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This study investigates the influence of Brand Image, Product Quality, and the use of Social Media on consumers’ purchasing decisions to Wardah facial cream. Using a quantitative method with purposive sampling technique, this study involved 120 Wardah product users in the West Semarang area. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and processed using SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that product quality and social media usage have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, whereas brand image shows a positive but insignificant effect. This suggests that consumers tend to prioritize tangible attributes such as product quality and active engagement through social media over brand perception The model explains 75.2% of the variance in purchasing decisions (Adjusted R² = 0.752), highlighting the strong explanatory power of the variables examined. Practically, the findings suggest that marketers should prioritize product quality and optimize social media campaigns to boost customer engagement and loyalty, while reassessing brand perception strategies.

This study aims to develop interactive PowerPoint-based audio-visual learning media for Grade X Economics and to test its feasibility and effectiveness in improving student activity and learning outcomes. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of students in grades X6 and X7 at SMA N 1 Ngluar and SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Muntilan. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. The feasibility test results showed that the interactive PowerPoint media was considered very feasible to use, with an average score of 4.6 from subject matter experts, 4.8 from media experts, 4.45 from teachers, and 4.5 from students. The effectiveness test showed N-Gain Scores for activity and learning outcomes of 0.42 and 0.58, respectively, at SMA N 1 Ngluar and 0.44 and 0.55 at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Muntilan. Thus, interactive PowerPoint media is effective in increasing student activity and learning outcomes in economics learning.

This study is motivated by the moral and spiritual crisis affecting modern leadership systems, where the exercise of power often prioritizes material and political interests over ethical values and social responsibility. In this context, the concept of Malay Islamic Leadership is considered relevant as an alternative model that integrates moral, spiritual, and local cultural values to establish a just and civilized governance framework. The purpose of this study is to describe the fundamental principles of Malay Islamic leadership, analyze the implementation of its moral and spiritual values, and assess its relevance in addressing the challenges of modern leadership. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained through literature reviews of books, journal articles, and academic documents discussing Islamic leadership and Malay culture. The results indicate that Malay Islamic leadership is founded on the values of amanah (trustworthiness), ‘adl (justice), hikmah (wisdom), and syura (consultation), while taqwa (piety) serves as the core of a leader’s spirituality. These values are proven to be relevant in the modern context as they address ethical crises, strengthen leaders’ integrity, and reorient leadership toward service and the welfare of the community.

This study examines the transformation of Prophet Muhammad’s concept of governance within the framework of Islamic Constitutional Law and its relevance and implementation in Indonesia’s modern governmental system. The governance established by the Prophet in Medina laid the foundation of a state order grounded in monotheism, justice, consultation, and the rule of law. These principles reflect the essence of Islamic governance that upholds morality, equality, and social responsibility. This research employs a qualitative approach using normative-historical methods by exploring classical and constitutional Islamic sources such as the Medina Charter, the Qur’an, and Hadith, then comparing them with Indonesia’s constitutional principles as embodied in the 1945 Constitution. The findings indicate a strong alignment between the values of Prophet Muhammad’s governance and Indonesia’s constitutional system, particularly in aspects of social justice, people’s participation, and respect for the law. Nonetheless, differences exist in terms of the foundation of power legitimacy and the source of legal authority. The study concludes that the governance model of Prophet Muhammad can serve as a moral and ethical reference for strengthening modern Indonesian governance without altering the democratic principles of Pancasila. Thus, the universal values of Islamic governance remain relevant and adaptable to the modern state context..

The form of historicization in literary criminology views criminality as the result of power relations, unequal social structures, and history. Criminal acts in historicization are always placed in a specific time and place context, tracing how a behavior is considered “criminal” or “against the law” depending on the historical construction formed by the legal system, the state, and the rulers. Historicization also reveals that what is referred to as crime is not absolute, but can change according to historical developments and power struggles. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of criminalization in the novel Lampuki, which is not merely an individual deviant act, but a reflection of historical trauma and a flawed social structure. The approach used is literary sociology. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with reading and note-taking techniques obtained from the novel Lampuki by Arafat Nur in the form of sentences and paragraphs. The results of the study show that there are seven data points that fall under the form of criminalization of history. From the seven data points, three findings were generalized and discovered in Arafat Nur novel Lampuki, namely: (1) transgenerational trauma of violence, (2) the destruction of the socio-cultural structure, and (3) dark figure of crime.

