideal level and minimize financial risk. Future research is recommended to expand the sample, extend the analysis period, and consider macroeconomic factors, market sentiment, and government policies that may affect stock prices.

His study aims to examine the effect of profitability and solvency on audit delay and company size as a moderating variable. Audit delay is a condition where a company experiences a delay in issuing audited financial statements so that this condition can affect the quality of financial statement information. The populationlin this study were banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. This study used a purposive sampling method. The sample in this study consisted of 30 companies using a purposive sampling technique.The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis.testing using multiple linear regression analysis. The independent variable in this study is audit delay. The dependent variables in this study are Profitability and Solvency. The moderating variable in this  study is Company Size. The research data are in the form of annual financial reports obtained from the official website www.idx.co.id andlthe official website of the related company. The data analysis method used is moderated regression analysis (Moderated Regression Analysis) with the SPSS application.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 Surabaya for the 2019-202 period. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. To determine the financial performance of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 using financial ratio analysis techniques. The ratio analysis used in this study are liquidity ratios (current ratio, cash ratio and quick ratio), solvency ratios (DER ratio, DAR ratio and LTDtER ratio), activity ratios (total asset turnover, receivable period turnover and inventory turnover) and profitability ratios (GPM, NPM, ROE, ROI and ROA). Quantitative data in this study are in the form of financial statements of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period. Based on the liquidity ratio, PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 in 2019-2023 experienced a significant increase from 2020-2023 and its liquidity was better in 2023. The financial performance of the solvency ratio of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period shows a healthy and stable condition. The financial performance of the activity ratio of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period shows efficiency in managing receivables and inventories, but the use and utilization of assets to generate income needs to be improved. The financial performance of the profitability ratio at PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 is classified as unfavorable which can increase the Company's losses. In general, the Company's performance for the 2019-2023 period is less healthy.

This study examines profitability determinants of Indonesian manufacturing firms, emphasizing sustainable practices. Using a systematic literature review and regression analysis of secondary data from publicly-traded firms, the research analyzes the impact of financial factors (working capital, size, growth) and environmental considerations (green supply chain, sustainable finance) on profitability. Findings provide recommendations for firms, policymakers, and stakeholders to enhance profitability and environmental sustainability amidst climate change challenges.

This research aims to determine the effect of profitability, sales growth, deferred tax expense, and capital intensity on tax avoidance. The object of this study consists of manufacturing companies in the non-cyclicals sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the financial statements during the period from 2020 to 2023. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling method which resulted in a total sample of 67 companies. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 22.0 software. The results of this study indicate that profitability, sales growth, and capital intensity have a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance, meanwhile deferred tax expense has no a significant effect on tax avoidance.

This research aims to empirically prove the influence of activity ratios, profitability, liquidity and solvency on company value. Partially and simultaneously. The population in this study is industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2023. The sampling method uses a purposive sampling method. The sample in this research was 40 companies over 4 years totaling 160 data, after outlier data the total sample in this research amounted to 140 data. The data analysis technique is descriptive statistics, classic assumption tests, including: (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test), multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (t test, f & R2 test) using SPSS version 26 software. The results of this research partially show that the activity ratio has no effect on company value. Meanwhile, profitability and solvency ratios influence company value. Simultaneously the activity ratio, profitability, liquidity and solvency influence the company value of industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2023 period.

Accurate and transparent financial reporting is crucial in building investor trust and ensuring the confidence of other stakeholders. However, earnings management remains a key concern in accounting and finance as it affects the quality of financial information and economic decision-making. This study aims to analyze the influence of Capital Intensity, Managerial Ownership, and Profitability on Earnings Management, with Firm Size as a moderating variable. Using a quantitative approach with the deducto hypothetico verifikatif method, this study empirically tests hypotheses through inferential statistical analysis. The results show that Capital Intensity and Managerial Ownership have a negative effect on Earnings Management, while Profitability has a positive effect. Furthermore, Firm Size does not moderate the effect of Capital Intensity on Earnings Management but weakens the influence of Managerial Ownership and strengthens the effect of Profitability on Earnings Management. This study is expected to provide insights for investors, managers, and regulators in understanding the factors influencing earnings management practices and their implications for financial reporting quality.

This research was conducted to test and analyze the influence of leverage, liquidity and profitability on tax avoidance, as well as the role of company size as a moderating variable. The research objects used in this research are industrial sector companies listed on the IDX in 2023, namely 63 companies. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling, then data was obtained from 57 companies that passed the predetermined criteria.  The results show that leverage has a negative effect and profitability has a positive effect on tax avoidance, while liquidity has no effect. Company size weakens the influence of leverage on tax avoidance, but does not moderate the influence of liquidity and profitability.

