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Corrections is one of the subsystems in criminal justice in Indonesia which carries out legal implementation in the field of treatment of prisoners, inmates and children. Corrections function in providing services, guidance, social guidance, care, security and supervision for inmates, without exception. This function is carried out based on the regulations that have been regulated in the statutory provisions. When inmates are placed in correctional institutions, they tend to experience changes in mental health caused by stress and depression as well as feelings of loneliness experienced by inmates. Therefore, correctional institutions have a role in restoring the mental health experienced by inmates. In carrying out its role, correctional institutions also experience obstacles which of course can have an impact on the implementation of the role of correctional institutions. This research uses deep research methods with descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the research that has been conducted show that correctional institutions have a role in restoring the mental health experienced by inmates. This can be seen from the programs carried out by correctional institutions to support the recovery of the mental health of inmates, although there are several obstacles, correctional institutions are still trying to carry out their role.

In Indonesia's correctional system, correctional institutions play a vital role, particularly in educating offenders, including juvenile offenders. Juvenile offenders are individuals under 17 years of age or those who do not yet possess an ID card, commonly referred to as children. Since children are in their developmental stage and are vulnerable to environmental influences that may worsen their psychosocial condition, rehabilitation often poses significant challenges for them. Therefore, correctional institutions are responsible for providing training that encompasses rehabilitation, social reintegration, and punishment. In this context, the rehabilitation process aims to fulfill the rights of children in correctional facilities, including access to formal and non-formal education, life skills training, and psychological counseling. The objective of this training is to equip children with the necessary skills to reintegrate into society after serving their sentence. Moreover, correctional institutions also play a role in fostering a sense of responsibility and self-esteem in juvenile offenders, enabling them to become active and positive members of society. The purpose of this study is to examine how correctional institutions contribute to the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders and the challenges faced in implementing rehabilitation programs that align with children's rights. The research findings reveal that, despite efforts by correctional institutions to implement various rehabilitation programs, such as education, skills training, and psychological counseling, there is still much to be improved.    

Overcrowded condition is a condition where correctional institutions or State Detention Centers have too large a capacity because the increasing number of inmates is not comparable to the prison or detention center facilities. Permenkumham Number 11 of 2017 is used as a reference for implementing an action plan for handling overcrowded in Indonesia, which includes four main programs: regulatory arrangement, institutional strengthening, provision of infrastructure, and empowerment of human resources. This study aims to identify the methods used to handle overcrowded residents in Class II B Pemalang Detention Center and to find barriers that hinder the process. The researcher used a qualitative research method to determine the factors that hinder the implementation of handling overcrowded residents in Class II B Pemalang Detention Center. The results of the study indicate that handling overcrowded residents in Class II B Pemalang Detention Center has been going well because of remissions, solid internal institutions, good relationships with government institutions or organizations, and empowerment of correctional officers. In addition, handling overcrowded residents in Class II B Pemalang Detention Center faces several obstacles. One of them is the number of correctional officers which is too many compared to the number of prison inmates, as well as facilities and infrastructure which are not optimal.

Correctional institutions are very important in the Indonesian criminal justice system. Here, prisoners receive education and training to reintegrate into society. They still have the same basic rights. This concept evolved from the changing values and goals of the criminal justice system. Indonesia is transitioning to restorative justice to transform prisoners into mentally and physically healthy individuals, who can contribute to society. The protection of the basic rights of prisoners is an obligation in every correctional institution. This is not only because it is a human right of prisoners, but it is also regulated in the Corrections Act. Furthermore, the realization of these basic rights can help the education and development process of prisoners in correctional institutions.

