Publication Search

Giving breast milk (ASI) exclusively during the first six months of a baby's life is very important in supporting the baby's growth and development and body resilience. However, the practice of giving formula milk is still quite high and is a challenge in fulfilling exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to determine the determining factors for giving formula milk to babies aged 0-6 months in the work environment UPT Primary Health Care Pujon. This research design uses a descriptive analytical approach with a cross-sectional method to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding. The research population was all mothers who had babies with a sample of 52 respondents obtained through total sampling. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test and logistic regression to determine the most dominant factors. The research results showed that all variables had a p value > 0.05, namely age (p=0.274), education (p=0.156), occupation (p=0.384), parity (p=0.280) and socio-culture (p=0.711), so there was no significant relationship between these variables and exclusive breastfeeding. The logistic regression model was also not significant (p=0.308), indicating that there were no dominant factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among respondents. Thus, the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in this study may be influenced by other factors outside the variables studied.

This research focuses on analyzing the impact of fundamental financial ratios on stock prices in the banking sector, specifically examining PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. The key financial ratios investigated include Return On Assets (ROA), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and the ratio of Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO). The study employs a quantitative descriptive research method, utilizing secondary data sourced from annual reports spanning the period from 2014 to 2023. Multiple linear regression analysis is utilized as the primary analytical tool to address the research questions and hypotheses. The findings of the study reveal that the independent variables—ROA, LDR, NPL, and BOPO—significantly influence stock prices, both in isolation and collectively. This indicates that these financial ratios are critical indicators for investors and stakeholders when evaluating the performance and market value of banking institutions. The research highlights the importance of these financial metrics in shaping market perceptions and stock valuations, providing valuable insights for investors, financial analysts, and decision-makers in the banking industry. Furthermore, the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding the relationship between financial performance indicators and stock market behavior. By emphasizing the correlation between these ratios and stock prices, the research underscores the necessity for stakeholders to monitor and analyze these key financial metrics to make informed investment decisions. Overall, the results affirm the relevance of fundamental financial ratios in assessing the financial health and competitive positioning of banks, particularly in the context of PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. This analysis not only enriches the literature on banking finance but also serves as a practical guide for stakeholders aiming to optimize their investment strategies based on financial performance indicators.

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are known to contain flavonoids that function as natural antioxidants, playing an important role in preventing the oxidation of body cells and maintaining health. However, the results of observations and interviews show that the people of Baet Village still do not understand the health benefits of moringa leaves and how they are processed into food with nutritional value. This community service activity aims to increase public understanding of the health benefits of moringa leaves and skills in processing them into food, vegetables, and various cakes. Partners in this activity are the Kaju Health Center and the people of Baet Village, with a total of 15 participants. The methods used include counseling on the nutritional content and benefits of moringa leaves, as well as the direct practice of processing moringa leaves into food products such as sponge cakes and puddings. The results of the activities showed success which was marked by the enthusiasm and active participation of the community in the evaluation sessions and processing demonstrations. The community is able to answer evaluative questions well and show skills in processing moringa leaves independently. In addition to increasing knowledge, the community also shows a commitment to implementing the results of counseling in daily life, including in efforts to reduce high blood pressure through the consumption of processed moringa leaves. This activity ran smoothly and had a positive impact on improving nutrition literacy and public health. It is hoped that this activity can be a model of sustainable community empowerment based on local potential.

Efforts to realize the implementation of good medical records require supporting elements in the form of medical record folders with a design that meets standards. Medical record folders protect patient documents and simplify the process of identifying, storing, and managing health data. Based on the results of observations at the UMSIDA Physiotherapy Clinic, the medical record folder used is still simple, only made of ordinary paper without a logo, name, clinic address, or columns for writing patient identity and medical record number. This condition has the potential to cause obstacles in the administration and security of patient data. The purpose of this research is to redesign (redesign) medical record folders based on anatomical, physical, and content aspects to make them more professional and functional. The methods used include needs analysis through interviews with users, evaluation of old designs, and the creation of new designs. The redesign was carried out by adding heading elements in the form of the name and address of the clinic, introduction in the form title or medical record folder, and instructions in the form of the text "Confidential Documents." On the body, the patient's identity is contained such as full name and medical record number. From the physical aspect, the folder is designed in the form of a portrait with a size of 21.5 cm × 33.0 cm, using white 260 grams of ivory paper with a blue background. Meanwhile, the content aspects include the identity of the health service facility, the writing "Confidential Document," the patient's name, medical record number, and year of visit. The results of the study concluded that the redesign of the medical record folder has met the anatomical, physical, and content standards needed to support more organized health services.