Constitutionalism plays a fundamental role in limiting state power and ensuring that government authority operates within ethical, legal, and democratic boundaries. Indonesia and Thailand offer two contrasting examples of constitutional development in Southeast Asia. Following the 1998 Reform era, Indonesia successfully strengthened mechanisms of checks and balances through the establishment of the Constitutional Court, decentralization reforms, and the empowerment of independent oversight bodies. In contrast, Thailand has experienced repeated cycles of military intervention, where post-coup constitutions have served not as tools to restrict state power, but rather as instruments legitimizing centralized authority and military dominance.This article synthesizes existing scholarly literature and identifies critical research gaps related to constitutionalism studies in both countries. First, there remains a scarcity of long-term empirical and quantitative studies assessing the effectiveness of constitutional limitations on executive, legislative, and judicial power. Second, current research has insufficiently examined informal political practices, including patronage networks, oligarchic influence, and military entrenchment within state institutions. Third, comparative constitutional studies covering the 2014–2025 period remain limited, particularly in assessing post-authoritarian and post-coup constitutional dynamics.The findings of this review highlight the need for deeper interdisciplinary research, integrating political science, legal studies, and institutional analysis to better understand the evolving nature of constitutionalism in Southeast Asia.

In modern soccer, lower-limb power is a crucial component that determines an athlete’s performance in sprinting, kicking, and jumping. This study aimed to compare the effects of Squat jump and Hexagon jump plyometric exercises on lower limb power in youth soccer athletes from Garuda Timur Football Academy Surabaya. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest two group design involving 12 athletes aged 14–17 years. Participants were divided into two groups of six: a Hexagon jump group and a Squat jump group. Lower limb power was assessed using the vertical jump test before and after the training intervention. Data were analyzed using the Matched Subject Ordinal Pairing (MSOP) method to determine the relative effectiveness of both training types. The results indicated that both exercises significantly improved athletes’ vertical jump performance. However, the Hexagon jump exercise showed greater effectiveness, with a winning proportion of 67% (4 out of 6 pairs) compared to 33% for the Squat jump. The superior results of the Hexagon jump group were attributed to its multidirectional movement pattern, which provides greater stimulation of coordination, balance, and neuromuscular reactivity. Therefore, it can be concluded that Hexagon jump training is more effective than Squat jump in enhancing lower limb power among youth soccer athletes.

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of authoritarian backsliding or democratic regression in Southeast Asia, focusing on Indonesia and Thailand. Conceptually, backsliding refers to the gradual weakening of democracy through formal and legal mechanisms by political actors within the system itself. The research employs a literature study method, analyzing academic sources and international reports relevant to the topic. The findings indicate that both Indonesia and Thailand have experienced democratic decline characterized by the consolidation of executive power, the weakening of oversight institutions, and restrictions on civil liberties. In Indonesia, democratic regression occurs primarily through executive aggrandizement and strategic manipulation of elections, while in Thailand, it manifests through promissory coups under military dominance. The study concludes that democratic decline in Southeast Asia often occurs not through overt authoritarian takeovers but through a subtle erosion of democratic institutions that undermines popular sovereignty.

