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This study examines sarcastic utterances by netizens on TikTok during the 2024 Gorontalo Regional Election, focusing on their forms, functions, and influencing factors. The research analyzed comments on TikTok videos related to the election, specifically those containing sarcasm, selected purposively. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study categorized sarcastic utterances into four forms: (1) action sarcasm, (2) trait sarcasm, (3) result-of-action sarcasm, and (4) advisory sarcasm. The functions of these utterances include expressing opinions, prohibition, information, emphasis, rejection, commands, and statements. The study also identified two main factors influencing the use of sarcasm: emotional outbursts and disappointment toward the candidate pairs. The findings suggest that sarcasm is employed as a medium for expressing attitudes, emotions, and political judgments in digital discourse. This research highlights the role of sarcastic speech acts in the political conversation on social media during election campaigns.

Emotion is a natural aspect of human life, including that of individuals with Cerebral Palsy or CP. Generally, emotion can be triggered by situational factors and expressed through language, particularly through prosody. However, studies that explicitly link emotion, CP, and prosody remain limited. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the types of emotions experienced by Mike, a character with CP in theTriumph movie, as well as their prosodic performances. The research data consisted of Mike’s utterances and facial expressions, which were analyzed qualitatively using observation and documentation methods, along with note-taking and triangulation technique. The theories used were psycholinguistic, affective priming, and prosodic, that was also supported by Praat software. The findings showed that the emotions expressed by Mike included happiness (the most dominant), sadness, anger, surprise (the least frequent), and fear, which were triggered by social support or rejection from people around him. From a prosodic perspective, intonation and loudness exhibited contrasting patterns, resulting in varying degrees of word stress. Happiness was characterized by a pitch of 155.31 Hz and an intensity of 58.78 dB, sadness by a lower pitch of 148.54 Hz and the lowest intensity at 53.89 dB, anger by the highest pitch at 280.7 Hz and the strongest intensity at 62.47 dB, surprise by a pitch of 196.3 Hz and an intensity of 56.38 dB, and fear by a pitch of 161.03 Hz with an intensity of 57.97 dB.In sum, the results indicated a strong interrelationship between emotion and prosody in Mike’s speech.

Equitable vaccine distribution is a global issue that has received increasing attention, especially since the increasing need for vaccines in the face of modern pandemics. This study aims to analyze the inequality in vaccine distribution and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy through a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing literature studies and supporting data in the form of graphs. The analysis results show that high-income countries have significantly greater access to vaccines than middle- and low-income countries, creating inequalities that impact public health protection. Furthermore, levels of vaccine hesitancy were found to vary across social groups, with adolescents being the group with the highest rate of rejection due to the influence of misinformation and low trust in health institutions. These findings confirm that the success of a vaccination program is determined not only by the availability of equitable distribution but also by public acceptance, which is influenced by social, psychological, and ethical factors. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of applying bioethical principles such as justice, beneficence, and autonomy in formulating effective and inclusive vaccination policies.

The pluralistic development of Indonesian national law creates a dynamic relationship between national civil law and customary law, including in the context of resolving inheritance disputes in Chinese families who adhere to patrilineal traditions. Supreme Court Decision No. 1204 K/Pdt/2024 shows that there is a tension between legal certainty under the Civil Code and substantive justice originating from living law. This research aims to analyze the judge's interpretation of family documents as a basis for inheritance rejection, inheritance sharing mechanisms that ignore Chinese customary norms, and their implications for legal pluralism in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical with a case study approach and a descriptive-analytical legislative approach, using literature studies of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that the ruling applied neither the Civil Code nor the principle of Chinese customary inheritance consistently. The family declaration on which the judge relied was not actually a refusal of inheritance, but an internal agreement granting authority to the testator. Moreover, the distribution of inheritance carried out is not in accordance with the principle of patrilineal custom which places the eldest son as the recipient of the largest share. This finding shows the weak application of legal pluralism (weak legal pluralism) and reveals the gap between das sollen and das sein, so it is necessary to strengthen the role of judges in exploring the traditional values that live in society.

