Publication Search

72,574 articles from 669 journals · 2,111 citations tracked

Showing 381-400 of 2,766

Analytics

Yopita Yonanda; Isnaniah Isnaniah; M. Imamuddin; Arifmiboy Arifmiboy

Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Pendidikan 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This research was motivated by the lack of teaching materials that align with the characteristics and needs of students. One of the main issues identified is the use of learning modules that are not yet adapted to local culture and fail to provide meaningful learning experiences. To address this problem, the researcher developed a culturally based module inspired by Minangkabau songket. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) design following the development stages proposed by Sugiyono. The results show that the developed module achieved a validity level of 82.58% (categorized as very valid), a practicality level of 87.6% (very practical), and an effectiveness level of 83.3% (very effective). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the ethnomathematics-based module on Minangkabau songket for Phase F of the Health Department at SMAN 1 Lareh Sago Halaban in the 2023/2024 academic year meets the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. Therefore, it is considered suitable for use as a culturally contextual teaching material that integrates local values into the learning process.

Mentari Mentari; Gusneli Gusneli; Amrizal Amrizal

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Indonesia

This study aims to formulate strategies for developing Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) through the utilization of natural resources in the durian plantation sector in Dahai Village, Paringin District, Balangan Regency. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving village officials, BUMDes managers, village facilitators, and community members as informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis, and then analyzed thematically using descriptive methods. The findings indicate that BUMDes Dahai Maju Berkarya holds strategic potential in developing durian plantations, with positive feasibility projections in market, technical, managerial, and financial aspects. Furthermore, the mentoring process improved human resource capacity and community participation, although challenges remain in terms of capital, technical expertise, and digital marketing needs. The study concludes that durian plantation development through BUMDes is feasible and can enhance community welfare while strengthening local economic independence. Practical implications highlight the need for financial support and external partnerships, while theoretical contributions enrich the literature on village development based on local potential with a focus on specific commodities.

Enjel Muti Sitompul; Suci Pujiastuti

Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Bahasa dan Pendidikan 2025 Asosiasi Periset Bahasa Sastra Indonesia

This study aims to develop an interactive learning medium on the Gimkit platform with the topic of modal verbs at the A1 level. The research method applies a qualitative approach using the model of Richey & Klein (2017), which consists of three stages: (1) planning, (2) development, and (3) evaluation. The data source of this study is the book Grammatik aktiv A1–B1 by Friederike Jin and Ute Voß (2014), Chapter 5, pages 16–18, focusing on the topics: (1) conjugation of modal verbs in the present tense, (2) conjugation of modal verbs in the past tense, and (3) comparison of modal verbs in the present and past tenses. The learning medium was validated by a material expert with a score of 95 and by a media expert with a score of 90; both results fall into the category “very good.” Based on these results, the Gimkit learning medium on the topic of modal verbs is considered suitable and effective for teaching German at the A1 level in senior high schools, both for independent learning and for classroom instruction.

Rendy Gultom; Nana Dyki Dirbawanto; Onan Marakali Siregar

Jurnal Manajemen Kreatif dan Inovasi 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Tourism development plays a vital role in attracting visitors, while destination branding contributes to shaping a positive image and a strong identity for the destination. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the hotel owner, manager, and staff. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of tourism development and destination branding on the occupancy rate at Raja Hotel Samosir Parbaba. The findings reveal that tourism development around Parbaba White Sand Beach has positively contributed to increasing hotel occupancy, particularly through infrastructure improvements and enhancement of local attractions. Meanwhile, the hotel's branding strategies—highlighting Batak local culture, digital promotion, and local wisdom-based guest experiences—have successfully created a unique appeal for tourists. The synergy between tourism development and branding has proven effective in boosting occupancy rates, especially during holiday seasons and local events. This study concludes that integrated tourism development and destination branding not only increase the number of visitors but also strengthen the hotel's position in the tourism industry. Therefore, sustainable tourism development and appropriate branding strategies are essential for enhancing the competitiveness of hotels and the broader hospitality sector in tourist destinations.