This quantitative study analyzes the influence of Ship Docking Schedule (X1), Port Availability (X2), and Loading and Unloading Productivity (X3) on Vessel Waiting Time (Y) at Tanjung Intan Cilacap Port. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 86 vessel crew respondents and analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression (SPSS v.26). The t-test results indicate that X1, X2, and X3 individually exert a positive and significant influence on Y.1 The regression model demonstrates robust predictive power, explaining 55.2% of the variance in vessel waiting time (R^2{adj}=0.552). Based on the standardized beta coefficients, the Ship Docking Schedule (X1, \beta=0,385) is identified as the most dominant factor, followed by Loading and Unloading Productivity (X3, \beta=0,302) and Port Availability (X2, \beta=0,307).1 This finding confirms that optimizing maritime logistics performance, particularly in bulk terminals facing physical constraints, requires prioritizing procedural efficiency and scheduling accuracy.

This study aims to analyze the role of mass media in influencing the escalation of social conflict in society. Mass media, both conventional and digital, have significant power in shaping public opinion and influencing public perceptions of sensitive social issues. In the context of Indonesia's pluralistic society, non-objective and provocative reporting can accelerate the rise of social tensions and exacerbate intergroup conflict. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a literature review method, drawing on sources from various scientific journals, books, and previous research reports. The results indicate that media can act as both a trigger and a mitigator of conflict, depending on how information is presented to the public. Media that prioritizes the principles of peace journalism can help create cross-group communication, foster empathy, and strengthen social solidarity. Conversely, biased and sensational media can exacerbate differences and lead to social disintegration. Therefore, media practitioners require moral responsibility, professional ethics, and social awareness to ensure their function remains oriented toward truth, justice, and peace. Thus, mass media holds a strategic position in building social harmony amidst the diversity of Indonesian society.

This study investigates the impact of ethical norms in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) on personalized learning satisfaction among college students in Guizhou. The research focuses on how ethical aspects, such as data privacy, algorithmic fairness, and transparency, affect students' experiences with AI-driven educational tools. It underscores the importance of user control, ethics training, and system transparency in building trust and promoting active engagement in AI-powered learning environments. Findings from a sample of 388 college students reveal that when students are informed about the ethical considerations behind AI technologies and have control over their data, they exhibit higher satisfaction with personalized learning experiences. Furthermore, the study highlights that the integration of ethical principles into AI applications leads to a more supportive and trustworthy educational environment, improving overall learning outcomes. This research emphasizes that ethical AI practices are essential for fostering a positive and productive learning experience in the context of higher education.

Rapid and precise handling in determining fault locations is essential to accelerate post-fault recovery and minimize economic losses caused by power outages. Several methods employed to identify fault locations include Single Ended and Double Ended analysis. This paper discusses the Selective Mode Double Ended Fault Locator Method, an enhancement of the IEEE C37.114 Double Ended method. This approach involves selecting maximum fault data values for Near Side (NS) and Far Side (FS) calculations, taking into account the differential or angle difference of the sequence between the two sides. The Double Ended calculation results from the total sample values are used to determine the mode, which serves as the final output of this Fault Locator method. This method is designed to identify faults and their locations with high accuracy and speed. Based on the research findings, the Selective Mode Double Ended (SMDE) method provides more accurate fault locator analysis compared to the Single Ended and Double Ended methods. The accuracy achieved with the Single Ended method is 90.9%, with the Double Ended method reaching 94.9%, and with the Selective Mode Double Ended (SMDE) method achieving 99.9%.

Indubitably, digital accounting platforms have proven to be a key element in financial management, especially in the contemporary era. They not only promise but guarantee improved accuracy, analytical depth, and reduced delays. In Kenya, the popularity of cloud-based accounting, AI-powered analytics, and enterprise-resource modules is quickly growing, although adoption still remains uneven across organization sizes, regions, and sectors. This journal’s primary objective was to explore the numerous challenges Kenyan accountants encounter when implementing digital accounting platforms and the strategies they utilize to address and overcome these challenges. Regarding methodology, the paper reviews the existing body of literature, including expert reviews, policy documents, and professional reports, to evaluate six critical barriers: infrastructural limitations, change resistance, financial constraints, human capital shortages, ambiguities in ethical and regulatory areas and the challenges that impact technical integration. It also includes a discussion of the most practical plans of action that practitioners in the field of accounting can employ to adapt to the current and ever-evolving landscape. This thorough analysis concludes that the sustainable digitalization of the accounting sector in Kenya highly depends on a concerted effort from educational institutions, industry stakeholders, government agencies, and professional bodies. It provides pragmatic recommendations for policymakers and provides suggestions for areas of further research, with a deep emphasis on phased implementation, capacity building, across-the-board empirical research, boosted investment in critical and resilient infrastructure, and functional governance frameworks.

