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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimasi parameter Photovoltaic (PV) serta daya keluaran dari pembangkit listrik tenaga surya berbasis Genetic Algorithm. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur, simulasi perangkat lunak, serta pengujian model matematis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis kuantitatif dan komputasional yang berfokus pada pencarian nilai optimal dari parameter-parameter utama sistem PV, seperti tegangan, arus, dan resistansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses optimasi sistem PV, tahapan yang dilakukan meliputi pemodelan karakteristik PV, penyusunan fungsi objektif untuk memaksimalkan daya, penerapan algoritma genetika dalam mencari nilai parameter optimal, serta analisis hasil optimasi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa algoritma genetika mampu meningkatkan efisiensi daya keluaran PV dibandingkan metode konvensional, serta menghasilkan parameter yang lebih sesuai terhadap kondisi iradiasi tertentu. Namun, dalam implementasi metode ini juga ditemukan beberapa kendala, seperti kompleksitas perhitungan dan kebutuhan waktu komputasi yang relatif tinggi. Selain itu, diperlukan penyesuaian lebih lanjut untuk penerapan algoritma ini dalam skala sistem pembangkit yang lebih besar.

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Kabupaten Tegal, terutama menyerang anak-anak dan lansia, dengan 25.273 kasus tercatat pada Januari–Juni 2025. Faktor seperti kepadatan penduduk, polusi udara, dan sanitasi buruk mempersulit analisis konvensional dalam mengidentifikasi wilayah berisiko tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) berbasis web untuk memetakan dan memantau kasus ISPA secara akurat menggunakan pendekatan spasial. Metode Waterfall digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem, meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Data spasial (koordinat lokasi) dan non-spasial (usia, jenis kelamin, jumlah kasus) dikumpulkan dari Dinas Kesehatan dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik kepadatan titik dan klaster untuk mengidentifikasi pola sebaran. Sistem ini dibangun dengan framework Laravel sebagai backend dan Leaflet.js untuk visualisasi peta interaktif. Hasilnya, SIG ini mampu memvisualisasikan sebaran kasus ISPA per kecamatan, mendukung Dinas Kesehatan dalam mengalokasikan sumber daya medis secara efisien dan mengidentifikasi wilayah prioritas seperti Dukuhwaru dan Tarub. Bagi masyarakat, sistem ini meningkatkan akses informasi digital, mendorong kesadaran pencegahan, dan mendukung edukasi kesehatan. Sistem ini terbukti efektif sebagai alat strategis untuk pengambilan keputusan berbasis data, mempercepat respons terhadap ISPA, dan menjadi fondasi untuk pengembangan SIG dalam memantau penyakit lain di masa depan.

This study aims to evaluate the color of organic ink based on coffee grounds charcoal as an alternative to conventional ink in screen printing. The experimental method was conducted with three variations of pigment formulation and distilled water, namely: 15 gr & 41 ml, 20 gr & 45 ml, 25 gr & 49 ml). Testing of solid content levels and Lab values was carried out to determine color characteristics, as well as delta E calculations to compare with conventional inks. The results showed the highest solid content in the 20 g formulation, but the 15 g ink distribution produced the closest color to the reference ink due to better flow. In conclusion, proper material formulation is essential to achieve optimal color quality.  

This study examines the impact of rising commodity prices on household expenditure patterns from the perspective of conventional economic literature. The review method is used to trace and synthesize the findings of studies published nationally in the last five years. The main objective is to analyze how inflationary pressures on basic necessities such as food, fuel, and housing affect expenditure shifts. The review reveals that rising prices of basic products cause families to reduce discretionary spending, allocate budgets, and occupy lower welfare levels. This study contributes to policy recommendations by identifying the most important expenditure factors and recommending targeted social protection. This conceptual article promotes the role of fiscal and monetary stability in fostering household purchasing power in developing countries such as Indonesia. The impact on the economic bottom line is considered in great depth, strengthening the role of price controls, subsidies, and income redistribution activities..