Dwi Rizky Cahyani; Rahman Rahman; Ega Apridian; Arian Syahri; Dwi Rizka Zulkia

Konstruksi: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Perencanaan Tata Ruang dan Teknik Sipil 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the multi-stakeholder perspectives on the development of the Pelawan Forest Biodiversity Park (Taman Kehati Hutan Pelawan) through the healing forest concept as an innovation in sustainable tourism in Central Bangka Regency, Indonesia. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining interviews, observations, and questionnaires involving 45 respondents from local government, tourism managers, communities, and visitors. The findings indicate a high level of understanding and support toward the healing forest concept, with Likert scale scores ranging from 4.1 to 4.4, reflecting strong agreement on the integration of conservation-based and mental-wellness tourism. Environmental comfort and tourist interest in the healing concept emerged as the main factors promoting the site’s development potential. Stakeholder perspectives reveal aligned objectives among the government, community, and tourism actors to establish Pelawan Forest as an environmentally friendly quality tourism destination. This research emphasizes the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration and sustainable governance to ensure tourism development that provides economic benefits while maintaining ecological balance and enhancing visitors’ mental and physical well-being.

Heylen Amildha Yanuarita; Djoko Susanto; Satriyani Cahyo Widayati

Jurnal MIMBAR ADMINISTRASI 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945

The advancement of information and communication technology has significantly transformed library management, shifting from print-based services to digital-based platforms. This transformation requires librarians to move beyond their traditional role as collection managers to become agents of innovation who connect community information needs with technological developments. This study aims to examine the contribution of librarians’ roles in fostering innovation using Soerjono Soekanto’s (2002) role theory, which encompasses three dimensions: normative, ideal, and actual. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that librarians carry out normative roles through compliance with regulations, digitization standards, metadata, and copyright; ideal roles as digital transformation agents, local collection developers, information technology experts, and digital literacy educators; and actual roles through digitization practices, metadata input, user assistance, and SOP-based services. The results demonstrate that librarians play a strategic role in advancing digital collection development, both through professional compliance and through creative and adaptive engagement with technology. Consequently, librarians strengthen regional libraries as centers of literacy, cultural preservation, and trusted information in the digital era. The novelty of this research lies in integrating Soerjono Soekanto’s role theory into the context of digital library transformation, thereby offering a new analytical framework that positions librarians not merely as technical executors but as strategic actors in regional information service innovation.

Youngky Odies S; Moch Haifan F; M Farit Rusdiawan; Adam Hadiansyah; Ribangun Bamban Jakaria

Venus: Jurnal Publikasi Rumpun Ilmu Teknik 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

Employee training and development is an activity that aims to improve employee competence, knowledge and attitudes in achieving achievement. This training is provided to both new employees and existing employees who still need training and retraining. In practice, training is a short-term development process that uses a structured and organized operating system, with the main aim of improving employee performance and opening up career opportunities. Employees need to have sufficient skills and knowledge, and one way to meet these needs is through training programs designed to improve the quality of human resources. In this way, employees can achieve their desires and ultimately get the expected results.  

Ade Sony Noverianto; Suparno Suparno; Indra Kertati

Jurnal Media Administrasi 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the optimization of digital marketing in increasing the competitiveness of Bank Jateng, formulate the main challenges in the implementation of digital-based public service innovations, and develop an integration strategy between digital marketing and public service innovation to strengthen the role of Bank Jateng in regional economic development. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews with 11 informants and distribution of questionnaires to 96 respondents. The results of the study show that digital marketing optimization is able to increase competitiveness through integrated strategies between divisions, increasing content creativity, and strengthening analytics systems for performance evaluation. However, the main challenges faced include the digital capability gap and the need to improve the quality of responsive services. The implementation of digital innovation is multidimensional, including internal coordination that is not optimal, limited product diversification, digital service gaps, and data management that has not been integrated. The strategy of integrating digital marketing and public services requires a holistic approach through organizational capacity building, financial performance optimization, market reach expansion, and continuous innovation. Collaboration between divisions and strong leadership is key in supporting financial inclusion and regional economic growth. This research provides strategic recommendations for Bank Jateng in facing the increasingly dynamic competition of the banking industry in the digital era.

Pipit Miranti, Indira; Melati, Putri; Saputra, Aji; Fajriatul, Ficki; Diyanatur, Asa +4 more

jurnal ABDIMAS Indonesia 2025 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

Kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan salah satu implementasi Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang berorientasi pada pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program KKN INSANI (Inovasi dan Solusi untuk Pembangunan Masyarakat) di Desa Papringan, Banyumas. Program difokuskan pada empat bidang utama, yaitu sosial, ekonomi, kesehatan, dan teknologi informasi. Metode yang digunakan mencakup observasi lapangan, diskusi bersama komunitas, pelaksanaan program, serta evaluasi hasil kegiatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan masyarakat dan penguatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, terutama dalam mengoptimalkan potensi desa melalui kegiatan edukasi, pelatihan, dan inovasi berbasis lokal. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa program KKN INSANI tidak hanya memberikan manfaat langsung bagi masyarakat, tetapi juga menjadi media pembelajaran kolaboratif bagi mahasiswa dalam mengasah kemampuan komunikasi, problem solving, dan kepemimpinan sosial. Dengan demikian, program ini berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan desa yang berkelanjutan sekaligus memperkuat peran perguruan tinggi dalam pembangunan masyarakat.

