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Background: The rapid advancement of digital technologies in the Industry 4.0 era has transformed industrial mechanical systems into highly interconnected and data driven environments through the integration of sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), data analytics, and cyber physical systems. This increasing complexity requires more adaptive and accurate monitoring and prediction methods than conventional simulation approaches, which often face limitations in capturing real time dynamic system behavior. Objective: This study aims to develop a predictive performance model for industrial mechanical systems by integrating Digital Twin technology with Physics Informed Machine Learning in order to improve monitoring accuracy and support predictive maintenance strategies. Methods: This research adopts a data driven modeling and simulation approach by developing a digital representation of an industrial mechanical system that is connected to real time sensor data. The prediction model is constructed using a Physics Informed Neural Network (PINN), which integrates operational data with physical principles governing system dynamics. The research process includes the development of a Digital Twin model, integration of sensor data, training of the PINN model, model validation using experimental data, and evaluation of prediction performance using statistical metrics. Results: The results indicate that the integration of Digital Twin technology and PINN significantly improves the prediction accuracy of industrial mechanical system performance compared with conventional simulation methods and purely data driven machine learning models. The proposed model is capable of representing system dynamics more consistently, accurately following sensor data patterns, and providing strong potential for supporting machine condition monitoring and predictive maintenance strategies in modern industrial environments.

Entrepreneurship training is an important strategy in the economic empowerment of village communities, especially for the youth of Karang Taruna and PKK members who have a strategic role in local development. In Kaladawa Village, local potentials such as agricultural products, processed food, and handicrafts actually have a fairly high economic value. However, this potential has not been utilized optimally due to low knowledge, skills, and access to information and technology that supports entrepreneurship. Lack of understanding of business planning, digital marketing, and financial management is often the main obstacle that hinders village communities from starting and developing businesses independently. This community service activity aims to increase the capacity and economic independence of the residents of Kaladawa Village through practice-based entrepreneurship training. The training is comprehensively arranged, combining interactive lecture methods, group discussions, case studies, and simple business simulations so that participants are able to understand in theory and practice. The training material includes basic concepts of entrepreneurship, identification and analysis of local potential-based business opportunities, preparation of business plans, digital marketing strategies using social media, and financial management of micro businesses. Not only technical skills, this training also equips participants with soft skills such as business communication skills, teamwork, and creative and innovative thinking. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the basic principles of entrepreneurship and readiness to start a business independently. The pre-test and post-test evaluations showed a spike in comprehension scores, while the business plan products developed by participants showed creativity and the use of local potential that had not been previously worked on. Some participants have even formed community-based small business groups. This training also succeeded in forming an adaptive and innovative entrepreneurial mindset and building a social network that supports business collaboration.

This community service program was implemented to strengthen the digital literacy and competencies of health cadres in Simogirang Village, Prambon Sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency, particularly in the recording and management of Posyandu (integrated health service post) data. The initiative responded to ongoing issues stemming from manual documentation methods, which were prone to human error, inefficiency, and lack of integration with regional health information systems. To address these challenges, the program delivered an IT-based training module using a combination of direct instruction, demonstrations, and hands-on simulations. The training emphasized the use of accessible and cost-effective tools such as Google Forms and Google Sheets, designed in alignment with the principles of adult learning (andragogy) and Kurt Lewin’s change management model to facilitate behavioral adaptation and technology acceptance among the participants. A total of 25 health cadres participated in the program. Pre- and post-training evaluations demonstrated significant improvement in digital skills, with 80% of participants achieving a minimum of 85% accuracy in completing digital forms and managing records. In addition, a prototype digital system based on Google Workspace was successfully piloted in two Posyandu locations. This system enhanced the timeliness, accuracy, and integration of health data reporting to local health centers (Puskesmas), offering a scalable and sustainable solution for grassroots healthcare data management. Despite the positive outcomes, the program also identified key challenges, notably limited internet infrastructure and varying levels of prior digital exposure among cadres. These findings underscore the need for continuous mentoring, support from local government stakeholders, and potential investment in digital infrastructure. Overall, the initiative contributes to Indonesia’s broader goals of digital transformation in public health, particularly at the village level.

