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Poverty is one of the main issues in Indonesia although many policies have been implemented by the government to overcome this problem. With this problem, a study was conducted which aims to identify factors that affect poverty in East Java in 2023 using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. PCA is a multivariate analysis technique used to extract information from correlated data, so as to summarize several variables into principal components. In this study, the variables used include the number of poor people, percentage of poor people, poverty severity index, open unemployment rate, labor force participation rate, and life expectancy from 38 districts/cities in East Java. It was found that the data characteristics had low variance with the exception of one variable, and met the assumptions of multivariate normal distribution, interrelationship between variables, data sufficiency, and correlation between variables suitable for PCA. Factor analysis with PCA produces two main components, namely community living conditions and labor conditions, which can represent the original variables in their influence on poverty in East Java. Suggestions from this study are expected to be a reference for policy makers in improving community welfare and labor conditions in East Java. Future research is expected to add related variables to obtain more detailed results.

In Jambi, research has been conducted on candlenut seed extract which has been proven to be of high quality and has been widely marketed throughout Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of candlenut seed extract (Aurites moluccana L.) on various hair problems such as graying and hair loss. This study is a literature study that uses data collection methods from library sources. Secondary data is compiled and analyzed to reach conclusions regarding the topic studied. Candlenut plants (Aleurites moluccana L.) have the potential as hair fertilizers and health care, thanks to the content of saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols found in seeds, leaves, and roots. The Dayak ethnic group uses burned candlenut fruit for hair care. In addition, candlenuts also function as a medicine for flu and colds, and have anticancer properties. The conclusion of this review is to support the potential of candlenut seed extract as a solution to hair problems However, further research is needed to understand how the active ingredients involved work and to standardize testing methods to ensure the clinical application of the extract's efficacy.

Community empowerment in making environmentally friendly dish soap from lime extract and pandan leaves is not just a service activity. It is a movement that aims to change people's consumption patterns, protect the environment, and improve economic welfare. Toxins are toxic and harmful substances produced in products. In addition, pandanus is also useful as a natural coloring material, but using it has a drawback, which is that the color is not very striking. The method used for community service activities in making environmentally friendly dish soap from lime extract and pandan leaves to increase public awareness of the dangers of chemicals is the demonstration method. The demonstration method is to demonstrate or show something in front of the public (Dewanti et al., 2020). Planning, implementation, elaboration and conclusion. The above stages provide guidance in implementing the extension program for making dish soap for the economically weak community in Tugan village, and ensure systematic and directed preparation, implementation, elaboration, and conclusions. According to the long-term impact evaluation, there is a possibility of an increase in the number of people interested in entrepreneurial training, opportunities for economic growth, and the emergence of a desire to participate in socio-economic empowerment. Overall, this community service program has produced good results and has been successful

Yangko cake is a semi-wet food made from glutinous rice flour with the addition of a sugar solution. In order to improve the characteristics of the yangko cake, an ingredient is added, namely kidney bean flour and cinnamon extract. Kidney beans are one type of legume that has a high protein source so it can add nutritional value to food products. Kidney bean has an unpleasant taste, therefore it needs to be balanced with the addition of cinnamon extract, which is expected to reduce the unpleasant flavor of the yangko cake which consumers preferred. The experimental design used is a CRD, with the first factor being the ratio of glutinous rice flour and kidney bean flour with a ratio of 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30. The addition of cinnamon extract in various amounts (2 ml, 4 ml, and 6 ml) was the second element. The inclusion of substitute glutinous rice flour and kidney bean flour, coupled with the variation of cinnamon extract produced yangko cake with 3,80% fiber content and 5,76% protein content.  Chemically, physically and organoleptically, the best product from several formulations of the yangko cake was with 70:30 of glutinous rice flour to kidney bean flour and 6 ml of cinnamon extract, with 47.98% water content, 0.66% as content, 31,36% total sugar content and with a hardness of 28.82 N, a gumminess of 4.92 N, a chewiness of 2.28 N then a cohesiveness of 0.64 Ns.  The organoleptic characteristic of the yangko cake was the most preferred by the panelists, with a value of 3,76 (preferred). The yangko cake substitusion of glutinous rice flour and kidney beans with the addition of cinnamon extract is a food ingredient  that has quite high protein and fiber.

