Publication Search

Iron deficiency anemia is a common condition that occurs in female students, influenced by many factors such as knowledge, attitudes and eating habits. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes about anemia, eating habits with the incidence of anemia in female students at the Faculty of Engineering, Unesa. This study used a cross-sectional design.  Sample from this study were 105 female students from 10 study programs. The data measured were knowledge and attitudes of anemia, eating habits containing intake of iron, vitamin C, calcium, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman's Rank Test. The data showed that the majority of respondents had moderate knowledge (55.2%), positive level for attitude (49.5%), iron intake was severe deficit level (70.5%), excessive of vitamin C intake (40.9%) and calcium intake at a severe deficit level (99%). The results of the bivariate test showed a relationship between several variables with the incidence of anemia , such us knowledge about anemia (p = 0.000 <0.05), attitude of anemia (p = 0.007 <0.05), and eating habits of vitamin C (p = 0.007 <0.05). While the habit of iron and calcium intake showed no relationship with the incidence of anemia (p = 0.083> 0.05) and (p = 0.107> 0.05). It concluded that knowledge and attitude about anemia also intake of vitamin C have relation with the incidence of anemia in female students at faculty of engineerig, Unesa while the intake of iron and calcium does not.

Knowledge is the result of the process of understanding and recognizing something obtained through sensing an object. Beta-lactam antibiotics are a type of broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections, but their use still has the potential to cause side effects in the form of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). This study aims to assess the level of patient knowledge regarding ADRs due to the use of beta-lactam antibiotics at Bendan Pekalongan Regional Hospital in 2024. This study used a prospective correlation design with a non-experimental approach. A total of 29 outpatients taking beta-lactam antibiotics were sampled, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, medical records, and analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that 41% of respondents had low knowledge regarding ADRs, 28% had sufficient knowledge, and 31% had good knowledge. These findings indicate the need for more intensive education regarding the risks of ADRs in order to improve the safety of antibiotic use.

Tuberculosis is a disease infection caused by Micobacterium Tuberculosisis disease with high level morbiditiy and very easy spread throug the droplet carried by air. Disease this could attack all age which children nor mature. There were 845.000 TB case in Indonesia in March 2021 and Lhokseumawe accounted for 10% of the number of cases in the province Aceh. Study this arm for analyze parental knowledge child TB patient before and after education at Cut Meutia Hospital Aceh Utara. This reasearch is Quasi Experimental reasearch type One-Group Pretest Posttest to 20 respondents who are parents from child TB patients. The sample is taken using accidental sampling. Measurement were carried out using a questionnaire containing the children`s TB knowledge. The results of this study indicate that majority of respondents before beiong given education had a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 80% and increased to good as much as 90% after being education. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. The results of statistical analysis show p value < 0.05. the conclusion of this study is there is differences in the level of knowledge of parents before and after being given education about TB in children at Cut Meutia Hospital.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires long-term adherence to treatment. One of the main challenges in managing type 2 DM is the low level of patient adherence to medication. This literature review aims to analyze the effect of health education on improving patients’ knowledge and medication adherence. The review is based on selected scientific articles that discuss the relationship between education, knowledge, and adherence in patients with DM. Findings indicate that health education-delivered through counseling, printed media, self-instructional modules, or home visits—generally improves patients’ understanding of the disease and the importance of regular treatment. This increase in knowledge contributes to better health behavior, particularly in terms of medication compliance. Interactive educational methods that involve healthcare providers and patient families are more effective than one-way communication approaches. Structured and continuous education tailored to patient characteristics has the potential to significantly enhance disease management. Therefore, health education should be prioritized as a key strategy to improve treatment adherence and prevent long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Degenerative diseases are a global health problem with increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia. This disease can cause serious complications in vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed through education and nutritional innovation. This community service program aims to provide education on molecular examinations for degenerative diseases and introduce the Watermelon Lemonade innovation as preventive nutrition. The activity was carried out in Dukuh Branglor, Mancasan Village, with the pre-test method, educational presentation, Q&A, product demonstration, and post-test. The results of the activity showed an increase in public knowledge about hypertension and its examination, as well as high enthusiasm for the Watermelon Lemonade innovation. Based on the results of the activity, it can be seen that molecular examinations can be used to diagnose hypertension through analysis of genetic biomarkers, proteins, and metabolites, and the Watermelon Lemonade innovation has the potential to help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The success of this program was shown by an increase in the average pre-test score of 58.46 to 86.67 in the post-test. The Wilcoxon test showed (p < 0.001), indicating a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results and proving an increase in participant understanding. The questionnaire results showed a high level of satisfaction from participants with the delivery of materials, product manufacturing demonstrations, and practical benefits that can be applied in everyday life. The Watermelon Lemonade innovation is not only useful as an alternative to preventing hypertension, but also has the potential to be further developed as a health product based on natural ingredients.

