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This study examines the reclamation plan of PT. Z for the 2023–2027 period with the aim of assessing the technical feasibility, ecological effectiveness, and alignment with national reclamation regulations. A descriptive-quantitative approach was employed through field observations, analysis of geomorphological conditions, evaluation of topsoil management, assessment of revegetation performance, and review of key environmental documents. The planned land disturbance reaches 138.53 ha, with reclamation focused on the disposal and topsoil areas covering 29.67 ha, as the mining pit remains active. Reclamation activities include land recontouring, topsoil spreading, erosion control, establishment of Legume Cover Crops (LCC), and planting of local species such as Rukam. The results indicate that the implemented strategies effectively enhance soil stability, improve vegetation cover, and support ecosystem recovery. Furthermore, the reclamation program meets the key performance criteria set by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, with vegetation cover exceeding 90% and stable slope conditions. Challenges remain, particularly related to sedimentation management and the absence of pit reclamation during the active mining phase. Overall, the study concludes that PT. Z has developed and executed a reclamation plan that reflects good mining practices and environmental stewardship, contributing to the long-term sustainability of post-mining land use.

The research aims to determine red onion plants' growth and production response (Allium cepa L.) on Planting Distance Treatment and Eco enzyme Concentration. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatment factors. The first factor is the Planting Distance treatment consisting of 3 levels, namely J1 = 15 cm x 15 cm, J2 = 20 cm x 15 cm, and J3 = 25 cm x 15 cm. The second factor is the Eco enzyme Concentration, consisting of 3 levels, namely E1 = 0.8 ml ee / 240 ml water, E2 = 1.6 ml ee / 240 ml water, and E3 = 2.4 ml ee / 240 ml water. The study results showed that the Planting Distance treatment significantly affected root length and tuber diameter per sample. However, they had no significant effect on fresh tuber weight on the growth and production of shallots. The Eco enzyme concentration treatment had no significant effect on all observation treatments. The interaction between Planting Distance and the Eco enzyme concentration had no significant effect on all observation treatments.

The research aims to determine red onion plants' growth and production response (Allium cepa L.) on Planting Distance Treatment and Eco enzyme Concentration. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatment factors. The first factor is the Planting Distance treatment consisting of 3 levels, namely J1 = 15 cm x 15 cm, J2 = 20 cm x 15 cm, and J3 = 25 cm x 15 cm. The second factor is the Eco enzyme Concentration, consisting of 3 levels, namely E1 = 0.8 ml ee / 240 ml water, E2 = 1.6 ml ee / 240 ml water, and E3 = 2.4 ml ee / 240 ml water. The study results showed that the Planting Distance treatment significantly affected root length and tuber diameter per sample. However, they had no significant effect on fresh tuber weight on the growth and production of shallots. The Eco enzyme concentration treatment had no significant effect on all observation treatments. The interaction between Planting Distance and the Eco enzyme concentration had no significant effect on all observation treatments.

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan meningkatkan pendapatan petani sawit rakyat selama masa replanting dengan metode tumpang sari, untuk mengoptimalkan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyuluhan, diskusi, dan kunjungan ke kelompok tani di Desa Jaharun, Kecamatan Galang, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. Program ini mengedukasi petani mengenai tanaman hortikultura, rempah, dan tanaman bernilai ekonomis lain yang dapat ditanam di sela kelapa sawit. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tumpang sari memberikan pendapatan tambahan. Petani memilih ubi kayu dan pisang barangan karena cocok dengan kondisi agroklimat lokal dan memiliki pasar yang stabil. Simpulan pengabdian ini meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan petani dalam memanfaatkan lahan secara produktif dan berkelanjutan. Kontribusi keilmuan kegiatan ini adalah membuktikan efektivitas tumpang sari dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan lokal dan kesejahteraan petani selama replanting kelapa sawit.

This study aims to describe the ethnomathematics activities carried out by corn farmers in Tegal Arum Village. The approach used is qualitative with an ethnographic method, with data collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation from two farmers who are knowledgeable in traditional corn farming practices. The main focus of this study is to identify the application of basic mathematical concepts, such as counting, measuring, and calculating, in their daily farming activities. The results show that the farmers in Tegal Arum Village apply mathematics in a contextual form, derived from experiences and practices passed down through generations. For example, they calculate the seed requirements, estimate the number of laborers and planting time, and measure the harvest using local units like sacks and handfuls. These activities reflect the relevant application of ethnomathematics, which can be integrated into contextual mathematics learning in schools. The findings indicate that mathematics is not only taught in a formal setting in schools but also naturally develops in the community's daily life, especially through farming activities. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to serve as a reference in the development of a local culture-based curriculum that connects mathematics learning to real-life contexts.

