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This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity, firm size, and capital structure on firm value in the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The background of this research lies in the crucial role of the banking sector in maintaining national economic stability and the need for investors to access financial information that accurately reflects a company’s value. Referring to signaling theory, financial reports are viewed as signals to investors regarding the firm’s prospects and performance. This study employs a quantitative method using secondary data from the annual financial reports of nine banks selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 45 observations. The independent variables include liquidity (Loan to Deposit Ratio), firm size (log of total assets), and capital structure (Debt to Equity Ratio), while the dependent variable is firm value measured by the Price to Book Value (PBV). Data analysis was conducted using panel data regression with SPSS. The results show that firm size has a significant positive effect on firm value, while liquidity and capital structure have no significant impact. Simultaneously, all three variables significantly affect firm value, with an Adjusted R² of 0.493. These findings highlight that effective asset management and optimal funding policies are key to enhancing the firm value of banking institutions in Indonesia.

The impact of earnings management practices in banking companies is a consideration of the importance of research on earnings management that discusses how to reduce and control aggressiveness and deviations from earnings management so as to maintain the credibility and quality of information presented by financial reports. This article aims to observe and analyze the development of research on the role of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) in reducing discretionary accruals in Islamic banking. This article uses a qualitative approach to literature study by analyzing articles originating from previous research. Based on the results of the analysis of previous articles, a strong argument is provided that the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) plays a significant but complex role in mitigating earnings management practices in Islamic banking. The effectiveness of the SSB's Sharia Supervisory Board, adequate qualifications and expertise (a combination of sharia and financial knowledge) are one of the most consistent determining factors, surpassing mere size or frequency of meetings. There is an academic gap for future research exploring moderating variables, real-world manipulation techniques, and the dynamics of interactions between governance elements within the dual structure that characterizes Islamic banking.

The determination of the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is a crucial element for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), especially in setting competitive prices and achieving the desired profits. However, many MSMEs still face challenges in understanding and applying the appropriate COGS determination methods. This training aims to enhance the capacity of MSMEs in calculating COGS using the Full Costing method through training and mentoring programs. The methodology used includes delivering material, calculation simulations, and evaluating the application of the Full Costing method. The research results indicate an improvement in participants' understanding of cost components as well as their ability to calculate COGS in a more structured and accurate manner. This program has made a positive contribution to the financial management of MSMEs and is expected to serve as a model for capacity development for small business owners in the future.

Earnings management is an action that can affect the quality of a company's financial information. As the highest leader, the CEO plays a critical role in strategic decision-making, including in earnings management practices. This study aims to examine the influence of CEO characteristics—namely age, education level, and tenure—on earnings management in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2023 period. A quantitative approach is employed using secondary data from annual reports of 21 companies, with a total of 99 firm-year observations. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with leverage, profitability, and sales growth as control variables. The results show that CEO age has a negative effect on earnings management, CEO tenure has a positive effect, while CEO education level shows no significant effect. These findings indicate that the personal characteristics of CEOs influence a company’s tendency to engage in earnings management. This study provides insights for investors, management, and regulators to consider CEO attributes when assessing the risk of financial reporting manipulation.

This community service activity aims to empower the Galansia Business Group in Sait Buttu Saribu Village, Pematang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency, which is engaged in the processing of agricultural products and household products. The main problems faced by the partners include limited production capacity, inconsistent product quality, simple business management, and traditional marketing methods. To overcome these problems, the community service team applied a participatory approach by providing appropriate technology, business management assistance, and digital marketing training. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in production capacity, time efficiency, and product quality consistency thanks to the use of onion slicing machines and liquid soap mixing machines. In terms of marketing, the partners successfully utilized social media as a means of promotion and distribution, and improved product packaging to make it more attractive and professional. In terms of management, the partners were able to implement simple digital-based financial records and were facilitated in handling business legality. The impact achieved was an increase in members' income of more than 50% and the growth of entrepreneurial spirit among the village's elderly. This program has proven to be effective in supporting business independence and can be used as a model for community-based MSME empowerment in the digital era.

The main issue addressed in this research concerns the importance of selecting the appropriate funding sources for companies, particularly in the Consumer Cyclicals sector, which requires substantial financing to support operational activities. This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, company growth, and asset structure on debt policy in Consumer Cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period. The study employs purposive sampling, yielding 190 observations from companies that meet the criteria. Multiple linear regression is used as the analytical tool to examine the relationships among the variables. The results indicate that asset structure has a positive and significant effect on corporate debt policy, demonstrating that companies with a stronger asset base tend to adopt higher levels of debt financing. In contrast, profitability and company growth do not show a significant effect on debt policy, suggesting that these financial performance indicators may not be the primary determinants in the capital structure decisions for Consumer Cyclicals firms. These findings highlight the critical role of asset management in debt strategy while emphasizing that profitability and growth alone may not suffice to guide financing choices. Companies should consider the composition of assets carefully when determining their debt policies to optimize financial stability and operational efficiency.