Santoso, Windu; Sudarsih, Sri; Hafidh Taqiuddin, Muhammad; Nurul Fadhilah, Khoirunnisa

jurnal ABDIMAS Indonesia 2025 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

Pemimpin yang efektif diperlukan untuk mengembangkan strategi dan struktur yang baik dan menarik karyawan, menginspirasi dan mendukung staf yang berpengalaman, menghargai komitmen mereka, dan meminimalkan turnover intention. Turnover intention mengacu pada kecenderungan atau rencana untuk berhenti dari pekerjaan di tempat kerja. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendidikan tentang gaya kepemimpinan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi turnover intention. Kegiatan pendidikan dilakukan dengan menerapkan empat tahap termasuk tahap I perencanaan dan pemilihan strategi, tahap II pemilihan saluran dan materi, tahap III pengembangan materi, tahap IV penerapan, tahap V meninjau efektivitas, tahap VI umpan balik untuk evaluasi. menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pengetahuan kepala ruangan setelah diberikan pendidikan tentang gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berada pada kategori tinggi, yaitu 12 responden (85,8%). Kepemimpinan transformasional telah menjadi gaya kepemimpinan yang dominan dipraktikkan oleh para pemimpin di banyak industri dan disiplin ilmu, termasuk dalam keperawatan oleh kepala ruangan

Faiz Wahyu Perdana Rangkuti; Muhammad Alda

Teknik: Jurnal Ilmu Teknik dan Informatika 2025 LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi - Studi Ekonomi Modern

This research stems from the problem of manual book lending management in libraries, which often leads to obstacles such as delays in recording, data errors, and difficulties in monitoring collections. The main objective of this research is to design and develop a web-based library information system that can facilitate member data management, borrowing, and returning, as well as providing real-time book availability information. The method used is software development with a structured approach, through the stages of needs analysis, design, implementation, and testing with black box testing. The results of the study indicate that the system built is able to meet user needs, as evidenced by the successful testing that carried out all main functions without errors. The implications of this research are increased efficiency in library management and ease for students in borrowing and checking book availability. However, this research still has limitations in advanced features such as integration with the attendance system or automatic fine payments, so that these can be developed in future research.

Okta Firnando; M. Iskandar; Siti Zumrotus Saadah

Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Transformasi Kesejahteraan 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

The development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is an essential strategy to improve the welfare of rural communities. Kalicinta Village has local potential in the form of the traditional food cilok, which can be developed into a productive and competitive business. This community engagement aims to analyze the role of cilok MSMEs in enhancing community welfare, identify challenges, and formulate strengthening strategies based on local potential. The method employed was Participatory Action Research (PAR), involving the community actively in problem identification, action planning, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions. The results show that cilok MSMEs contribute to increasing household income, absorbing local labor, and empowering women, while also strengthening social cohesion through values of togetherness. The main challenges include limited capital, market access, digital literacy, and managerial capacity. Interventions such as training, product innovation, digital marketing, and government support effectively enhance competitiveness. Through a participatory approach, cilok MSMEs have the potential to become a pillar of the village economy and a sustainable model of local empowerment.

Fransiska Rambe; Robert Juni Tua Sitio; Rusmauli Simbolon; Yulia K S Sitepu; Tio R J Nadeak

Jurnal Manajemen Pariwisata dan Perhotelan 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This research aims to determine the strategy for developing the Aek Parsariran bathing tourist attraction and the supporting and inhibiting factors for developing the Aek Parsariran bathing tourist attraction. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach and data collection techniques through observation, documentation and interviews with eleven informants. The results of this research describe that the government has a strategy in developing the Aek Parsariran Baths tourist attraction through four main programs, namely: Completing Attractions, Improving Facilities, Creating Prohibition Holes, Providing Services.