Organic agriculture plays a vital role in Indonesia’s agricultural development, with a key challenge being how to boost productivity efficiently and sustainably. Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) derived from natural materials provides an eco-friendly option to improve soil fertility and crop yields. Bamboo shoots (Bambusa spp.), rich in organic carbon and gibberellin, present strong potential as LOF raw material to support plant growth. This study evaluated the effect of bamboo shoot-based LOF on the growth and yield of white radish (Raphanus sativus). The research was conducted from May to August 2025 in Kalolok, Batupapan Village, Tana Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi, at an altitude of 775 m. LOF was produced by fermenting 200 kg of ground bamboo shoots with 4 kg palm sugar, 1 liter EM4, and 200 liters water for 14 days. Treatments consisted of 0, 100, 200, and 300 ml per liter of water, applied twice at two-week intervals starting 14 days after planting. Using a randomized block design with four treatments and three replications, variables observed included plant height, leaf number, tuber size, and yield. Results showed that 300 ml/liter LOF gave the best outcomes: tallest plants (27 cm), most leaves (15.89), largest tubers (29.37 cm length; 6.06 cm diameter), and highest weight (731 g/plant; 6936.67 g/plot). These effects are linked to balanced nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca) enhancing vegetative growth and tuber development. Thus, bamboo shoot-based LOF at 300 ml/liter is recommended as an effective organic fertilizer for white radish.

Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) is a compulsory activity for university students as a form of community engagement and application of academic knowledge in real life. One of the work programs carried out was the education and cultivation of Family Medicinal Plants (Tanaman Obat Keluarga/TOGA), which aimed to improve the knowledge and practical skills of the community in Telaga Sam Sam Village, Kandis District, in cultivating and utilizing TOGA. Family medicinal plants have long been known to possess great potential as an alternative treatment for common illnesses such as fever, cough, stomachache, and skin itching, making them highly relevant to daily community health needs.The program was implemented through counseling sessions, interactive discussions, training, and hands-on practice of planting TOGA in the residents’ yards. The community actively participated in recognizing, cultivating, and maintaining various types of medicinal plants such as ginger, turmeric, galangal, lemongrass, and betel leaf. In addition to enhancing understanding, this activity encouraged households to practice simple herbal preparation techniques for family use.The results of the program showed a significant increase in community awareness regarding the importance of utilizing TOGA as a primary step in maintaining family health, while also contributing to the creation of a greener, cleaner, and healthier living environment. Furthermore, the activity not only improved community knowledge but also strengthened independence and self-reliance in utilizing local resources to support sustainable health practices.

Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) is a compulsory activity for university students as a form of community engagement and application of academic knowledge in real life. One of the work programs carried out was the education and cultivation of Family Medicinal Plants (Tanaman Obat Keluarga/TOGA), which aimed to improve the knowledge and practical skills of the community in Telaga Sam Sam Village, Kandis District, in cultivating and utilizing TOGA. Family medicinal plants have long been known to possess great potential as an alternative treatment for common illnesses such as fever, cough, stomachache, and skin itching, making them highly relevant to daily community health needs.The program was implemented through counseling sessions, interactive discussions, training, and hands-on practice of planting TOGA in the residents’ yards. The community actively participated in recognizing, cultivating, and maintaining various types of medicinal plants such as ginger, turmeric, galangal, lemongrass, and betel leaf. In addition to enhancing understanding, this activity encouraged households to practice simple herbal preparation techniques for family use.The results of the program showed a significant increase in community awareness regarding the importance of utilizing TOGA as a primary step in maintaining family health, while also contributing to the creation of a greener, cleaner, and healthier living environment. Furthermore, the activity not only improved community knowledge but also strengthened independence and self-reliance in utilizing local resources to support sustainable health practices.

Desa Kareo, Serang Regency, faces environmental challenges due to the dominance of industrial activities, resulting in a lack of green spaces and increased air temperatures. This situation prompted the implementation of a greening program as a form of community service to support the improvement of the village's environmental quality. The program was carried out using a participatory approach, involving residents in identifying critical land areas, planting seedlings (BIVIT), and post-planting maintenance. Greening efforts focused on open lands, roadside areas, and public facilities that were previously barren. The results showed an improvement in the visual comfort of the environment, a reduction in barren areas, and increased community participation in preserving the plants. These findings confirm that locally collaborative greening initiatives have significant potential to restore environmental quality, especially in areas heavily impacted by industrial activities. Reforestation efforts focused on previously barren open spaces, roadsides, and public facilities. These previously unproductive lands now serve as green spaces that provide ecological benefits, such as carbon sequestration and improved air quality. Furthermore, tree planting has a positive impact on lowering local temperatures, a crucial issue given the increasing temperature levels associated with urbanization and industrial activity. The reforestation program demonstrated significant improvements in environmental visual comfort, a reduction in barren areas, and increased community participation in caring for the planted plants. The community members involved in the program demonstrated a sense of ownership of their environment and a commitment to maintaining the sustainability of the planted plants. These findings confirm that reforestation initiatives involving local collaboration have significant potential to restore environmental quality, particularly in areas impacted by industrial activity. With this program, it is hoped that the quality of life of the Kareo Village community will improve as the ecological balance in the area is maintained.