This community service program was implemented to strengthen the capacity of the SIJATI Business Group in managing oyster mushroom cultivation in Sait Buttu Saribu Village, Simalungun Regency. This activity was motivated by the group's great potential in oyster mushroom production, but still faces obstacles in production, marketing, and business management aspects. The method used was a participatory-collaborative approach through stages of socialization, training, mentoring, provision of modern production equipment, strengthening digital marketing, and business management coaching. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in the group's capacity. From a production aspect, the use of a stainless steel steamer machine and modern baglog racks increased time efficiency, saved energy, and doubled production capacity. From a marketing aspect, digital marketing training and collaboration with students as resellers expanded market reach, increased consumer interaction, and drove increased turnover. From a management aspect, digital-based financial records and assistance with business legality strengthened institutions and opened opportunities for access to capital. This program also had a social impact by increasing the economic contribution of housewives who were members of the group, thereby contributing to the welfare of the village community. Overall, strengthening the capacity of the SIJATI group aligns with achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in poverty alleviation, gender equality, and inclusive economic growth. Therefore, this activity can serve as a model for empowering competitive and sustainable local commodity-based MSMEs.

This study examines in depth the risk factors influencing financial statement fraud in the Indonesian banking sector by employing the Fraud Hexagon framework. This framework comprises six core elements—pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance, and collusion—each representing potential drivers of fraudulent behavior. The study also aims to assess whether institutional investor involvement can serve as a moderating factor capable of reducing the likelihood of fraud. The research uses secondary data derived from the annual reports of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2020–2023. Logistic regression analysis is employed to examine the relationships between the Fraud Hexagon variables and financial statement fraud, as well as to test the moderating role of institutional ownership. The findings reveal that, among the six elements of the Fraud Hexagon, only auditor changes (representing rationalization) and political connections (representing collusion) have a significant effect on financial statement fraud. The other elements—pressure, opportunity, capability, and arrogance—do not show a significant impact. Furthermore, institutional investor involvement is found not to moderate the relationship between the Fraud Hexagon elements and financial statement fraud, indicating that external monitoring through institutional ownership remains ineffective in the context of Indonesian banking. These results underscore the importance of closer supervision of rationalization and collusion factors, as well as the need for stronger internal control mechanisms to prevent fraudulent financial reporting. The study’s findings are expected to provide valuable insights for regulators, banking management, and other stakeholders in their efforts to enhance fraud prevention measures in the financial sector.  

Islamic insurance (takaful) is a financial instrument that functions not only as risk protection but also as an investment tool based on sharia principles. So far, the most commonly applied tijarah contracts in Islamic insurance are limited to wakalah bil ujrah and mudharabah. In fact, the development of modern society’s needs requires the diversification of contracts so that the offered products become more varied and competitive. This study aims to analyze the potential optimization of other tijarah contracts, such as musyarakah, murabahah, ijarah, and istishna’, in the development of Islamic insurance products. The research method used is library research with a descriptive qualitative approach, which involves reviewing literature, journals, DSN-MUI fatwas, and related regulations. The findings indicate that the application of other tijarah contracts has the potential to enrich Islamic insurance product variations, enhance transparency in fund management, and strengthen the competitiveness of Islamic insurance compared to conventional insurance. Furthermore, the diversification of contracts can provide solutions to the limited and monotonous business models of Islamic insurance. However, several challenges arise, including the absence of specific regulations governing these contracts, limited public understanding, and technical complexities in implementation. This study recommends the active role of regulators, especially DSN-MUI and OJK, in formulating clearer regulations and encouraging Islamic insurance companies to innovate by applying diverse sharia-based contracts. Thus, the optimization of other tijarah contracts will not only strengthen the existence of Islamic insurance in Indonesia but also fulfill society’s demand for financial products that are halal, innovative, and competitive.

This study aims to analyze the role of company size as a moderator variable in the relationship between profitability and leverage and sales growth in manufacturing companies in the basic industry and chemical sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020–2023 period. The research method used is a quantitative approach with purposive sampling techniques, so that 56 sample data that meet the research criteria are obtained. Data analysis was carried out using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the help of SPSS software version 30. The results show that leverage does not have a significant effect on profitability, while sales growth is proven to have a significant effect on profitability. Furthermore, company size has not been shown to moderate the relationship between leverage and profitability, but it does play a significant role in moderating the relationship between sales growth and profitability. These findings support the Pecking Order theory, which emphasizes that companies with larger sizes tend to have wider access to funding so that they are able to strengthen the influence of sales growth on profitability. This research provides a theoretical contribution in enriching the literature on factors that affect profitability, as well as a practical contribution to company management in formulating more effective financial and growth strategies. Thus, the size of the company proves to be an important factor to consider in the analysis of financial performance, particularly in the context of the relationship between sales growth and profitability.

