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Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is an escalating global health issue, particularly with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), which complicate treatment and control efforts. Resistance to both first-line and second-line drugs weakens the effectiveness of standard WHO-recommended therapies, while alternative drugs can cause severe side effects and reduce patient adherence. This study aims to explore the integration of bioinformatics and pharmacogenomics in supporting personalized TB treatment to improve therapeutic success and reduce the risk of further resistance. The research employed a laboratory-based experimental design with a bioinformatics approach, involving TB patients with clinical evidence of drug resistance. Clinical samples were analyzed through whole genome sequencing to identify gene mutations associated with resistance, followed by pharmacogenomic mapping to predict pharmacological responses based on patients’ genetic variations. The results revealed several specific gene mutations consistently linked to resistance and produced individualized therapeutic recommendations that were more targeted than standard protocols. Effectiveness evaluation demonstrated that genome-based personalized therapy yielded higher treatment success rates, faster recovery times, and lower rates of subsequent resistance. These findings highlight the significant potential of precision medicine in TB management, particularly for resistant cases that are difficult to treat with conventional approaches. In conclusion, the integration of bioinformatics and pharmacogenomics plays an essential role in strengthening TB treatment strategies through a personalized, adaptive, effective, and sustainable approach. Nevertheless, its implementation still faces challenges such as high costs, limited infrastructure, and the need for clear regulations regarding the use of patients’ genomic data.

The advancement of Industry 4.0 demands production systems to operate more efficiently, adaptively, and securely in facing global challenges. One promising technology that addresses these needs is the Digital Twin (DT), a digital representation of physical systems that enables integration between the real and virtual environments. Through DT, production processes can be modeled, monitored, and tested in real time, allowing for evaluation and optimization before implementation in actual systems. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of DT in modeling automated industrial systems, particularly in relation to improving production efficiency, quality control, energy savings, and operational safety. The research employed an experimental approach based on simulation within a robotic production line consisting of machines, sensors, actuators, and conveyors. The research stages included identifying system components and workflows, developing a DT model that integrates physical and virtual layers with Internet of Things–based data connectivity, and conducting simulations representing diverse operational scenarios. The findings indicate that DT implementation enhances operational efficiency, reduces production errors, and optimizes energy utilization. Furthermore, DT proves effective in strengthening safety aspects by enabling early detection of potential disruptions and providing preventive recommendations before significant impacts occur. Compared to conventional simulations, DT offers a more realistic, adaptive, and relevant approach to the needs of modern industry. The implications of this study highlight DT’s strong potential to become a new standard in the development and control of automation-based production systems, driving the creation of smarter, more efficient, and sustainable industries.

The Madrasah Principal is the school personnel responsible for all activities at school. He has the authority and responsibility to Manages all educational activities in the school he leads. Supervision is a coaching activity planned to help teachers and staff other schools so they can do their jobs effectively. Objective This research is to find out the academic supervision strategies carried out by madrasa heads to improve teacher academic performance at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Jambi City.Results of academic supervision. . This research method is qualitative phenomenology with a study research design case. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Technique data analysis using flow, data reduction, presentation of data at the verification stage. Testing Data validity was carried out using a triangulation approach. The two teachers' planning stages were included in the good category with recap scores of 86% and 89%. In the implementation stage, class 1 teachers obtained a score of 86% in the good category, a score of 91% obtained by the class 4 teacher in the very good category. In the evaluation stage, both teachers were also included in the category both with recap scores of 86% and 85%. Meanwhile, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at the SD/MI level prioritizes project-based learning in order to realize the Pancasila Student Profile. This is also very relevant to 21st century learning which equips students with the 4C skills needed to answer the challenges of the times. There are 3 (three) options in implementing or implementing the independent curriculum (IKM) at the SD/MI level, namely: Independent Learning Category, independent change category and independent sharing category at class I and class IV SD/MI levels starting in the 2022/2023 school year .