The culture of corruption that is pervasive in Indonesian society presents major challenges for Correctional Institutions, especially in maintaining financial integrity. The prison treasurer has a strategic role in responding to this phenomenon through a series of steps such as implementing a transparent financial management system, increasing strict internal supervision, and regular training for employees regarding ethics and integrity. Apart from that, community involvement and collaboration with external institutions are also needed to strengthen accountability and ensure that efforts to eradicate corruption are effective. Through a comprehensive and collaborative approach, prisons strive to create an environment that is clean and free from corruption. These efforts are not only focused on internal reform, but also on strengthening relations between government institutions, civil society and the private sector, in order to build a system that is more accountable and has high integrity. In the midst of existing progress, significant challenges still hinder this effort, but multidimensional efforts are expected to provide long-term positive impacts.

This study examines the religious transformation of inmates through the Christian spiritual guidance program at Class I Correctional Facility in Medan. The program aims to enhance inmates' spiritual awareness and behavioral change through worship, Bible study, and spiritual counseling. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results show that the Christian spiritual guidance program positively impacts inmates, contributing to significant behavioral changes, increased religious awareness, and deeper spiritual understanding. However, several challenges were identified, including limited resources, insufficient supervision, and a lack of adequate facilities. This study recommends improvements to the program’s implementation to achieve more sustainable outcomes and to address the existing challenges.  

This study aims to find out and analyze the impact of the overcapacity of correctional institutions on the development of Class II Ende prison residents reviewed from Law No. 22 of 2022. This research uses a type of empirical juridical research by conducting field interviews with the Class II B Ende Prison and its Correctional Assisted Citizens, then conducting a study of literature materials by reading, studying, studying, and analyzing literature to develop an assessment related to the title of this thesis. The results of the study show that the impact caused by overcapacity affects the comfort of WBP due to congestion in residential spaces, affects the psychological well-being of WBP, the difficulty of WBP obtaining access to coaching in the independence development program, and also affects the level of security of WBP and Prison Officers, to overcome that the Class II B Ende Prison makes efforts by implementing matters related to regulations on coaching that stated in Law No. 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections, optimizing the effectiveness of alternative criminal penalties other than prison sentences and evaluating and continuing to develop coaching programs in prisons.

The enactment of the 2023 Criminal Code shows a change in the direction of punishment in Indonesia. The 2023 Criminal Code emphasises the purpose of punishment on prevention, correction, and restoration of balance, in contrast to the old Criminal Code which was more oriented towards providing deterrent effects. This is proven by the emergence of alternative punishment in the form of supervision punishment and social work punishment. The purpose of this study is to examine whether this alternative punishment is appropriate when viewed from the purpose of punishment and how the implementation of alternative punishment in other countries. This alternative punishment not only provides a more humane and restorative punishment option, but is also expected to overcome the problem of overcapacity of Correctional Institutions (Lapas). In addition, this research discusses the implementation of alternative punishment in other countries, such as the Netherlands and Portugal, which have proven effective in reducing the prison population and recidivism rate. By using normative juridical research method, the author makes the Criminal Code 2023 as the main legal basis to be analysed.

The implementation of the training of prisoners on the basis of the system of socialization aims to ensure that the prisoner becomes a good citizen of society, obeying the law, upholding moral, social and religious values, so as to a safe, orderly and peaceful life of the community in accordance with the Law No. 22 Year 2022 on Socialization. How is the application of the principles of women's marketing in construction at the Women's Marketing Institute of Class IIA in Bandar Lampung, how is the obstacle to the application in the Women ' s Marketing Institution of Class IIIA and how is it possible to overcome the obstacles to the implementation of the principle of women’s Marketing in construction in the women' s marketing institutions of Class IA in bandar Lampung? Data analysis using qualitative data analysis. The implementation of the principles of establishment on the construction of the Women's Marketing Institute of the IIA Class of Bandar Lampung refers to the existing procedures and has been implemented in accordance with the procedures existing, implemented the principle of establishing after passing through four stages, namely the orientation stage, the assimilation stage for the prisoners who have run less than 1/3 of the criminal period, the asimilation level for the inmates who have passed less than 1⁄2 of the penal period as well as the stage of integration with the community environment. The way to overcome the obstacles to the implementation of the principles of promotion in the construction of the Women's Marketing Institute of Class IIA in Bandar Lampung is by submitting the formation of additional female employees, maximizing the function of the female citizens' bloc officers, improving the quality of the staff or officers and adding the means and facilities in the building of women's citizens.