The Catholic Spiritual Revival (KRK) was a large-scale spiritual event organized by the Catholic Charismatic Renewal Body of the Diocese of Malang, aimed at revitalizing the faith and service spirit among Catholics in the post-COVID-19 period. Held on November 2, 2024, at the New Hongkong Ballroom Araya Malang, the event brought together participants from 18 different prayer communities, with a target audience of 1,200 people. To support the success of this initiative, the Publication Division—comprised of a community service team from the Faculty of Economics and Business at Ma Chung University—was tasked with planning and implementing an effective promotional strategy. The team focused on a cost-efficient and high-impact digital publicity approach, which included creating digital content for social media platforms, hosting webinars, and developing a targeted online promotion campaign. The implementation of this digital strategy proved to be highly successful. Ticket sales surpassed expectations, with over 900 tickets sold two weeks before the event and actual attendance exceeding 1,200 people. These outcomes demonstrated the strong appeal and reach of the event’s publicity efforts. In addition to increasing awareness, the visual and content strategies helped build community engagement and enthusiasm ahead of the event. This report presents a comprehensive review of the planning and execution phases of the publication strategy, highlighting key challenges, creative processes, and collaborative efforts. It also offers practical recommendations for future events of similar scale, especially in leveraging digital media to enhance participation and outreach. The success of KRK 2024 underscores the value of strategic communication and visual branding in religious and community-based events.

The Catholic Spiritual Revival (KRK) was a large-scale spiritual event organized by the Catholic Charismatic Renewal Body of the Diocese of Malang, aimed at revitalizing the faith and service spirit among Catholics in the post-COVID-19 period. Held on November 2, 2024, at the New Hongkong Ballroom Araya Malang, the event brought together participants from 18 different prayer communities, with a target audience of 1,200 people. To support the success of this initiative, the Publication Division—comprised of a community service team from the Faculty of Economics and Business at Ma Chung University—was tasked with planning and implementing an effective promotional strategy. The team focused on a cost-efficient and high-impact digital publicity approach, which included creating digital content for social media platforms, hosting webinars, and developing a targeted online promotion campaign. The implementation of this digital strategy proved to be highly successful. Ticket sales surpassed expectations, with over 900 tickets sold two weeks before the event and actual attendance exceeding 1,200 people. These outcomes demonstrated the strong appeal and reach of the event’s publicity efforts. In addition to increasing awareness, the visual and content strategies helped build community engagement and enthusiasm ahead of the event. This report presents a comprehensive review of the planning and execution phases of the publication strategy, highlighting key challenges, creative processes, and collaborative efforts. It also offers practical recommendations for future events of similar scale, especially in leveraging digital media to enhance participation and outreach. The success of KRK 2024 underscores the value of strategic communication and visual branding in religious and community-based events.

This research explores the influence of customer satisfaction on the financial performance of Perumda Tirtanadi, with a particular focus on the digital service system as a moderating factor. The study is driven by the growing urgency for digital innovation in public service sectors, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly altered customer engagement patterns. A quantitative method is adopted, employing Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using the SmartPLS 4 software to process the collected data. The analysis demonstrates that both customer satisfaction and digital services have independent and significant positive effects on financial outcomes. However, the interaction between these two variables does not show a statistically significant moderating effect. These findings underline the value of digital infrastructure as a strategic internal resource that supports financial growth. Nevertheless, the minimal moderating impact suggests that a portion of customers either lack access or sufficient skills to effectively utilize the available digital platforms. This study adds to the current body of knowledge by examining the interplay between digital transformation and customer satisfaction in shaping financial performance, framed through the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory. The research suggests that improving digital literacy and promoting better adoption of digital tools among customers is essential to fully capitalize on the benefits of technological advancement. Furthermore, it highlights the need for continuous training and support to ensure that all customers can engage with digital services effectively, thereby enhancing overall satisfaction and financial performance. By addressing these gaps, organizations can foster a more inclusive digital environment that benefits both the customers and the service providers.