This community service aims to provide learning guidance for elementary school children. The implementation of this service was carried out by PSDKU Regency Real Work Lecture (KKN) students. Southwest Maluku in Patti Village. The method for implementing community service activities consists of three stages, namely planning, implementation and evaluation. Community service activities in the form of tutoring will be carried out from August – September 2023 3 times a week, at 16.00–17.30 WIT in the Patti Christian Elementary School study room. The tutoring participants are Patti Christian Elementary School children. Students provide study guidance material using lecture methods, practice questions and questions and answers. The tutoring activities that have been implemented are going well. The results of this activity have had a positive impact on the participants and are an example of how community service can help improve the quality of education at the basic level. Participants' ability to understand and solve practice questions well and correctly. Furthermore, basic English language skills and computer training have also increased among the children of Patti village.  

The aim of this research is to explain the implementation of the project-based learning model in Javanese language subjects. Descriptive qualitative method was used as a step in this research. The data in the research was collected through interview, observation and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used by Miles and Huberman is in steps 1) data is collected, 2) data is reduced, 3) data is presented, and 4) data is concluded. Informants include school principals, teachers and students. The result of this research is that this project-based learning model was implemented for wayang material. This PjBL model is named Ngenger. Ngenger is carried out by preparing class VII students, preparing a schedule of Ngenger activities, supervising the implementation of Ngenger, assessing students, and conducting an evaluation of the implementation of Ngenger.

This study aims to find out the effect of harvest time done on corn fodder hydroponic system on the content analysis of ash content, moisture content, coarse protein content, coarse fat content, coarse fiber content, and optimal energy content to be given as animal feed. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 5 replays where the treatment is P0 = Grass odot harvest age 40 days, P1 = hydroponic corn fodder harvest age 7 days, P2 = corn fodder hydroponic harvest age 9 days, P3 = corn fodder hydroponic harvest age 11 days. The observed parameters are analysis of ash content, moisture content, coarse protein content, coarse fat content, coarse fiber content, and energy content. The results showed that the analysis of the highest ash levels was P0 with an average ash content of 15.36% and differed very noticeablely against P1 with an average low ash content of 7.08%. The highest water content analysis is P3 with an average water content of 87.29% and differs greatly and differs very noticeablely against the P0 with an average water content of 80.86%. The highest rough protein content analysis was P1 with an average rough protein content of 16.04% and differed unreally against P3 with the lowest coarse protein content of 12.63%. The highest rough fat content analysis was P2 with an average rough fat content of 2.33% and differed very noticeablely against P0 with the lowest coarse fat content of 0.44%. The highest rough fiber content analysis was P0 with an average rough fiber content of 22.29% and differed very noticeablely against P0 with the lowest coarse fiber content of 9.82%. The highest energy level analysis is P0 with an average energy content of 3971 kcal and differs very noticeably against P0 with the lowest energy content of 3571 kcal.

This research is development research which aims to develop a learning E-Module using a guided inquiry model in reaction rate material to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the E-Module. The development model used in this research uses the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. This E-module has gone through a validation stage by validators/experts and has gone through food trials, resulting in an E-Module that is valid, practical and effective. The results of the research are 1) E-Module validity assessment by material experts obtained a score of 0.77% in the medium validity category, and media experts obtained a score of 0.81% in the high validity category; 2) the assessment of the practicality of the e-module in student responses obtained a score of 83.75% and teachers who obtained a score of 94.64% were categorized as very practical; 3) The assessment of the effectiveness of the E-Module was seen from the learning results test on 20 students and received a score of 94% so it was categorized as very effective. The conclusion is that the development of a learning E-Module using a guided inquiry model in reaction rate material is valid, practical and effective for use in learning.

