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This study explores the essential role of lobbying and negotiation strategies across various sectors such as politics, social affairs, business, and non-profit organizations. Using a qualitative approach and case studies, the research highlights how these communication strategies influence decisions, build relationships, and resolve conflicts. The findings indicate that lobbying and negotiation skills are crucial for groups to achieve their goals, particularly in today’s digital era. Social media also emerges as a new platform for such practices, though it brings challenges to face-to-face interaction quality. Therefore, a deep understanding and ethical application of lobbying and negotiation are vital for creating effective and constructive communication.

Roads are the main infrastructure that supports human life. When the infrastructure in the form of roads is good, then all community activities, from the economy, transportation, to equitable development can also be realized well. Sepinggan, South Balikpapan District, Balikpapan City is one of the cities in East Kalimantan whose road infrastructure is quite adequate. However, there is a road that does not have maximum lighting at night. Apart from poor visibility and increasing the risk of accidents, it also risks attracting crime. Therefore, members of the Balikpapan University KKN 2024 made street lighting at Posyandu Kusuma RT 58. The street lighting was made with solar power. Solar powered street lighting was chosen to maximize power efficiency. The methods used in these activities are identification, implementation, and achievements or outputs of activities. The people of RT 58 really appreciate the making of solar panel lights carried out by the 2024 Balikpapan University KKN team. The community's activities at night when passing through roads that already have cell panel lights become more optimal and productive.

Sentra IKM Kreatif Semanggi Harmoni is a facility of the Surakarta City Cooperative and Industrial Service dedicated to supporting the growth and development of small and medium industries (IKM) in Surakarta City. This center already provides adequate facilities for the general public, but due to a lack of information dissemination, this center is not well known by the community, especially in Surakarta City. Through mixed methods research applying a linear strategy, this study combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to design an effective e-booklet as an information medium. Qualitative data was obtained through interviews with the Center's managers, IKM members, and design experts. The research results show that the designed e-booklet is able to present comprehensive information about the Sentra IKM Kreatif Semanggi Harmoni, starting from the Center's profile, facilities, to the profiles of IKM members and their superior products. The attractive e-booklet design also successfully attracted the interest of the target audience. Thus, this e-booklet is expected to be an effective information medium to increase the visibility of the Sentra IKM Kreatif Semanggi Harmoni in the eyes of the public, especially in Surakarta City.

Public service is a fundamental aspect of government to fulfil the needs of the community in a fair, efficient, and quality manner. This study aims to evaluate the performance of public services in Kelurahan Ngronggo, Kediri City, based on relevant service indicators. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with primary data from interviews and observations, and secondary data from official reports. The results showed that the quality of service in 2023 was in the good category with an IKM value of 86.54, but decreased compared to 2022 which reached 91.31 (very good). This decline was caused by limited technological infrastructure, lack of employee training, uneven distribution of tasks, and complicated administrative procedures. To address these issues, the recommended strategic measures include technological updates, regular training, digitisation of the service system, increased cooperation between employees, and simplification of administrative procedures. With the implementation of these strategies, it is expected that the quality of public services in Kelurahan Ngronggo can improve, fulfil community expectations, and build public trust in the government.

This research aims to explore more deeply the phenomenon of slang use among UINSU Public Health students and its impact on social dynamics and the development of their identity. Through a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews and participant observation, this research seeks to understand how slang plays a role in forming social bonds, creating a sense of belonging to a group, and influencing the way students interact with each other. Preliminary findings show that slang not only functions as a communication tool, but also as a symbol of identity and a means of expressing oneself. However, on the other hand, the use of slang that is too intense can blur the boundaries between formality and informality, thus potentially hampering the learning process and effective academic communication. Therefore, this research highlights the importance of balancing the use of slang with good and correct language rules, so that students can communicate effectively in various contexts without sacrificing their group identity.