Inflammation is the body's natural biological response to tissue injury, infection, or other harmful stimuli. Inflammatory processes play an important role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, but excessive or chronic inflammation can trigger various degenerative diseases, including arthritis, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. One of the main mediators of inflammation is the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is in charge of converting arachidonic acid into pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX-2 activity is an important strategy in controlling inflammation. Selective COX-2 inhibitors (Coxibs) have been developed to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects commonly caused by conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OAINS). However, the use of Coxibs still poses a significant cardiovascular risk, so the search for alternatives from natural ingredients continues. Flavonoid compounds, which are abundant in fruits, vegetables, teas, and spices, show great potential as natural COX-2 inhibitors. Flavonoids have a polyphenol structure that allows for strong interactions with COX-2 active sites through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic forces. This study is a literature review that examines the potential of flavonoids from natural ingredients as COX-2 inhibitors based on an in silico approach. This method was carried out through a literature search on the Google Scholar database using the keywords "Flavonoid", "COX-2", "In Silico", "Molecular Docking", and "Anti-inflammatory". The results of the analysis of ten articles showed that compounds such as myricetin, quercetin, rutin, catechin, and epicatechin-3-O-gallate have a high bonding affinity with COX-2, even exceeding in some cases standard drugs such as diclofenac and dexamethasone. Low bond energy values (ΔG) and optimal amount of hydrogen bonds support this potential. The findings indicate that flavonoids from natural ingredients can be developed into candidates for selective anti-inflammatory drugs COX-2 that are safer and more effective than existing synthetic therapies.

Infant growth and development are crucial issues that require serious attention, particularly during the early childhood phase, which is crucial for a child's future development. The golden age of infants is the most sensitive period to various forms of stimulation that influence their motor, sensory, cognitive, and emotional development. However, not all parents, especially mothers, fully understand the importance of appropriate and safe stimulation in supporting infant growth and development. One form of stimulation that is relatively easy to perform, has no side effects, and can be applied independently at home is gentle touch therapy. Gentle Touch Therapy is a complementary therapy method that involves gentle, affectionate touch on the baby's body, aimed at stimulating the nervous system, strengthening the emotional bond between mother and child, and increasing comfort and relaxation in the baby. Several studies have shown that this gentle touch can improve sleep quality, accelerate weight gain, relieve stress, and encourage infant neuromotor and socio-emotional development. This community service activity was carried out as an effort to increase mothers' awareness and skills in providing stimulation through gentle touch. The activity was carried out at the Andina Independent Midwife Practice (PMB), Palembang City, in June 2025. The main target of this activity was mothers with babies aged 0–12 months. The implementation method included providing education through interactive lectures, demonstrations of touch therapy techniques by health professionals, and direct practice by mothers accompanied by facilitators. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in mothers' understanding of the importance of growth and development stimulation, especially through gentle touch therapy. The participants showed high enthusiasm in participating in the activity and were able to practice gentle touch techniques correctly and confidently.