Hospitals are places that provide health services to the community through the services they offer. In their operations, hospitals require fixed assets to be us|ed ind|epe|nd|ently or i|n co|mbi|nati|on wi|th other assets in the hospital for long-term operations. The fixed assets us|ed by hospitals make a significant contribution because they require large expenditures and are used over the long term. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the application of fixed asset accounting treatment at XYZ Hospital in accordance with PSAK 216. This study adopted a descriptive qualitative methodological approach to achieve the predetermined research objectives. The data collection technique applied was conducting interviews with the asset management department and obtaining accounting treatment documents and a detailed list of fixed assets of XYZ Hospital. The research findings show that the handling of fixed assets and the implementation of PSAK 216 on fixed assets at XYZ Hospital indicate that XYZ Hospital records its fixed assets if they have a useful life of more than one year, measures the initial cost of assets from the acquisition price, revalues assets but there is no method explaining the calculation method, applies the straight-line method for depreciation, discontinues fixed assets if they can no longer be used, and records all these events in its financial statements. It is important to apply PSAK 216 in implementing accounting treatments to minimize and prevent the risk of fixed asset recording errors in financial statements.

The main issue faced by MSME actors is limited capital, which hinders business development and their well-being. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the micro-financing program on improving the well-being of MSME actors, with a case study at the "Maju Makmur" Women’s Cooperative in Minggirsari Village. Using a qualitative approach, the study found that the provision of capital to MSME actors in the cooperative has been well-implemented and has had a positive impact, particularly in increasing income, economic activities, and the ability to meet daily needs. Supporting factors for the success of this program include government funding support, good cooperative management, clear implementation and technical guidelines, and community support. On the other hand, hindering factors include the presence of other financial institutions in the village, causing cooperative members to have savings in other places, as well as bad loans and a lack of socialization regarding the micro-financing program. Overall, the micro-financing program at the "Maju Makmur" Women's Cooperative has significantly benefited the improvement of MSME actors' well-being in Minggirsari Village.

The primary goal of this Community Service Program (PKM) is to assist local farmers in utilizing rabbit urine waste—previously discarded into a value-added product in the form of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This innovation aims not only to enhance technical production skills but also to stimulate local economic growth through entrepreneurship based on local resources. The program involves several strategic steps: designing a simple fermentation device using a 20-liter bucket equipped with an airlock and digital thermometer; providing technical training in the LOF-making process, quality control, and hygiene standards; offering entrepreneurial mentoring in production management, financial recording, branding, and marketing; and developing local distribution networks through farmer groups and agricultural shops. The results show that partners can independently produce consistent-quality LOF, packaged in 600 ml bottles with simple labeling for commercial appeal. The program improves technical and entrepreneurial skills, increases farmers’ income, fosters cooperation, and supports sustainable agriculture through environmentally friendly waste utilization.

The efficiency of investment decisions is one of the core axes in the success of organizations and the sustainability of their business, especially in light of the dynamic and complex business environment. In this context, the integrated role of both accounting and financial management systems is highlighted, as the harmony between them is a key pillar in providing accurate, real-time, and analytical data that supports the investment decision maker and reduces the degree of uncertainty and risks associated with investments. This research aims to analyze the impact of the integration between accounting systems and financial management on the quality and efficiency of investment decisions within institutions, with a focus on the nature of the causal relationship between the two variables. A conceptual model has been built that illustrates the interaction between the financial information generated by the accounting system and the analytical tools provided by the financial department, which contributes to raising the efficiency of strategic decisions related to investment. To achieve the objectives of the study, a descriptive-analytical approach supported by a standard analysis using a simple linear regression model was adopted on field data extracted from an intentional sample of financial officials in the banking and investment sector. The results showed that there is a statistically significant positive effect of the integration of accounting and financial management systems in enhancing the efficiency of investment decisions, as the model showed that integration contributes more than 50% to the explanation of changes in the quality of investment decisions. The study reached a number of important findings, the most prominent of which is that the lack of integration or poor coordination between accounting and financial management leads to delays in decisions or making them based on incomplete or contradictory information. Effective integration enables organizations to allocate resources more efficiently and evaluate investment alternatives in a thoughtful manner. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, most notably the need to develop the digital infrastructure of accounting and financial systems, adopt a unified system for data exchange, enhance the culture of teamwork between accounting and financial management units, in addition to activating the use of predictive financial analysis techniques to raise the level of accuracy in investment decisions.