One aspect that urgently needs to be addressed in the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum (IKM) is the issue of leadership and decision effective, efficien, requires the togetherness of all elements of teachers and educational staff. School Leadership Workshop 1, was held making which has impact on students. A leadership model that is in May 2024, at SMP Negeri 1 Sooko, Kab. Mojokerto. The formulation of the problem solved in this PKM (community service) activity is how to develop the potential of School Principals, School Supervisors and teacher educators in making decisions as leaders effectively, through leadership workshops. Learning objectives are prepared by each educational unit with local content that has meaning given the environmental conditions. The goal to be achieved from this activity is the transformation of the 'classical' education process into meaningful and contextual education during Sekolah Penggerak. In this change, adequate coaching capabilities are needed from teachers and school principals, so they can provide more positive approach to students. The methods used in this activity are lectures and discussions, online training, in-house training in each educational unit through PMM, followed by a mentoring process over a period of 1 year, then full implementation in each educational unit.

To ensure the competitiveness and sustainability of community businesses, one strategy that needs to be implemented is to focus on packaging (product packaging) and product cleanliness. Denai Lama Village, located in Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency, is one of the tourist villages that has a traditional market that produces local products, especially in the food and handicraft sectors, so that it has its own appeal and can be a significant source of income for the local community. The main objective of this community service is to implement product marketing strategies through product packaging and cleanliness in order to support the desires of the community. In addition to conducting socialization to Traditional Market traders in the Denai Lama tourist village, namely Paloh Naga Market and Selayar Denai, a survey was also conducted using a questionnaire method to obtain data that would be analyzed descriptively. The results obtained were that 56 percent of traders in the Denai Lama tourist village, Pantai Labu District, had a final education of Elementary School or equivalent, with the majority of business actors being mothers aged 51 years and over as many as 44 percent, with approximately 16 types of merchandise, and There are 36 percent of traders who use banana leaves as their merchandise packaging.

The Halal Industrial Estate (HIE) in East Java has enormous potential to capitalize on the global trend of increasing demand for halal products. As a country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia is expected to seize this opportunity through regulations that support the development of HZs, which can not only improve the competitiveness of local products but also expected to contribute to overall economic growth. However, challenges in the development of HEC need to be overcome through close cooperation between the government, industry players, and the community. Socialization of the importance of halal certification and its benefits for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) should also be improved to motivate business actors. This study takes a qualitative approach and literature review to understand how government regulations can support the development of the halal industry in Sidoarjo. The findings show that with the right regulations, KIH can function as a halal industry center that meets local needs and can compete in the global market. The strategic steps recommended by the government include increasing local production capacity, strengthening the halal ecosystem from upstream to downstream, and creating a competitive market environment. With these strategic steps, it is expected that East Java can optimize its role in the halal industry.

Despite their apparent differences, mathematics and biology are increasingly being used in tandem to model and analyze a wide range of biological processes. This article addresses the use of multiple methods, including population modeling, differential equations, mathematical genetics, and epidemiology, to the study of biology, a field known as biomathematics. Genetic dynamics and the behavior of biological systems, such as population expansion and disease transmission, are understood through mathematical modeling. SIR and SEIR models are used in epidemiology to describe how infectious diseases spread throughout a population. This journal emphasizes the value of mathematical approaches in comprehending intricate biological systems and the necessity of interdisciplinary research between mathematics and biology to address both theoretical and practical issues through a review of the literature. The purpose of this article is to explain the relationship between mathematics and biology and the application of mathematical models in the analysis of biological phenomena. This article uses a literature study writing method by recording research problems, analyzing, and collaborating different thoughts.

This research aims to describe and analyze language errors in 5 procedural texts produced by SMPIT Darul Muta'allimin students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of documents. The results obtained contained language errors in the categories of morphology, phonology, spelling and signs which included: 2 morphological errors, 4 phonological errors, and 1 spelling and punctuation error.