Di era digital saat ini, kemajuan teknologi informasi mengalami pertumbuhan yang pesat. Salah satu perkembangan yang signifikan terjadi dalam bidang kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence), yang telah diterapkan luas di berbagai sektor, termasuk analisis data dan pengambilan keputusan. Para peneliti di bidang data mining telah menciptakan beragam algoritma klasifikasi yang meningkatkan proses klasifikasi dengan memanfaatkan atribut numerik dan nominal. Klasifikasi adalah suatu proses analisis data yang menghasilkan model untuk mewakili kelas-kelas dalam data tersebut, seperti yang terjadi pada Decision Tree yang digunakan untuk menganalisis klasifikasi dan pola prediksi data serta menggambarkan hubungan antara variabel atribut  dan variabel target  dalam bentuk struktur pohon. Python, sebagai bahasa pemrograman populer dalam pengembangan kecerdasan buatan, menyediakan pustaka dan framework yang mendukung implementasi algoritma Decision Tree. Dengan menerapkan algoritma Decision Tree untuk klasifikasi data evaluasi mobil menggunakan Python, kita dapat memanfaatkan kekuatan AI untuk memberikan solusi efektif dan efisien dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait evaluasi mobil. Menggunakan dataset Evaluation Car dari UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository, hasil penelitian menunjukkan akurasi sebesar 81%. Confusion Matrix dan laporan klasifikasi menunjukkan performa model yang baik dalam melakukan prediksi.

In principle, pension funds replace employee benefits. Taspen is a pension and insurance program organizer that serves ASN, judges, and civil servants. The source of funding for this pension program comes from the basic salary (gapok), additional basic salary, as well as the last monthly additional basic salary. So in essence, civil servants who have retired can rely on Taspen to manage their pension funds, which will be given in the form of monthly payments in accordance with applicable regulations. So here researchers carry out an analysis to find out what the customers in question are using the pension funds for. Are these funds managed and utilized well? This research uses a qualitative approach. data was collected using the interview method. After all the data has been collected, data analysis is carried out. The data analysis used is non-statistical data analysis. In this research, what is analyzed is the data collected in interview transcripts. Based on the research results, it is known that customers can use pension funds for various purposes, such as living costs. when retiring, investing, purchasing property, or supporting the education of children or grandchildren. Apart from that, customers also manage pension funds by carrying out financial planning, selecting investment portfolios, carrying out evaluations and monitoring, making wise expenditures, carrying out and considering insurance and protection, then consulting with financial experts.

The lack of public knowledge about hypertension and information about drugs is an obstacle to success in the healing process. In line with this, Gebriet et al. (2017) explained that the level of knowledge and understanding of hypertensive patients regarding their disease can support the success of therapy so that the patient's blood pressure can be well controlled. The more patients understand their disease, the more aware patients will be in maintaining a lifestyle, regularly taking medication, and the level of patient compliance will also increase. Before conducting counseling, participants were given a pre-test to find out how much knowledge the community had about hypertension. During the implementation of the activity, participants paid attention enthusiastically and actively. This can be seen from the many questions from the participants and the right answers to questions from the community service team. At the end of the activity, participants conducted an evaluation. The results of the evaluation conducted from 10 participants showed that the pre-test results were 45% good, 55% fair value, the post-test results showed that 85% good 15% fair. So there has been an increase in knowledge from before and after counseling.

Teaching methods are the way teachers deliver learning material in every face-to-face meeting with students. Creative, professional teachers are required to develop approaches and choose effective teaching methods to create a conducive and enjoyable learning climate. To avoid boredom in learning, teachers can choose a method that suits the subject or sub-subject at the same time and place at once, because there are strengths and weaknesses in each teaching method. Teaching methods that are suitable for certain subjects are characterized by high student learning achievement in each learning evaluation implementation. Another factor that influences learning outcomes is achievement motivation. In the learning process, achievement motivation is very important to give to students. This is intended to stimulate students' creativity and willingness to participate in learning activities. Achievement motivation is the desire to complete something to achieve a standard of success, and to make an effort to achieve success    

