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Abstract. Nutritional problems and low levels of healthy food literacy remain significant challenges in rural communities. The utilization of functional foods derived from locally available ingredients represents a strategic approach to improving community health quality. This community engagement program aimed to enhance the knowledge and skills of residents—particularly housewives and adolescents—through education and hands-on training in the production of banana–sappan wood yogurt as a nutrient-dense functional food alternative. The program was conducted on January 10, 2026, in Pabuaran Village, Serang Regency, using an educational and participatory approach. Activities included the delivery of educational materials on functional foods and the health benefits of probiotics, as well as a practical demonstration of yogurt preparation. Program evaluation was carried out through observation of participant engagement and interactive discussions. The results indicated that participants were able to successfully follow all stages of yogurt production and demonstrated high enthusiasm for the use of local ingredients as healthy food alternatives. The resulting product exhibited acceptable sensory characteristics and an appealing appearance. This activity contributed to improved nutritional literacy and food processing skills and demonstrated potential to support household-level food self-reliance.  

Consumption of ethylene glycol–containing drugs can cause liver damage. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera L.) on AST and ALT levels, liver morphology, hepatosomatic index, and liver histology in ethylene glycol–induced white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used with 20 male rats divided into five groups: normal control, ethylene glycol control, and three treatment groups (150, 300, and 450 mg/kg BW). Ethylene glycol was administered for 30 days, while the extract was given for 20 days. Blood samples were collected on day 31. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The results showed significant hepatoprotective effects (P = 0.000). AST and ALT levels in the treatment groups differed significantly from the normal control. Liver morphological changes were observed in both control and treatment groups. The hepatosomatic index, number of normal hepatocytes, and central vein diameter also showed significant differences. In conclusion, Moringa leaf extract demonstrates hepatoprotective potential by reducing AST and ALT levels, improving liver morphology, increasing normal hepatocytes, and decreasing central vein diameter, with the optimal dose at 450 mg/kg BW

This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the potential pharmacological activities and safety profiles of seven secondary metabolite compounds (Caffeic Acid, Syringic Acid, Quercetin, Luteolin, p-Coumaric Acid, Ferulic Acid, and Epicatechin) identified in the Bajakah plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.). The research approach integrates in silico analysis using the PubChem database, biological activity prediction via PASS Online, oral toxicity assessment through ProTox-II, and pharmacokinetic evaluation using pkCSM, which were subsequently validated through an empirical literature review. The results indicate that these compounds exhibit significant activity probabilities, particularly as antimutagenic, antiseptic, and antioxidant agents. Luteolin demonstrated the highest antimutagenic potential, while Quercetin showed dominant antioxidant activity. Toxicity profiling revealed that Luteolin and Caffeic Acid possess the highest safety levels (Class 5), whereas Quercetin requires special attention (Class 3). These computational findings strongly correlate with empirical evidence demonstrating that Bajakah extract exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, antifungal activity against Candida albicans, as well as high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. This study provides a strong molecular foundation for the development of Bajakah as a safe and effective phytopharmaceutical candidate.

This study aims to analyze the in silico profile of the compound orientin derived from the water hyacinth plant (Eichhornia crassipes) as a potential antioxidant candidate. Orientin was selected based on its chemical structure data registered in PubChem, which provides complete information regarding molecular identity, physicochemical properties, and 2D and 3D structural representations. The prediction of biological activity was conducted using PASS Online, which indicated that orientin possesses a promising likelihood of exhibiting antioxidant activity according to relevant probability values. Furthermore, the safety assessment of the compound was carried out through ProTox-II to identify potential toxicity, including toxicity class, possible hepatotoxic effects, and other predicted safety parameters. To determine its pharmacokinetic profile, pkCSM was employed to predict ADMET characteristics such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and additional toxicity risks. The results of these analyses show that orientin demonstrates favorable potential as an antioxidant candidate, supported by predicted pharmacological properties and relatively low toxicity levels according to in silico evaluations. Therefore, orientin has promising potential for further development in subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies.