The postpartum period is a critical period for mothers and babies because a other does not only focus on herself,, but also on caring for her baby. Problems arise in postpartum service visits results in minimal information on ppostpartum vare. Community empowerment through improving the skills of cadres as companions for postpartum mothers is expected to solve problems in postpartum mothers. Community service activities will be carried out for 3 face to face meetings in Bandengan Village involving 6 active Posyandu with 21 people attending. Improving the knowledge and skills of cadres is carried out using a case study approach, group discussions, lectures and simulations. Assistance will be carried out by scheduling visits to postpartum mothers and conducting evaluations. There has been an increase in the knowledge and skills of cadres in assisting postpartum mothers. It is hoped that healthy cadres can become an extension of health workers in monitoring postpartum mothers and their babies, so that problems can be reduced.

This community service activity aims to form church youth leadership through basic training carried out in a participatory and educational manner at the HKBP Church, Laguboti Resort, Toba Regency. The activity was carried out on May 2, 2025 at the Simanarium Sipaholon and was attended by 50 active church youth. The implementation methods used include lectures, interactive discussions, leadership simulations, group dynamics, and direct mentoring. This activity is designed in several stages, namely preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the activity showed that the training had a positive impact on participants' understanding of leadership that is devoted and has a Christian character. Participants experienced changes in attitude, increased participation, and showed a new spirit in service. This training has proven to be able to form reflective and responsible leadership characters, as well as encourage active involvement of youth in church life.

This study examines the development of an industry-oriented business curriculum to enhance graduate competitiveness in the global market. The research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis to evaluate curriculum structures, experiential learning models, digital competency integration, and industry collaboration practices in higher education institutions. The findings reveal that industry-oriented curricula significantly improve graduate employability by aligning academic learning with labor market requirements. Experiential learning methods, including internships, project-based learning, and business simulations, contribute to the development of practical and professional competencies. In addition, collaboration between universities and industries strengthens curriculum relevance and supports innovation in teaching and learning processes. The study also highlights the importance of digital literacy, global perspectives, and communication skills in preparing graduates for international competition. Ultimately, curriculum innovation is essential for producing adaptive, competitive, and professionally prepared graduates capable of responding to rapid economic and technological transformations

Optimizing the use of quadcopter drones as personal explosive weapons for Marine Corps has become the focus of innovative research following the global trend of utilizing the latest military technology. The use of First Person View (FPV) drones as explosive weapons in military operations has become a global trend, especially after its success in conflicts such as Russia-Ukraine1. This research aims to optimize the E99 Pro FPV drone as an explosive weapon to increase the effectiveness and flexibility of marine infantry operations in the modern combat era. The methodology uses Research and Development (R&D) design with an applied experimental approach, including system design, prototyping, operator training, and field testing. The test involved 20 Marine Corps infantry soldiers as operators in a combat simulation scenario with questionnaire instruments, observations, and technical test equipment. The results showed that the drone was capable of carrying an explosive load of 10 grams of gunpowder with a flight time of 9.5 minutes and a mission success rate of 85% in attacking weak points of armored vehicles. Its operation is considered easy by soldiers even those who are inexperienced, while reducing the risk of casualties through long-range attacks. In terms of cost, this solution is economical with real-time camera capabilities that increase the accuracy of target identification. In conclusion, the E99 Pro drone is effective as an explosive weapon that is easy to operate, economical, and increases the flexibility of Marine infantry tactics. Its integration extends the attack range and becomes an innovative solution to the threat of armored vehicles. The implications of the research emphasize the need for further development and special soldier training for optimal integration into Marine Corps combat doctrine.

This community service activity aimed to introduce and strengthen the understanding of sociopreneurship among students of SMA Islam Andalusia Kebasen through an experiential learning approach. The initiative responded to the need for youth empowerment programs that combine entrepreneurial skills with social responsibility, particularly those grounded in Islamic values. The one-day training was designed to be interactive and engaging, incorporating inspirational dialogues with practitioners, interactive simulations, role-plays, and value reflections. These methods were intended to create an immersive learning experience, enabling students to connect theory with real-world application. A total of 50 students participated in the program. The training focused on three main objectives: (1) developing the ability to identify and analyze social issues in their community, (2) designing solutions through the creation of social enterprises, and (3) integrating Islamic values into business practices to ensure ethical and sustainable entrepreneurship. Evaluation was conducted using pre- and post-training assessments, observation, and participant feedback. The results indicated that 70% of participants demonstrated a strong understanding of the concept of sociopreneurship after the training. Additionally, 76% successfully integrated Islamic values into their proposed business ideas, while over 60% were able to design simple but feasible social enterprise concepts addressing real social problems. Participants also reported increased awareness, empathy, creativity, and leadership skills as outcomes of the activity. The findings highlight that experiential learning-based sociopreneurship training is an effective method for cultivating youth’s capacity to initiate social change through entrepreneurial action. This program not only enhanced students’ knowledge and skills but also inspired them to become agents of positive transformation in their communities. It is recommended that schools establish follow-up initiatives, such as sociopreneur clubs, mentoring schemes, and project incubation programs, to ensure the sustainability and further development of students’ social enterprise ideas.