The implementation of this community service involves this Partner Village located in Randutatah Village, Paiton District, Probolinggo Regency. This group has various businesses, processed seafood. Technology development in the digital era has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including in business and marketing. E-commerce is one form of technology utilization that is growing rapidly, providing new opportunities for business actors, including farmers and fishermen in Randutatah Paiton Village. However, obstacles such as limited internet access, lack of e-commerce knowledge, low marketing networks, and intense competition on e-commerce platforms are the main challenges.To overcome these obstacles, a training program on e-commerce utilization was conducted.  This training program involves business owners and workers, with an implementation method that includes planning, implementing activities, and monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of the implementation of this community service is to apply e-commerce to the sale of various MSME products in Randutatah Village with the intention of introducing and increasing their sales turnover, while the method used is to use participatory methods, counseling, mentoring and training. The results obtained from the implementation of this community service are that with the help of training and e-commerce applications, it can reduce the sales turnover of MSME products in Randutatah Village.

The goal to be achieved is to find out the use of spin wheel learning media on heroism material on class learning outcomes. This research is class action research (action research). This research was conducted in the form of cycles, each cycle consisting of several components, namely the stages of preparation, planning, implementation of action, observation and monitoring, reflection, evaluation and revision and conclusion of the results. The data validation process is carried out by asking for an assessment of experts and practitioners regarding the content and outline of the written test which is used as a data collection tool, so that the tool is used to measure student abilities. The use of the spin wheel learning model is proven to improve student learning outcomes. The learning process on the subject matter of heroism from the aspects of teachers and students can be achieved because from cycle to cycle there is reflection and improvement through good collaboration between researchers and observers. This result can be achieved because of this cooperation in designing, implementing, observing, and reflecting on cycles for two cycles. Improving mathematics learning outcomes through the spin wheel learning model in heroism material can be achieved.

Mastering English vocabulary, which is a foreign language in Indonesia, is not easy. To master English vocabulary, appropriate technique in teaching is needed. This is the basis for carrying out English vocabulary mastery training using guessing game for the children of the Al Mim Palangkaraya Orphanage. This training was attended by ten participants and accompanied by an instructor in March 2023 for one day which included preparation, implementation and evaluation. The training material consists of mastering English vocabulary using guessing game. The list of English vocabulary provided is related to the names of professions in English. The results of the training show that guessing game can be implemented well in the mastering English vocabulary. Guessing game can make the participants motivated, interested, more active, enthusiastic, and not bored. Guessing game can also help the participants to acquire new English vocabulary.

One of the complaints that are often experienced by pregnant women is sleep disorders. Sleep disorders that occur in pregnant women are a reduction in sleep duration. According to a 2012 survey by the National Sleep Foundation, about 78% of pregnant women in America have trouble sleeping. While in Indonesia 97% of pregnant women experience sleep disorders in the third trimester. The purpose of this study is to determine the evaluation of the implementation of prenatal yoga with the quality of sleep of III trimester pregnant women at the Olive Sahabat Bunda Clinic. This research method is a quantitative research type of descriptive analytical research design used is one group pre test post test design. The number of samples used was 30 respondents. The variables of the study were prenatal yoga and sleep quality. The measuring instrument or instrument in this study was the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The results of this study showed that before prenatal yoga, 23 respondents (23.3%) had poor sleep quality at night and only 7 respondents (76.7%) had good sleep quality.

This community service program is carried out in the Ngunut area, Tulungagung Regency, with activity partner ONC. The problems faced include economic growth and technological developments emphasizing the need for ONC to remain competitive and sustainable. Tight competition in the local market, the need for updated technological knowledge, and business sustainability challenges are the main focus. Solutions carried out through the latest training provide a solid foundation for their self-development. Strategic collaboration with activity partners and analysis of new business opportunities are the foundation for developing business models that are not only innovative but also sustainable. Technology enablement and implementation of digital marketing strategies were key steps in improving ONC's operational efficiency and increasing their visibility in the tight local market. outreach on business sustainability provides better understanding for ONC members, helping them reduce environmental impacts and increase resource efficiency. As an integral part of this program, monitoring and evaluation are carried out strictly to measure the impact of each step taken. Thus, the community service program not only provides an immediate solution to the challenges ONC faces, but also forms the basis for long-term investment, supporting the growth and sustainability of their business in the future.

