Publication Search

Burns can cause infection, hinder healing, and increase the risk of long-term complications. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa often infect burn wounds in general, infections are treated with antibiotics, but continued use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia) have potential as a substitute for antibiotics because of their antibacterial properties from active compounds such as alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins and ascorbic acid. This research aims to activate the antibacterial ability of binahong leaf ethanol extract against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This research uses an experimental method with a control group design using diffusion and dilution methods at varying concentrations. Statistical analysis of the inhibition zone showed that there was a significance difference of <0.05 between treatment groups. In the solid diluted method, S. aureus obtained an MIC value of 10.5% and a MBC of 11.5%, whereas P. aeruginosa had an MIC of 14.5% and a MBC of 15%. The results showed that the ethanol extract of binahong leaves was more sensitive to S. aureus than P. aeruginosa.  

The rapid growth of e-business in the digital transformation era has brought significant cybersecurity challenges. This study aims to analyze holistic defense strategies to comprehensively protect e-business assets and operations. Utilizing a systematic literature review of 50 reputable scientific publications (2020–2024), the study identifies five key pillars of cybersecurity strategy: (1) multi-layered security architecture, (2) AI-powered threat detection, (3) Zero Trust security model, (4) continuous security monitoring, and (5) human-centric security culture. The integrated implementation of these pillars has been shown to reduce cybersecurity risks by up to 78% and accelerate threat detection by 89%. These findings highlight the importance of integrating advanced technologies, mature processes, and strong security awareness to establish a resilient cybersecurity ecosystem for e-business.

This research investigates the management of cyber incident risks in e-business environments with an emphasis on reducing financial losses and reputational impact. The increase in digitization in the business world correlates with the rise of cyber threats that can cause significant financial losses as well as long-term reputational damage. This systematic review evaluates recent research (2022-2025) from various academic databases such as PMC, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. The aim of this study is to discover effective risk management tactics, rapid incident response mechanisms, and ways to mitigate financial and reputational losses in e-business. The literature review highlights the importance of having a comprehensive risk management framework, a direct threat monitoring system, and a planned reputation recovery strategy. Research findings indicate that a proactive approach to cyber risk management not only functions to protect financial assets but also to maintain consumer trust and business continuity. Cooperation among stakeholders such as technology, management, and regulators is key in creating a cyber-resilient e-business ecosystem.

This research explores the crucial role of cybersecurity in building and maintaining digital trust for e-business sustainability. The rapid digitalization era has increased business dependence on digital platforms but also brought cyber risks that can threaten customer trust and operational sustainability. This systematic literature review analyzes recent research (2021–2025) from various academic databases including Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ACM Digital Library. The research objectives are to identify the impact of cyber incidents on customer trust, analyze digital trust-building strategies, and formulate recommendations for e-business sustainability. Study results show that cyber incidents can reduce customer trust by up to 60% and cause average financial losses of $3 million per incident. However, implementing comprehensive cybersecurity strategies, communication transparency, and rapid recovery can restore trust and enhance business resilience. The research emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach that integrates security technology, risk management, and crisis communication to build a sustainable and trusted e-business ecosystem.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work environment, salary, and career development on employee performance at Larissa Aesthetic Center through employee commitment as a mediating variable. The importance of optimizing employee performance in supporting business growth requires appropriate efforts and strategies to maximize existing resources in the work environment. Employees who value the work environment because it fosters a sense of well-being and enthusiasm at work. Salary is one of the factors that influences performance, in line with compensation that meets expectations as a form of responsibility in the workplace. Employee career development is seen as a call for progress, where competent workers facilitate the organization in becoming a solution for clients.The method used in this study employs an explanatory approach to uncover the relationships between variables and emphasizes causal numerical data. The study population consists of 65 employees, with the sampling technique using a census, where the entire population serves as the study sample. This research utilizes primary data obtained through questionnaire completion. Secondary data is derived from relevant documentation related to the research topic. Data analysis employs path analysis to test the relationships between research variables. The results of this study indicate that the work environment, salary, and career development have a significant influence on employee performance at Larissa Aesthetic Center, through the support of employee commitment as a mediating variable. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for business actors as a basis for consideration in actions related to human resources.