This research analyzes the role of the Kupang Class II Correctional Center (BAPAS) in guiding and developing children in conflict with the law. Using an empirical legal method, the study relies on primary and secondary data. The issue of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia is escalating, with 1,885 cases reported in 2018 and 1,098 in 2020. Notably, children are involved in physical violence (58 cases), sexual violence (44 cases), and theft (22 cases). This highlights the urgent need for institutions like BAPAS to support, develop, and supervise these children. The research addresses two main questions: (1) What is the role of BAPAS in guiding and mentoring children in conflict with the law? and (2) What challenges does BAPAS face in the juvenile justice system? The findings reveal that BAPAS's role is divided into three stages: (a) pre-adjudication guidance and development, (b) support during the trial process (adjudication), and (c) assistance post-trial. BAPAS encounters challenges primarily related to the families of the children, as well as difficulties faced by community guidance officers in providing effective assistance. It is crucial for BAPAS to develop persuasive communication skills to engage families and encourage active participation in the rehabilitation process. This includes involvement in training and understanding the community's role in supporting children in conflict with the law.  

This study is entitled Improving the Effectiveness of Correctional Institutions as Part of Law Enforcement in Indonesia. The Correctional Institutions or Lapas, is an institution that is part of law enforcement in Indonesia. The purpose of the construction of the prisoner in Lapas is to ensure that the prisoners who have been released from prison remain accepted by the community and can continue to find employment. As a final part of the Criminal Justice System, the efficiency of Lapas functions and duties as a law enforcement agency is essential. The aim of this study is to further analyse the effectiveness of Lapas as part of law enforcement in Indonesia as well as attempts to enhance it if seen from existing facts. In this study, the method of writing normative or doctrinal jurisprudence with the study of library law is to study library materials such as reading and examining scientific books, e-journals of law, regulations of legislation, and various kinds of literature that have relevance to the subject and object of this research.

Child sexual abuse is a very complex and sensitive issue in society. The rapid development of society and the increase in crime have an impact on interactions that often violate the law, creating a sense of security, peace and order in society. The crime of sexual abuse of minors is committed by adults and children themselves, and is an important problem to be discussed. The purpose of this study is 1. to find out the efforts made by law enforcers in overcoming sexual abuse of minors 2. to find out how the application of sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual abuse of minors. This research uses normative juridical methods, namely legal research conducted on legal norms contained in laws and regulations relating to the criminal offense of child abuse and the provisions of the law. The results of research and discussion show that law enforcement efforts in overcoming child abuse include several steps, namely: conducting investigations and investigations, prosecution of perpetrators, analyzing and considering in deciding cases, conducting supervision and monitoring to correctional institutions and focusing on victim protection with strict law enforcement. The application of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of child abuse through several stages, namely the process of investigation and investigation of investigation and prosecution.    

The crime of corruption is one part of a special crime in addition to having certain specifications that are different from general crimes. White Collar Crime is a term applied to people who wear ties who have high intelligence and commit criminal acts of corruption. As we all know, corruption is an extraordinary crime. Not only because it costs the state money, but it has an impact on all development programs, the low quality and quality of education, the low quality of facilities, equipment and infrastructure, as well as the problem of poverty that has not been addressed. Corruptors have taken away people's rights, human rights, and are against humanity. The principles of democracy which uphold transparency, accountability and integrity, as well as the security and stability of the Indonesian nation are threatened due to corruption crimes. Many corruptors who have been found guilty by the court and undergoing training in correctional institutions can quickly return to society because they have obtained their rights as correctional inmates, one of which is obtaining the conditional release program. The role of the Medan Class I Correctional Center is needed to realize the effectiveness of mentoring clients for criminal acts of corruption who are undergoing conditional release so that they can be accepted in society. Guidance provided to clients who have committed criminal acts of corruption must be carried out under supervision to determine the effectiveness of each guidance program provided until the guidance is finally terminated.

