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Patient loyalty is an important indicator of success in healthcare services because it reflects patients’ tendency to reuse healthcare services and recommend them to others. Patient loyalty in healthcare facilities is influenced by various factors, including doctor availability, cost bearer systems, and patient experience during the service process. This study aims to analyze the effect of doctor availability and cost bearer on patient loyalty with patient experience as a mediating variable among patients at the Dental Clinic of Hermina Galaxy Hospital.This research used a quantitative approach with a survey design. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale from 150 patients at the Dental Clinic of Hermina Galaxy Hospital selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the assistance of AMOS software to examine both direct and indirect relationships among the research variables.The results showed that doctor availability and cost bearer have a positive and significant effect on patient experience. Patient experience was also found to have a positive and significant effect on patient loyalty. In addition, doctor availability and cost bearer have a direct influence on patient loyalty and an indirect influence through patient experience as a mediating variable.In conclusion, improving patient loyalty can be achieved by enhancing doctor availability, managing financing systems effectively, and creating positive patient experiences. Hospital management should optimize these factors to improve service quality and maintain patient loyalty

The development of Digital Marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) has encouraged hospitals to adopt digital communication strategies to attract patients’ visit intentions. However, in public hospitals, the effectiveness of these strategies in influencing patient behavior still requires empirical validation. This study aims to analyze the influence of Digital Marketing and eWOM on patient visit intention, with Brand Awareness as an intervening variable at RSUD Cengkareng.This research employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. Data were collected from November to December 2025 from 100 general outpatient respondents selected using the Slovin formula and a simple random sampling technique. The data were gathered through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS software.The results show that Digital Marketing and eWOM have a positive and significant effect on Brand Awareness. Both variables also significantly influence patient visit intention, with eWOM demonstrating the strongest effect. These findings indicate that information shared through digital platforms and patient recommendations plays an important role in shaping potential patients’ decisions to visit the hospital. However, Brand Awareness does not have a significant effect on patient visit intention and does not mediate the relationship between Digital Marketing, eWOM, and visit intention. This suggests that, in the context of RSUD Cengkareng as a public hospital, patients’ visit decisions are more directly influenced by digital information exposure and the credibility of online recommendations rather than by brand recognition alone.

This study investigates the effects of transformational leadership and work-life balance on job satisfaction, with employee engagement as a mediating variable, within the context of modern organizational work environments. Increasing job demands and performance pressures have raised concerns regarding employee psychological well-being, yet previous empirical findings on how leadership and work-life balance influence job satisfaction remain inconsistent. Therefore, this research aims to examine whether employee engagement serves as a psychological mechanism that explains the relationship between transformational leadership, work-life balance, and job satisfaction. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires using a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on employee engagement, which subsequently has a strong positive influence on job satisfaction. However, work-life balance does not demonstrate a significant direct or indirect effect on job satisfaction in this research context. Furthermore, employee engagement is proven to fully mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. In conclusion, this study highlights employee engagement as a key psychological pathway through which transformational leadership enhances job satisfaction and provides practical implications for organizations to prioritize leadership development aimed at strengthening employee engagement.

This paper aims to analyze the influence of Human Resource Reform and Transformational Leadership on Civil Servant Professionalism, with Resistance to Change as a mediating variable. The research focuses on civil servants at the Semarang City Personnel, Education and Training Agency (BKPP Semarang City), an institution at the forefront of bureaucratic reform and talent management. A quantitative approach was employed through a survey of 77 civil servants using a saturated sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the direct and mediation relationships between the research variables. The results showed that Human Resources Reform of Civil Servants and Transformational Leadership had a positive and significant effect on ASN Professionalism. Transformational Leadership was also proven to reduce Resistance to Change, while Human Resources Reform had an indirect effect through reducing resistance. In addition, Resistance to Change had a significant negative effect on ASN Professionalism and mediated the relationship between Human Resources Reform of Civil Servants and ASN Professionalism. These findings confirm that merit system reform, competency development, and inspirational leadership are key factors in improving ASN professionalism, especially when psychological and structural barriers in the form of resistance to change can be minimized. This study provides theoretical contributions in the development of a model of ASN professionalism as well as practical recommendations for local governments in strengthening the implementation of bureaucratic reform.