This community service program was designed to strengthen the competitive value of coffee bean processing through a combination of practical field training and structured mentoring for rural communities. The activity took place on June 29, 2025, in Motung Village, Ajibata District, Toba Regency, and involved 20 local participants representing farming households. The implementation model emphasized a participatory and hands-on approach, where participants were directly engaged in coffee bean processing techniques under the guidance of academic experts and field mentors. This initiative was a collaborative effort between Universitas Murni Teguh PSDKU Pematangsiantar, Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, and the Farmer and Fishermen Association (KTNA) Pematangsiantar. The program’s primary objectives were to enhance local community skills in post-harvest coffee processing, to raise product quality standards, and to generate added value that would enable rural producers to compete in wider markets. Through structured mentoring, participants received continuous assistance that ensured they could apply the acquired knowledge and skills independently after the training activities concluded. The results demonstrated significant improvements in participants’ understanding and technical capacity, particularly in the areas of sorting, drying, roasting, and packaging coffee beans. These competencies allowed the local community to produce higher-quality coffee products that meet market expectations and enhance competitiveness. Furthermore, the program strengthened the link between academic knowledge, practical field skills, and local wisdom, which together form the foundation for sustainable rural empowerment. By improving coffee bean processing capacity, the initiative is expected to increase household income, foster an entrepreneurial spirit, and support the long-term development of Toba’s rural economy. In this way, the program not only equips the community with technical expertise but also contributes to broader goals of economic sustainability and social resilience in the region.

Individuals who do not live with their parents or do not have a nuclear family are generally placed in social care institutions such as orphanages. Living outside the family environment causes orphaned adolescents to experience limitations in building emotional bonds that are usually obtained from interactions with family. The absence of strong emotional relationships can affect various aspects of adolescent psychology, one of which is self-acceptance. Adolescents living in orphanages often perceive themselves as different from adolescents raised in intact families. This feeling can impact the formation of self-concept, self-esteem, and how they view and accept themselves. This study aims to examine the level of self-acceptance of orphaned adolescents living in orphanages, identify factors that influence self-acceptance, and understand the role of self-acceptance in relation to other psychological variables. This study was conducted using a literature review method of various relevant previous research results. Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that self-acceptance of orphaned adolescents in orphanages is generally at a moderate to high level. Several key factors contributing to this self-acceptance include social support from the surrounding environment, self-esteem, optimism, and a positive self-concept. These factors are interrelated and play a crucial role in shaping the psychological resilience and mental health of adolescents in orphanages.   Keywords: self-acceptance , orphaned teenager, orphanage

This study investigates the genealogy of multisectoral social conflict and cultural disintegration in Bima Regency by examining the interplay of political, economic, socio-cultural, and geospatial determinants. Using a qualitative exploratory-critical method, the research employs content analysis, critical discourse analysis, and spatial conflict mapping based on secondary data from government reports, academic literature, and civil society documentation. The results reveal that social conflict in Bima is not simply driven by unequal access to political and economic resources, but also by structural exclusion, historical marginalization, and the erosion of traditional social values caused by uneven modernization and weak institutional performance. Politically, civil servant bias, the persistence of patronage networks, and minimal civic engagement weaken state legitimacy, public trust, and accountability. Economically, the unequal distribution of natural resources, selective access to government assistance, limited economic diversification, and unresolved agrarian disputes intensify socio-economic inequalities and rural discontent. From a geospatial perspective, the contestation over land, identity, ecological zones, and environmental resources reflects the failure of inclusive and participatory spatial development planning. The study emphasizes that the conflict is systemic, complex, and institutionalized, calling for integrated cross-sectoral policies, inclusive political reforms, and spatially participatory strategies. It advocates for institutional reform, the revitalization of local wisdom and social capital, and the reconstruction of a shared cultural identity to restore long-term social cohesion and resilience. In the context of post-decentralization Indonesia, addressing such deep-rooted, chronic conflicts requires not only strategic policy reorientation but also the empowerment of local communities to play meaningful and active roles in planning, governance, and sustainable development processes. Sustainable peace in Bima hinges on a genuine commitment to social justice, inclusive governance, ecological balance, and the preservation of cultural diversity.