As a country with an overcapacity prison composition of 265,897 people, Indonesia ranks seventh with the most prisoners in the world. In response to this, the government has made several efforts to reduce the density of prisoners, one of which is by providing remissions. However, granting remissions is actually seen as less effective and actually creates differences in the development process in Correctional Institutions (Lapas). Another problem is how to overcome the dilemma of granting remission to prisoners from the perspective of the national legal system. The research method used in this research is a juridical-normative research method with descriptive analytical research specifications which analytically describe the applicable laws and regulations both at home and abroad and legal theories linked to research problems. Analysis of legal materials uses qualitative juridical analysis. The results of this research indicate that the background to the policy of granting remissions to prisoners needs to be tightened so that it can fulfill a sense of justice for society. Apart from that, regarding the policy of granting remissions to prisoners, it is necessary to consider the legal framework of similar policies implemented in England, Ireland or Canada because the tightening of remissions in these countries has resulted in not all prisoners getting remissions or parole.

Corrections are activities that provide guidance for Correctional Inmates (WBP) which are carried out by correctional institutions in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 22 of 2022. Carrying out prison guidance also contributes to the reintegration of Inmates into society. The goal is for inmates to become better people when they are free. The aim of this research is to see how the program for fostering children's independence is used to prevent crime, especially at the Batam Class II Special Children's Penitentiary. This research was conducted there using a normative juridical approach. To do this, literature studies, observations and interviews were carried out. Data sources include structured interviews, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and laws relating to the development of child prisoners. The research results show that Law Number 22 of 2022 and other laws that complement it can function as a legal basis for fostering the independence of child prisoners. This will enable the implementation of fostering independence for child prisoners to be clearer so that the determination process can run as it should.

Skills are a product of the fostered child development system for children in conflict with the law (ABH) and are an embodiment of justice with the aim of gaining social personality or restoring unity in the relationship between prisoners and society. Not only as a direction or goal of correctional crime, but also as a treatment of prisoners because educating children who are in conflict with the law (ABH) is not an effort or medium to take revenge or take revenge. Educational dimension development includes an understanding that the imposition of criminal sanctions can empower the social life of children who are in conflict with the law to have a healthy social personality. This research study is to ascertain how the coaching pattern is carried out in order to achieve an increase in the skills of the target children at the Batam Class II Batam Class II Special Development Institute for Children in accordance with Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections. Empirical legal studies are a type of research that is used by making observations in collecting data as well as using a literature study and documentation approach as support. Books, journal articles and other forms of scientific writing were used. The results of the study show that the implementation of the skills program in optimizing social independence for assisted children at the Batam Class II Special Development Institute for Children has been implemented optimally although it still requires improvement, while Internal and External Factors are obstacles. implementation of skills acceleration in LPKA Class II BATAM.

A correctional institution is a place that has the function of providing training for prisoners to carry out what the court has decided for them. The end of the judicial settlement process lies with the Correctional Institution, whether or not the criminal justice objectives are successful can be seen from the results that have been achieved and issued by the correctional institution in the entire criminal justice process. The type of research used is normative research, namely normative legal research or library research. The position of Correctional Institutions (Lapas) is as the final sub-system which directly deals with prisoners to carry out guidance. Tasked with providing community guidance and community services, guidance for correctional clients in accordance with applicable laws and regulations as well as rehabilitation and resocialization of law violators, even to crime prevention. The Role of Correctional Institutions in Indonesia is Linked to the Purpose of Punishment. The existence of correctional institutions in Indonesia carries out three very important roles, namely: carrying out law enforcement, the role of coaching and internal strengthening of correctional institutions. The suggestion that the author puts forward is that the government should provide the facilities and infrastructure needed by correctional institutions to develop correctional inmates with the aim of returning correctional inmates to society so that they can live independently and be useful in society. So that correctional institutions can increase their role and function effectively in providing guidance to inmates.