A healthy latrine is one of the essential sanitation facilities aimed at maintaining environmental health and improving public health in general. This research was conducted because the use of healthy latrines in Webetun Village remains low, where defecating in the forest has become a common practice among the community. This habit triggers the emergence of diseases such as diarrhea, malnutrition, undernutrition, dengue fever, and respiratory infections. This study aims to examine the behavior of latrine use in households in Webetun Village, Rinhat Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 66 housewives who owned healthy latrines, selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that variables such as latrine ownership (p=0.000) and water availability (p=0.000) were significantly associated with latrine use, while knowledge (p=0.681), attitude (p=0.588), actions (p=0.007), community leader support (p=0.081), and health worker support (p=0.069) were not significantly associated with latrine use. The findings revealed that water availability significantly influences latrine use. The availability of water facilitates family members in utilizing latrine facilities for activities such as flushing and maintaining cleanliness. Water availability also contributes to user comfort in maintaining latrine hygiene. Conversely, water scarcity hinders optimal latrine use by family members, potentially reducing utilization levels. The study findings also identified a correlation between latrine ownership and its use. Families are considered critical factors in shaping individual health behavior. The relationship between proper latrine ownership and usage behavior can be seen through the role of education in increasing awareness levels for adopting a healthy and clean lifestyle. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in learning can serve as a tool for students to acquire knowledge. However, the understanding and use of AI in education still face various challenges. Some universities have started integrating AI learning into their curricula, but its implementation remains limited and uneven across different institutions. Additionally, the level of AI literacy among students in Indonesia is still relatively low. Adequate AI literacy is crucial for students to optimize the use of this technology without excessive dependence and to understand its ethical implications.This research aims to assess students' understanding of AI literacy and explore how AI literacy education can be integrated with the European model. A mixed-method approach is used in this study, combining quantitative research through questionnaires and qualitative research through interviews. The results indicate that students in Indonesia have a fairly good understanding of AI literacy. However, several challenges remain, including students' dependence on AI and ethical issues related to its use.Therefore, collaboration among various stakeholders, including universities, the government, and industry, is essential to enhance students' AI literacy skills. Efforts can include training programs, providing access to AI resources, and adopting AI-based learning models that have been implemented in Europe. Through these measures, it is expected that students' AI literacy will improve, supporting the advancement of technology-based education in Indonesia.

Postpartum mothers’ understanding of the benefits of vitamin A plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of postpartum vitamin A supplementation programs. Vitamin A contributes to maternal immune function, supports visual health, and enhances the vitamin A content of breast milk, which is essential for infant health. Despite its importance, mothers’ knowledge regarding the benefits of vitamin A during the postpartum period remains inconsistent, indicating the need for more effective health education strategies. One approach that has the potential to improve comprehension among postpartum mothers is the use of audiovisual educational media. This study aimed to examine the effect of audiovisual media on postpartum mothers’ knowledge of the benefits of vitamin A at Ome Inpatient Primary Health Center. A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach was employed. The study sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire administered before and after the audiovisual education intervention. Data analysis included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the paired t-test. The findings demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in postpartum mothers’ knowledge following the audiovisual intervention. Mean knowledge scores increased markedly, accompanied by a shift in knowledge levels from poor and moderate categories to good. Statistical testing confirmed a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention knowledge scores. In conclusion, audiovisual media have a significant positive effect on improving postpartum mothers’ knowledge of the benefits of vitamin A. This educational approach can be considered an effective and practical method for postpartum health education in primary healthcare settings.