The Village Head and the Village Consultative Body are two parties who are referred to as working partners in the process of implementing development programs in the village, this is because the BPD together with the Village Head determines the Village work program. In addition, the Village Head has the authority to lead the implementation of village government programs, while the BPD institutionally represents the village population and acts as a supervisor for the implementation of government programs in the village. Another function of the BPD is to accommodate and channel the aspirations of the village community. The village head and BPD must have the same thoughts in implementing village government, so that village government can be implemented in accordance with community expectations and demands. The problem formulation in this research is: (1) What is the working relationship between the Village Government and the Village Consultative Body? (2) What are the inhibiting factors in implementing development programs in Tribur village, South Abad District?The results of this research used empirical juridical research methods and the data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively where the focus of the research was planning, implementation, supervision and evaluation; namely research where the data was directly obtained from the research location for 15 people.

Many businesses experienced losses due to the Covid-19 pandemic, one of which was Mitra who was laid off from his job due to his business going bankrupt. Partners have cake-making skills that they acquired while working. Mitra wants to open his own business but doesn't have the capital so he can't afford cake ingredients and machines. There are two problems with Partners, namely the production sector, Partners do not have capital and marketing problems, Partners do not know how to market their products. The goal of service is that partners have income and the business they run runs and develops. As a result of dedication, the provision of an oven machine has resulted in Mitra getting a lot of orders, as can be seen from the evaluation carried out over seven days of orders, usually only 3 bolus cakes every day, but now it can reach 15 bolus cakes every day. In conclusion, the oven provided by the Service Team is the result of a discussion group forum which is really needed by Partners. Partner's income has increased since the Service Team provided the oven to Partners as seen from the evaluation carried out by the Service Team

Adolescent nutritional problems are a continuation of childhood nutritional problems such as iron deficiency anemia. Prolonged iron deficiency can cause anemia. Teenagers need more to replace iron lost along with menstrual blood. Anemia in adolescent girls is currently still high, according to WHO, the world prevalence of anemia ranges from 40-88%. The majority of students at SMP Negeri 5 Nekamese are young women who are vulnerable to suffering from anemia, so it is necessary to conduct anemia education and measure hemoglobin (Hb) in young women. The aim of this community service is to increase the knowledge of young women about anemia and school health so that it becomes a healthy and anemia-free school. The empowerment method in this community service activity uses the Question and Answer Lecture method. Counseling was conducted for young women in grades 7, 8 and 9 at SMP Negeri 5 Nekamese on September 9 2023, which was attended by 30 young women. The activity began with preparations for making an examination stand, distributing leaflets, explaining material or counseling using the lecture method of question and answer and evaluation. Before the counseling is carried out, a pre-test is carried out, then after the counseling a post-test is carried out. The implication of this community service activity is an increase in young women's knowledge about anemia and healthy schools. It is hoped that after carrying out this activity, young women can prevent anemia during adolescence by increasing their food consumption patterns to be diverse, nutritious, balanced and safe.

Currency is a symbol of a country's sovereignty, the Rupiah is currency as well as a legal means of payment for use in economic transactions in Indonesia. Learning to understand the difference between fake and real money and implementing how severe punishments for dealers and users of counterfeit money are carried out effectively will provide a positive change in the future for students. This socialization regarding disclosing the secret of the difference between real and fake money and preventing fake money fraud was highly appreciated regarding this socialization, especially teachers and students, but many students were still confused about differentiating between real and fake money. So that female students do not get caught up in fraud and the distribution of counterfeit money, this socialization hopes that female students from early ages to adults can avoid and be able to distinguish between real and fake money, understand the characteristics of the authenticity of money, and know the penalties related to the laws that apply to its use. and distribution of counterfeit money. The methods for implementing activities in this socialization are lecture, interview, discussion and evaluation methods. The results of the training are an increase in understanding of real money vs fake money, understanding the characteristics, increasing insight regarding applicable legal regulations and being able to use this knowledge better in the present and future.