Velva is frozen food product has low fat and made from crushed fruit or vegetables that has a similar texture like ice cream. Sweet potatoes used as a raw material it is an innovation of food processing to increase economic value. The addition of kecombrang extract creates a new taste and has a lot of nutritional content such us high antioxidant. The research of objective is to determine the characteristic of velva varietas of sweet potatoes and addition of kecombrang flower extract based on longest melting power and highest total dissolved solids. The research using completely randomized with 2 factorial. First factor is type of sweet potatoes ( white, orange, purple) and second factor is addition of kecombrang flower extract (5%, 10% and 15%). The results of chemical (moisture content, antioxidant activity) and physical parameters (overrun, melting time and total dissolved solids) based on longest melting power and highest total dissolved solids formulation is purple sweet potatoes and 15% kecombrang extract is water content 67,37%, antioxidant 74,24%, overrun 22,18%, melting time 18,54 minutes, total dissolved solids 25,7oBrix. Based on the most preferred organoleptic paramaters is purple sweet potatoes and 5% kecombrang extract is water content 69,09%, antioxidant 66,41%, overrun 23,79%, melting time 17,28 minutes, total dissolved solids 23,6oBrix

Dried noodles made from egg and flour that have round and long shape. In this research, dried noodles were made differently in general because of using taro flour and kale leaves extract as a raw material. Taro flour is a gluten free flour that is rich in fiber. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) is superfood which have high quantity of antioxidants like vitamin C and flavonoids. This research aimed to determine physicochemical and organoleptics characteristic of dried noodles of taro flour with addition of kale leaves extract. The observation used a two-factors factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) were the ratio of taro flour : wheat flour (85:15, 75:25, 65:35g) and the concentration of kale leaves extract (1:10, 2:10, 3:10 ml) with two-replication. The best results showed that the combination of 65:35 taro flour : wheat flour with addition of 3:10 kale leaves extract was based on high antioxidant activity. The results of this combination showed moisture content 5,42%, ash 2,74%, fiber 7,43%, protein 7,56%, antioxidant activity 13,71%, flavonoid total 1,36 mgQE/g, vitamin C 30,8%, color L* 78,72, color a* -1,78, color b* 18,11, hardness 13,84 N, chewiness 13,29 N, aroma 3,36 and kale taste 3,12. Based on the observation, dried noodles of taro flour with kale leaf extract influenced all physicochemical and organoleptic test results.

Velva, a kind of frozen dessert, made from fruit that contains nutrients and help the body's metabolic processes as a source of energy. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is used in the production of velva in order to get a good color and Moringa to increase antioxidant activity.  The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate substitution ratio between velva, dragon fruit, moringa leaf extract, and stabilizer to produce dragon fruit velva with good characteristics, namely high antioxidant and preferred by consumers.  This study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD).  The factors used were the concentration of Moringa leaves (8, 10, 12 g) and the concentration of the type of stabilizer (CMC 1,26%, cornstarch 1,26%, carrageenan 1,26%).  The best chemical analysis was treatment concentration of carrageenan stabilizer 1,26% with the addition of 8 g Moringa leaf extract with antioxidant activity 16,85%, crude fiber 0.63%, vitamin C 4,33%, reducing sugar 11,83%, total phenolic 13,93mg.GAE/ml and pH 3,5.  Physical analysis with melting power 47.00 minutes/hour, overrun 13,00%, TPT 4˚Brix and TAT 1.14%.  The results of the red dragon fruit velva sensory test with various types of stabilizers and the addition of Moringa leaves, as well as the combination of treatments between the two had no significant effect on color, texture, taste, aroma and overall preference.  The best organoleptic analysis was the P3K1 treatment (concentration of carrageenan stabilizer 1,26% with the addition of 8 g Moringa leaf extract) with a color value of 3.06, taste 2.57, aroma 2.78, texture 3.50 and overall preference 3,42.

