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The education system in Indonesia comprises a series of interconnected components and educational activities aimed at achieving national education goals. With the growing demands for educational reform, policies related to education have undergone several modifications. Every individual in the country has the right and obligation to attain a decent life; however, in reality, many are still unable to experience genuine well-being. This situation arises because the government and leaders tend to prioritize rights over fulfilling their responsibilities. The methodology employed is qualitative, The research findings indicate that the education policies implemented have not yet fully reached all segments of society, particularly vulnerable groups, despite the presence of public participation in forums such as Musrenbang. Moreover, the success of implementation largely depends on effective coordination between central and regional governments, as well as adequate socio-political support.

The Great Mosque of Tegal City is a historic building that has undergone numerous renovations since its establishment in 1825-1830. These renovations aimed not only to meet the functional and capacity needs of worshippers but also reflected modern architectural trends, occasionally compromising historical elements. This study employs a qualitative approach using documentation, observation, and literature synthesis methods to analyze the mosque's architectural changes. Using John Obert Voll's "continuity and change" theory, the research identifies the preserved original architectural elements and the modifications made. The findings reveal that while several original features, such as the mosque's core structure, remain intact, significant changes in renovations—such as the addition of floors, towers, and alterations to the gate design—have impacted the mosque's historical and aesthetic values. The study recommends the preservation of historical elements to maintain the mosque's cultural identity.

Competition within Indonesia's banking landscape, specifically at BSI KCP Purwokerto Karangkobar, necessitates flexible strategies to stay relevant. This research assesses how the utilization of SERVO (Strategy, Environment, Resources, Value, Organization) analysis impacts the performance of the firm. Employing qualitative descriptive techniques, information was gathered through comprehensive interviews, observations, and document reviews. Results reveal that strategies focusing on digital advancement, community engagement, and operational effectiveness are vital components. Cooperation among departments, particularly between gold services and microfinance, fosters social bonds and enhances transparency. The teller and security teams uphold service excellence through the consistent application of Standard Operating Procedures. The SERVO framework has shown to be effective in merging digital advancements with sharia principles within company operations, which enhances customer satisfaction and boosts competitiveness. Proactive modifications in response to evolving customer demands are essential for enhancing institutional effectiveness.

Mahdah worship holds a central position in Islamic teachings as a pure form of servitude to Allah SWT. Due to its tauqifi nature, the implementation of mahdah worship must strictly adhere to the provisions of the Sharia without additions or modifications. This study aims to examine and analyze specific fiqh principles that serve as guidelines in the practice of mahdah worship. A qualitative method with a library research approach was employed, through an in-depth review of classical and contemporary literature related to fiqh principles. The findings indicate that principles such as "the default rule in worship is tauqifi," "purity is not limited by time," and "no analogy (qiyas) applies to acts of worship whose rationale is unknown" function to safeguard the authenticity of worship practices from deviation. Understanding these principles is crucial to prevent innovations (bid‘ah) and to ensure that every act of worship remains aligned with Sharia directives. Furthermore, mastery of these principles assists muftis and jurists in issuing consistent and coherent fatwas. The implications of this study highlight the significance of fiqh education in strengthening the community’s awareness of authentic worship and providing a solid framework for evaluating religious practices amidst contemporary socio-religious dynamics.

Sustained-release tablets are pharmaceutical preparations designed to gradually release the active substance over a specific period, thereby maintaining a constant concentration of the drug in the circulatory system and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness.The development of sustained-release tablets aims to extend the duration of drug action, reduce the frequency of dose administration, and minimize fluctuations in drug levels in the plasma, which ultimately enhances patient compliance and treatment effectiveness, especially in chronic diseases.The purpose of this review is to identify various formulation methods and innovations in the production of sustained-release tablets, as well as to examine the factors that influence the success of these formulations.The method used in this study is a literature review that collects data from various scientific publications over the past five years through online platforms such as Google Scholar, using keywords related to matrix sustained-release tablets and pharmaceutical formulations.The results of the review indicate that various techniques, such as formulating polymer matrices, coating, and encapsulation, have been applied with varying degrees of success depending on the type of active ingredients and excipients used. Some formulation innovations, such as the use of natural polymer matrices and matrix modifications, have proven effective in achieving controlled, stable, and quality-standard-compliant drug release.