This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to enhance the leadership capacity and organizational management skills of cadres of the Islamic Student Association (HMI) Dumai Branch through the strengthening of Islamic values and the application of modern organizational management principles. The program was implemented as part of the Intermediate Training (Latihan Kader II/LK 2), which serves as a strategic forum for developing future organizational leaders. The activities were conducted using a combination of lectures, interactive discussions, case-based learning, and leadership simulations designed to encourage critical thinking and active participation. A participatory approach was employed to ensure that participants were directly involved in the learning process and could relate the material to real organizational challenges. The results of the program indicate a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of transformational leadership, collective–collegial leadership, and effective organizational planning and management skills. In addition, the program increased participants’ awareness of the importance of integrating Islamic values as an ethical and moral foundation in student organizational leadership practices. Overall, this PKM contributes to the development of qualified HMI cadres who possess integrity, adaptability, strong leadership competence, and a sustained commitment to community service and organizational development.

Entrepreneurship training is a key strategy for empowering village economies, especially among youth from Karang Taruna and PKK members. In Kaladawa Village, local potential such as agriculture and handicrafts has not been fully utilized due to limited entrepreneurial knowledge and exposure. This program aims to enhance participants' entrepreneurial competencies through practical-based training methods, including interactive lectures, group discussions, and business simulations. A participatory approach was implemented to help participants identify local potentials, develop business ideas, and formulate digital-based marketing strategies. The results of the training indicate a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of entrepreneurship, as reflected in the emergence of innovative business plans focused on local and digital products. Pre- and post-training evaluations showed increased motivation, creativity, and readiness among participants to initiate independent ventures. The training also fostered a sustainable entrepreneurial spirit by covering essential topics such as financial management, digital transformation, and business networking. Participants acknowledged that direct experiences and intensive mentoring during the sessions played a crucial role in building their confidence and competitiveness. However, for long-term success, continuous mentoring and institutional support are required, along with strategic collaboration between stakeholders such as village governments, local MSMEs, and higher education institutions. Thus, this program not only contributes to improving technical and entrepreneurial skills but also plays a pivotal role in developing a self-reliant and sustainable rural entrepreneurial ecosystem. The integration of similar training into broader community empowerment programs is recommended to ensure lasting impact, inclusive access, resilience, innovation, adaptability, creativity, empowerment, collaboration, leadership, and meaningful local economic development.

This community service activity aims to introduce financial literacy from an early age to children in Siantar Narumonda Village through an interactive and educational tutoring program. Financial literacy is an important skill that must be instilled from an early age so that children are able to manage their finances wisely in the future. This activity uses a qualitative descriptive approach to describe the execution process systematically. The program was implemented by students of the Tarutung State Christian Institute as part of the Community Service and Service Lecture (KPPM), targeting 35 children aged 1–12 years. The program was implemented for one month and two weeks, three times a week. The material presented was in five main topics: the importance of financial literacy, tips for managing finances, saving, getting to know money and how to manage it, and getting to know banks and financial institutions. The delivery of the material was carried out through fun methods such as games, simulations, short stories, and group discussions. Evaluation was carried out through participant observation, question and answer sessions, and visual documentation. The results of the activity showed that the children experienced an increase in understanding of the basic concepts of financial literacy and began to apply positive habits in managing finances. This activity is also a means of meaningful learning for implementing students. With an interesting and structured approach, this activity provides significant educational and social impacts. Early financial literacy has proven effective in forming a generation that is financially intelligent and responsible in managing economic resources.