This study is secondary data sourced from the publication of financial reports and annual reports on the website www.ojk.go.id. Hypothesis results Based on the phenomenon of ROA, NPL, LDR graphs showing fluctuating NPL and CAR results in the 2020-2024 period still show fluctuating results in the 2020-2024 period. The lack of openness, ineffective supervision carried out by the Institution on managers will result in financial manipulation by managers which will later affect the decline in the company's financial performance. Insufficient DKI supervision causes GCG not to run optimally. Weak DD performance is indicated by the absence of openness principles between DD and shareholders. The existence of fraudulent practices, one of which arises from the performance of the KA which is dishonest or not independent.

Frozen food merupakan salah satu jenis produk pangan yang digemari masyarakat modern karena daya simpan yang lama dan kemudahan dalam penyajian. Namun, proses pembekuan konvensional dengan suhu tinggi dapat menurunkan kandungan nutrisi dan kualitas sensorik produk. Oleh karena itu, teknologi non-termal seperti High Pressure Processing (HPP) menjadi solusi inovatif untuk mempertahankan kualitas nutrisi dan sensorik makanan beku tanpa perlu pemanasan tinggi. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi penerapan teknologi HPP pada Frozen food untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan keamanan produk. Metode kajian dilakukan melalui telaah pustaka dari berbagai penelitian terkini yang membahas prinsip kerja, efektivitas, serta dampak HPP terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologis bahan pangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa HPP mampu menonaktifkan mikroorganisme patogen dan pembusuk pada tekanan 200–600 MPa tanpa merusak komponen sensitif seperti vitamin, protein, dan pigmen alami. Namun, dampak HPP sangat bergantung pada karakteristik bahan pangan, seperti kadar air, jenis protein, dan kandungan lemak. Beberapa bahan seperti daging menunjukkan perubahan warna dan tekstur akibat denaturasi protein, sementara bahan rendah lemak lebih rentan terhadap oksidasi pigmen. Simpulan dari kajian ini adalah bahwa HPP merupakan teknologi non-termal yang efektif dan fleksibel untuk aplikasi pada frozen food , dengan catatan perlunya penyesuaian parameter proses sesuai karakteristik produk untuk mengoptimalkan hasil akhir.

Minyak nabati merupakan sumber lemak esensial yang memiliki nilai gizi dan manfaat kesehatan tinggi, namun kualitasnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh proses ekstraksi. Metode konvensional seperti ekstraksi pelarut dan mekanik memiliki berbagai keterbatasan, termasuk waktu proses yang lama, penggunaan pelarut tinggi, serta degradasi senyawa bioaktif. Oleh karena itu, sonikasi atau Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) menjadi alternatif teknologi modern yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas hasil ekstraksi minyak nabati. Teknologi ini memanfaatkan gelombang ultrasonik yang menghasilkan efek kavitasi, sehingga mempercepat pemecahan dinding sel dan pelepasan senyawa target. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah efektivitas teknologi sonikasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas hasil ekstraksi minyak nabati dari berbagai bahan sumber, berdasarkan analisis literatur terkini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sonikasi mampu meningkatkan rendemen, memperpendek waktu ekstraksi. Dengan demikian, sonikasi merupakan teknologi prospektif dalam produksi minyak nabati berkualitas tinggi.

Product quality is affected by the conventional turning process that requires coolant to maintain surface smoothness and reduce tool wear. Vegetable oils such as coconut, corn, and palm oil are environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical coolants (dromus). This study tested the effect of vegetable coolants on the surface of ST 60 steel using an experimental method with variations in a mixture of oil, water, and liquid soap. Turning was carried out at a depth of 0.5 mm, a rotation speed of 1035 rpm, and a cutting speed of 65 mm/min. The results showed that the lowest roughness was in variation 7 (80% corn oil + 10% water + 10% liquid soap) with an initial roughness value of 2.438