The increasing poverty rate in West Bandung Regency has encouraged BAZNAS to introduce the Z-Mart programme, which provides business capital assistance as an effort to improve community income. The effectiveness of the programme is assessed based on its ability to achieve predetermined targets and comply with organisational regulations. This study adopts a quantitative approach, involving 151 mustahik as the population, with 61 mustahik selected as the sample to complete the questionnaire. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of zakat fund distribution on mustahik income in the Z-Mart programme implemented by BAZNAS of West Bandung Regency. Data analysis using SPSS version 25.0 indicates that the independent variable (X) contributes 59.8 per cent, and that the effectiveness of zakat distribution has a significant effect on mustahik income (R-square = 0.357). Regression analysis reveals that a one-point increase in distribution effectiveness contributes to a positive increase of 0.814 points in mustahik income. The t-test results show that the calculated t-value (5.725) exceeds the critical t-value (1.671), indicating acceptance of the alternative hypothesis and rejection of the null hypothesis. Therefore, this study concludes that the distribution of zakat funds through the Z-Mart programme is effective in improving the income level of mustahik in BAZNAS of West Bandung Regency.

This study is entitled “The Ecofeminist Movement of Mollo Indigenous Women in Rejecting Marble Mining (study: Rejection of Marble Mining in Fatumnasi Village, South Central Timor Regency)” which aims to understand and analyze the ecofeminist movement carried out by Mollo indigenous women in rejecting marble mining activities in Fatumnasi Village. The presence of marble mining in the Mollo indigenous area has posed a threat to Environmental sustainability, water sources, and cultural values that have long been the identity of the community. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study describes the role and form of resistance of Mollo indigenous women based on the ecological relationship between women and nature. Data were obtained through in-diepah interviews, field observations, and documentation of the head of Fatumnasi Village, traditional women’s figures, religious figures, community leaders, and youth leaders. The results of the study indicate that the movement to reject marble mining is not merely a form of protest against environmental damage, but also a form of ecofeminist awareness that emphasizes that women’s bodies and the body of nature are an inseparable whole. This movement is expressed through various acts of resistance such as traditional rituals, weaving, demonstrations, and customary deliberations, each carrying symbolic meaning about the harmony between humans and nature. Based on Françoise d’Eaubonne’s theory of ecofeminism, the Mollo women’s movement reflects critical awareness toward patriarchal and capitalist systems that exploit both women and the environment. Thus, it can be concluded that the ecofeminist movement of Mollo indigenous women in rejecting marble mining is a form of women’s struggle to maintain environmental sustainability and maintain cultural identity through loclah wisdom practices.Ecofeminism, Mollo Indigenous Women, Marble Mining, Fatumnasi Village, Environment

This study explores how the drafting process of the Bill (RUU) for the Revision of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), which was approved to become Law Number 3 of 2025, occurred amidst massive public protests, with an emphasis on violations of the principles of openness, participation, and accountability as regulated in the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislative Regulations. The public's rejection illustrates the potential for abusive law making, threats to civilian dominance, and the possibility of a return to the dual function of the military from the New Order period, supported by protests, petitions from civil society organizations such as NU, WALHI, and KONTRAS, as well as an application for constitutional review to the Constitutional Court. Adopting the perspective of Habermas’s theory of deliberative democracy and Weber’s concept of legitimacy, this research asserts that the argument for the annulment of this Bill is growing stronger, in order to uphold democratic law making and the protection of human rights.

Vocabulary acquisition is fundamental to language proficiency, yet retention remains a persistent cognitive challenge for students. Conventional rote-learning strategies often fail to facilitate long-term recall. This study examines the effectiveness of the keyword technique in improving students’ vocabulary mastery. Employing a quantitative quasi-experimental design, the research involved 48 students selected through cluster random sampling. The samples were separated into two groups: an experimental group of 26 students (taught by using the keyword technique) and a control group of 22 students (taught by using conventional strategy). Data were collected using a validated multiple-choice vocabulary test administered before and after the treatment. This result validates a notable difference in outcomes where the experimental group demonstrated better performance; consequently, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0). These findings confirm that the Keyword Technique significantly enhances vocabulary mastery by leveraging acoustic and imagery associations. Consequently, this strategy is recommended to foster more effective vocabulary retention.

