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The research aims to analyze the novel Rain by Tere Liye using an expressive literary criticism approach. This approach focuses on how the author’s personal experiences, feelings, and ideas contained in the work are reflected in the characters, plot, and language style used in the novel. This research uses qualitative methods with text analysis techniques and literature study to understand the meaning and messages contained in the novel. The result of the analysis show that the novel Rain contains the author’s emotional expression through dialogue, characters and narrative structure, which reflects the author’s inner struggles and life experiences. This research provides deeper insight into how literary works can be a medium for the writer’s personal expression that is able to influence readers emotionally.

This research is motivated by the problem of the lack of community participation in developing marine ritual traditions, as well as the limited sources that prove the importance of the annual marine ritual. This type of research is historical research with a qualitative approach and descriptive narrative method. This research includes heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and writing stages. Data sources used include journals discussing marine ritual traditions in Pelanduk Village, Mandah District, as well as annual observations before the month of Muharram, in-depth interviews with people in charge of marine rituals, and literature studies. The marine ritual tradition in Pelanduk Village is a cultural heritage passed down from generation to generation by coastal communities in Mandah District, Riau Province. This ritual is carried out as an expression of gratitude to God Almighty and respect for the sea as a source of life. This study aims to explore the history, implementation process, meaning, and role of marine ritual traditions in the lives of local communities. The results show that marine rituals contain strong spiritual, social, and ecological values. This ritual involves various cultural symbols, such as offerings, collective prayers, and traditional ceremonies that reflect the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. This study concludes that sea rituals are a cultural heritage that strengthens the identity of coastal communities.

Research using Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics in animated films is based on his triadic approach, namely icons, indexes, and symbols, which are used to understand the hidden meaning in every visual and narrative sign. In the context of film analysis, semiotics functions as a tool to dismantle and understand the structure and meaning contained in visual and narrative elements. This analysis can be done using Peirce's icon, index, and symbol approach. Researchers see how these signs play a role in forming the film's main theme or message. Researchers interpret the meaning of these signs in the social, cultural, or ideological context represented by the animated film. This approach is important for understanding how animated films reflect or influence social views on the themes discussed, such as the role of mothers or families. This interpretation also involves analyzing whether these signs contain social criticism or certain moral messages. Based on the results of the analysis, the audience not only sees the mother as a character but also as a symbol of inspiring strength, which can ultimately shape the audience's perception of the importance of the role of mothers in everyday life. Indirectly, the peace that occurs because there is a strong mother figure in carrying out the rebellion, the strength that was born within her because of the sad circumstances of life, the heartbreaking loss, the circumstances full of suffering. From the film it can be seen that the strength and sacrifice of a mother is extraordinary.

The film Filosofi Kopi is a literary work that raises coffee as a metaphor, symbol, and narrative element of Coffee as part of global and local culture in Indonesia. This work not only offers interesting fictional stories, but also to analyze Tiwus copies from Java, using a qualitative approach with a method of analyzing literary texts that include thematic, stylistic, and intertextual aspects. This research seeks to understand how elements that have philosophical values that describe life, struggle, and social care. The results of the analysis show that the main themes of this are struggle, care and social interaction, which is reflected through a cup of coffee between the characters. Coffee is often presented as a representation of human relations, existence describes the daily dynamics in society, which connects existentialism, harmony, and reflection in life in a literary work. Presenting a diversity of meanings, starting from simple life symbols and human relationships. This research contributes to a deep understanding of how a cup of coffee can be raised into a theme and title that contains rich meaning and significance in the study of a literature

The short story "Robohnya Surau Kami" by Ali Akbar Navis is a literary work that is rich in meaning and moral values. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements that make up this short story, including theme, characterization, plot, setting and language style, as well as exploring the moral values ​​contained in it. Through this analysis, it was found that the main theme of this short story is about social responsibility and egoism in society. The strong characterizations, especially those of Grandpa Garin and Ajo Sidi, depict the conflict between spiritual obligations and responsibility towards the family. A storyline that uses a backwards technique provides depth to the narrative, while settings depicting people's daily lives add relevant social context. The language style used by Navis, with figures of speech and cynicism, provides sharp criticism of people's behavior. The moral values ​​that can be taken from this short story include the importance of social awareness, balance between worship and responsibility, as well as criticism of selfish attitudes. Thus, this short story not only functions as entertainment, but also as a reflection for readers to reflect on attitudes and behavior in everyday life.