Afif Lukmanul Hakim; Hendra Pradibta

Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

PT Intelix, a technology and information company with numerous collaborative projects, faces challenges in effective project management and monitoring. Despite utilizing project management applications like Jira, the generation of final reports often remains a manual process using Microsoft Excel, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. To address these issues, PT Intelix developed an internal Project Management application, yet it required further enhancements in its dashboard and reporting features for more detailed project monitoring optimization. This research aims to develop the Dashboard menu by adding a priority project table and several sub-menus in the Report menu to accelerate and simplify the preparation of final project reports. The development methodology employed is Agile Kanban, encompassing planning, system and interface design, incremental development and implementation, and testing. System functionality testing was conducted using Black Box Testing and User Acceptance Test (UAT) involving the project owner and end-users from PT Intelix. Test results showed all main functions running smoothly and stably, with all black box scenarios passing. UAT testing on six menus received a "very good" response from the project owner and users. The SUS evaluation of three users scored a 5 on the scale, with several scoring a 4, indicating a good system. Performance testing with 10 simultaneous users also demonstrated stable traffic and no errors.. The development of High Priority Project, Milestone Project, and Implementation Project features on the Dashboard successfully presented more detailed project information, while the addition of sub-menus in the Report accelerated report generation. Thus, this development successfully optimized integrated project monitoring and reporting at PT Intelix, reducing manual effort and enhancing data accuracy for decision-making.

Nike Widia Purnama Telaumbanua; Tio R.J.Nadeak; Harisan Boni Firmando; Mery Silalahi; Jupalman Welly Simbolon

Jurnal Manajemen Pariwisata dan Perhotelan 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

The Salib Kasih tourist attraction is one of the leading potential tourist attractions in North Tapanuli district which offers spiritual tourism as well as natural and cultural panoramas. The purpose of this research is to determine the Development Strategy for the Salib Kasih tourist attraction. Salib Kasih is a tourist attraction created to commemorate the services of Christian missionary from Germany Ingwer Ludwig Nommensen who began his mission in Batak Land and is where Ingwer Ludwig Nommensen looked towards Rura Silindung below. This research uses qualitative research methods, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation of several informants, namely the Tourism and Tourism Office and tourism business actors. Through the results of research conducted by the author, the development strategy for the Salib Kasih tourist attraction carried out by the Tourism Office is to improve facilities, add facilities, collaborate with other agencies and carry out promotions to increase the attractiveness of the Salib Kasih tourist attraction.  

Alina Nujum; Marthen R. Pellokilla; Novi Theresia Kiak

Jurnal Manajemen Pariwisata dan Perhotelan 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This study aims to analyze the role of Penta-Helix stakeholders in developing tourism potential in Kupang City. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a qualitative approach. The focus of this research is to observe and find out how the application of the Penta-Helix model in the development of tourism potential in Kupang City, using data collection techniques in the form of Interviews, Questionnaires and Documentation analyzed using Analytichal Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis techniques. The results of this study show that the Penta-Helix Collaboration in developing the tourism potential of Kupang City has been implemented, but the results to advance tourism in Kupang City are still not optimal. This is due to the lack of awareness from the public and also coordination from the government in maintaining the safety and cleanliness of tourism places is lacking. Factors that become the scale of importance to the application of the Penta-Helix model of tourism in Kupang City based on the level of priority are aspects of government, private sector, society, media, and academia. For the government aspect, the indicator with the greatest weight is the construction of tourism facilities. For the private sector, the priority indicator is the improvement of service services. In the community aspect, the most priority indicator is the indicator of cleanliness of the tourist environment. For the media aspect, the priority indicator is tourism propotion. For the academic aspect, the indicator with the greatest weight is the development of research contribution facilities.

Ifo Siska Sigalingging; Elvri Teresia Simbolon; David Fero; Mery Silalahi; Liyus Waruwu

Gemawisata: Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata 2025 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Pariwisata Indonesia