This article examines the economic defense reforms implemented by China under Xi Jinping's leadership through a literature review. This research aims to examine the key strategies employed by the Chinese government to strengthen its economic resilience amidst global pressures, such as the trade war with the United States, the COVID-19 pandemic, and escalating geopolitical rivalries. The findings indicate that Xi Jinping prioritizes a dual-circulation strategy, namely strengthening domestic consumption while maintaining connectivity with international markets, as a crucial step in addressing global uncertainty. Furthermore, the Made in China 2025 policy serves as a key pillar for promoting technological independence, reducing dependence on imports, and enhancing the competitiveness of domestic industries in strategic sectors such as information technology, renewable energy, and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China seeks to expand its economic influence globally, open new markets, and transfer excess domestic industrial capacity to partner countries. These reforms are not solely oriented toward economic aspects but are also closely linked to political and national security interests. This strategy demonstrates China's systematic efforts to build economic resilience integrated with geopolitical interests, using the economy as an instrument of both soft and hard power. This study demonstrates that Xi Jinping's economic defense reforms are not merely a short-term response to the global crisis, but rather part of a long-term vision to establish China as a dominant global power. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding China's economic strategy holistically, as these reforms, in addition to significantly influencing domestic dynamics, also have significant implications for the future global economic and political order.

Financial stability plays a vital role in determining an individual’s overall well-being, and saving is considered one of the most fundamental practices for managing personal finances and preparing for future uncertainties. In many developing regions, the level of savings among employees remains relatively low, making it crucial to understand the factors that encourage or hinder saving behavior. This study aims to examine the influence of financial inclusion, lifestyle, and financial planning on the saving behavior of private sector employees in Jombang Regency, Indonesia. The research employed a quantitative approach by distributing structured questionnaires to 100 respondents who met the eligibility criteria. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique to ensure that only employees with sufficient financial exposure and employment stability were included. The instrument used a Likert-scale to measure perceptions and behaviors, and the data collected were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method with the assistance of SmartPLS version 3 software. The findings reveal that financial inclusion, lifestyle, and financial planning each exert a significant and positive effect on saving behavior. Employees who have greater access to financial services and products are more likely to engage in consistent saving practices. Likewise, individuals who adopt a prudent lifestyle and maintain effective financial planning demonstrate stronger saving discipline. These results underscore the importance of integrating financial literacy and planning strategies with broader financial inclusion programs. In conclusion, promoting financial inclusion, encouraging simple and sustainable lifestyle choices, and strengthening financial planning skills can collectively enhance saving behavior among employees. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and employers seeking to foster long-term financial resilience and economic security for the workforce.

A parenting seminar on maternal and child mental health organized by KPM UI Bunga Bangsa Cirebon students in Pegagan Village is a form of community service aimed at raising awareness and understanding of the importance of mental health in parenting. The limited knowledge of mental health issues in rural communities, coupled with high levels of stress experienced by parents, often negatively impacts parenting practices. This has the potential to hinder optimal child development, both physically, psychologically, and socially. Therefore, this activity was designed with a participatory approach, where the community is not merely an object but is also involved from the beginning of the planning process. This process includes coordination with village officials, seminars, and monitoring and evaluation stages, so that the community feels ownership and plays an active role in the program. The seminar featured speakers from psychology and legal academics who explained the relationship between parental mental health and fulfilling legal obligations to protect children's rights. The material presented emphasized how parental stress and emotions can affect child development, as well as the importance of parents' ability to manage the pressures of everyday life. Participants gained an understanding of strategies for maintaining mental health, including good time management, building open communication within the family environment, and strengthening social support as an emotional support system. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' awareness of the importance of mental health not only as an individual need, but also as a moral, social, and legal responsibility in creating a healthy, safe, and resilient family environment. Therefore, this parenting seminar can be seen as an effective educational strategy, not only strengthening parents' capacity to raise children but also building sustainable local support networks for the well-being of families and communities.