Science plays a crucial role in human life as it helps us understand the universe through observation, experimentation, and analysis. In education, science not only teaches scientific concepts but also fosters scientific attitudes and critical thinking skills in students. To make science education more meaningful, interactive, and relevant, a deep understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) is essential. This study aims to explore the understanding, benefits, and application of scientific concepts in the teaching and learning process to shape students' scientific attitudes. Using a literature review method, this research gathers information from various relevant academic sources. The findings indicate that science encompasses elements of philosophy, sociology, history, and psychology that support scientific understanding. By understanding NOS, students will view science as a process of knowledge discovery, rather than merely a collection of facts. The application of science in education also impacts students' ability to apply knowledge in practical contexts, enhance their analytical skills, and adapt to societal changes.

Diet is a method or effort to regulate the amount, frequency and type of food with descriptive information including maintaining health, nutritional status, preventing or helping cure disease. Gastric pain is pain or discomfort that occurs in the stomach area, especially in the upper part of the stomach, which is usually related to problems with the stomach or digestive system. One of the factors that causes students to develop stomach pain or gastritis is improper eating patterns. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of stomach pain in IKM Unima 2022 students. The method used was quantitative research using descriptive methods and a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 146 and the sample was 107 respondents with data analysis using SPSS version 2022. The research shows a relationship between diet and the incidence of stomach pain in public health students, where the chi-square test results ρ-value 0.028 < α 0.05. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of stomach pain in IKM Unima 2022 students.

Indonesia is a diverse nation with a wide range of religions, ethnicities, cultures, languages, and traditions spread across its vast territory from Sabang to Merauke. This diversity, on the one hand, serves as a strength of the nation, yet on the other hand, it also carries the potential for conflict if not managed properly through the practice of tolerance. Students, as agents of change, hold a strategic role in maintaining harmony and peace, both within campus environments and in society at large. This study aims to analyze the implementation of tolerance values among university students in order to achieve peace in a plural society. The research employs a library research method with a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing relevant literature on tolerance, students, and social peace. The findings reveal that students’ tolerance can be manifested in academic settings, organizational activities, social interactions, and religious practices. However, its implementation faces challenges such as intolerance, radicalism, identity politics, and the misuse of social media. Strengthening tolerance values can be carried out through multicultural education, character building, and student engagement in cross-cultural and interfaith organizations. Thus, students are not only academic individuals but also moral, social, and intellectual role models who can serve as key drivers in fostering peace and harmony within Indonesia’s diverse society.

Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MIPA) education has a very important role in shaping a smart, creative and innovative generation, in line with Indonesia's national education goals. This article explores the contribution of MIPA in improving the quality of education in Indonesia, especially through the development of critical and analytical thinking skills. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach, and is supported by interviews with teachers in East Kalimantan. The results showed that MIPA learning can help learners develop scientific skills and form positive characters such as honesty, consistency and logical thinking. In addition, teachers, principals and parents have a crucial role in supporting the improvement of education quality. With the synergy of various parties, the integration of MIPA materials is expected to realize the goals of national education, namely creating a society that is intelligent, noble, and ready to face global challenges.    

Carrots are one of the abundant agricultural products in Wonolelo Village, Magelang. This type of root vegetable contains various nutrients such as Vitamin A, β-carotene, and fiber, which are beneficial for eye health and boosting the immune system against infections. The consumption of fresh carrots is less favored by the community, especially children, so carrot-based processed products in the form of healthy beverages like carrot ice cream can be an attractive and healthy alternative for consumption. The purpose of this activity is to explore the processing of carrots to maximize harvests and optimize the selling value and functionality of carrots as a healthy and appealing product for children. This training uses practical methods, allowing participants to practice and directly process carrots into ice cream. The conclusion of this activity is that it provides insight into carrot processing innovations for the PKK mothers in Wonolelo Village, specifically on how to turn carrots into ice cream, thereby increasing the selling value of carrots, which impacts the welfare of the community, especially carrot farmers.