Farmer welfare is indicated by the level of purchasing power, which is calculated based on the ratio between the price index received from agricultural products and the price index paid for household consumption and production inputs. This study aims to analyze the internal and external factors influencing farmers’ welfare in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The research data is primary and secondary data with a mixed method. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to identify the factors that significantly affect farmers’ welfare. The results show that income, commodity prices, household consumption, and agricultural input costs are significant determinants of farmers’ welfare. Income and commodity prices have a positive effect, while agricultural input costs have a negative effect. The coefficient of determination (R²) values of 81.70% for the food crop subsector and 64.67% for the plantation subsector indicate that these variables explain a large portion of the variation in farmers’ welfare in the study area. Increased income increases welfare, but if consumption expenditure and input costs increase more than the increase in income, then farmer welfare will actually decrease. There is a need for policies to stabilize agricultural product prices, reduce production costs, and increase farmer productivity in Kutai Kartanegara Regency by strengthening market access, providing affordable inputs, and implementing technology and training so that agricultural products have added value and farmer welfare increases.

The food and beverage industry are generally known for its stability. Nevertheless, this sub-sector underwent fluctuations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, one of which was in its firm value. The study investigates how firm value is affected by key organizational characteristics, including financial performance, the scale of the firm, and the rate of sales growth. A firm's value is measured by its PBV (Price to Book Value). The study's measure of financial performance is a combination of Return on Equity (ROE) and the CR, DER, and TATO ratios. This study uses a quantitative approach. The study's population is composed of F&B firms publicly traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange throughout 2019–2023. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample based on predefined requirements, leading to a total of 125 samples from 25 companies. Data were processed using WarpPLS version 8.0 to evaluate the research model through model fit, structural testing, and hypothesis testing. The results show that the model meets the required fit indices and has strong explanatory power. The findings reveal that profitability (ROE) and leverage (DER) have a positive and significant effect on firm value, while liquidity (CR) and sales growth exert a negative and significant effect. On the other hand, activity ratio (TATO) and firm size do not significantly influence firm value.

This research aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous influence of Leadership (X₁), Work Motivation (X₂), Compensation (X₃), and Work Environment (X₄) on Employee Performance (Y) at PT. Kalisari Putra Semarang, a company in the transportation sector. Using a quantitative associative method, data were collected from a census of 85 permanent employees (N=85) through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression (SPSS). The results confirmed that all four independent variables significantly and positively influence employee performance (all tₕᵢᵗᵘⁿg > tₜₐᵦᵉᵡ 1.66). Leadership (X₁) was found to be the most dominant factor, with the highest regression coefficient (β = 0.373), followed by Compensation (β = 0.182), Work Environment (β = 0.145), and Work Motivation (β = 0.110). The model demonstrated a strong explanatory power, with the Coefficient of Determination (R²) reaching 0.898, indicating that 89.80% of the variation in employee performance is explained by these factors. The main managerial implication is that improving leadership quality and competency is the most critical factor for maximizing employee performance in this company.

Notarial deeds as authentic instruments hold a crucial role in Indonesia’s civil law evidence system, providing perfect proof under Article 1868 of the Civil Code. However, in practice, such deeds are often denied by one party in court, raising debates about the certainty of their evidentiary power. This study examines the legal consequences of denying a notarial deed for the parties in litigation and the assurance of legal certainty for those holding such deeds. Using R. Soeroso’s Theory of Legal Consequences and Jan Michael Otto’s Theory of Legal Certainty, this normative juridical research employs statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case approaches, with literature-based data collection and interpretative legal analysis. The findings reveal that denial of a notarial deed may create new legal relationships, alter good-faith relations into disputes, and result in sanctions imposed by court rulings. Meanwhile, legal certainty remains guaranteed, as authentic deed regulations are clear, binding, and enforceable, serving as a guideline in resolving disputes and upholding sanctions.  