Sijukkot plants grow widely in the highlands of Lake Toba, the largest volcanic lake in the world. This plant, with the Latin name Lactuca indica L., grows abundantly in Dairi, Pakpak Bharat, Samosir and Humbang Hasundutan districts. Sijukkot has been proven to have made people in the Lake Toba area less susceptible to disease. Sijukkot contains many high chemical compounds in the roots, stems and leaves. For example glycosides, cardeolin, polyphenols, saponins, cardenolin, polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. ( Molecular Docking ) is one of the simplest and most frequently used structure-activity based virtual methods. The purpose of this journal review is to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in the medicinal plant sijukkot to be developed as a fever reducer The research method used is a library study and literature review with the keywords molecular docking of secondary metabolite compounds of sijukkot as a medicinal plant to reduce fever, in the period 2020-2022. The results obtained were 5 secondary metabolite compounds which have potential as fever reducers and antioxidants. The conclusion is that ethanol extract and sijukkot leaves have high levels of phytochemicals which are good as formulations for fever medicine, antioxidant, antibacterial and can reduce sugar levels

Red roses (Rosa damascena Mill) are a type of rose with a distinct aroma and a deep red color. Roses are usually used as decoration, but it also has health benefits. Roses have bioactive compounds and anthocyanin pigments that act as antioxidants. The expected outcome of this research is to produce rose water products that have a strong aroma and have high antioxidant activity. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design (RAKL) method. The factor used is the variation of the distillation method. While the length of the extraction process was used as the sampling time. The correct distillation method to produce rose water which has high antioxidant activity is treatment with variations of the steam distillation method. The steam distillation method obtained the following results: pH 4.07, vitamin C content 40.70 mg/100g, total phenol content 47.10 mg GAE/g, antioxidant activity of DPPH 64.20%, FRAP value 98.97% and sensory test (scent) 3.34.

This study presents an advanced approach to multi-class skin lesion classification by leveraging an ensemble model comprising the Inception-V3, ResNet-50, and VGG16 architectures. The classification task focuses on categorizing skin lesions into distinct classes, including Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), using the ISIC dataset, a comprehensive collection of dermoscopic images. In order to properly balance the dataset, the oversampling strategy is utilized, as some lesion types are underrepresented due to inherent imbalances in the dataset. By ensuring that the model is trained on a more representative dataset, this balancing improves the algorithm's capacity to categorize all lesion types properly and impartially. By combining the complementary features of ResNet-50, Inception-V3, and VGG16, the ensemble technique improves the overall classification performance. ResNet-50 is chosen for its deep feature extraction capabilities, which help capture fine details in lesion patterns. Inception-V3 is selected for its multi-scale processing, allowing it to effectively analyze lesions at varying resolutions and sizes. VGG16 is included due to its simple yet highly effective architecture for image classification tasks. The ensemble model with data augmentation significantly outperforms individual models in skin lesion classification for both the original and balanced ISIC datasets regarding accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. This method offers a robust solution for skin lesion classification, contributing to more accurate and reliable diagnostic tools in dermatology.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become essential technological tools for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data to support various human activities. The rapid advancement of information technology has significantly expanded the use of GIS, particularly through web-based platforms and mobile applications, enabling wider accessibility and real-time data utilization. This study focuses on analyzing the utilization of GIS applications and websites across multiple sectors and their contributions to improving efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making processes in daily life. The main objective of this research is to identify, evaluate, and synthesize recent developments in GIS implementation through a systematic literature review. Scientific articles were collected from reputable international and national journals published within the last five years (2018–2022). A total of 130 international journals and 100 national journals were initially identified through database searches. After applying relevance screening and inclusion criteria, 33 selected articles were analyzed in depth to extract key findings, application trends, and potential research gaps. The results show that GIS applications and web-based systems play a vital role in supporting various sectors. In education, GIS facilitates spatial mapping for industrial internship placement (PRAKERIN) and school zoning management. In healthcare, GIS assists in mapping healthcare facilities, including pharmacies and hospitals, to improve service accessibility. In transportation, GIS-based systems provide route planning, traffic monitoring, and public transport information to enhance mobility and reduce congestion. GIS applications are also increasingly applied in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, and natural resource management. Overall, this study emphasizes the growing importance of GIS technologies as strategic tools for data-driven decision-making and sustainable development. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in optimizing GIS-based solutions to improve public services and quality of life.

Abstract. This study presents a web-based system for identifying traditional herbal leaves using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and image processing techniques focused on analyzing leaf shape and color. The dataset used consists of images of various types of herbal leaves, providing a basis for classification and medicinal benefit information retrieval. The system was tested with multiple leaf samples to assess accuracy, speed, and effectiveness in identifying leaf types based on visual characteristics. Results show that the system can recognize different types of herbal leaves and display information on their medicinal properties in a user-friendly interface..