The objective of this study is to examine and compare the financial performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks in Indonesia during the 2019–2023 period. This research is motivated by the rapid growth of the Islamic banking industry; however, its market share remains relatively small compared to conventional banks. The study evaluates various financial ratio indicators, including Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), BOPO, Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and Non-Performing Financing (NPF), using a quantitative approach and comparative method. Data were collected from the annual financial reports of several major banks selected through purposive sampling. The results of the analysis indicate that conventional banks generally outperform in terms of profitability and operational efficiency, as reflected in the ROA and BOPO ratios. On the other hand, Islamic banks demonstrate more stable financing quality and liquidity, as indicated by relatively stable NPF and FDR ratios. These performance differences stem from the distinct operational principles of the two banking systems: interest-based operations for conventional banks and profit-sharing principles for Islamic banks. The study concludes that a more comprehensive evaluation method, integrating both sharia compliance and financial elements, is essential to provide a fair and accurate assessment of bank performance. The findings are expected to be valuable for regulators, academics, and industry practitioners in formulating policies that support a more inclusive and sustainable banking system.

The aim of this study is to examine the philosophical and practical differences between conventional and Islamic financial reports. Laporan keuangan konvensional disusun berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi kapitalis, dengan orientasi pada laba dan kepentingan pemegang saham. Meanwhile, Islamic financial reports are based on Islamic principles that emphasise justice, transparency, and social responsibility, as well as holding financial activities accountable not only to humans, but also to Allah SWT. The research method used was qualitative descriptive-comparative through a literature study of accounting standards and related journals. The results of the study show differences in reporting objectives, report structure, basic principles, transaction measurement methods, and stakeholder orientation. Laporan syariah mencakup unsur-unsur tambahan, seperti laporan zakat, qardh, dan tanggung jawab sosial, yang tidak ditemukan dalam sistem konvensional. Memahami perbedaan ini sangatlah penting untuk mempromosikan praktik pelaporan keuangan yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada keuntungan, tetapi juga menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai etika dan keberlanjutan.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires proper management, including the use of conventional and alternative medicines such as herbal medicines. Patient knowledge about the benefits, risks, and potential interactions of herbal medicines with conventional medicines is very important to prevent complications. Objective This study aims to describe the level of knowledge of diabetes patients about the use of herbal medicines, including the benefits, risks, and interactions with conventional medicines at the Kebondalem Health Center, Pemalang Regency. This study uses descriptive observational analytic Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to diabetes patients who were treated at the Kebondalem Health Center. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively with percentages to measure the level of patient knowledge.

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi implementasi ajaran Buddha dalam pengembangan budi pekerti di kalangan siswa beragama Buddha di sekolah-sekolah menengah di Jawa Tengah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran melalui survei (n=135) dan wawancara (n=12), penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana prinsip-prinsip Buddha diintegrasikan ke dalam pendidikan formal untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai etika dan karakter moral pada siswa Buddha. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa sekolah yang menerapkan program pendidikan karakter berbasis ajaran Buddha secara terstruktur menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam perilaku etis siswa, perhatian penuh (mindfulness), dan tanggung jawab sosial dibandingkan dengan pendekatan konvensional. Strategi yang paling efektif meliputi praktik meditasi harian, integrasi etika Buddha ke dalam kurikulum reguler, proyek pembelajaran layanan, dan resolusi konflik secara mindful. Penelitian ini mendemonstrasikan bagaimana ajaran Buddha dapat diadaptasi secara efektif untuk lingkungan pendidikan kontemporer sambil mengatasi tantangan remaja modern. Studi ini memberikan kerangka kerja untuk mengembangkan program pendidikan karakter yang berakar pada kebijaksanaan Buddha yang relevan dengan kebutuhan pendidikan saat ini.

The use of video media in clinical skills education has been implemented at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang (UNIMUS) since 2019, particularly to enhance students’ understanding and skills in neuromotor physical examination. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based teaching compared to conventional methods in clinical skills learning. A quantitative descriptive method with univariate analysis was used on 138 students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected from Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) scores and analyzed using a total sampling technique. The results showed that students who received video-based learning had significantly higher average OSCE scores (93.33 ± 8.918 SD in Block 1) than those who were taught without video media (68.12 ± 15.58 SD in Block 3). In Block 1, 98.6% of the students achieved the “excellent” score category, while only 26.1% of students in Block 3 reached the same level. These findings indicate that the use of teaching videos significantly improves students’ clinical skills and helps overcome the limitations of conventional methods, which tend to promote passive learning. Therefore, the implementation of video-based teaching media can be an effective method to improve the quality of clinical skills education, encourage active student participation, and support the achievement of optimal competencies in medical education. This approach not only enhances skill acquisition but also contributes to more engaging and student-centered learning experiences in the clinical education environment.