One of the key processes in the production of APAR cylinders is the welding of cylindrical plates, which is carried out using a Longitudinal Welding Cylinder machine and the CO₂ welding method. However, in practice, operators face several challenges, mainly due to the number of process steps that do not significantly contribute to the quantity or quality of the output, resulting in reduced productivity. This study aims to improve the productivity of the welding process through a series of improvements. The methods used include data analysis and root cause identification through the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) approach and Lean Six Sigma using the DMAIC stages (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Based on the Define stage, the initial OEE value was 67.49%, which is still far below the world-class standard of 85%. In the Measure stage, Pareto analysis revealed that the largest downtime (2,097 minutes or 40%) was caused by cycle time issues. Further analysis showed that activities such as material setup, additional plate placement, and additional plate cutting (totaling 85 seconds) could still be optimized. During the Improve stage, modifications were made, such as eliminating the additional plate cutting process and adding a stopper to ensure accurate welding alignment. These improvements successfully reduced the cycle time from 180 seconds to 120 seconds, thereby decreasing downtime and increasing the OEE value to 76.12%.

The utilization of clam shells as adsorbents has attracted considerable attention due to their ability to adsorb contaminants such as heavy metals, hazardous substances, and oil. Clam shells, which are composed mainly of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), possess a porous structure that favors adsorption. Calcium carbonate imparts alkaline properties that neutralize acidic effluents and promote the formation of precipitates. Physical and chemical modifications can enhance the surface area and porosity of the shell, thereby enlarging the active sites for contaminant sorption. Clam shells heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg, organic substances and can be used for oil spill remediation due to their hydrophobic and oleophilic properties. The calcination process converts the shells into a material that contaminants such as TSS, COD, and BOD. This utilization not only mitigates pollution but also creates opportunities for adsorbent products with economic value, especially in coastal areas where shell waste is abundant. However, this application must take into account ecological and health impacts, as overharvesting and non-environmentally friendly processing can damage the ecosystem. A sustainable approach with environmentally friendly regulations and technologies is essential to maximize the benefits of clam shells as adsorbents.  

Exploitation is an activity carried out to gain benefits by harming others arbitrarily without responsibility. Exploitation is a threat in the field of Cyber Security that not only poses risks but also jeopardizes an individual's security and privacy. According to data from the Institute of Internal Auditors, financial losses due to cybercrime exploitation worldwide reached 8 trillion US dollars in 2023. In Cyber Security, one exploitation technique involves using Remote Access methods to take over access rights and enable remote system control. Based on this issue, the author conducts research on Remote Access using three different target models based on the Windows operating system. These three targets will demonstrate how vulnerabilities in an operating system can be exploited to gain Remote Access. The method for testing Remote Access involves identifying the vulnerabilities available in the target system. The study employs three techniques: exploiting the ms17-010 vulnerability, utilizing the SmbGhost vulnerability, and using a backdoor. The results show that all three approaches successfully penetrated the target system and made modifications.

The popularity of futsal continues to increase among teenagers, but many players have not mastered basic skills and also lack physical abilities, which has an impact on playing skills on the field. This study aims to analyze the effect of circuit training modifications to improve futsal playing skills in futsal extracurricular students at SMA Negeri 19 Garut. The research method used was an experiment with a One group pre-test post-test design. The sample consisted of 20 students who were members of the SMAN 19 Garut futsal extracurricular. The instrument used was a futsal playing skills test using the General Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). The results showed an increase in the average general performance score with the results of the Asymp. (2-tailed) = 0.403 <α = 5% = 0.05 (significant). Based on these results, it can be concluded that circuit training modifications can improve futsal playing skills.