Background: Adequate knowledge about postpartum contraception is essential for postpartum women to prevent unintended pregnancies and maintain reproductive health. However, many postpartum women still have limited knowledge, which can lead to inappropriate contraceptive choices. Visual media is considered an effective educational tool because it can present complex information in a clear and engaging way. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of visual media on improving postpartum contraception knowledge among mothers at the Soasio Community Health Center. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach was used. The sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire on contraceptive knowledge. The intervention involved health education using visual media such as videos, posters, and infographics. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to assess differences before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, most respondents had poor to moderate knowledge, with only a small proportion demonstrating good understanding. After receiving education through visual media, there was a clear improvement, with the majority of respondents achieving good knowledge levels. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Visual media effectively improves postpartum contraception knowledge and can be applied in primary healthcare settings to enhance reproductive health literacy.

The incidence of short toddlers or commonly called stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world today. Stunting is a chronic condition in toddlers that describes inhibited body growth due to nutritional deficiencies in the long term. Stunting can have a bad impact on a person both in the short and long term. The adverse impact in the short term is disruption of brain development, intelligence, physical growth disorders, and metabolic disorders in the body. Meanwhile, the long-term adverse effects are decreased cognitive ability and learning achievement, decreased immunity, and a high risk of diabetes, obesity, heart and vascular disease, cancer, stroke, and disability in old age. Objective: To analyze the corellation between the level of knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the UPTD Panarung Palangka Raya Health Center and to analyze the relationship between the age of the mother during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the UPTD Panarung Health Center Palangka Raya. Methods: The design of this study is correlational (Non-Experimental), a type of cross sectional approach; the sample is 59 respondents at the UPTD Panarung Health Center. Results: Based on the results of the Spearman Rank statistical test, a value of p 0.000 < 0.05 can be concluded that H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a meaningful corellation between maternal knowledge and stunting incidence. And the results of  the Spearman Rank  statistical test obtained a value of p 0.009 < 0.05, it can be concluded that H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a meaningful corellation between the mother's age and the incidence of stunting. Conclusion: The results of this study show that there is a corellation between the level of awareness and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. And there is a corellation between the age of the mother during pregnancy and the incidence  of stunting in toddlers.

This study aims to examine the understanding of students of SMAN 1 Surakarta towards the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE), especially in the aspect of social media rights and the importance of background verification when applying for a job. This study used a qualitative approach with interview and participatory observation methods. The results showed that although students have basic knowledge of the prohibitions in ITE Law, their understanding of specific articles and legal consequences is still low. Formal education on ITE Law has not been optimally integrated in the school curriculum, so students obtain information from the media or personal experience. When it comes to verifying information when applying for a job, students tend to focus on the technical aspects, with no awareness of the importance of building a digital reputation. These findings underscore the need for educational approaches that are contextualized and based on students' digital experiences, such as case study-based learning and collaboration with legal practitioners. This research contributes to the development of digital law learning designs that are responsive to the needs of Generation Z and opens up opportunities for further research on digital legal literacy at the secondary education level.

Emesis gravidarum is a condition that is commonly experienced by pregnant women in the first trimester. This condition is characterized by complaints of nausea and vomiting which can cause discomfort, and even have the potential to cause serious complications if not handled properly. Based on data from the Sabatai Baru Health Center, Morotai Island, there were 5 cases of emesis gravidarum out of a total of 49 registered first-trimester pregnant women. Various factors, such as maternal age, parity, employment status, level of knowledge, family support, and environmental conditions, are known to play a role in the occurrence of emesis gravidarum. This study aims to examine the relationship between these factors and the incidence of emesis gravidarum in pregnant women in the first trimester at Harapan Bunda Hospital, Central Lampung. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 40 respondents who were selected using the total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires of respondent characteristics and PUQE-24 instruments, then analyzed using Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that as many as 23 respondents (57.5%) experienced mild to moderate emesis gravidarum, 17 respondents (42.5%) were in the high-risk age group, 22 respondents (55%) were primigravida, and 18 respondents (45%) had low levels of family support. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal age (p = 0.035), parity (p = 0.042), and family support (p = 0.001) and the incidence of emesis gravidarum. Furthermore, the results of the multivariate analysis revealed that family support was the most dominant factor influencing the occurrence of emesis gravidarum (p = 0.001; OR = 3.5). It is hoped that pregnant women will receive adequate education regarding the prevention and handling of emesis gravidarum.