Motor development in infants is a crucial process that occurs gradually and follows the principles of age-appropriate development. Each fundamental motor stage—such as tummy time, rolling over, sitting, crawling, standing, and walking—must be passed through sequentially to ensure optimal motor concept development. Skipping or insufficient stimulation of these stages may lead to difficulties in understanding functional body movements. One of the main causes of delayed motor development includes a lack of motor stimulation time, overly restrictive parental supervision, and low levels of motivation and stimulation provided to the child. Tummy time, or placing the baby in a prone position while awake, is a proven effective form of motor stimulation that supports the development of the baby’s neck, back, and arm muscles. This activity also assists infants in reaching subsequent developmental milestones such as rolling over and crawling. This Community Service Program (PkM) was conducted at the Physioroom Clinic and was attended by 15 mothers with infants aged 3 to 6 months. The objective of the program was to enhance mothers’ knowledge regarding the importance of tummy time in supporting infant motor development. The program's implementation included educational sessions, tummy time practice demonstrations, group discussions, and interactive Q&A sessions. To measure the increase in participant knowledge, a pre-test and post-test were administered before and after the activity.The results of this PkM activity showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 6.4 in the pre-test to 8.6 in the post-test. This improvement demonstrates the program’s effectiveness in educating mothers about the benefits of tummy time for infant motor development. It is hoped that the mothers will consistently apply this stimulation at home to optimally support their children's growth and development.

The Korean drama True Beauty portrays a vivid reflection of the social reality where beauty standards significantly influence how women are treated in society. This study investigates how these standards lead to discrimination against individuals who do not align with socially constructed ideals of appearance. Specifically, it focuses on the representation of such discrimination in the character of Im Ju Kyung, a high school student who is constantly judged for her natural look. Utilizing a qualitative approach with Roland Barthes' semiotic theory, this research deciphers three levels of meaning—denotative, connotative, and mythological—embedded within selected scenes from episodes 1 and 3. The findings indicate that Ju Kyung encounters six distinct forms of appearance-based discrimination: verbal bullying, physical bullying, non-verbal bullying (such as gestures or facial expressions), social exclusion, beauty privilege (where attractive individuals receive favorable treatment), and internalized social pressure to conform. Each discriminatory act is not only rooted in visual representations but also carries deeper ideological implications—suggesting that physical beauty is a prerequisite for social acceptance and personal value. Although True Beauty critiques the culture of appearance-based discrimination, it simultaneously perpetuates the myth that transformation through makeup or cosmetic procedures is a viable solution to gain acceptance. This duality reflects the complex role of media as both a mirror of societal norms and a tool that reinforces dominant ideologies. In doing so, the drama raises critical questions about the ethical responsibilities of popular culture in shaping perceptions of gender, identity, and worth based on physical appearance. Through this analysis, the study contributes to discussions on media literacy and body politics in contemporary Korean pop culture.

Hypothermia after general anesthesia is a common complication that can seriously impact patient recovery. Identifying risk factors contributing to this occurrence is crucial for effective prevention and management. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of hypothermia after general anesthesia in patients in the Surgical Unit of Regina Maris Regional Hospital, Medan. Methods: This study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 78 patients undergoing general anesthesia was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through observation and documentation, and analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Factors shown to be significantly associated with the occurrence of hypothermia after general anesthesia included preoperative body temperature (p=0.010), gender (p=0.014), and duration of surgery (p=0.001). Meanwhile, age and body mass index did not show a significant association. Conclusion: Body temperature, gender, and duration of surgery are the main determinants of the occurrence of hypothermia after general anesthesia. Preventive strategies that focus on body temperature management before and during surgery are needed, especially in high-risk patients.

Nutritional status is a measure of success in fulfilling nutritional needs in children which is shown through the achievement of body weight for age. The nutritional status of toddlers is very significant as a starting point for physical capacity in adulthood. This descriptive study uses primary data, namely data obtained from direct field observations using a questionnaire that has been designed previously to determine maternal knowledge about nutritional status in toddlers in Telaga Sari Village, Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, as many as 30 people in this study. Based on research from 30 people who became respondents, the Description of Mother's Knowledge about nutritional status in toddlers in Telaga Sari Village, Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, the majority of 14 people (47%) have sufficient knowledge and a minority of 6 mothers who have less knowledge (20%). Based on age, the majority were 20-35 years old (23%), and the minority were 1 person (3%) aged <20 years old. Based on education, the majority were high school (27%), and the minority were elementary school (3%). Based on occupation, the majority were employed (27%), and the minority were unemployed (7%). This study is expected to encourage village midwives to provide more information through counseling and increase mothers' knowledge about the nutritional status of toddlers to prevent malnutrition.  