Banking is a key pillar of the financial system, playing a crucial role as an intermediary between those with excess funds and those in need of financing. In the context of post-pandemic economic recovery in the 2022–2024 period, bank sustainability and resilience, particularly in terms of profit-generating ability, are crucial aspects to consider. This study was conducted to analyze the extent to which capital structure and intermediation efficiency influence the profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Capital structure in this study is proxied by the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), while intermediation efficiency is measured by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The profitability indicator used is Return on Assets (ROA), which reflects a bank's effectiveness in utilizing its assets to generate profits. This research methodology uses a quantitative approach through multiple linear regression analysis with secondary data in the form of annual financial reports from 111 banks for the 2022–2024 period. The analysis results show that simultaneously, CAR and LDR variables have a significant effect on ROA. Furthermore, both variables have been shown to contribute positively to increasing bank profitability. In other words, maintaining adequate capital and efficient credit management can strengthen overall financial performance. This finding offers strategic implications for bank management in formulating capital and liquidity management policies. Optimizing these two aspects not only impacts short-term profit achievement but also contributes to the stability and sustainability of banking profitability in the long term. Therefore, banks need to ensure a strong capital strategy coupled with efficient intermediation to be more resilient in facing future economic dynamics.

The Independent Entrepreneurship Program is one of the strategic efforts of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology in fostering the entrepreneurial spirit of students through direct experiential learning. This program is present as a forum for students to not only understand entrepreneurship theory, but also to practice in real life the process of building and managing a business. In its implementation, the program involves active collaboration between universities, industry mentors, and field supervisors who play a role in providing direction, guidance, and evaluation of student business development. Through Independent Entrepreneurship, students are given the opportunity to design creative business ideas, run a business on a real scale, and solve various entrepreneurial challenges they face. This activity not only trains managerial, communication, and innovation skills, but also improves critical thinking and problem-solving skills. In addition, students gain valuable experience in terms of teamwork, financial management, marketing strategies, building business networks, and the use of digital technology to support business sustainability. The results of the program implementation show positive impacts, including increased confidence, independence, and students' understanding of the real business world. Furthermore, this program encourages the creation of an entrepreneurial ecosystem in a sustainable campus environment and is able to be the forerunner of the birth of a young generation of Indonesian entrepreneurs who are resilient, innovative, creative, adaptive to changing times, and have high competitiveness. Thus, Independent Entrepreneurship not only plays a role as a skill development program, but also becomes one of the important foundations in preparing students to face the world of work and becoming independent business actors who are professional, visionary, sustainability-oriented, and make a real contribution to the nation's economic development.

This study aims to examine the implications of Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) Number 37 of 2025 on the national fiscal balance and the resilience of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the context of the rapid development of e-commerce in Indonesia. This PMK introduces a collect at the source mechanism, which is the appointment of certain marketplaces as collectors of Income Tax (PPh) Article 22 on online merchant transactions. This policy is seen as one of the strategic steps to expand the digital tax base, improve fiscal efficiency, and support the principle of compliance by design. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through documentation studies of official government documents, academic literature, and relevant publications. The results of the study show that the implementation of PMK 37/2025 has the potential to have a positive impact on state revenue through digital taxation optimization. In addition, this policy can strengthen the fiscal balance by minimizing the potential for tax avoidance in the growing digital economy sector. However, on the other hand, the policy also poses a number of challenges for MSMEs, especially related to administrative readiness, limited fiscal literacy, and adaptability to the tax digitalization system. For most MSMEs, additional tax liabilities can be a burden that affects cash flow, competitiveness, and business sustainability, especially for MSMEs that are still in the growth stage and have limited resources. The policy implications identified include the importance of improving fiscal education and literacy programs, the development of user-friendly digital reporting systems, and active collaboration between fiscal authorities, marketplaces, and MSME actors. Thus, the success of the implementation of PMK 37/2025 is not only determined by regulations, but also by the extent to which the policy is able to be implemented in an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable manner in supporting national economic development.