This research seeks to assess the impact of Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 located in Solok City, utilizing a sample of 32 respondents and adopting quantitative methods. The sampling technique employed is Total Sampling. Data collection was carried out through the distribution of a questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis revealed the equation for the variables Leadership Style and Work Discipline's effect on Employee Performance to be Y = 12.024 + 0.220 X1 + 0.482 X2 + e. The t-test indicated that Leadership Style (X1) significantly affects Employee Performance, as demonstrated by a t-count of 2.201, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.04523, with a significance level of 0.036, which is less than 0.05. Consequently, Ha was accepted while H0 was rejected. Additionally, Work Discipline (X2) significantly influences Employee Performance, with a t-count of 5.409 surpassing the t-table value of 2.04523, and a significance level of 0.000, which is also below 0.05. This led to the acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0. The F test results showed that both Leadership Style and Work Discipline jointly affect Employee Performance, with an f count of 51.591 exceeding the f table value of 3.33, and a significance level of 0.000, which is under 0.05. Furthermore, the R Square value obtained is 0.781, indicating that Leadership Style and Work Discipline collectively account for 78.1% of the variance in Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 in Solok City, with the remaining variance attributed to other factors not examined in this study.

Human behavior and psychological conflict often become central elements in literary works, especially in drama, where characters are shaped through tension, pride, emotion, and social expectation. Shakespeare’s Coriolanus presents a character whose sense of pride, identity, and honor creates ongoing conflict with the society around him. This study aims to analyze the forms of narcissism expressed by Coriolanus using Otto Kernberg’s fourfold theory: healthy, grandiose, vulnerable, and malignant. A qualitative descriptive method was applied through textual analysis and library research, focusing on key scenes that reveal his psychological development. The results show that grandiose narcissism is the most dominant type (36%), as seen in scenes where Coriolanus belittles the plebeians and rejects their approval, reflecting his rigid superiority as a Roman patrician. Healthy narcissism appears least (10%), found only in early moments such as his genuine pride after the battle at Corioles before political pressure intensifies his arrogance. Meanwhile, vulnerable and malignant narcissism each appear at 27%, shown when he collapses into shame after public rejection and later seeks revenge by joining Aufidius. These findings illustrate that Coriolanus’s downfall is shaped by the progression of his narcissism from pride to contempt, fragility, and destruction.

This research aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for copyright over fashion design and the judicial considerations applied in deciding copyright infringement in Putusan Pengadilan Niaga Makassar No. 1/Pdt.Sus-HKI/Cipta/2020/PN Niaga Makassar through a normative legal research method grounded in statutory and case approaches, where the findings demonstrate that fashion designs published through Instagram fulfill the elements of copyrightable works under Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta because they meet the requirements of originality and fixation, thereby receiving automatic protection without the need for registration, while the Panel of Judges in the decision acknowledged the existence of copyright infringement based on substantial similarities between the plaintiff’s designs and the defendant’s uploads, yet the rejection of the plaintiff’s claim for compensation is considered insufficient to provide comprehensive legal protection because it does not restore the economic or moral losses suffered and fails to produce a deterrent effect for infringers, thus emphasizing the need to strengthen copyright protection in the digital era, particularly within the fashion industry, through judicial decisions that are more comprehensive, progressive, and responsive to technological developments and the increasing complexity of copyright violations.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal anxiety levels and the timing of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) among primiparous mothers. EIBF, also known as Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD), is a vital procedure that supports the establishment of effective breastfeeding and is recommended globally. Nevertheless, various maternal factors, particularly psychological conditions, may influence the implementation of EIBF. The main objective of this research was to determine whether increased anxiety during the peripartum period is associated with delays in initiating breastfeeding. A correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was utilized in this investigation. The study population consisted of 77 eligible participants, while the final sample included 69 primiparous mothers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were chosen through purposive sampling. The independent variable was the maternal anxiety level, and the dependent variable was the timing of EIBF implementation. Data were gathered using a structured self-administered questionnaire designed to measure both variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. The findings demonstrated a p-value of 0.0389, which was below the significance threshold of 0.05 (p < 0.05), indicating the rejection of the null hypothesis. Therefore, the results revealed a significant relationship between anxiety levels and the timing of EIBF among primiparous mothers. Elevated anxiety was identified as a factor contributing to delayed initiation of breastfeeding. These findings highlight the importance of regular psychological screening and effective anxiety management for first-time mothers during childbirth to facilitate optimal postnatal care, particularly the timely initiation of EIBF.