Air circulation and natural lighting are among the key aspects influencing the comfort of room usage, particularly in dormitory buildings inhabited by university students. This study aims to explore thermal comfort more deeply, focusing on air circulation and natural lighting within student dormitory rooms in the Riau Islands. A qualitative method was employed, collecting up-to-date data on the selected building. Building simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and DIALux were conducted to analyze the speed of air circulation and the quality of natural lighting within the rooms. The results reveal that prior to evaluation, the dormitory rooms faced thermal issues related to poor air circulation and insufficient natural lighting. Wind speed was recorded at less than 2 m/s, and the incoming and outgoing airflow collided due to the presence of only one ventilation access. The evaluation using cross-ventilation through room openings showed a positive impact on indoor air circulation, increasing wind speeds to 2–4 m/s. The cross-ventilation concept also enhanced the discharge and exchange of indoor air, preventing air stagnation. In terms of natural lighting, the simulation showed that lighting intensity in several rooms was below the minimum standard of 250 lux, particularly in areas far from the window openings. After modifications to the window layout and the addition of secondary light-transmitting elements, the lighting level significantly improved to meet the recommended standard. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating both passive ventilation and natural lighting strategies in student dormitory designs. Improving these environmental aspects not only enhances thermal comfort but also supports the health, productivity, and well-being of the residents. This study contributes to the growing body of research on sustainable dormitory design and can be used as a reference for future architectural planning and policy improvements.

Mental health is a crucial aspect of modern life, with stress and anxiety being among the most common and impactful psychological disorders. This research proposes a stress and anxiety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), integrating biometric sensors and Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for early detection and in-depth analysis. The system is designed using MAX30102 (heart rate and SpO₂), GSR (Galvanic Skin Response), and DS18B20 (body temperature) sensors, managed by an ESP32 microcontroller and communicating through the MQTT protocol. Physiological data is collected in real-time, formatted in JSON, and transmitted to both Android and web-based applications for visualization. The DNN model is developed using the TensorFlow framework with a layered architecture and ReLU activation functions to classify four mental states: relaxed, calm, anxious, and highly stressed. The training dataset comprises both primary and secondary data, including the WESAD dataset. Model performance is evaluated through k-fold cross-validation, showing high accuracy and strong generalization capabilities. The results indicate that the integration of sensor technology and deep learning significantly improves the effectiveness of stress and anxiety detection compared to traditional methods. This system demonstrates great potential for the development of AI-based wearable devices for autonomous, real-time, and adaptive mental health monitoring. 

This study aims to identify and compare the prevalence of eating disorders and body image disturbances among female athletes and non-athlete members of fitness clubs. Given the rising societal emphasis on physical appearance and performance, young women are increasingly exposed to unrealistic body ideals, potentially increasing the risk of psychological issues such as body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors. The research employed a descriptive quantitative design involving 100 women aged 18–25 years, consisting of 50 athletes actively participating in competitive sports and 50 non-athletes who regularly attend fitness clubs for general health purposes. Data were collected using two standardized instruments: the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) to assess levels of body image disturbance, and the SCOFF questionnaire to screen for symptoms of eating disorders. Results indicated that 34% of female athletes reported high levels of body image disturbance, compared to only 2% of non-athletes. Additionally, symptoms of eating disorders were present in 54% of athletes, while 14% of non-athletes showed similar tendencies. Statistical analyses using Mann-Whitney U and independent samples t-tests confirmed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05), suggesting that athletes may be at a higher risk for developing these psychological issues. These findings underscore the psychological pressures faced by female athletes, who are often required to maintain specific body standards to meet performance expectations. The study highlights the urgent need for preventive measures, including psychological support services and educational interventions that promote healthy body image and eating habits. Implementing such programs in both sports and general fitness environments can help reduce the prevalence of these disorders and foster a healthier relationship with body image among young women.