This study aims to test and analyze the effect of capital intensity, thin capitalization, and profitability on tax avoidance. The research method uses quantitative research. Types and sources of data in research with the audit reports of non-cyclical consumer issuers on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2023 period. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method and obtained 170 observations. Data processing in this study using Eviews 13. It can be concluded that capital intensity has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance, thin capitalization has a negative but insignificant effect on tax avoidance, and profitability has a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether profitability, liquidity, and Leverage affect management performance. The population in this study was taken from consumer non-cyclicals issuers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method and amounted to 90 samples. This study uses secondary data obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely www.idx.co. Then using the Statistical Package for Sciene (SPSS) version 25 as a tool for analyzing. The hypothesis in this study was tested using descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear analysis test, and hypothesis testing. The conclusion of this study states that (1) profitability has no effect on management performance (2) liquidity has a positive effect on management performance (3) Leverage has a positive effect on management performance.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between environmental performance, environmental disclosure, and leverage on profitability in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2019-2023. Profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). The data used in this study were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 with the Classical Assumption Test, Determination Coefficient Test, T test and F test to test the significance of the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of the T test show that environmental performance and leverage have a significant effect on profitability with a significance value <0.05, while environmental disclosure is .0.05 which means it is not significant. In addition, the F test shows that simultaneously, environmental performance, environmental disclosure, and leverage have a significant positive effect on profitability, with a significance value of 0.000 ˂ 0.05. Based on these results, the fourth hypothesis proposed in this study is accepted. This study provides implications that companies that pay attention to environmental performance and transparency in disclosing environmental information can increase their profitability, and proper leverage management also contributes to the company's financial sustainability. These findings are important for company management and investors to consider environmental sustainability aspects in strategic decision making.Keywords: Environmental Performance, Environmental Disclosure, Leverage, ProfitabilyThis study aims to analyze the relationship between environmental performance, environmental disclosure, and leverage on profitability in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2019-2023. Profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). The data used in this study were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 with the Classical Assumption Test, Determination Coefficient Test, T test and F test to test the significance of the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of the T test show that environmental performance and leverage have a significant effect on profitability with a significance value <0.05, while environmental disclosure is .0.05 which means it is not significant. In addition, the F test shows that simultaneously, environmental performance, environmental disclosure, and leverage have a significant positive effect on profitability, with a significance value of 0.000 ˂ 0.05. Based on these results, the fourth hypothesis proposed in this study is accepted. This study provides implications that companies that pay attention to environmental performance and transparency in disclosing environmental information can increase their profitability, and proper leverage management also contributes to the company's financial sustainability. These findings are important for company management and investors to consider environmental sustainability aspects in strategic decision making.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Mitra Keluarga Karyasehat Tbk before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, where healthcare facilities were among the most crucial and highly needed aspects for recovery from the contagious COVID-19 outbreak. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach. The type of data utilized is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange or the official website of PT Mitra Keluarga Karyasehat Tbk. The data consists of financial reports from the 2018-2019 period, representing conditions before the COVID-19 pandemic, and the 2020-2021 period, representing conditions during the pandemic. The research variables include liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios. The results of this study indicate that during the pandemic, the financial performance of PT Mitra Keluarga Karyasehat Tbk experienced fluctuations. Before the pandemic, financial performance showed an upward trend, but it declined in the early year of the pandemic, 2020. However, in 2021, financial performance increased again.

Companies run businesses with the aim of gaining profits that can be measured by profitability. Profitability is a measure that evaluates a company's ability to generate profits or profits over time. This study aims to analyze the effect of accounts receivable turnover, sales growth, inventory turnover, and cash turnover on profitability. This research was conducted on non-cyclical consumer companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is a descriptive quantitative study. This study uses panel data consisting of cross-section data, namely non-cyclical consumer companies with a time series for the period 2021-2023. The sample used in this study was 59 companies. The analysis technique used in this study is panel data regression. The results of the analysis show that (1) Accounts receivable turnover has a positive and significant effect on profitability in the non-cyclical consumer sector. (2) Sales growth does not affect profitability in the non-cyclical consumer sector. (3) Inventory turnover has a positive and significant effect on profitability in the non-cyclical consumer sector. (4) Cash turnover does not affect profitability in the non-cyclical consumer sector.

This research aims to identify the nature of the cash flow statement, methods of preparing it and its indicators. Identify the nature of profitability and explain its indicators, shed light on the topic of predicting the financial distress of economic units, the causes of distress and ways to treat it, and use cash flow and profitability indicators to help predict the financial distress of Iraqi industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in the second and third years preceding the financial distress. The research community is represented by the industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, which number (21) companies until January 2023, while the study sample is the Iraqi Engineering Works Company in order to apply the current research in it. The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which was that the increase in cases of financial distress to which Iraqi industrial companies are exposed is due to the lack of instructions or directives specific to the industrial sector and the failure to use financial indicators through quantitative methods and methods to predict financial distress before it occurs, and to determine what the financial position will be in the future.

The rapid advancements in technology and marketing strategies within the maritime industry present both opportunities and ethical challenges. While innovation enhances operational efficiency and consumer engagement, the absence of structured ethical frameworks can lead to privacy violations, regulatory breaches, and deceptive marketing practices. This study examines the role of ethical considerations in technology and marketing management within maritime leadership, emphasizing the need for structured ethical decision-making frameworks to ensure consumer protection, regulatory compliance, and corporate sustainability. This research provides original value by assessing the extent to which ethical principles are integrated into maritime business strategies, addressing gaps in previous research that primarily focuses on profitability over ethical governance. The study explores the following research questions: How do ethical considerations shape decision-making in maritime technology and marketing management? What challenges hinder the implementation of structured ethical frameworks? Using qualitative research methods, semi-structured interviews with industry experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students were conducted, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Findings indicate that while ethical decision-making enhances corporate reputation and regulatory compliance, industry-wide implementation remains inconsistent due to weak regulatory enforcement and corporate reluctance. The study concludes that integrating ethical frameworks into maritime leadership training and business education is essential for fostering responsible corporate governance, enhancing consumer trust, and ensuring long-term sustainability.