This study investigates the effects of adding various natural extracts: carrot, red ginger, mango, and tamarind on the physical and sensory properties of honey candy. Specifically, the research examines the pH value, yield, and organoleptic qualities (taste, aroma, texture, and color) of honey candy enhanced with these extracts. A laboratory experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) was conducted, and each treatment was replicated four times. Results showed highly significant differences in the all  treatments. The highest pH was recorded with red ginger extract (5.41), while the lowest was with tamarind extract (4.02). Carrot extract yielded the highest production efficiency (61.5%), followed closely by tamarind (58%), whereas red ginger and mango showed lower yields. Organoleptic testing revealed that tamarind extract was most preferred in terms of taste and color, while mango and red ginger improved texture. Red ginger, however, received lower scores for taste and aroma, likely due to its strong spicy profile. Overall, the addition of natural extracts significantly impacted the quality of honey candy, with tamarind and carrot extracts demonstrating the most favorable effects on yield and sensory attributes, making them promising choices for enhancing functional candy products.

This research investigates the effect of adding active ingredients such as butterfly pea flower extract and eggshell powder on the physical and chemical properties of smart biodegradable film packaging. The butterfly pea flower extract was prepared by mixing dry butterfly pea flowers with water in ratios of 0 (without butterfly pea flowers, as a control), 1:250, and 1:125. The eggshell powder was added in concentrations of 0%, 0.15%, and 0.3% (w/v). The result shows that the addition of active agents affected the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), tensile strength, and elongation of the film. The addition of eggshell powder did not have any significant effect on the total phenol content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity. The smart biodegradable film packaging produced in this study showed total phenol values ranging from 237,8858-907,1768 mg GAE/100 g sample, total anthocyanin content 0.1045-2.3512 mg cy-3-glu eq/100 g sample, antioxidant activity 5,1198-54.8475%, WVTR 60,5826-91,3325 g/m2/24 hours, tensile strength 2,615-8,479 N/mm2/24 hours, and elongation 1,437-43,360%. The results of this study show that the smart biodegradable film packaging developed can be used as an indicator to monitor changes in the quality of steamed chicken meat during storage.

Local food refers to food ingredients that are produced or easily obtained within the community, one of which is buffalo milk dadih from North Sumatra, a traditional Batak dish that is rich in nutrients and has a tofu-like shape with a characteristic white color. This study aims to determine consumer acceptance of Buffalo Milk Dadih Pudding (Bubalus bubalis) combined with strawberry fruit extract (Fragaria spp.), where the processing and acceptance testing were conducted at the Food Technology Laboratory of Poltekkes Kemenkes Medan, Nutrition Department in Lubuk Pakam. This research is experimental with a completely randomized design that includes three treatments and two replications: Treatment A consists of 100 grams of buffalo milk dadih and 60 ml of strawberry extract, Treatment B consists of 100 grams of dadih and 80 ml of extract, and Treatment C consists of 100 grams of dadih and 100 ml of extract. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at α 5%, followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the Buffalo Milk Dadih Pudding most favored by the panelists, based on color, texture, taste, and aroma, was Treatment C, which consisted of 100 grams of buffalo milk dadih and 100 ml of strawberry fruit extract.

Purple corn is one of the corn varieties that is being developed by Indonesia as a form of food diversification. The purple color of corn is produced by the high presence of anthocyanins so it can provide health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mutagenic, anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis. To ensure that the bioactive components are not damaged, extraction is carried out in stages by applying the maceration method using a polar solvent with the correct ethanol content of 96%. Apart from using the appropriate solvent, the length of maceration time will determine the results of the extract obtained. This research aims to find out how long maceration affects the content of bioactive compounds found in purple corn. The research used a completely randomized design with one treatment, namely maceration times of 12, 24 and 48 hours. The tests carried out included color intensity, total phenol and anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity. The research findings explain that the length of maceration has a significant effect on color intensity, total phenols and antioxidant activity of purple corn extract. 2 hour maceration was the best treatment in extracting bioactive compounds, namely total phenols of 206.29 g/100 g, total anthocyanins of 0.19 g/100 g and antioxidant activity of 58.80%.