A research project entitled Optimisation of Gandasil D Use to Increase Kale (Barassica Oleracea Var. Acephala) Productivity in Hydroponic Systems was conducted at the Pakkea Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, North Toraja Regency, from March to June 2025. This research project aims to determine the response of Ab mix nutrients and Gandasil D fertiliser in the DFT system to the growth and production of kale plants. The method used in this study was a randomised block design (RAK) with 6 levels of Gandasil D concentration. (KO = Control), (K1 = 0.5 grams/litre of water), (K2 = 1 gram/litre of water), (K3 = 1.5 grams/litre of water), (K4 = 2 grams/litre of water), (K5 = 2.5 grams/litre of water) with 3 replications and with AB MIX concentrations, 0 to 7 days after planting = 400 ppm, 8 to 14 days after planting = 600 ppm, 15 to 21 days after planting = 800 ppm, 22 to 28 days after planting = 1000 ppm, 29 to 35 days after planting = 1200 ppm, 36 days and onwards until harvest = 1500 ppm. The variables observed in this study were plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, and plant stem diameter. The results showed that a concentration of Gandasil D 2.5 grams/litre of water gave the best results with an average plant height of 37.93 cm, 12.56 leaves, leaf length of 24.16 cm, leaf width of 14.31 cm, stem diameter of 11.69 mm, and harvest weight of 232.89/plant. The data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by a post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05. The analysis of the feasibility of farming showed an R/C ratio of 1.03, which means that kale cultivation using a hydroponic system and the aforementioned nutrient concentration is feasible and profitable.

Successful pollination in oil palm depends heavily on the availability of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinator insects that require anthesis male flowers as habitat and food sources. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between anthesis male flower availability on E. kamerunicus beetle population and its impact on parthenocarpy bunch formation at PT. Graha Inti Jaya, Central Kalimantan. Observational method with descriptive and correlational approaches was conducted on 484.57 hectares of oil palm plants varieties Socfindo and Lonsum planted in 2007-2008 during February-July 2025 period. Data collection included anthesis male flower census, beetle population monitoring using yellow traps, and parthenocarpy bunch analysis from mill sorting. Data analysis used linear regression, Pearson correlation, and two-way ANOVA with 95% confidence level. Results showed significant relationship between anthesis male flower availability and E. kamerunicus beetle population (R² = 0.728, p < 0.05), where each unit increase of anthesis male flower increased beetle population by 2,667 individuals per hectare. However, relationship between beetle population and parthenocarpy bunches was not significant (R² = 0.114, p > 0.05), indicating complexity of pollination factors. Variety and planting year differences showed no significant effect. This study recommends maintaining anthesis male flower availability >5% per hectare for optimal natural pollinator beetle population.

The purpose of this article is to explain the values ​​of Islamic religious education contained in the Ari Ana Mahun tradition in the people of Negeri Kilkoda, Gorom Island District, East Seram Regency. A unique tradition called Ari Ana Mahun or children's maulid is found in Negeri Kilkoda, Gorom Islands, East Seram Regency. Different from the usual commemoration of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday, this tradition is carried out 15 days before the month of Ramadan as a form of respect for children or family members who have died. The community believes that prayers and prepared food will make the spirits happy, as well as being a medium for maintaining Islamic cultural heritage. This tradition is carried out once a year and is passed down from generation to generation. In addition to being a form of respect, Ari Ana Mahun is a means of education for the community to preserve Islamic traditions and strengthen religious values. These values ​​are instilled from generation to generation so that the community maintains their cultural and spiritual identity. This paper aims to describe the values ​​of Islamic education contained in it. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that this tradition involves determining the date, preparing traditional food, visiting graves, decorating the containers, reciting prayers together, giving alms to children, and planting a raung (a symbol of Islam) at the graves. The Islamic educational values ​​contained include monotheism, worship, morals, silaturahmi (silaturahmi), instilling religious values ​​from an early age, and preserving Islamic culture.