This study aims to analyze the influence of green advertising, green packaging, and green product on the purchase decision of The Body Shop products, with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The background of this research is based on increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues, which drives changes in consumer preferences towards environmentally friendly products. Green marketing strategies are important in shaping a positive brand image and influencing consumer purchasing behavior. This study uses a quantitative approach with a path analysis method processed using SPSS software. The respondents in this study amounted to 100 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Wijaya Kusuma University Surabaya who had bought The Body Shop products. The results of the analysis show that green advertising, green packaging, and green products have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, green advertising and green products have also been shown to have a direct influence on consumer purchase decisions, while green packaging does not show a significant influence on direct purchase decisions. In addition, customer satisfaction has been shown to play a significant mediating variable in the relationship between green marketing variables and purchase decisions. These findings confirm that the implementation of green marketing strategies not only has a positive impact on the company's image and social responsibility, but also plays an important role in increasing customer satisfaction and encouraging consumers to make purchasing decisions. Therefore, companies are advised to continue to develop and integrate eco-friendly elements in their marketing strategies to increase competitiveness and consumer loyalty. This research also makes a theoretical contribution to the development of consumer behavior studies related to sustainable marketing, especially among the younger generation.

The practice of anatomical corpse (cadaver) surgery in medical education has an important value to improve the understanding and skills of medical students related to the anatomy of the human body. However, uncivilized acts of the corpse in this practice can raise legal and ethical issues. This study aims to analyze whether the practice is in accordance with the principles of law, ethics, and respect for the corpse, as well as how the act of treating the corpse uncivilized can be categorized as an unlawful act (wederrechtelijk). The research uses a normative approach with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal analysis, including the Criminal Code, Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, and Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 38 of 2022. The results of the study show that there is a gap in norms related to legal uncertainty in regulating the treatment of corpses in the practice of medical education. Existing norms have not explicitly provided detailed guidance on uncivilized acts, thus opening up space for multiple interpretations. The uncivilized treatment of corpses violates the principles of respect for human dignity as stipulated in criminal law and medical ethics. Therefore, systematic legal interpretation and regulatory reform are needed to provide legal certainty, protect the rights of the corpse, and ensure that the practice of medical education runs in accordance with the principles of ethics, law, and respect for the corpse. This study provides recommendations to strengthen regulations and ethical education in the use of cadavers in order to maintain public trust in the medical profession.

This study aims to examine and provide solutions to legal issues arising from TJSL regulations in Indonesia. In addition, this study aims to examine the reconstruction of TJSL regulations for limited liability companies in support of SDGs based on Government Regulation No. 47 of 2012. This research is a type of legal research. It analyzes the relationship between legal rules and recommends changes to deficiencies in regulations. This research is prescriptive in nature. It uses a legislative approach. In addition, this research uses a conceptual approach. Based on this research, it was found that legal issues arising from TJSL regulations in Indonesia exist in various aspects. There are various legal issues arising from TJSL regulations in Indonesia, such as inconsistency and fragmentation in regulations, unclear sanctions, and the absence of a special body or institution to oversee TJSL. The government, in this case the president, needs to reconstruct TJSL regulations by establishing a thematic TJSL program that integrates the 17 SDGs into the TJSL program. The reconstruction of TJSL regulations must be carried out in PP 47/2012 by establishing thematic TJSL programs to ensure the implementation of TJSL is targeted and supports the achievement of the SDGs.

Issues related to self-esteem and body image have become a significant psychological challenge among female students, particularly at the Faculty of Education and Educational Sciences of PGRI University Banyuwangi. Factors such as social pressure, unrealistic beauty standards, and low self-acceptance lead to many female students experiencing a lack of confidence in their physical appearance. Therefore, appropriate psychological intervention is needed to help them develop a more positive mindset. positive mindset. This study employs a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects are female students at the Faculty of Education and Teacher Training (FKIP) of PGRI University Banyuwangi who have low self-esteem regarding their body image. The intervention is conducted through group counseling services using reinforcement techniques and supported by modeling techniques. The results of the study showed a significant increase in self-esteem regarding body image among female students after participating in the group counseling service. The application of reinforcement techniques proved effective in strengthening positive behaviors and mindsets regarding body image. Thus, this service can be used as a counseling strategy to improve the psychological and social self-confidence of female students.