Body shaming represents a global issue shaped by social constructions and media portrayals of the human body. Individuals who experience body shaming often feel humiliated and intimidated, leading to low self-image and diminished gratitude for their bodies. This study aimed to examine the effect of body shaming education on adolescents’ knowledge levels at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The population included all 41 male and female seventh-grade students, selected through total sampling. Researchers used a validated knowledge questionnaire delivered through a PowerPoint presentation as the data collection instrument. Data analysis applied the Wilcoxon test. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of body shaming education on the level of knowledge of adolescents at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen with a p-value of 0.000 because it is less than 0.05. The suggestion that will be put forward is that it is hoped that all adolescents can increase their understanding of body shaming, to find out the level of knowledge about body shaming in adolescents who are given intervention, and awareness of the impact of body shaming and handling of body shaming in adolescents at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen, adolescents who are given education related to body shaming and surrounding adolescents.

This qualitative study addresses the critical gap between religious diversity and national security in Indonesia by proposing interfaith competence as a strategic imperative. Situated within a constructivist framework, the research investigates the perspectives of Christian educators, positing that their unique position at the intersection of faith formation and pedagogy offers invaluable insights into building sustainable religious harmony. Constructivism provides the analytical lens, emphasizing that understandings of religious "others," security threats, and peaceful coexistence are socially constructed through discourse, experience, and education. Therefore, the development of interfaith competence is not merely an ethical goal but a active process of constructing a shared societal reality resilient to sectarian conflict. The primary objective of this research is to explore how Christian educators conceptualize, practice, and perceive their role in fostering interfaith competence as a contribution to Indonesia's national security architecture. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring patterns and nuanced understandings. The findings reveal that these educators view interfaith competence comprising affective, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions as a vital tool for deconstructing prejudice and building social cohesion. They position their educational practices as essential for shaping citizens who can navigate a multireligious society, thereby mitigating the risks of radicalization and conflict that threaten national integrity. The study concludes that integrating interfaith competence, as articulated by these grassroots actors, into broader national policy offers a proactive, soft-power strategy for safeguarding Indonesia's security, moving beyond purely military or political approaches to foster a collectively constructed resilience.

This research aims to examine the impact of integrating cleaner production practices with green supply chain technologies as a comprehensive approach to achieving environmental sustainability. The study highlights that cleaner production and green supply chain management represent advanced, innovative strategies that have emerged as a response to the growing environmental challenges caused by the rapid expansion and diversification of industrial activities. These technologies are not only environmentally oriented but also carry significant economic implications for organizations. The findings emphasize that adopting cleaner production involves minimizing waste generation, improving production efficiency, and ensuring that processes are designed to have minimal adverse effects on the environment. On the other hand, green supply chain technologies focus on integrating environmental thinking into every stage of the supply chain—ranging from product design, material sourcing, and manufacturing processes to logistics, product delivery, and end-of-life management. The study concludes that the synergy between these two approaches provides multiple benefits. From an environmental perspective, they contribute to reducing carbon emissions, particularly from fuel-powered machinery and transportation systems. They also promote the rational use of resources, including energy, water, and raw materials, thereby helping to preserve natural resources for future generations. From an economic perspective, their implementation leads to reduced operational costs by enhancing efficiency, decreasing waste disposal expenses, and optimizing resource usage. Furthermore, the integration of cleaner production and green supply chain technologies supports compliance with environmental regulations and enhances the corporate image of economic units, enabling them to gain competitive advantages in increasingly eco-conscious markets. Overall, the research affirms that these practices are essential tools for confronting and mitigating the environmental pollution challenges of modern industries, while simultaneously fostering sustainable economic growth and long-term environmental protection.