The social issue in giving to prisoners who have committed criminal acts of narcotics abuse is the prisoner's right to receive a reduced sentence if they have good behavior while undergoing training. In principle, remission is to create a correctional system that leads to the process of rehabilitation and resocialization of prisoners. The correctional system which started from prison then turned into a correctional system. Penitentiary institutions are no longer a place for revenge, but are a place for convict development.The nature of the research used is normative legal research and the data collection method used in this research is secondary data obtained through library research, namely by conducting research on various literature such as books, laws, with the aim of to look for concepts, or understandings related to the problem of Prison Criminal Efficiency in Changing Prisoner Behavior (Study at Class III Langkat Youth Correctional Institution. A convict is a person who is serving a sentence for a criminal offense or a convict who is serving his sentence in a correctional institution where some of his freedom has been lost. Whereas the regulations regarding remissions start from Government Regulation No. 32 of 1999, the conditions for granting remissions, one of which is for narcotics convicts, are the conditions for granting remissions so that their implementation reflects the values ​​of justice.The mechanism for the process of granting remissions for narcotics crimes in Narcotics Correctional Institutions is that the stages of granting remissions are carried out by submitting an application for remission to the Minister of Law and Human Rights. Then the Head of Prisons makes an assessment with the correctional assessment team of the prisoner. The Head of Prisons and the Correctional Observer Team then held a hearing to discuss the request for remission accompanied by supporting data.

In order to prevent the distribution and use of narcotics in detention centers, narcotics dealers are subject to a specific minimum penalty for the type of punishment that can be imposed on criminals. The social issue in giving to prisoners who have committed criminal acts of narcotics abuse is the prisoner's right to receive a reduced sentence if they have good behavior while undergoing training. The nature of the research used is normative legal research and the data collection method used in this research is secondary data obtained through library research, namely by conducting research on various literature such as books, laws, with the aim of to look for concepts or understandings related to the problem of the Family Visiting Service System for Inmates in the Class II B Tanjung Pura Detention Center. Legal Arrangements for the Family Visiting Service System for Inmates in the Class II B Tanjung Pura Detention Center can be interpreted as a place where people are gathered who violate the rules and norms that exist in society. Meanwhile, the principle adopted by correctional institutions is to position prisoners as subjects who are seen as individuals, ordinary citizens, and as creatures of God. Based on this, in prison prisoners receive guidance and guidance with the hope that after completing their sentence, prisoners can socialize with the community and improve their skills so they can live independently in society. Factors Inhibiting the Family Visiting Service System for Inmates in the Class II B Detention Center in Tanjung Pura, from children to adults, are not free from narcotics, in Indonesian law enforcement the morning criminal sanctions for narcotics dealers do not seem to be feared by the dealers because it is proven by Year after year the problem of narcotics always increases.

The granting of the rights of prisoners to the treatment of fellow prisoners in Class I Medan detention centres on the type of punishment that can be imposed on the perpetrators of criminal offences of prisoners in Class I Medan detention centres who commit criminal offences of narcotics abuse is the right of prisoners to get a reduction in punishment if during the guidance they behave well. The nature of the research used is normative legal research and the data collection method used in this research is secondary data obtained through library research, namely by conducting research on various literatures such as books, laws, which aim to find conceptions, or notions related to the problem of Granting Rights to Prisoners Against Treatment of Fellow Prisoners in Medan Class I Detention Centre. The granting of the rights of prisoners to the treatment of fellow prisoners at the Medan Class I Detention Centre can be interpreted as a place where humans who violate the rules and norms that exist in society are gathered. While the principle adopted by correctional institutions is to position prisoners as subjects who are seen as individuals, ordinary citizens, and as creatures of God. Based on this, in the detention centre inmates receive guidance and coaching with the hope that after completing their sentence, inmates can socialise with the community and improve their skills to be able to live independently in the community.