Aceh is currently experiencing a public health crisis, with outbreaks of infectious diseases, including three cases of VDPV2 polio and a significant rise in diphtheria cases in 2023. Immunization plays a vital role in preventing and controlling diseases like polio and diphtheria. However, over the past five years, immunization coverage in Aceh has steadily declined, positioning it as the lowest in Indonesia. This study aims to explore how two local news outlets, Ajnn.net and Serambinews.com, frame news coverage regarding the low immunization rates in Aceh. Using a qualitative approach, the study applies Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis, which focuses on issue selection and salience. The findings reveal a notable difference in how the two media outlets frame the issue of low immunization coverage. Ajnn.net frames the issue by highlighting the root causes of the declining immunization rates, such as socio-economic factors and inadequate healthcare services. In contrast, Serambinews.com emphasizes the consequences of insufficient immunization, focusing on the potential health risks, outbreaks, and increased mortality rates among children. Despite their differing approaches, both outlets rely primarily on government sources for their reporting. This reliance makes their coverage less balanced and objective, as the perspectives of other stakeholders, such as local health experts, parents, and community organizations, are largely excluded. The analysis suggests that while Ajnn.net sheds light on the underlying causes of low immunization rates, Serambinews.com underscores the dire consequences. Both outlets, however, could enhance their reporting by incorporating a wider range of sources to offer a more comprehensive and investigative view of the issue.

This study discusses the role of enabling setting in increasing the empowerment of beneficiary communities in Tamansari Tourism Village, Banyuwangi Regency. Enabling setting is understood as a supportive environment that includes inclusive policies, access to resources, community participation, and cultural and environmental preservation. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach through case studies, using in-depth interview techniques, participatory observation, and document studies. The results show that the empowerment of communities depends not only on increased economic income, but also on their ability to be actively involved in tourism management, safeguard local cultural values, and gain equitable access to training and information. Government support, partnerships with the private sector, and local initiatives are important factors in creating empowerment. However, challenges such as inequality of participation, limited digital access, and potential conflicts between community groups were also found. This study concludes that sustainable development of tourism villages must prioritize multi-stakeholder collaboration and strengthen local capacity equally. These findings make a practical contribution to the formulation of more inclusive policies and serve as a reference for the sustainable development of community-based tourism villages in Indonesia. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical role of continuous capacity building and knowledge sharing among community members to ensure long-term sustainability. By fostering an environment where local residents are equipped with the necessary skills and information, the community can better adapt to changing tourism trends and external pressures. Additionally, the integration of digital tools and platforms is recommended to bridge the information gap and enhance marketing efforts, thus expanding the reach of the tourism village. These strategies collectively support a more resilient and self-reliant community, capable of maintaining both economic growth and cultural integrity in the face of development challenges.

Disparities in energy access across Indonesia's underdeveloped, frontier, and outermost (3T) regions have long hindered equitable national development. In response, Pertamina launched the BBM Satu Harga program, aiming to equalize fuel prices and availability throughout these regions. This study explores the effectiveness of the program in achieving its intended goals. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research utilizes in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis as primary data collection methods. Informants include Pertamina officials, BBM Satu Harga gas station operators, and community members residing in 3T areas. Data were analyzed using an interactive model, encompassing data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the BBM Satu Harga program significantly improved energy accessibility, reduced travel distances for fuel acquisition, and received generally positive evaluations from stakeholders. Operational challenges remain, particularly concerning logistical distribution and infrastructure maintenance in remote locations. Nonetheless, the program’s annual implementation targets were largely achieved, affirming its critical role in reducing energy disparities. It is concluded that the BBM Satu Harga program has been effective in fostering more equitable energy access within Indonesia’s most isolated regions. Future research should focus on long-term socioeconomic impacts of energy accessibility and explore strategies to optimize logistical support and infrastructure resilience in 3T regions.