This study examines the epistemology of monotheism from the perspective of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas as outlined in his book Islam and Secularism. The main focus of this study is the unity of revelation and reason, monotheism as a basic principle of science, the rejection of secular epistemology, and the ultimate goal of science, which in this context is ma'rifatullah (knowing God). This study uses a library method with a qualitative-descriptive approach and text analysis (content analysis), focusing on Chapters III and V in al-Attas's book, as well as relevant supporting literature on the epistemology of monotheism and the Islamization of science. The results show that the epistemology of monotheism according to al-Attas emphasizes the importance of integration between reason, revelation, and spiritual experience. In this view, science is not only intellectual, but also moral and spiritual. This integration forms a holistic framework of science, which not only functions to develop human morals and character, but also as a means to know and serve God. Thus, the epistemology of monotheism provides a strong foundation for the development of Islamic science, while strengthening the identity of Islamic science in facing the challenges of modernity.

Red blood cells are essential for carrying oxygen and vital nutrients needed for the growth of the fetus, therefore anemia during pregnancy is a complex issue. It is vital for all expectant mothers to fulfill their iron needs because maternal anemia during pregnancy can result in adverse consequences for the child, such as premature birth and low birth weight. The chance of a woman developing anemia increases as she ages during pregnancy. Bleeding is a direct result of the anemia experienced during labor in 17.24% of cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the connection between the incidence of anemia and young pregnant women in Ir. Soekarno Hospital on Morotai Island. The study used an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach, which is useful for finding relationships between two or more variables. The whole sampling technique, which included 40 participants in all, was used. A checklist was used as the study's instrument. Chi-Square analysis was used to analyze the collected data using SPSS software. The chi-square statistical analysis produced a P-value (asymp. The p-value (2-tailed) is 0.002, which is less than the 0.05 significance level. This indicates a relationship between the start of anemia and young pregnant women. Thus, it is possible to infer a link between the incidence of anemia and young pregnant women, leading to the rejection of H0 and the endorsement of H1.

This study discusses the judge’s considerations in rejecting a marriage annulment lawsuit due to coercion, as stated in the Religious Court Decision of Tanjung Karang Number: 1109/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Tnk. The lawsuit was filed by a wife who claimed she was forced into marriage due to threats from her parents, thus requesting an annulment based on Article 27 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage. However, the panel of judges rejected the claim. This research aims to examine the legal reasoning behind the judge’s rejection of the annulment and the legal consequences resulting from the decision. The study employs a normative and empirical legal approach with a descriptive qualitative method, using primary legal materials such as legislation and court rulings, as well as secondary data from legal literature and interviews. The results show that the judges rejected the claim because the alleged coercion was not proven to constitute an unlawful threat as defined by law, and the marriage was conducted validly according to legal and religious provisions. The legal implication of this rejection is that the marriage remains valid and binding, and all legal rights and obligations between husband and wife continue to apply.

This research is motivated by the crisis of public trust experienced by the National Zakat Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BAZNAS RI) following the receipt of a donation of Rp1.5 billion from McDonald's Indonesia, which is considered to be affiliated with the Israeli McDonald's chain. This crisis has led to public rejection and questions about BAZNAS RI's credibility as a national zakat management institution. This research aims to: (1) analyze the crisis management strategies implemented by the Public Relations division of BAZNAS RI, and (2) examine the forms of crisis response strategies used in handling the issue. The theory used is Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and observations. The results of the study indicate that BAZNAS RI Public Relations implemented three stages of crisis management strategies, namely pre-crisis, during crisis, and post-crisis. In the pre-crisis stage, media monitoring, internal meetings, and the formation of a crisis communication team were conducted. In the crisis stage, strategic steps were taken through coordination with partners, issuing official statements, terminating cooperation with McDonald's Indonesia, and publishing positive content. Support from public figures was also leveraged to restore the organization's image. In the post-crisis phase, issue monitoring and evaluation of collaboration partners were conducted. The response strategy focused on a rebuilding and bolstering approach through apologies, strengthening a positive image, and affirming humanitarian values. These findings underscore the importance of empathetic, transparent, and value-oriented communication in addressing the crisis of trust in philanthropic institutions.