This study aims to design and implement an information technology-based economic and tourism potential mapping system in Tema Tana Village. This village faces several problems, including manual data management, limited access to information, and the absence of an integrated system for efficiently presenting village potential data. This study uses a descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. In developing the system, the Waterfall method is used, consisting of the stages of planning, design, implementation, and testing. The system design was carried out using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to ensure a clear system structure and flow. The results of the system development indicate that the system is able to present information in the form of interactive digital maps and reports that are easily accessible to users. Testing using the Black Box Testing method shows that all system features function well and are in accordance with predetermined needs. Thus, this system is expected to improve the effectiveness of data management and support better decision-making processes in developing village potential, particularly in the economic and tourism sectors.

Sutera Subdistrict is an area affected by floods and landslides, causing significant damage to residential areas. Most houses suffered severe damage and are no longer habitable, making housing relocation a crucial post-disaster response. This study aims to identify settlements located in disaster-prone zones and determine potential land areas for housing relocation in Sutera. The method applied involves scoring and weighting combined with spatial analysis of various physical parameters and disaster vulnerability levels.The results indicate that Sutera Subdistrict has considerable potential land for housing relocation, with the highest potential found in Nagari Amping Parak Timur. However, the physical characteristics of the area and variations in disaster vulnerability require selective and planned land utilization. Disaster vulnerability maps serve as an essential basis for spatial planning and development control, particularly in determining relocation sites. In addition, strengthening mitigation efforts and enhancing community preparedness are necessary to minimize disaster risks and support the development of a safer and more sustainable area.

Lingkungan rumah yang memiliki tempat penampungan air tanpa pengelolaan yang baik berpotensi menjadi lokasi perkembangbiakan nyamuk vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Salah satu upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) melalui penerapan perilaku 3M serta penggunaan larvasida abate pada wadah air yang sulit untuk dikuras. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pelaksanaan Program GEMA (Gerakan Bersama Hapus Jentik) yang mengintegrasikan edukasi 3M dan pemberian abate sebagai langkah pengendalian jentik nyamuk di Desa Sambung. Program dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19–21 Januari dengan metode edukatif partisipatif melalui kunjungan rumah ke rumah. Tahapan kegiatan meliputi pemeriksaan keberadaan jentik, pemberian abate pada tempat penampungan air tertentu, serta edukasi mengenai penggunaan abate dan penerapan 3M. Evaluasi observasional dilakukan pada 22 Januari. Kegiatan ini menjangkau 1.360 rumah di empat dusun. Hasil pemeriksaan awal menunjukkan lebih dari separuh rumah masih ditemukan jentik nyamuk. Setelah intervensi, persentase rumah yang berpotensi terdapat jentik mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Program GEMA efektif dalam menekan potensi keberadaan jentik nyamuk serta meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan DBD.

The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematics e-module based on the tourism potential of Pasuruan City material of flat-sided solid shapes. This research is motivated by the use of teaching materials by teachers is still manual, not in digital form that integrates local tourism potential. The type of research is R&D (Research and Development) with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The results of the study show that the mathematics e-module based on the tourism potential of Pasuruan City material of flat-sided solid shapes has gone through a model development process. The validation results show that the percentage of experts with an average of 93.6% is in the very valid category. The application of the mathematics e-module received a positive response with a percentage of 88.5% on a small scale and on a large scale showing 89.2% in the very practical category. The posttest showed a percentage on a small scale of 83%, while on a large scale it reached 80% which is categorized as effective. Conclusion, the development of a mathematics e-module based on the tourism potential of Pasuruan City material of flat-sided solid shapes is declared valid, practical and effective.

Dairy goat farming holds significant economic potential as a rural enterprise alternative, driven by increasing market demand for goat milk, which is known for being low-allergen and highly nutritious. This article presents a case study on Okane Mochi Farm, a dairy goat farming unit located in Ngaglik Village, Gebang District, Purworejo Regency. This study aims to analyze the breeding management strategies, product innovation, and economic impacts generated by the farm. The method used is field observation and descriptive study of the farm's operations. Observations indicate that the success of Okane Mochi Farm is driven by three main factors: (1) Innovation in selecting superior breeds such as Anglo Nubian and Sapera for high milk productivity; (2) Implementation of strict housing management and hygiene standards to maintain milk quality; and (3) Product diversification through flavored pasteurized milk processing and the utilization of livestock waste into organic fertilizer (zero waste). The study concludes that the upstream-downstream integration model applied by Okane Mochi Farm can serve as a reference for sustainable rural economic empowerment models.