Background: Injectable contraception is the most widely used method by women in Indonesia; however, its effectiveness heavily depends on adherence to follow-up visits. Non-adherence to the injection schedule increases the risk of unintended pregnancy. Objective: This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of an educational intervention in improving the knowledge and adherence of injectable contraceptive acceptors at Posi-Posi Community Health Center. Methods: The study used a Pre-Experimental design with a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample consisted of 30 respondents selected using total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test. Results: The mean knowledge score increased significantly from 1.73 to 1.37 (p-value 0.000). The level of adherence also showed a significant increase from a mean of 1.27 to 1.07 (p-value 0.031). After the education, the number of adherent acceptors increased from 73.3% to 90%. Conclusion: The provision of education is significantly effective in improving the knowledge and follow-up visit adherence of injectable contraceptive acceptors at Posi-Posi Community Health Center.

Indonesia faces various nutritional problems, one of which is central obesity. This condition occurs due to excessive energy intake that surpasses the amount of energy used for metabolism and daily activities. The excess energy is stored as fat tissue, which eventually leads to weight gain and increases the risk of various metabolic diseases. This study aims to examine the risk factors for central obesity in the community at Mon Geudong Public Health Center, Lhokseumawe City.This study employs a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional survey design. The population consists of 1,121 individuals, and the sample was obtained using a non-probability sampling technique with accidental sampling, resulting in a total of 100 respondents. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and waist circumference measurements using a measuring tape. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis to examine the distribution of respondent characteristics.The results indicate that the most affected age group is 56–65 years (49.0%). Based on gender, more women (80.0%) experience central obesity compared to men (20.0%). The majority of respondents are unemployed, possess good knowledge levels, and 69.0% have a family history of central obesity.The study concludes that the primary risk factors for central obesity include age, gender, occupation, and family history. However, knowledge level is not considered a risk factor for central obesity. This research is expected to serve as a basis for central obesity prevention efforts through education and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle in the community.

Maternal health is a measure of the level of social welfare. Maternal death is the death of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days after the end of pregnancy. Perineal rupture is the second most common cause of postpartum bleeding. Tearing may coincide with uterine atony. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), 2.7 million cases of perineal rupture occurred in mothers giving birth. This figure is estimated to reach 6.3 million in 2050. One way to prevent perineal rupture is to maintain the elasticity of the perineum. Increasing the elasticity of the perineum is done by means of pregnancy exercises. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture in postpartum mothers at Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga.The research design is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was all mothers giving birth at Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga in November-March 2023, namely 764 people with a research sample of 88 people. The sampling technique used random sampling and research analysis used the chi square test.The research results showed that the majority of pregnant women who took part in pregnancy exercise at BPM were 47 (53.4%) and those who did not do pregnancy exercise were 41 (46.6%). Inpartum mothers who experienced perineal rupture were 42 (47.3%) and those who did not experience perineal rupture were 46 (52.3%). Based on the results of statistical tests between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture, the p value = 0.003 (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture during birth at BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga. So it was suggested to Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga to improve services, especially for pregnant women, to do pregnancy exercises.

MSMEs play a key role in the national economy, especially in increasing economic growth and creating new jobs. However, in the digital era, MSMEs face major problems, such as low levels of digital literacy, limited access to the internet, and fierce competition with large companies that have used technology before. This study examines the variables that influence the sustainability of MSMEs amidst digital challenges and finds methods that can be used so that MSMEs can survive and grow. The research method was carried out through surveys and direct interviews with MSME actors at Pasar Pagi Setia Budi, Medan, North Sumatra. The results of the study showed that most MSME actors did not utilize digital platforms for marketing and transactions, which resulted in decreased income. To increase competitiveness, MSMEs need to improve their digital knowledge, adopt online marketing strategies, and optimize the use of e-commerce and social media. Support from the government, financial institutions, and technology companies is also very important. In the increasingly competitive digital era, by implementing the right digitalization strategy, MSMEs can improve operational efficiency, expand market reach, and maintain the sustainability of their business.