This research is motivated by the fact that students at SMP Negeri Buti show varying levels of learning interest, with some having high interest and others low. Interviews with the mathematics teacher revealed that overall student interest is low, especially among male students who tend to be disruptive during lessons. Therefore, the researcher aimed to explore students' interest in learning mathematics through game simulation-based learning, viewed from a gender perspective. This descriptive qualitative study involved 30 eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri Buti as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that most students did not pay attention to the teacher’s explanations, and there were gender-based differences in learning interest among seventh-grade students, with male students showing higher interest than female students. It was concluded that overall, the eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri Buti demonstrated a very low level of learning interest. owever, after the implementation of the simulation game, there was a significant increase in interest in learning.  

In many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, nodes are randomly deployed and self-organize into a wireless network to perform tasks. In practice, recharging the batteries of network nodes after deployment is often difficult. Network nodes often operate autonomously, so the main focus is on increasing the node lifetime. Data redundancy is another limitation that makes nodes inefficient. In most cases, densely deployed nodes in a monitoring area will have redundant data from neighboring nodes. Therefore, we propose a clustering technique to select the Cluster Head (CH) node in small-scale WSNs. Since transmission consumes more energy than data collection, this protocol enables reactive routing, where transmission occurs only when a certain threshold is reached. In addition, based on their heterogeneous energy levels, nodes can be grouped into three categories: Normal, Intermediate, and Advanced. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show that, after approximately 3000 rounds, the proposed method successfully transmitted about 3.1 × 104 packets to the base station, compared to 2.3 × 104 packets for the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. In addition, the time when the last node died was approximately 3,500 rounds, whereas the LEACH protocol only maintained about 1,500 rounds. The results have shown the effectiveness of this technique in reducing the dead node rate and increasing packet transmission efficiency.

Penelitian ini menyoroti tingginya angka kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular di Indonesia, terutama karena henti jantung mendadak yang sering terjadi di luar rumah sakit dan minimnya pertolongan pertama yang tepat. Dengan melibatkan 30 siswa kelas X MA Sunan Pandanaran Yogyakarta sebagai sampel, penelitian pre-eksperimental ini menggunakan desain one group pretest-posttest untuk menilai pengaruh simulasi Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) terhadap sikap kesiapsiagaan siswa. Setelah diberikan edukasi dan praktik simulasi BHD selama 30 menit, hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan sikap kesiapsiagaan siswa dari kategori “cukup” menjadi “baik”, dengan uji Wilcoxon menghasilkan nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah simulasi BHD efektif meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan siswa dalam menghadapi situasi darurat medis, sehingga disarankan agar metode ini diintegrasikan ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan kesehatan di sekolah menengah dan diperluas ke kelompok remaja di berbagai institusi pendidikan.

Disaster preparedness in special schools (SLB) is crucial to protect students with special needs. The purpose of this community service is to improve the knowledge and preparedness of SLB/C Amal Mulia Jakarta Selatan students in dealing with earthquake disasters. The method used is a participatory approach involving students, teachers, and school staff in counseling, creating instructional media in the form of evacuation route maps with bright colors, and conducting evacuation simulations. The results showed significant improvements in students' knowledge. On the Earthquake Definition parameter, there was an 800% increase, while the "Impact of Earthquakes" increased by 166%. Significant increases were also recorded on knowledge about types of disasters (28.57%) and correct evacuation procedures, with an increase of 1700%. The use of instructional media in the form of brightly colored evacuation route posters proved effective in helping students understand the evacuation routes. Overall, this activity successfully improved disaster preparedness at SLB Amal Mulia, preparing students to respond to emergencies with greater readiness and safety.