The purpose of this article is to explain the values ​​of Islamic religious education contained in the Ari Ana Mahun tradition in the people of Negeri Kilkoda, Gorom Island District, East Seram Regency. A unique tradition called Ari Ana Mahun or children's maulid is found in Negeri Kilkoda, Gorom Islands, East Seram Regency. Different from the usual commemoration of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday, this tradition is carried out 15 days before the month of Ramadan as a form of respect for children or family members who have died. The community believes that prayers and prepared food will make the spirits happy, as well as being a medium for maintaining Islamic cultural heritage. This tradition is carried out once a year and is passed down from generation to generation. In addition to being a form of respect, Ari Ana Mahun is a means of education for the community to preserve Islamic traditions and strengthen religious values. These values ​​are instilled from generation to generation so that the community maintains their cultural and spiritual identity. This paper aims to describe the values ​​of Islamic education contained in it. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that this tradition involves determining the date, preparing traditional food, visiting graves, decorating the containers, reciting prayers together, giving alms to children, and planting a raung (a symbol of Islam) at the graves. The Islamic educational values ​​contained include monotheism, worship, morals, silaturahmi (silaturahmi), instilling religious values ​​from an early age, and preserving Islamic culture.

This research discusses the effect of coconut dregs compost (Cocos nucifera L.) on the growth and yield of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivated using polybag media. This research is motivated by the importance of utilizing organic waste, especially coconut dregs, which has not been utilized optimally. Coconut dregs contain organic materials and nutrients that have the potential to increase soil fertility and improve the structure of the planting medium, so it is expected to support the vegetative and generative growth of tomato plants. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments given were different doses of coconut dregs compost, namely P0 (control without compost), P1 (100 g/polybag), P2 (200 g/polybag), P3 (300 g/polybag), P4 (400 g/polybag), and P5 (500 g/polybag). The parameters observed included plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, number of fruits per plant, root length, and estimated yield per hectare. The results showed that the application of coconut pulp compost significantly affected several growth parameters, such as plant height, stem diameter, and fresh weight. However, no significant effect was found on the number of fruits per plant or yield per hectare. The most prominent response was seen in the root length parameter, which showed a significant increase with increasing compost dosage. From the observations, the best treatment was at a dosage of 300 g/polybag (P3), which provided an optimal balance between vegetative growth and potential generative yield.

The use of organic materials as fertilizers is an important effort to improve soil fertility and crop productivity sustainably. Gliricidia sepium (gamal leaves) is a leguminous plant rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and contains bioactive compounds and microbes that support plant growth. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from fermented gamal leaves offers advantages including ease of application, high nutrient absorption by plants, and environmental friendliness compared to synthetic chemical fertilizers that may cause pollution and other negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LOF from gamal leaves on the growth and yield of Japanese cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, UKI Toraja, South Sulawesi, from April to July 2025. The LOF was produced by fermenting gamal leaves for 15 days using EM-4 solution and palm sugar as activators. The LOF was applied three times at two-week intervals, starting at 7 days after planting (DAP), by soil drenching around the base of the plants. Observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant and per plot, average fruit diameter and length, and fruit weight per plant and per plot. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that application of LOF from gamal leaves at a dose of 300 ml per plant produced the best results across all observed parameters, including plant height, leaf number and area, stem diameter, fruit number, fruit size, and fruit weight per plant and per plot.

Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) is a community service program integrated into the higher education curriculum, aiming for students to apply theoretical knowledge into real-world practice and contribute to community development and empowerment. This KKN activity was carried out in Dusun IV, Tuntungan II Village, Deli Serdang Regency, from July 1 to August 1, 2025. The main objective of this program was to address various local issues such as limited use of appropriate technology, low environmental awareness, and a lack of human resource development. The method used was field observation to ensure that the programs implemented were in line with the community's needs and potential. Various activities were carried out, including community clean-up (gotong royong), teaching at elementary schools, health counseling for mothers and the elderly, Qur'an recitation lessons for children, compost making, planting a "living pharmacy" (apotek hidup), and assisting with UMKM product marketing. The results of this program showed a positive impact, such as increased community knowledge of health, environmental cleanliness, and the use of organic fertilizer. Furthermore, UMKM assistance successfully improved business owners' understanding of digital marketing. Overall, this KKN activity successfully created synergy between the university, the village government, and the community, while also providing valuable experience for students in leadership and teamwork.