Parole is an important instrument in the social reintegration of inmates, with the Correctional Center (Bapas) playing a role in guidance, assistance, and supervision. This study analyzes the implementation of supervision by the Class I Correctional Center in Bandar Lampung for parole clients, as well as the obstacles encountered. The research employs a normative juridical and empirical approach, using both primary and secondary data, with sources including the Head of the Adult Client Guidance Section and a Criminal Law Lecturer at the University of Lampung. The findings indicate that supervision has been optimal, with no cases of parole revocation. The main obstacles include the absence of clear administrative sanctions, limited authority, weak law enforcement, inadequate facilities and technology, lack of inter-agency coordination, low public participation, and unsupportive client behavior. Improvements in regulations, enhancement of human resources quality, provision of adequate facilities, and strengthening community involvement are required to support the success of social reintegration

Badung Market, as one of the largest traditional markets in Denpasar City, serves as a central hub of economic activity and sustains the livelihood of a substantial number of women traders. The presence of women in this sector is not only a reflection of their economic role but also of their contribution to household welfare and community development. This study aims to analyze the influence of education, income, dependents, and age on women’s decisions to work as traders in Pasar Badung. Employing a quantitative approach with an associative design, the research involved 88 respondents selected through purposive sampling from a total population of 768 female traders. Data collection methods included questionnaires, direct observation, and interviews, while data analysis utilized multiple linear regression preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests to ensure robustness. The results indicate that, simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affect women’s decision to engage in trading activities. Partially, education, dependents, and age show a significant positive effect, suggesting that higher educational attainment, greater family responsibilities, and maturity increase women’s participation in trading. In contrast, husband’s income exerts a significant negative effect, implying that higher spousal earnings reduce the economic pressure for women to seek income through market trading. These findings highlight that economic necessity, household responsibilities, and social roles remain the primary motivators for women’s active involvement in traditional market activities. The implications of this study are relevant for policymakers and local governments, particularly in designing targeted empowerment programs, skills training, and economic support mechanisms to enhance women’s entrepreneurial capacity in traditional markets. Strengthening women’s roles in this sector is crucial not only for family welfare but also for broader community resilience and local economic growth.

This systematic literature review examines the philosophy of science approaches to user security in distributed devices, such as IoT and Federated Learning. The review was conducted in response to the exponential growth of connected devices and the increasing security threats, including cyberattacks, data breaches, and unauthorized access. As distributed systems become more complex, traditional security approaches, such as cryptography and differential privacy, are often insufficient to address the ethical, philosophical, and contextual challenges that arise in these ecosystems. Distributed devices, especially in IoT and Federated Learning contexts, rely on vast amounts of personal data. This data, often stored or processed in decentralized environments, creates significant risks to user privacy and system integrity. As the number of connected devices grows, security risks multiply, creating challenges in maintaining user trust, privacy, and overall system resilience. Conventional techniques, such as encryption, only focus on technical aspects, often neglecting the deeper philosophical dimensions, such as the nature of knowledge, privacy, and fairness in these systems. These gaps highlight the need for a more nuanced approach that incorporates philosophical perspectives into security frameworks. This study uses a systematic literature review method based on the PICOC (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Context) framework to analyze the relevance of epistemology, ontology, and ethics in strengthening system security. By examining the foundational principles of how knowledge is constructed (epistemology), what entities exist in the system (ontology), and the ethical considerations around data and user privacy (ethics), the review provides a comprehensive understanding of how philosophical concepts can be integrated into the design and implementation of security systems in distributed environments. The results reveal that epistemological principles, such as the verification and validation of data sources and models, can significantly improve the reliability and trustworthiness of distributed systems.