This study examines social norms in the short story "Good Morning, Unemployed!" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma using a literary sociology approach. This work describes the dynamics of the life of an unemployed person who is often the target of community stigma. Social norms, such as the pressure to be economically independent and the hope of success, are examined through the narratives and characters in this short story. The study reveals the psychological impact of stigma, unfair access to opportunities, and the importance of solidarity amid social pressure. This analysis shows the role of short stories as a medium of reflection and criticism of social reality that is often overlooked. With a qualitative descriptive approach, this study emphasizes the relevance of social issues in literature as a reflection and driver of public awareness.

Social Media, as a growing persuasive communication environment, provides space for different types of persuasive communication that influence ideas, perception, and dissemination of information. Social Media, as an online platform with fast messaging speeds, is shaping a new communication landscape. In its development closely linked to communication technologies, social media provided a space for users to share ideas and information, creating virtual communities. Despite providing advantages such as marketing and global interaction, social media has also come under criticism for the spread of false information and negative social phenomena. This study used qualitative analysis method with primary data obtained from textbooks, journals, and documents, while secondary data were analyzed through content analysis. Social Media is becoming an important tool in the context of politics, by influencing digital literacy, political education, public opinion, raising support, and developing political communication skills. In terms of information dissemination, persuasive communication on social media can shape opinions through social campaigns and persuasive messages. social media has changed the way we communicate, shape opinions, and influence behavior. Persuasive communication plays a central role in shaping collective narratives, influencing ideas, and driving action. In the complexities of social media, managing persuasive communication ethically is key to achieving positive impact.

No Longer Human novel is a literature study that tells the life journey of a young man who lives in the real world. This story will be related to today's era, reflecting social criticism with the surrounding influences that make the most hypocritical living beings and easily lead to bad things. This novel, which tells the story of a young man's crisis, also has a psychological influence on the author in the process of making it. The process analysis, No Longer Human novel uses a qualitative descriptive method by collecting the data and processing it by reading the story thoroughly and analyzing the qualitative narrative. The results of the study represent the story of Oba Yozo's theatrical story and his regrets as well as the figure of speech used in Osamu Dazai's art, including (1) Idiomatic (2) Alliteration (3) Onomatopoeia (4) Personification (5) Simile (6) Metaphor (7) Hyperbole. Based on the analysis, it is found that the expression to beautify a literature study used by the author, the enrichment and disposition of the language used and the meaning of the story about fear and the harshness of the world make this Japanese novel in demand by connoisseurs of psychology or sociology genre novels.

Every literature consists of Story and Plot, or should I say, series of events. While the Story is about what happened literally, the Plot is more about how the narrator explains what happened. Aristotle alleged that the Plot and Structure were the most important elements in of a Tragedy (Poetics VI,5; VII,1). However, the success of a story also depends on the rendering of Character (Poetics VI,5). Therefore, the study about Characters in  Narrative  Criticism  is  necessary  to  conclude  the  exploration  of  a literature.  Gospel  of  Mark,  as  presented  in  this  paper  is  through  and through a story. Study of plot and structure in it, therefore, is necessary to build the sufficient base for study of character. This research paper is dedicated mainly on plot of the Gospel of Mark, particularly Mark 4,35-8,30. To understand the plot, it is essential to know the style and context of the literature at hand, facts about the author and the setting of the story.