Regional economic development requires a comprehensive understanding of the structure, potential, and dynamics of economic sectors so that formulated policies can be targeted and sustainable. Bojonegoro Regency as one of the regions in East Java Province has unique economic characteristics with the dominance of certain sectors, so it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of the economic sectors that play a role in driving regional growth. This study aims to identify basic and non-basic sectors, analyze the dynamics of changes in economic sectors, and assess the sectoral competitiveness of Bojonegoro Regency compared to East Java Province. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data in the form of Gross Regional Domestic Product at constant prices by business field obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The analytical methods used include Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, and Shift Share. The results show that the mining and quarrying sector remains the sector with the most dominant relative advantage in the economic structure of Bojonegoro Regency. However, the analysis of dynamics and competitiveness indicates that several non-extractive sectors are starting to show faster development and growth potential. This finding suggests an opportunity for transformation of the regional economic structure towards a more diverse pattern. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of regional economic development strategies that do not only rely on traditional leading sectors, but also encourage the development of more sustainable potential sectors.

Regional economic development requires understanding the structure and performance of economic sectors to create effective policies. PadangiCity, the capital of West SumatraiProvince, plays a strategic role in the regional economy. However, differences in sector contributions and growth indicate structural imbalances that need attention. This studyiaims to identify leading and potential economic sectors in Padang City to support sustainable development planning. The study uses Location Quotient (LQ), iDynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and the Growth Ratio Model (GRM) to analyze secondary data on GrossiRegional Domestic Product (GRDP) at constant 2010 prices from 2020 to 2024, sourced from the CentraliBureau of Statistics of Padang City and West Sumatra Province. LQ results show that most sectors in Padang City are base sectors, especially business services, transportation and warehousing, ifinancial and insurance services, real estate, and wholesale and retail trade. DLQ analysis indicates that mining and quarrying, trade, transportation and warehousing, iinformation and communication, and health and social services have higher growth prospects than the reference region. GRM results show that trade, information andicommunication, real estate, health services, andiother services are leading sectors with good performance and growth potential. In contrast, agriculture, manufacturing, and construction are still lagging sectors. These findings highlight a structural shift in Padang City’s economy toward service-sector dominance and underline the need for sustainable, inclusive, and adaptive development policies to support long-term economic growth.

Nature-based tourism development has a strategic role in encouraging sustainable local economic growth, especially in rural areas such as Marente Village, Kabupaten Sumbawa. Agal Waterfall is one of the natural tourism destinations that has high attractiveness, but its utilization is still not optimal due to limited facilities and infrastructure, access to the location, promotional activities, and the quality of human resources management. This study aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and determine priority strategies in developing Agal Waterfall tourism using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) method. The research approach used is descriptive quantitative with primary data collected from 100 respondents. Analysis techniques include the preparation of IFAS, EFAS, SWOT, and QSPM matrices. The research findings show that the beauty of the natural environment and community participation are the main strengths, while the limited supporting facilities and promotion are still the dominant weaknesses. Development opportunities are supported by the increasing interest in nature tourism and the utilization of digital platforms, while threats come from competition between tourist destinations and the potential for environmental degradation. Based on the results of the analysis, priority strategies suggested include improving basic facilities, optimizing digital-based promotions, strengthening the capacity of human resource managers, and implementing the principles of sustainable tourism.

Banks are financial institutions that play a very important role in the economy and continue to innovate by developing various new forms and services. Spin-offs of Sharia Business Units (UUS) are a new method in the world of Islamic banking with the aim of becoming independent Islamic banks in conducting business activities based on sharia principles. The spin-off of the SBU is one of the main focuses of Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector. Furthermore, referring to the provisions in Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 12 of 2023 concerning Sharia Business Units, conventional banks can carry out banking activities in accordance with sharia principles by being required to open an SBU. This shows that the UUS is a unit that remains part of the conventional bank, and the provisions governing its activities, even though they are carried out by conventional banks, must still follow sharia principles, including prohibiting interest-based transactions. This study shows that spin-offs of UUS have great potential to drive the growth of Islamic banking. A spin-off is a company's decision to restructure, which has various legal implications. Although spin-offs of Islamic banks have the potential to improve the performance of Islamic banking, government policies that require spin-offs without considering the specific context of each bank can hinder the development of this sector. The implementation of mandatory spin-off policies needs to be balanced with more comprehensive government policy support.