This research is entitled "Theology of Embrace: Perspectives of Indonesian Christian Pastors on Concern for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People." The focus of the research is directed at how pastors of the Indonesian Christian Church (HKI) understand and respond to the presence of the LGBT community within the congregation, as well as how the concept of embrace theology can be implemented in Church services. The background of this research arises from the persistence of stigma, discrimination, and rejection of LGBT people in the church environment, which impacts their alienation from fellowship. This research method uses a qualitative with a descriptive approach, the researcher interviewed 10 HKI pastors in 9 regions to explore their perspectives. The results show that 3 HKI pastors still hold conservative views regarding LGBT, viewing it as behavior that is contrary to the values ​​of Christian faith. There are also 7 pastors who are starting to open themselves to embracing LGBT people through a more humane and compassionate pastoral approach. The concept of embrace theology according to Miroslav Volf is a relevant theological offer for creating an inclusive church space, solidarity, and relationship restoration. This research is expected to contribute to the church, especially HKI, in formulating pastoral policies that are fair, relevant, and in line with the values ​​of Christ's love for all people without exception.

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that cause business actors (kiosks) to reject coins as a means of payment in sale and purchase transactions at Oeba Traditional Market, Fatubesi Urban Village, Kota Lama Subdistrict, Kupang City and the legal consequences of such rejection in terms of Law Number 7 of 2011 concerning Currency. The benefits of this research are to provide information and knowledge that enriches the study of law and as a consideration or input for the government and information for the community. This research is a type of empirical legal research. The results of this study show: (1) The factors causing business actors (kiosks) in Oeba Traditional Market to reject coins with denominations of Rp200.00 and Rp100.00 as a means of payment in sale and purchase  transactions are community perception factors, refund factors, and practicality factors. (2) The legal consequences of this rejection in terms of Law Number 7 of 2011 concerning Currency are that the sale and purchase agreement can be cancelled because there is no agreement between the parties and the business actor (kiosk) can be punished. The conclusions of this study are (1) The factors causing business actors (kiosks) in Oeba Traditional Market to reject coins with denominations of Rp200.00 and Rp100.00, namely the public perception factor, the refund factor, and the practicality factor. (2) The legal consequences of the rejection are that the sale and purchase agreement can be cancelled and the business actor (kiosk) can be punished. Suggestions from the author are, for the government, it is expected to be more aggressive in conducting socialisation about money and for business actors (kiosks) and the public are expected to treat money properly.

This research explores how bullying is depicted in the animated film “Jumbo” through the lens of Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study analyzes the denotative, connotative, and mythological meanings embedded within the film’s visual and narrative elements. Through this lens, the film is interpreted not merely as a piece of children's entertainment but as a medium that carries deeper social messages. The central character, Don, is portrayed as physically different from his peers, which becomes a symbol of broader societal rejection and marginalization. His journey reflects the internal and external struggles faced by individuals who do not conform to mainstream standards. Key symbolic components—such as Don’s unusually large physique, his inherited storybook, and the way he interacts with others—highlight themes of courage, empathy, personal identity, and the desire for social inclusion. The film subtly critiques the normalization of bullying and challenges dominant myths that suggest acceptance and success are only for those who meet certain physical or social norms. Through its narrative, Jumbo promotes values of diversity and encourages viewers, especially young audiences, to question unjust stereotypes and embrace empathy. By decoding the semiotic messages in Jumbo, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how animated films can serve as powerful educational tools. They can raise awareness about social issues, influence attitudes, and inspire critical reflection, especially when they employ symbolism that resonates with real-life experiences. This research ultimately highlights the potential of animation as a medium for moral and social education beyond its entertainment function.

This research examines the role of family quality time in dealing with children with special needs (ABK) from the perspective of John 9:2-3. Based on analysis of the text, this research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with library study methods to collect and analyze data from various relevant sources. The results of the discussion show that children with special needs are God's initial creation, and there is a need for a deep understanding of human diversity and rejection of stigmatization related to children's conditions. In this context, the role of the family is very important in supporting, protecting and treating children with special needs with appropriate love and respect. The perspective of John 9:2-3 shows that the physical or mental condition of children with special needs is not the result of sin, but is an opportunity to demonstrate God's power and demonstrate God's love and deep concern for children. Therefore, implementing the role of family quality time involves several approaches, including giving full attention when together, involving children in family activities, and reading and meditating on the Bible together. So, this approach has great potential to promote the well-being and development of children with special needs, as well as strengthen healthy and inclusive intrafamilial relationships. Thus, the role of family quality time in dealing with children with special needs is important morally and spiritually, as well as in forming a strong foundation for children's growth and happiness in the family context.