This study aims to determine the strategy of the Tourism Office in developing the Pandaratan Beach tourist destination, Sarudik District, Central Tapanuli Regency. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through direct field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation of a number of informants deemed relevant, namely the Tourism Office, Pokdarwis, the community as managers, business actors, and tourists. The results show that the Tourism Office's strategy in developing Pandaratan Beach has been formulated based on the Central Tapanuli Regency Tourism Office's strategic plan (Renstra). This strategy focuses on equitable distribution of development infrastructure with a superior commodity-based approach, which aims to support tourist attractions and increase the contribution of the tourism sector to regional development. The strategy implementation is realized through various programs, including proposing basic infrastructure development, human resource development through training, destination promotion through social media, development of natural tourism products, and the formation and empowerment of tourism awareness groups (Pokdarwis) as drivers of tourism awareness campaigns. The implications of this study indicate that the development of Pandaratan Beach has not been fully optimal and still faces several obstacles, such as limited supporting facilities, less than optimal tourism services, and uneven community participation, so that the impact on the quality of tourism services, increasing community participation, and the sustainability of the destination still needs to be strengthened. Therefore, a comprehensive and sustainable strengthening of the strategy is needed through cooperation from related parties so that the Pandaratan Beach tourist destination can develop more optimally based on superior commodities.

Leni Rohida; Siti Khumayah; Hagies Ferdiansyah Akbar

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

To respond to the challenges and needs of contemporary society, the public sector must rapidly adapt to digital transformation. The objective of this research is to examine relevant and adaptive human resource development strategies for the digital ecosystem and to evaluate how they impact the quality of public services in the era of technological disruption. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review and policy analysis. It analyzes best practices from government institutions, both national and international, in developing human resources oriented towards the digital era. Key findings indicate that optimizing human resources requires not only improving technological capabilities or digital expertise; it also requires reconstructing leadership paradigms, flexible organizational cultures, and implementing meritocratic systems and data-driven performance management. It is evident that technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT) can help improve public services, but the success of these technologies depends heavily on the capabilities and readiness of the employees who manage these systems. An integrated digital talent ecosystem must be built, encompassing continuous training (learning for life), collaboration between government, academia, and business (the triple helix model), and a regulatory framework responsive to technological developments. Furthermore, it is emphasized that developing digital integrity and ethics is crucial as a pillar of good governance in the digital era. Optimizing human resource development strategies systematically and sustainably will enable Indonesia to improve the efficiency of public services and strengthen the competitiveness of its bureaucracy globally. By 2045, adaptable, innovative, and highly integrated human resources will be the primary drivers of a digital government transformation that is inclusive, responsive, and future-oriented.

Fahmi, Maulana Habib; Nugroho, Marno

Jurnal Ilmiah Serat Acitya 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi promosi yang diterapkan oleh Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam meningkatkan kepeminatan investasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus, menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, serta analisis data model Miles & Huberman. Untuk memperkuat temuan, digunakan kombinasi analisis SWOT dan model AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi promosi DPMPTSP berada dalam posisi strategi agresif (kuadran I SWOT) dengan pendekatan pertumbuhan selektif. Meskipun telah memanfaatkan media digital, infrastruktur, dan kemitraan strategis, terdapat sejumlah kelemahan seperti keterbatasan data lahan, rendahnya visualisasi konten promosi, serta kurangnya evaluasi efektivitas media. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan sistem informasi promosi berbasis data real-time, pengembangan konten multibahasa, serta sinergi lintas lembaga untuk meningkatkan daya saing investasi Jawa Tengah.

Diki Ramadhani; M. Denny Kurnia Putra; M. Andi Abdulrozzaq; Jon Bon Jopi; Arum Puspitasari

Jurnal Pariwisata Indonesia 2025 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Tedunan Beach in Seluma Regency, Bengkulu, holds exceptional potential as an ecotourism asset, attributed to its authentic and untouched natural landscape, featuring white sand stretches and a unique mangrove ecosystem. Sustainable tourism development, however, demands active participation and entrepreneurship from the local community, which is key to ensuring the equitable distribution of economic benefits and environmental preservation. This research aims to analyze the current community entrepreneurship models, identify challenges hindering business growth, and formulate strategic opportunities for development. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through in-depth interviews with business actors and community leaders, participant observation, and documentation studies. Findings indicate that community-based businesses have grown organically, albeit on a micro scale, encompassing fresh seafood culinary stalls, tourist hut rentals, and local guide services. Nevertheless, this growth is hampered by fundamental constraints: limited access to formal working capital, minimal promotion hindering market penetration, and a lack of professional training in financial management and tourism service standards. In response, an integrated development model is formulated recommending: increasing human resource capacity through business management and tourism awareness training, facilitating access to capital through partnerships, and strengthening digital-based promotion. In conclusion, Tedunan Beach tourism can be sustainable if supported by a comprehensive empowerment program that not only boosts economic income but also essentially fosters a sense of ownership and community responsibility towards the destination's preservation.