Blood sugar regulation problems such as diabetes are increasing, so sustainable management is needed. Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) are tropical plants that have potential as traditional blood sugar management through the content of phytochemical compounds contained therein. This article aims to review the potential of kersen leaves in blood sugar management and its implications in the wellness tourism approach. The method used is a literature review of scientific literature, especially the last five years related to the phytochemical content and antihyperglycemic activity of kersen leaves, as well as their implications in wellness tourism. The results of the literature review through in vivo and in vivo approaches show that kersen leaves contain potential phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins that are able to regulate blood sugar by preventing the oxidation process of important molecules by free radicals, suppressing oxidative stress, inhibiting carbohydrate enzymes, increasing insulin production, and suppressing the glycogenolysis process. In the context of wellness tourism, kersen leaves as a herbal plant can be used as a healthy drink and have the potential to be studied further in the development of wellness tourism, especially related to herbal medicine.

Children living in coastal areas face various challenges in developing their literacy and creative potential due to limited access to non-formal educational facilities and adequate learning resources. This condition results in low stimulation of reading, writing, communication, and creative expression skills from an early age. This community service activity aims to develop the potential of coastal children through basic literacy learning and community-based creative arts in Wawatu Village, North Moramo District, South Konawe Regency. The method applied is a community-based participatory approach with an experiential learning design, actively involving children in various educational activities such as shared reading, storytelling, drawing, coloring, singing, reading children’s poetry, and group-based educational games. Data were collected through participatory observation, brief interviews with children, parents, and community leaders, as well as simple questionnaires to assess participants’ responses and satisfaction levels. The results indicate high enthusiasm among the children, with most participants stating that they were very happy and happy to take part in the entire series of activities. The children became more active in interacting, more confident in expressing their opinions, and showed increased interest in reading and artistic activities. In addition, parents and community leaders expressed positive responses, as the program was considered to provide a contextual and meaningful alternative learning experience. This activity demonstrates that the integration of basic literacy learning and community-based creative arts is an effective approach to holistically developing the cognitive, social, and emotional abilities of coastal children while strengthening the role of the community in supporting children’s sustainable growth and development.

This study aims to identify and analyze multimodal utterances in WhatsApp stickers that potentially contain legal implications. The approaches used in this study consist of methodological and theoretical approaches. This study employs a qualitative descriptive methodological approach, while the theoretical approach applied is forensic linguistics. The data in this study consist of WhatsApp stickers containing elements of insults, hate speech related to SARA (ethnicity, religion, race, and intergroup issues), and threats. The data were obtained from WhatsApp conversations whose owners had given consent for their use as research data. The data collection methods and techniques employed include the observation method with the basic technique of tapping and advanced techniques in the form of non-participant observation, screenshotting, and note-taking. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the matching method and distributional method. The results show that all thirty three collected data potentially contain legal implications. Twenty data have the potential to violate Article 27A of Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning defamation or attacks on a person’s honor through electronic media. Seven data potentially violate Article 28 paragraph (2) of Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning hate speech and SARA-related content. Meanwhile, six of the data potentially violate Article 29 of Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning threats and intimidation through electronic media.

Taman burung di kawasan perkotaan merupakan salah satu strategi integrasi lanskap ekosistem yang mampu mendukung keberlanjutan lingkungan sekaligus meningkatkan kualitas ruang hijau kota. Penelitian ini mengkaji Taman 3 Generasi Balikpapan sebagai studi kasus untuk mengevaluasi sejauh mana elemen desain lanskapnya memenuhi kriteria taman burung yang ramah ekosistem. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui observasi langsung dan analisis, penelitian menilai aspek struktural (jalur, kontur, elemen air, tempat berlindung, dan fasilitas pendukung) serta aspek vegetatif (jenis dan fungsi vegetasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar elemen fisik Taman 3 Generasi telah sesuai dengan prinsip desain taman burung, terutama pada keberadaan elemen air, rumah burung, serta vegetasi yang menyediakan sumber makanan dan tempat berlindung. Namun, keterbatasan variasi kontur dan spesies tanaman tertentu masih menjadi faktor yang perlu ditingkatkan untuk memperkuat fungsi ekologisnya. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Taman 3 Generasi memiliki potensi sebagai model integrasi desain lanskap ekosistem pada taman burung perkotaan, sekaligus memberikan kontribusi bagi konservasi biodiversitas dan peningkatan kualitas lingkungan hidup di kawasan urban.