This study examines the process of acculturation between Sundanese culture and Islam in the context of cultural transformation in the Sundanese region. The background of the research is rooted in the convergence of traditional values and Islamic influences that have been ongoing since the 14th century, resulting in a harmonious yet dynamic cultural synthesis. The aim of the study is to understand how Islamic values are adapted into Sundanese traditions and their impact on the social identity of the community. A qualitative approach employing participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary study was used to extract rich empirical data. The research findings indicate that acculturation occurs through a negotiation of values across generations, leading to modifications in rituals, symbols, and social practices that preserve the essence of local culture while accommodating Islamic requirements. The implications of this study provide new insights into the adaptive dynamics of cultural interaction in the face of modernization and globalization, and have the potential to serve as a basis for developing cultural preservation policies that are responsive to contemporary changes.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue that affects both adolescents and the elderly, impacting their daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to identify the causes, risk factors, and preventive measures associated with LBP in these two age groups. Various factors, including posture, physical activity, body weight, and occupational or academic demands, contribute to the prevalence of LBP. In adolescents, prolonged sitting, improper posture, and excessive screen time are significant contributors, while in the elderly, age-related degenerative changes, decreased muscle strength, and chronic conditions such as osteoporosis play a major role. This study utilizes a literature review and observational analysis to explore the similarities and differences in LBP risk factors across different age groups. The findings suggest that early prevention through proper ergonomics, regular exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce the incidence of LBP. Additionally, awareness and education about spinal health should be emphasized in both adolescents and the elderly to mitigate future complications. This research highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, medical interventions, and lifestyle modifications, in managing and preventing LBP effectively.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue that affects both adolescents and the elderly, impacting their daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to identify the causes, risk factors, and preventive measures associated with LBP in these two age groups. Various factors, including posture, physical activity, body weight, and occupational or academic demands, contribute to the prevalence of LBP. In adolescents, prolonged sitting, improper posture, and excessive screen time are significant contributors, while in the elderly, age-related degenerative changes, decreased muscle strength, and chronic conditions such as osteoporosis play a major role. This study utilizes a literature review and observational analysis to explore the similarities and differences in LBP risk factors across different age groups. The findings suggest that early prevention through proper ergonomics, regular exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce the incidence of LBP. Additionally, awareness and education about spinal health should be emphasized in both adolescents and the elderly to mitigate future complications. This research highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, medical interventions, and lifestyle modifications, in managing and preventing LBP effectively.

Slang is a form of language that develops among teenagers, especially in urban environments, which often combines foreign elements or modifications of Indonesian. This research aims to identify the influence of the use of slang on the purity of Indonesian among teenagers. The main focus in making research is how the use of slang can have a positive and negative impact on Indonesian language skills in accordance with standard rules and structures. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, through interviews and observations of teenagers who often use slang. The research results show that although slang enriches vocabulary and provides space for self-expression, excessive use of slang can interfere with correct understanding of Indonesian, especially in formal communication contexts. Therefore, a balance between the use of slang and standard Indonesian is very necessary, especially among teenagers, to maintain the purity of the Indonesian language.

The screening and education program on the prevention of degenerative diseases was conducted in the coastal community of Panjang Island, Batam. This initiative aimed to address the high prevalence of degenerative diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia through health screenings and community education. The study involved 55 participants, primarily pre-elderly individuals, and included examinations of blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, and uric acid. The results revealed that 65.5% of participants had hypertension (34.5% with Stage 1 and 31% with Stage 2), while 69.1% had high cholesterol levels. Blood sugar screening indicated that 14.5% of participants had elevated glucose levels. Uric acid levels were high in 47.3% of participants, predominantly among women. Additionally, 78% of respondents with comorbidities presented abnormalities in at least one biochemical parameter. Educational sessions resulted in a 26.4% increase in knowledge about disease prevention and healthy lifestyles. The program highlighted the importance of regular health screenings, lifestyle modifications, and community empowerment for sustainable health improvements. Collaboration with local health centers and the establishment of health cadres are recommended for ongoing support and monitoring of degenerative disease prevention efforts.