This study analyzes the effect of digital payment implementation (X1) and transaction security (X2) on SME development (Y) with financial stability as a mediating variable (Z) in SMEs in Sorong City. This study examines the effect of digital payment implementation and transaction security on SME development with financial stability as a mediating variable. The study was conducted on MSMEs in Sorong City, Eastern Indonesia, using an explanatory quantitative approach. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The results of the study prove that the implementation of digital payments and transaction security has a positive and significant effect on financial stability. Furthermore, financial stability was found to have a positive and significant effect on MSME development, while fully mediating the effect of transaction security and partially mediating the effect of digital payment implementation on MSME development. These findings contribute to an integrated conceptual model that combines the technology acceptance paradigm with financial management theory, and provide a strategic roadmap for policymakers and implementation guidelines for MSME actors.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Digital Leadership and Digital Culture on Organizational Performance thru the mediation of Technowork Engagement at the Immigration Office Class I Special TPI Semarang. Digital transformation in public organizations requires a comprehensive understanding of leadership mechanisms, culture, and technology engagement in improving service performance. The research method uses a quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data was collected through a survey of 65 Immigration Office employees using a structured questionnaire. The research instrument has met the standards of validity and reliability. The analysis results show that Digital Leadership significantly influences Organizational Performance and Technowork Engagement. Digital Culture significantly influences Technowork Engagement but does not directly affect Organizational Performance. Technowork Engagement was proven to have a significant impact on Organizational Performance. The findings indicate that digital leadership is a crucial factor in the digital transformation of public organizations, while digital culture requires mediation through technological engagement to impact performance. The practical implications emphasize the importance of developing digital leadership capacity and strategies to enhance technowork engagement in optimizing the performance of immigration services.

Digital transformation in public health services requires cadres to possess adequate digital literacy and technology adaptation skills. This study aims to analyze the influence of digital literacy and technology adaptation on the effectiveness of cadre performance, with digital competence as an intervening variable in Pekalongan Regency. The study population was health cadres in Pekalongan Regency, with a sample of 90 respondents selected using a technique that was part of the total population of 285 respondents. Sampling used simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used [analytical methods, for example: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) or Path Analysis] to examine direct and indirect relationships between variables. The research results are expected to provide an overview of: (1) the influence of digital literacy on the effectiveness of cadre performance, (2) the influence of technology adaptation on the effectiveness of cadre performance, (3) the influence of digital literacy on digital competence, (4) the influence of technology adaptation on digital competence, (5) the influence of digital competence on the effectiveness of cadre performance, and (6) the role of digital competence as an intervening variable in the relationship between digital literacy and technology adaptation on the effectiveness of cadre performance. The findings of this research are expected to serve as a basis for developing training programs and increasing the capacity of health cadres in the digital era, particularly in Pekalongan Regency.

This study aims to analyze the effect of digital financial literacy and economic stress on household financial management quality, with self-control as an intervening variable. This research adopts a quantitative approach using Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to household respondents and analyzed using SmartPLS. The results indicate that digital financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on household financial management quality and self-control. In contrast, economic stress does not have a significant effect on either self-control or household financial management quality. Furthermore, self-control does not mediate the relationship between digital financial literacy and economic stress on household financial management quality. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing digital financial literacy to improve household financial management in the digital era.

This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of transformational leadership and digital literacy on civil servant performance through the mediating role of adaptability. The research population comprised all 75 employees at the Regional Financial Management and Local Revenue Agency (BPKPAD) of Demak Regency, Indonesia. A saturated sampling method was employed, utilizing the entire population as respondents. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 3.3 software. The findings reveal that transformational leadership significantly and positively influences both civil servant adaptability and performance. Digital literacy demonstrates a significant positive impact on both adaptability and performance, emerging as the most dominant factor in the research model. Civil servant adaptability significantly and positively affects performance. However, mediation analysis indicates that adaptability does not significantly mediate the relationships between transformational leadership, digital literacy, and performance, suggesting that direct effects predominate over indirect effects in the BPKPAD Demak Regency context.

Digital transformation requires organizations to adapt by leveraging technology and reshaping their ways of working . In this context , digital leadership plays a crucial role in enhancing business performance . This study aims to examine the role of digital leadership on business performance through digital culture and process innovation in the era of digital transformation . This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method involving respondents from organizations that are undergoing or have implemented digital transformation initiatives . Data were analyzed using path analysis or Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test both direct and indirect relationships among variables . The results indicate that digital leadership has been positive and significant effect on business performance . Furthermore , digital culture and process innovation is proven to act as mediator variables that strengthen the influence of digital leadership on business performance . These findings highlights that leaders who are able to foster digital adoption , encourage collaboration , and continuously innovate business processes can create sustainable competitive advantages for organizations . This study contributes theoretically to the development of digital leadership literature and provides practical implications for organizational leaders in designing effective digital transformation strategies aimed at improving business performance .