Siam Weed leaf plants contain high levels of flavonoids and tannins. These compounds provide antibacterial potential. This study aims to formulate solid soap dosage form of ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves and test the antibacterial activity of it against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This is experimental research. Making the extract phytochemical screening test. Evaluation of the dosage form was done by organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, foam height, moisture content, irritation, stability, and antibacterial activity tests using the well method. The results showed that solid bath soap dosage form from the ethanol extract of siam weed leaves could be formulated into soap dosage form which had a pH in the range of 9.2 – 9.8, high foam that was stable and did not cause irritation to the skin of volunteers and tested for antibacterial activity on bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis with a concentration of 10% 8.84 mm, 15% concentration 10.56 mm and 20% concentration 12.11 mm. The conclusion showed that solid soap dosage form of ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) could be formulated and fulfilled the requirements after being evaluated and the antibacterial effectiveness of Staphylococcus epidermidis was the best at a concentration of 20% (strong).

Eco-pharmaceuticals are an emerging solution in the pharmaceutical industry, aimed at reducing environmental impacts through sustainable production, distribution, and disposal practices. The growing concern over pharmaceutical waste, especially in low-resource settings, highlights the need for greener alternatives. Pharmaceutical residues, often not fully removed during conventional wastewater treatments, contribute significantly to water pollution and disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Eco-pharmaceuticals address these issues by using biodegradable materials, environmentally friendly production methods, and safer disposal techniques, thereby reducing the persistence of pharmaceutical contaminants in the environment. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an essential methodology used to evaluate the environmental impact of pharmaceutical products, considering all stages from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal. The results of LCA show that eco-pharmaceuticals significantly reduce water pollution potential and carbon emissions when compared to conventional drugs. Additionally, they offer a more resource-efficient alternative by minimizing waste generation during production and ensuring safer end-of-life disposal. Despite the clear environmental benefits, challenges remain in transitioning to eco-pharmaceuticals, particularly in low-resource settings where infrastructure for waste management is limited. Cost and availability of eco-pharmaceuticals may also pose barriers to widespread adoption. However, with appropriate policy interventions, public education, and technological innovations, these challenges can be addressed. This study underscores the potential of eco-pharmaceuticals in mitigating environmental degradation while offering a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional pharmaceuticals, particularly in regions most vulnerable to pollution.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia, which can lead to microangiopathic and macroangiopathic complications. One of the chronic complications is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), which carries a high risk of infection and amputation. Preventing amputation can be achieved by accelerating wound healing. Dalethyne, a herbal product extracted through ozonization, contains essential oils, fatty acids, iodine, and peroxides. In wound care, Dalethyne acts as an antimicrobial agent that eliminates bacteria and promotes the formation of new tissue. This study aimed to examine the effect of modern Dalethyne dressings on wound healing among patients with diabetic foot ulcers. A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest design was conducted at a wound care clinic in Semarang. Thirty participants with grade 2–3 diabetic foot ulcers were divided into an intervention group (Dalethyne dressing) and a control group (standard care). Wound healing was assessed using the DMIST scale before and after one week of treatment. Both groups showed improvement in DMIST scores post-treatment. However, the intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvement (mean DMIST reduction of 48.50) compared to the control group (mean reduction of 16.50) (p = 0.001). Photographic evidence indicated more advanced granulation and epithelialization in the Dalethyne group. Modern wound care using Dalethyne effectively enhances wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers.

PT MAS operates in the mining sector, extracting white rocks or feldspar from steep and rugged slopes. Inadequate drainage systems pose significant challenges, such as floods, erosion, and landslides, emphasizing the critical role of effective drainage in mining activities. The designed drainage system incorporates trapezoidal open channels at the mining steps' base. Before reaching natural water bodies, mining water is directed to sedimentation ponds to settle sediments. This research, an experimental study correlating theory with field data, begins with a literature review on open channel drainage theories in mining areas. Data collection includes location specifics, mining area dimensions, rainfall, and runoff coefficients. Manning equation calculations determine planned open channel dimensions, with a bottom width of 0.45 m, flow depth of 0.39 m, freeboard height of 0.097 m, water surface width of 0.9 m, and a slope angle of 60⁰. The research aims to contribute insights for the development and management of open channel drainage systems in mining areas.