Inovasi sosial dan kewirausahaan sosial telah menjadi strategi utama dalam menciptakan solusi berkelanjutan bagi tantangan sosial dan ekonomi yang tidak dapat diselesaikan oleh pendekatan bisnis konvensional. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Menganalisis inovasi sosial dan perannya dalam kewirausahaan sosial; 2) Mengidentifikasi hubungan antara inovasi sosial dan keberlanjutan UMKM dalam konteks ekonomi berbasis dampak sosial; 3) Menjelaskan faktor-faktor utama yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan kewirausahaan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan inovasi sosial berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan ketahanan UMKM melalui penerapan model bisnis berbasis dampak sosial, ekonomi sirkular, serta digitalisasi bisnis. Keberhasilan kewirausahaan sosial dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal, seperti kepemimpinan yang visioner, strategi pengelolaan sumber daya manusia yang efektif, serta model bisnis yang adaptif dan inovatif. Sementara itu, faktor eksternal yang berperan mencakup dukungan kebijakan pemerintah, akses terhadap pendanaan berbasis dampak sosial, serta kemitraan strategis dengan sektor swasta dan akademisi. Indikator utama keberhasilan kewirausahaan sosial mencakup pengukuran dampak sosial dan ekonomi, keberlanjutan finansial dan operasional, serta efektivitas model bisnis dalam menjangkau masyarakat yang lebih luas. Sebagai implikasi, makalah ini merekomendasikan penguatan kebijakan publik yang mendukung bisnis sosial, peningkatan akses pendanaan berbasis dampak, serta integrasi inovasi sosial dalam strategi pengembangan UMKM. Dengan menciptakan ekosistem yang lebih mendukung bagi kewirausahaan sosial, diharapkan inovasi sosial dapat menjadi pilar utama dalam pembangunan ekonomi yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.

Live streaming on social media has changed the way people share information and entertainment, providing greater convenience and access than conventional broadcasting. However, this change also brings challenges, especially regarding ethics and its impact on young audiences. Content on social media is often poorly monitored, making it easy to find sensational or inappropriate content, such as violence, hoaxes and unethical behavior. This is exacerbated by platform algorithms that prioritize content that triggers emotional reactions to increase popularity. Conventional broadcasting has strict rules to maintain the quality and ethics of content, while live streaming on social media often relies solely on platform policies which are not always effective. As a result, many content creators try to attract attention in extreme ways, which can influence the behavior and mindset of young audiences. This research discusses the differences between conventional broadcasting and live streaming on social media, as well as the importance of the responsibilities of platforms and content creators in maintaining ethics. Apart from that, digital literacy for young audiences is needed so that they can be more critical in choosing content. In conclusion, cooperation between content creators, social media platforms and society is needed to ensure social media becomes a safer and more beneficial place for all.

Development of products based on ingredients rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds needs to be developed. High sources of antioxidants can be found from various fruits and their waste. Dragon fruit peels is known to contain various antioxidant compounds that are useful for body health. Instant dragon fruit peels drink is an instant food product processed from dragon fruit waste. The instant drink processing technique in this study uses conventional methods.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heating time on the chemical quality of instant drink powder in terms of water content and ash content and organoleptic tests were also carried out to determine the effect of the process on the sensory characteristics of color, taste, and aroma. Based on the results obtained, the water content of instant dragon fruit peels powder ranged from 1.97-1.98%, KND 3 samples with a heating treatment of 30 minutes had the highest water content (1.98%). The ash content value of the product ranged from 0.17-0.83% where the KDN3 treatment (heating time 30 minutes) showed the highest ash content (0.83%). The results of the analysis of this study showed a solubility of 97.6-99.15%. The results of the organoleptic test (hedonic test) on the color attribute showed a significant difference (P>0.05) between the 10 and 20 minute heating treatments with the product from the heating results with a heating time of 30 minutes where the panelists liked the color and aroma of the product from the 10 and 20 minute heating time treatments.