Melihat keterbatasan fasilitas dan  potensi alam di Indonesia, sangat disayangkan Sekolah Alam belum cukup populer di Indonesia. Presentase sekolah dasar berbasis alam di kota Yogyakarta hanyalah 0,001 dari keselurahan sekolah dasar yang tercatat oleh Kementrian Pendidikan. Dipandang dari konteks perancangan, penerapan pola desain biofilik pada Sekolah Dasar dapat menjadi strategi yang tepat untuk mengebangkan dan memajukan kualitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Makalah ini mengkaji penerapan pola desain biofilik yang ada pada SD IT Alam Nurul Islam, Yogyakarta sebagai salah satu pionir Sekolah Alam  di Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan berupa deskriptif kualitatif yang didasari oleh kajian literatur mengenai desain biofilik dan turunannya. 

Ekstrak tumbuhan dari famili Lauraceae diketahui memiliki potensi neurofarmakologi melalui kandungan metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, terpenoid, dan senyawa fenolik. Persea palustris (Swamp Bay) merupakan anggota genus Persea yang masih terbatas kajian ilmiahnya, khususnya terkait efek neurofarmakologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efek neurofarmakologi ekstrak daun Swamp Bay (Persea palustris) terhadap mencit jantan pada berbagai konsentrasi. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan ekstrak daun yang diperoleh melalui metode infusa dan diuji pada konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 4%. Hewan uji berupa mencit jantan dibagi ke dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan, kemudian diamati respons sistem saraf pusat dan sistem saraf otonom melalui parameter perilaku dan fisiologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun P. palustris memberikan efek neurofarmakologi yang bervariasi dan bersifat dose-dependent. Konsentrasi 1% cenderung menunjukkan efek stimulasi ringan, konsentrasi 2% menampilkan kecenderungan sedatif ringan hingga sedang, sedangkan konsentrasi 4% menghasilkan spektrum efek yang lebih luas, termasuk relaksasi otot dan aktivitas analeptik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun Swamp Bay berpotensi sebagai agen neuromodulator alami dan layak untuk diteliti lebih lanjut secara fitokimia dan mekanistik.  

Pemanfaatan tanaman obat sebagai sumber agen neurofarmakologis alami semakin mendapat perhatian seiring meningkatnya prevalensi gangguan sistem saraf dan keterbatasan penggunaan obat sintetis. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi namun masih terbatas kajian ilmiahnya adalah Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa), yang secara tradisional digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun Kesambi terhadap efek neurofarmakologi, serta mengidentifikasi pola respons dosis dan konsentrasi paling efektif dalam memodulasi sistem saraf pusat dan otonom. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan hewan uji yang dibagi ke dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Ekstrak daun Kesambi diperoleh melalui metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut akuades dan diberikan secara per oral pada konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 4%. Evaluasi efek neurofarmakologis dilakukan melalui skrining perilaku terhadap delapan parameter, yaitu parasimpatomimetik, stimulasi sistem saraf pusat, depresi sistem saraf pusat, simpatolitik, relaksasi otot, simpatomimetik, parasimpatiolitik, dan analeptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun Kesambi menimbulkan variasi respons neurofarmakologis yang dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi. Konsentrasi 4% memberikan efek paling dominan pada sebagian besar parameter, khususnya depresi sistem saraf pusat, relaksasi otot, dan modulasi sistem saraf otonom, sedangkan konsentrasi 2% menunjukkan efek stimulasi sistem saraf pusat yang optimal. Temuan ini menunjukkan potensi ekstrak daun Kesambi sebagai neuromodulator.