Mangroves play a crucial strategic role in maintaining coastal ecosystem balance, serving as habitats for aquatic organisms and functioning as natural biofilters that help reduce pollution. Nevertheless, mangrove degradation in Indonesia, including in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, remains a significant challenge caused by human activities such as aquaculture expansion, settlement growth, and industrial development. Muara Badak Ulu Village, located within this regency, possesses extensive mangrove resources that require integrated conservation strategies. This community service program was carried out in collaboration with the Salo Sumbala Forest Farmers Group (KTH) to promote conservation, sustainable economic development, and local community empowerment. The activities included the installation of educational banners, community-based mangrove replanting, and the production of a profile video highlighting local potential. Over a 40-day period, these initiatives received enthusiastic responses from local residents, reflecting increased awareness of the ecological and economic importance of mangroves. The program emphasized participatory approaches, where local community members, particularly KTH, were actively engaged in every stage of planning and implementation. Beyond ecological benefits, the initiative is expected to support sustainable management of non-timber forest products, enhance economic opportunities, and strengthen environmental stewardship among coastal communities. Overall, this program demonstrates that community-driven mangrove conservation can generate multiple impacts: restoring degraded ecosystems, fostering collective awareness, and building resilience in coastal areas facing environmental challenges. Thus, the collaboration between higher education institutions and local communities provides a practical model for achieving sustainable development and environmental preservation.

The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) conducted by Mulawarman University in Muara Badak Ulu Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, focused on introducing and strengthening the existence of the Muara Berau Biccu Forest Farmers Group (Kelompok Tani Hutan/KTH) to the wider community. This group plays an important role as a community forum for managing forests in a sustainable and equitable manner, encompassing the utilization of both timber and non-timber forest products. As part of the program, the students designed and implemented several activities aimed at raising public awareness and encouraging participation. The methods included creating an identity signboard for KTH as an official symbol of recognition, installing educational boards highlighting the importance of mangrove planting for coastal ecosystems, conducting mangrove planting using the silvofishery system that integrates environmental sustainability with aquaculture productivity, and developing a blog as a digital information platform accessible to the public. Through these initiatives, the program sought to enhance community knowledge about the ecological functions of mangrove forests, the importance of sustainable pond management for long-term productivity, and the benefits of having an online information medium to promote, document, and expand the networks of KTH Muara Berau Biccu. The results demonstrated an increased level of environmental awareness among community members, active participation in mangrove planting activities, and the establishment of a new communication medium that has the potential to strengthen the group’s position at both local and regional levels. Overall, the KKN program contributed significantly to supporting sustainable community-based forest and coastal resource management.

Oil palm plantations play a vital role in Indonesia’s economy; however, the dominance of monoculture practices has led to environmental and social issues such as land degradation and unstable farmer incomes during the replanting period until the first harvest (TM1). To address these challenges, the oil palm–pineapple intercropping system has been developed as an alternative strategy to improve land-use efficiency, income diversification, and farming sustainability. This study aims to: (1) analyze the influence of land size, farmer age, farming experience, and rainfall on the productivity of the intercropping system; (2) develop sustainable landscape management strategies using SWOT and SWOT matrix analysis; and (3) provide data-driven policy recommendations to support sustainable oil palm plantations. The research methods include multiple linear regression analysis for socio-economic variables, correlation analysis for environmental factors (rainfall), and SWOT analysis to evaluate Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats  of the intercropping system. The results indicate that land size has a significant positive effect on production, while farming experience shows a significant negative effect. Rainfall has a strong positive correlation with yields, and SWOT analysis positions the intercropping system in a progressive quadrant with promising Opportunities for development. In conclusion, the oil palm–pineapple intercropping system has the potential to enhance productivity, stabilize farmer incomes, and support environmental sustainability. Therefore, diversification-based management strategies and supportive policies are essential to Strengthen the welfare of local communities.

Community Service (Kukerta) is a form of student community service that aims to apply knowledge, build social awareness, and encourage positive change in the surrounding environment. This article discusses the role of Kukerta Group 44 students from UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten in environmental conservation efforts and increasing educational awareness in Cibojong Village, Serang Regency. The majority of the population in Cibojong Village earn their living as farmers, but the agricultural produce obtained is generally only sufficient to meet daily needs, without guaranteeing long-term economic sustainability. Therefore, students educate the community through guidance from the BPP (Agricultural Extension Center), about learning to farm for the long term, and invite them to join the farming community. In addition, the community’s education level is relatively low, with most children only completing elementary school. Through a participatory approach and qualitative descriptive methods, students implement various programs such as planting productive trees, waste management education, and socialization of sustainable agriculture. In the field of education, students hold tutoring activities, motivational classes, and literacy for village children and adolescents. The results of the activity show that the active involvement of students has a positive impact on increasing public awareness of the importance of protecting the environment and continuing education. Kukerta is an effective means of building collaboration between universities and village communities to address local challenges sustainably.