Penggunaan limbah sebagai bahan substitusi dalam pembuatan beton ramah lingkungan menjadi alternatif yang relevan untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan dan sumber daya yang semakin menipis. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggunaan limbah keramik granit, limbah beton, dan cangkang kerang (Grabeka) sebagai pengganti agregat kasar dan halus dalam campuran beton. Pengujian dilakukan untuk menilai kekuatan tekan beton pada umur 28 hari serta analisis biaya dibandingkan dengan beton konvensional. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa beton dengan campuran limbah Grabeka mampu mencapai kekuatan tekan optimal sebesar 35,09 Mpa. Selain itu, penggunaan zat aditif Sikament NN mempercepat proses pengerasan, sehingga beton dengan agregat daur ulang menjadi lebih efisien.

This research aims to explore people's preferences in choosing between conventional and Islamic banks, focusing on the factors that influence customer decisions. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting primary data through Google Form questionnaires and secondary data through literature studies. The results show that although 80% of respondents understand the differences between conventional and Islamic banks, 83% still choose conventional banks. The main reasons include ease of infrastructure access, wider ATM availability, and integration with educational institutions and workplaces. Interestingly, 63% of respondents cite religion as a key consideration, and 70% consider the usury aspect of bank selection.Islamic banks are considered to have the advantage of applying the principles of fairness, transparency, and avoiding usury. However, obstacles such as limited ATM networks and lack of cooperation with companies are the main challenges in attracting customers.The study suggests Islamic banks to expand their networks, improve public education, and develop more innovative financial products that still comply with sharia principles.

Peneliitianl ini dibuatl untukl merespon keresahanl siswa terhadap rasa bosan yang dihadapi pada saat pembelajaran PPKn, sehingga berdaimpak pada haisil belajar yiang tidak dapat memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal siswa. Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh penggunaan media belajar film pendek terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelias XiI MAN 1 Surakiarta. Metode penielitian yaong digiunakan dailam peneliotian ini adoalah kuantitaitif denogan teknik pengumpulan data tes yang dilakukan pada siswa kelas XI F-1 dan XI F-10 denigan total jumlah siswa adalah 68 siswa. Hasil statistik yang telah dilakukan dengan uji Miann-Whitoney yaitu diperoleh niliai Asiymp.Sig (2-tailed) sebesar .000, sehingga berdasarkan data tersebut dapat dijelaskan bahwa H1 diteriima dan H0 diitolak koarena Asymp. Sig  .000 leibih ke[cil dairi taraf signiifikansi (ai) = 0,0i5. Kesiimpulan penelitian terhadap kelas XI MAN 1 Surakarta tersebut yaitu penggunaan film pendek memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadaip hasil beilajar PPKn dibandiingkan metode pembelajaran konvensional tanpa film pendek.

Leguminous plants are plants with high protein and nutrient content, especially the protein content. Leguminous plants can grow anywhere but these plants have not been widely utilised by farmers. Some information related to leguminous plants is expected to help farmers overcome feed in the dry season. The information was obtained by reading and analysing literature and data from various research libraries that have been published in accredited journals. Tree legumes include indigofera, lamtoro, turi, gamal, and kaliandra. Indigofera plants have a crude protein content of 29.16%, while lamtoro, turi, gamal, kaliandra and Moringa are 23.8%; 31.29%; 22.6%; 25%; and 25.77% respectively. The nutrient content is supported by high productivity, where the production of indigofera, lamtoro, turi, gamal, and kaliandra can reach 4.096 tonnesBK/ha/year; 8.1 tonnes/ha/year; 2-3 tonnes/ha/harvest; 62.76 tonnes/ha/year; and 2-3 tonnes/ha/year, respectively. Despite its potential as animal feed, the plant needs further processing to reduce the anti-nutrients contained and increase its palatability so that livestock productivity increases.