This study aims to analyze the influence of digital transformation and organizational innovation on sustainability performance, with leadership support and digital literacy as supporting variables and the role of moderating effects in strengthening the relationship between variables. The research method used a quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS- SEM) analysis. Data were collected through a questionnaire measured using reflective indicators for each construct. The results of the measurement model test indicate that all indicators have outer loading values above 0.70, thus being valid in measuring the latent construct. Structurally, digital transformation has a positive effect on sustainability performance with a path coefficient of 0.124,  while organizational innovation shows a relatively weak effect  with a coefficient of 0.006. Leadership support and digital literacy have a fairly strong positive effect on sustainability performance with a coefficient value of 0.586. In addition, the first moderation effect provides a strengthening of the relationship to sustainability performance with a coefficient of 0.154, while the second moderation effect shows a very small effect with a value of 0.032. The R² value of 0.670 indicates that the model is able to explain 67% of the variation in sustainability performance, while the remainder is influenced by other factors outside the research model. These findings confirm that the success of organizational sustainability performance does not only depend on digital transformation and organizational innovation, but is also greatly influenced by leadership support, digital literacy, and moderating mechanisms that strengthen the implementation of digital strategies. This research is expected to provide theoretical and practical contributions to organizations in designing digital- based sustainability strategies.

This study aims to examine the influence of employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on employee performance, and examine employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on organizational learning, as well as examine employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on employee performance through organizational learning. The population used in this study was 84 employees of the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives, and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of Pekalongan Regency.The data analysis techniques used in this study were descriptive and inferential analysis. Seven hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (PLS).The results of the study showthere is a positive and significant influenceemployee engagementon employee performance, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, employee engagementpositive and significant influenceon organizational learning, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational learning, employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through organizational learning, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through organizational learning.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of income and employment opportunities on women's decision to become migrant workers, as well as the impact on the level of family welfare of women migrant workers. The approach used is a quantitative method by utilizing primary data collected through the distribution of questionnaires to female respondents who have worked or are currently working as migrant workers in Kecamatan Utan, Kabupaten Sumbawa Besar. Data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with the help of SmartPLS software. The research variables were measured using a number of indicators formulated based on the theoretical basis and the results of previous studies. The findings show that income has a positive and significant influence on women's decision to work as migrant workers, with a coefficient of 1.940 and a p-value of 0.000. In contrast, employment opportunities have a negative and significant effect on the decision, with a coefficient of -1.147 and a p-value of 0.000. Furthermore, women's decision to become migrant workers has a positive and significant effect on family welfare, as shown by a coefficient of 0.594 and a p-value of 0.001. However, income does not have a significant direct effect on family welfare, with a p-value of 0.151. Meanwhile, employment opportunities have a positive and significant influence on family welfare, with a coefficient of 0.691 and a p-value of 0.030. These results indicate that women's decision to become migrant workers functions as a mediating variable in efforts to improve family welfare.

This study aims to examine the effect of microcredit on the level of community welfare in Kecamatan Sumbawa, with study locations in Kelurahan Pekat and Brang Bara. Microcredit is positioned as one of the strategic instruments in efforts to empower the economy of low-income communities, especially through increasing access to financing, income generation, and social welfare. This research uses a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The study population consisted of 100 micro-entrepreneurs in the two villages who had received microcredit from local financial institutions. The variables analyzed include ease of credit access (X1), credit repayment (X2), income (Y), and community welfare (Z) which acts as a mediating variable. The results of the analysis show that easy access to microcredit does not have a significant effect on income or community welfare. In contrast, the variable of microcredit repayment has a positive and significant effect on community welfare. In addition, income also has a positive and significant influence on welfare, indicating that an increase in income is a key factor in determining the economic and social welfare of microcredit recipient households. This finding confirms that the success of the microcredit program is more influenced by the effectiveness of the management and sustainability of the credit repayment system, rather than solely by the ease of access to financing.  

The decline in service quality observed in 2023, such as frequent malfunctions of queue management machines and slow credit processing, indicates that the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sulawesi Tenggara, Wakatobi Branch, has not been fully optimized. These issues are particularly evident in aspects of continuous improvement, employee education and training, long-term management commitment, and employee involvement and empowerment. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of Total Quality Management implementation on employee performance at PT BPD Sultra Wakatobi Branch. This research was conducted from February to August 2024 in Wangi-Wangi Regency. The study employed a quantitative research design using a census approach, in which all 40 employees were included as respondents. The data used in this study consisted of primary data collected through questionnaires and secondary data obtained from company documents. Descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) were applied to examine the relationship between TQM and employee performance. The results reveal that long-term management commitment as well as employee involvement and empowerment have a significant effect on employee performance. In contrast, continuous improvement and education and training do not show a significant influence, indicating the need for further evaluation and improvement to strengthen the future implementation of Total Quality Management and enhance organizational performance.