Drug abuse in today's young generation is one of the serious problems that has a very negative and very bad effect on the physical, social and future health of today's young generation. The purpose of the activity of socialization of the dangers of drug abuse for the young generation in Lumban Gurning Village is so that the young generation in Lumban Gurning Village can increase awareness and knowledge, and prevent drug abuse, and can build a healthy young generation and create a healthy environment. Drug abuse is one of the very serious problems in Indonesia, especially in the young generation. The method used in this socialization is the lecture and discussion method. In this socialization activity, the level of knowledge of people about drugs and the dangers of drugs has been quite good, but in their efforts to understand the prevention of drug abuse is still not good. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out socialization by trying to inform it maximally, especially in terms of strengthening topics and news about more effective ways of preventing the dangers of drugs, by carrying out socialization about drug abuse, it can help the people of Lumban Gurning Village to be more careful and understand more about what drugs really are. By understanding what drugs are, the community in Lumban Gurning village can prevent and overcome drug abuse.

Immunization is one of the important disease prevention efforts for toddlers. Complete immunization in toddlers can prevent various diseases that can be high-risk for children's health, such as diphtheria, polio, hepatitis, and measles. However, the level of complete immunization coverage in toddlers in Indonesia, including in the working area of ​​the UPTD Sawang Health Center, North Aceh Regency, is still a challenge. This study aims to identify factors that influence the implementation of complete immunization in toddlers in the area. The method used in this study is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of parents or caregivers of toddlers in the working area of ​​the UPTD Sawang Health Center, with a total of 100 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included factors such as parental knowledge, attitudes, accessibility of health services, and family socio-economic factors. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics. The results of the study showed that there were several factors that influenced complete immunization in toddlers, namely parental knowledge about the importance of immunization, parental attitudes towards immunization, accessibility to health facilities, and parental education levels. Socioeconomic factors, such as family income and parental occupation, also played an important role in the success of complete immunization. In addition, there was a significant influence between the distance from the house to health facilities on the level of immunization coverage. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that efforts to increase the coverage of complete immunization in toddlers in the Sawang Health Center UPTD area need to consider these factors.

The sub-optimal execution of discharge planning often leads to an increase in readmission rates, ultimately resulting in patients bearing the costs of extended hospital stays. Data regarding the implementation of discharge planning in Indonesia reveals that 61% of nurses in Yogyakarta and 54% of nurses in Bandung do not conduct discharge planning Observational data indicated that nurses were not implementing discharge planning in accordance with the established Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in the ward. The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of optimization in discharge planning practices at General Hospital of Pringsewu. Data collection methods conducted on November 9th 2024, involved interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The findings highlighted a nursing management issue that the sub-optimal implementation of discharge planning in the Surgical Ward at The General Hospital of Pringsewu. The planned intervention is to provide education on the importance of optimal discharge planning. The intervention was carried out on December 20th 2024, through educational sessions that emphasized the significance of discharge planning. Following the educational activity, there was a measurable improvement in the nurses' knowledge regarding discharge planning. Pre-test results ranged from 50% to 70%, while post-test results ranged from 80% to 95%. It is anticipated that the enhancement of nurses' knowledge will lead to the optimization of discharge planning practices in the surgical ward, thereby improving the overall quality of patient care provided by nurses.

According to the anthropometric standards for evaluating children's nutritional status, stunting is a growth failure condition based on the weight-for-age (W/A) or height-for-age (H/A) index, where the measurement results fall within the threshold (Z-Score) of -2 SD to -3 SD (short/stunted) and -3 SD (very short/severely stunted). In 2023, 27.3% of the toddlers in Penfui Timur Village were still stunted. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how stunting reduction policies are being implemented in Penfui Timur Village, Kupang Regency. This research used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The informants in this study is 8 informants, consisting of 2 main informants and 6 supporting informants. The main informants are the head of the Penfui Timur village and the nutrition staff of the Tarus Health Center. The supporting informants are 2 posyandu cadres, mothers of stunted toddlers, pregnant women, village residents, and teenage girls.The data analysis process in this research begins by collecting data from interviews and then reducing the resulting data. After that, the data is presented and concluded. The study's result showed that although the policy has been applied effectively, it still falls short of the implementation theory's requirements. The implementers' low educational and human resource levels, the ignorance of expectant mothers and parents of children with stunted growth, and the lack of facilities and infrastructure are the contributing reasons. Although the village government's communication component with other implementing parties has been functioning smoothly, communication with the leaders of the target community has not been at its best. The policy implementers are already familiar with the methods and duties associated with their respective areas of responsibility. The bureaucratic structure's policy implementers are already familiar with the technical facets of reducing stunting. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to increasing the knowledge involved in  implementation policy for stunting reduction