The increasing number of devices connected to the network and the rapid growth of data traffic have posed challenges in managing conventional networks. Traditional networks often experience inefficiencies in handling high traffic loads due to static traffic management, leading to congestion in some network paths while others remain underutilized. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as an innovative solution by separating the control plane and data plane, enabling more flexible, centralized, and programmable network management. This study evaluates the performance of OpenFlow-based SDN using the ONOS Controller and compares it with conventional home Wi-Fi networks based on the TIPHON standard. The simulation was conducted using Virtual Machines (VMWare) and Mininet, which were connected to the ONOS Controller via the OpenFlow protocol, while the conventional network testing was performed using the Command Prompt. The testing included three data transmission scenarios: 1 host to 1 host, 2 hosts to 1 host, and 2 hosts to 2 hosts simultaneously, with measured parameters including delay and packet loss. The results indicate that in the 1 host to 1 host scenario, both SDN and conventional networks had a delay of less than 150 ms and 0% packet loss. However, in the 2 hosts to 2 hosts scenario, the conventional network experienced an increase in delay and packet loss of up to 17%, whereas SDN remained stable with a delay below 150 ms and 0% packet loss. This confirms SDN's superior efficiency in handling high network traffic through more dynamic traffic distribution. Additionally, this study confirms that SDN's centralized control allows for more adaptive traffic management, reduces congestion, and improves overall network stability. These research demonstrate SDN's efficiency in handling high traffic loads, making it a superior solution for modern network demands.

Tui na massage is one of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be done to overcome picky eaters in toddlers. Tui na massage therapy aims to improve digestion and blood circulation in the spleen. This counseling method is carried out directly with interactive lectures and discussions as well as tui na massage simulations. Discussions are carried out using the Q&A method related to the material. Tui na massage is carried out using techniques such as massaging (Petrissage or Nie), tapping (Tapotement or Da), gliding (Effleurage or Tui), friction, rotating, and vibrating certain points so that they will affect the body's energy. This therapy is carried out once a day for 6 consecutive days. The results of the activity showed that after this activity most mothers had good knowledge about picky eaters and tui na massage. This counseling activity has been achieved by increasing insight in mothers of toddlers.

This study aims to identify evidence of Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Spoofing attacks in the form of the attacker's and victim's Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, as well as the time of the attack. With the increasing use of computer networks, ARP Spoofing attacks have become a serious threat that can lead to data theft, communication interception, and service disruption. ARP Spoofing can serve as a means to launch more complex attacks, such as Denial of Service (DoS) and Man in the Middle (MITM), which can cripple network systems and steal sensitive information. This study utilizes the Wireshark tool to monitor network traffic, specifically ARP, and applies the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) method as a framework for forensic investigation. The NIJ method was chosen because it provides a systematic approach to identifying, collecting, analyzing, and reporting digital evidence, enabling enhanced attack mitigation and supporting legal aspects in network security investigations. The specific approaches used in this forensic analysis include log analysis, packet capture and analysis using Wireshark, and traffic correlation to identify attack patterns based on time and involved devices. The attack simulation was conducted on Personal Computer (PC) 1 and a routerboard, where communication between these two devices was redirected through the attacker. Based on the test results, it was found that every device in the network experienced ARP Spoofing attacks, which could be detected and analyzed using the NIJ method. The contribution of this study is to provide a more systematic approach to forensic network investigations using the NIJ method, which not only aids in attack detection but also establishes a strong foundation for mitigation actions and legal enforcement in computer network security.

This study aims to develop and modify learning media in the form of a motorcycle headlight electrical trainer to improve the effectiveness of learning for students at State Vocational High School (SMK) 4 Lhokseumawe. Conventional learning media are often less able to provide a real picture of the electrical system of motor vehicles, so it is necessary to develop more representative and interactive aids. The method used in this study is the research and development (R&D) method with the Borg and Gall model. The results of the modification include the addition of visual indicators (LED lights), more systematic wiring, and an electric current disturbance simulation panel. The feasibility test was carried out by media experts, material experts, and limited field trials on vocational high school students. The evaluation results showed that the modified trainer was very suitable for use as a learning medium, in terms of clarity of function, ease of use, and visual appeal. The use of this trainer was able to significantly improve students' understanding of the motorcycle headlight electrical system. .  

This study aims to explore consumer perceptions regarding transaction security on digital marketplaces and to evaluate the impact of community-based educational interventions. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, involving in-depth interviews with ten active marketplace users in Tasikmalaya City. The findings revealed that consumers’ sense of security is shaped by personal experience, understanding of platform security features, and digital literacy. Prior to the intervention, most participants expressed high concern over data breaches and fraud, often opting for cash-on-delivery (COD) as a form of protection. Following a series of community education sessions—comprised of discussions and safe transaction simulations—significant changes were observed in consumer attitudes and behavior. Participants became more aware of the importance of verifying sellers, reading reviews, and using secure payment methods. The study concludes that localized community education effectively enhances awareness and trust among consumers, especially in areas where digital literacy remains limited.