This study was carried out at RS Hj. Fatimah Sulhan in Kabupaten Demak, Jawa Tengah, which functioned as both the research site and the moderating context of the investigation. The research aims to examine how personal compensation, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and organizational commitment influence employee work performance within the hospital environment. A quantitative research design was implemented, involving 150 employees selected as respondents through appropriate sampling procedures. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and subsequently analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the AMOS software to test the hypothesized relationships among variables. The findings reveal that personal compensation, OCB, and organizational commitment each exert a positive and statistically significant impact on employee performance. These results indicate that fair and competitive compensation, strong voluntary work behaviors, and a high level of commitment to organizational goals collectively enhance productivity, service effectiveness, teamwork quality, and overall institutional performance in the healthcare setting.

Personal financial management behavior has gained prominence amid economic globalization, digital transformation, and crisis-induced shifts that reshape individual decision-making, budgeting, saving, and risk practices. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to chart the intellectual structure, growth patterns, and future orientations of research in this domain. Drawing on 312 English-language publications from the Scopus database spanning 2000 to 2024, the analysis employs VOSviewer for co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, and co-citation mapping, complemented by performance metrics on trends and productivity. Findings reveal a marked acceleration in scholarly output, particularly after 2020, driven by heightened attention to digital tools and resilience factors. Thematic clusters highlight progression from foundational literacy and demographic influences to psychological mediators (e.g., self-efficacy, attitudes) and outcomes centered on well-being and socialization. Geographic contributions concentrate in the United States and Indonesia, with strong Asia-Pacific networks, while productive authors form specialized collaborative hubs. The intellectual base integrates behavioral frameworks with empirical applications, underscoring interdisciplinary depth. These insights address fragmentation in prior work by providing a unified knowledge map, revealing gaps in cross-cultural integration and dynamic digital modeling. Implications extend to guiding targeted interventions for financial education and policy, fostering individual resilience in volatile environments. This synthesis supports scholars and practitioners in advancing evidence-based approaches to sustainable personal finance practices.

This study aims to analyze the effect of social media advertising exposure and digital financial literacy on consumptive behavior, with self-control as a mediating variable among 11th grade high school students in Kotabumi Selatan District. This quantitative study involved 267 respondents from five public and private high schools selected using proportional sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that exposure to social media advertising has a significant positive effect on consumptive behavior, indicating that higher advertising exposure increases students’ tendency toward excessive consumption. However, advertising exposure does not have a significant effect on self-control. Digital financial literacy has a significant positive effect on self-control, but does not directly influence consumptive behavior. Furthermore, self-control has a significant negative effect on consumptive behavior and plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital financial literacy and consumptive behavior. These findings confirm that strengthening digital financial literacy is crucial for improving adolescents’ self-control and reducing consumptive behavior in the digital era.

This study is grounded in the issue of low student discipline and learning motivation in elementary schools, which requires teachers to apply more effective and context-based instructional strategies. The purpose of this research is to describe how teachers utilize social learning theory to enhance students’ discipline and motivation, as well as to analyze the impact of these strategies on classroom behavior and student engagement. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving teachers and students. The findings show that teacher strategies integrating modeling, positive reinforcement, and collaborative learning successfully create a more conducive learning environment. The use of teacher and peer role models was found to increase compliance with classroom rules, while the provision of positive feedback encouraged students to participate more enthusiastically in learning activities. Moreover, socially interactive learning helped students develop confidence and active engagement. The implications of this study affirm that social learning theory can serve as a strong foundation for teachers to design strategies that promote positive behavior and intrinsic motivation, making it highly relevant for integration into daily classroom practice.

This article examines the role of context and underlying assumptions in the formulation of econometric models for economic policy analysis. While econometric models are widely employed to support policy decisions, their construction is often treated as a purely technical process, overlooking the contextual factors that shape variable selection, model specification, and interpretation of results. This study explores how institutional settings, policy objectives, and behavioral considerations influence the assumptions embedded in econometric modeling. By drawing on policy documents, academic literature, and illustrative cases from applied economic research, the article highlights how implicit assumptions may affect the validity and relevance of econometric outcomes. The analysis emphasizes that econometric models are not value-neutral tools but are shaped by theoretical choices and contextual judgments made during their formulation. Understanding these dimensions is crucial to avoid misinterpretation of empirical findings and to enhance the usefulness of econometric analysis in policymaking. The study contributes to the methodological discussion in applied econometrics by encouraging greater transparency and reflexivity in model construction, particularly in the context of economic policy evaluation.