Community Service Program (KKN) are one of the mandatory programs that must be carried out by students. This TOGA knowledge increasing activity is a form of the Community Service Program (KKN) work program which aims to increase the knowledge and skills of SMAN 2 Dumai students in cultivating family medicinal plants (TOGA). TOGA can be used to treat various diseases such as fever, fever, cough, stomach ache and itching. Usually the medicinal plants chosen are plants for first aid for minor illnesses such as fever and cough. Through training activities and TOGA planting practices on empty school land, students, especially PMR members, are actively involved in the cultivation process. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' awareness of the benefits of TOGA and their ability to identify and care for various types of medicinal plants. Apart from that, the presence of TOGA in the school environment also contributes to creating a healthier and more beautiful learning environment.

Community Service Program (KKN) are one of the mandatory programs that must be carried out by students. This TOGA knowledge increasing activity is a form of the Community Service Program (KKN) work program which aims to increase the knowledge and skills of SMAN 2 Dumai students in cultivating family medicinal plants (TOGA). TOGA can be used to treat various diseases such as fever, fever, cough, stomach ache and itching. Usually the medicinal plants chosen are plants for first aid for minor illnesses such as fever and cough. Through training activities and TOGA planting practices on empty school land, students, especially PMR members, are actively involved in the cultivation process. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' awareness of the benefits of TOGA and their ability to identify and care for various types of medicinal plants. Apart from that, the presence of TOGA in the school environment also contributes to creating a healthier and more beautiful learning environment.

In this digital era, MSME players should utilize digital media as a marketing strategy for their products so that consumers become more familiar with the products produced by these MSMEs. This community service activity aims to help Kedai 57 which operates in the food and beverage sector in optimizing digital marketing through social media Instagram and TikTok as well as digital media Google Maps, Google Site and Email Business as marketing tools and QRIS to facilitate transactions at Kedai 57 . This activity is carried out by creating Instagram and TikTok social media accounts, planning and creating content, as well as training in using social media as well as developing digital media Google Maps, Google Site, and Email Business and QRIS. The results of this activity show that there has been an increase in the average daily income generated by Kedai 57. The increase in average daily income can be seen from the average daily income in April 2024 before community service and the average daily income in May and June 2024 when community service is carried out. This community service activity has provided assistance to Kedai 57 in developing its business and provided knowledge and understanding of implementing digitalization for MSMEs in general and digital marketing in particular.

This research was conducted at IKM Batik Rasya. The aim of this research is to find out how to calculate the production costs of abstract batik cloth at IKM Batik Rasya and to find out how to calculate the production costs of abstract batik cloth in accordance with the order system. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The analysis carried out is calculating the current cost of production by determining the Job Order Costing method, then comparing the calculation rate for the cost of production with the previous method. This research data was obtained from observations, interviews and documentation with the owner of IKM Batik Rasya. The results of the research show that from calculations using the Job Order Costing method, when compared with the rates set by the IKM Batik Rasya, calculations using the Job Order Costing method provide calculation results for the basic production cost of job order costing of IDR 38,976,000.00 with a price per unit of IDR 194.880,00, while the total calculation for the IKM Batik Rasya cost of production is IDR 35.422.000,00 with a price per unit of IDR 177.110,00, so the difference in calculation between the two is IDR 3,554,000.00

In the Riau Islands, especially on Ngenang Island, weaving activities have become part of the life of the Malay community. This initiative to develop and produce woven fabric aims to preserve culture as well as empower women and improve the local economy. This research aims to determine the role of the Batam City Department of Industry and Trade (Disperindag) in empowering the community through groups of woven cloth craftsmen on Ngenang Island. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. The data sources for this research come from primary and secondary data. Research results based on (1) support the development of small and medium industries (IKM), including the weaving industry. (2) empowerment efforts carried out through guidance and technical support, which helps in developing technical skills and innovation in woven motifs (3) the government responds quickly to the needs of craftsmen by providing funds, looms and raw materials, increasing production efficiency and quality of woven fabrics resulting from. In conclusion, the role of the government on Ngenang Island is not only as a regulator, but also as a dynamist and facilitator in strengthening the weaving industry as part of an inclusive and sustainable local economic development strategy.