The purpose of this research is to examine how Medan State University students' financial management is affected by the widespread practice of online gambling.  The increasingly accessible online gambling phenomena has led to a number of issues, particularly with regard to the personal financial situation of students.  60 students were chosen as a sample for this study, which used a quantitative approach with a survey methodology.  With the use of SPSS 25 software and basic linear regression, data analysis was completed. The purpose of this research is to examine how Medan State University students' financial management is affected by the widespread practice of online gambling.  The increasingly accessible online gambling phenomena has led to a number of issues, particularly with regard to the personal financial situation of students.  60 students were chosen as a sample for this study, which used a quantitative approach with a survey methodology.  With the use of SPSS 25 software and basic linear regression, data analysis was completed.

This study aims to analyze the differences in financial performance between PT Ciputra Development Tbk (CTRA) and PT Pakuwon Jati Tbk (PWON) during 2019–2023 based on liquidity, profitability, solvency, and dividend policy ratios. A quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative method was employed. The study utilized secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of both companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Financial ratios were analyzed, including the Current Ratio (CR), Return on Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). Data normality and homogeneity tests were conducted, followed by Independent Sample t-Test and Mann–Whitney U test using SPSS version 26 to identify statistical differences. The results indicate no significant differences between CTRA and PWON in CR, ROA, and DPR, but a significant difference in DER, where CTRA shows higher leverage compared to PWON. These findings suggest that the key distinction between the two companies lies in their capital structure rather than profitability or dividend policy, reflecting different financial management strategies within Indonesia’s property sector.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work ethic, work spirit, and physical work environment on employee performance at the Regional Revenue, Financial, and Asset Management Agency (BPPKAD) of Kediri City. This research employed an associative quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The population consisted of 215 employees, and a purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted through classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 26. The results indicate that work ethic, work spirit, and physical work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.693 shows that 69.3% of employee performance variation can be explained by the three independent variables. Therefore, improving employee performance at BPPKAD Kediri City can be achieved by strengthening work ethics, increasing work spirit, and creating a comfortable and productive physical work environment.

This research aims to analyze the optimization of digital marketing in increasing the competitiveness of Bank Jateng, formulate the main challenges in the implementation of digital-based public service innovations, and develop an integration strategy between digital marketing and public service innovation to strengthen the role of Bank Jateng in regional economic development. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews with 11 informants and distribution of questionnaires to 96 respondents. The results of the study show that digital marketing optimization is able to increase competitiveness through integrated strategies between divisions, increasing content creativity, and strengthening analytics systems for performance evaluation. However, the main challenges faced include the digital capability gap and the need to improve the quality of responsive services. The implementation of digital innovation is multidimensional, including internal coordination that is not optimal, limited product diversification, digital service gaps, and data management that has not been integrated. The strategy of integrating digital marketing and public services requires a holistic approach through organizational capacity building, financial performance optimization, market reach expansion, and continuous innovation. Collaboration between divisions and strong leadership is key in supporting financial inclusion and regional economic growth. This research provides strategic recommendations for Bank Jateng in facing the increasingly dynamic competition of the banking industry in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the effect of physical work environment, work motivation, and teamwork on employee performance at PT Adira Dinamika Multi Finance Tbk. The research employed a quantitative approach with a survey method involving all 51 employees as the total sample using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire developed from the theories of Herzberg, Luthans, and Tuckman. Validity and reliability tests were conducted to ensure instrument quality, while data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 26. Classical assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation, were performed to verify the model’s adequacy. The results indicate that the physical work environment, work motivation, and teamwork have positive and significant effects on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. Among these variables, work motivation exerts the strongest influence on performance improvement. Overall, the three independent variables explain 84.2% of the variation in employee performance, while the remaining 15.8% is explained by other factors not included in the model. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening employee motivation, improving workplace conditions, and fostering a collaborative work culture to enhance human resource management effectiveness in the financial service industry.

The development of information technology has encouraged business actors, including small enterprises in the food and beverage sector, to adopt Accounting Information Systems (AIS) to support financial and operational management. Selesa Coffee & Eatery, as a small enterprise, has implemented ESB POS (Esensi Solusi Buana Point of Sales) to facilitate transaction recording and financial report management. This study aims to analyze the impact of implementing an ESB POS–based AIS on individual performance, organizational performance, and net benefits using the DeLone & McLean (2003) model framework. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data were collected through interviews with managers and accounting staff, direct observation of the café’s operational activities, and documentation of system-generated financial reports. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles & Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, along with triangulation to validate the findings. The results show that the implementation of ESB POS enhances individual performance by simplifying record-keeping, accelerating reporting, and reducing manual errors. At the organizational level, the system supports operational efficiency, transparency, and work coordination. In terms of net benefits, the system contributes to improved data accuracy, time efficiency, and provides support for evaluation and strategic decision-making. This study concludes that the implementation of an ESB POS–based AIS significantly contributes to the sustainability of small enterprises.