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The purpose of this article is to determine the forms of leadership in the elderly. The elderly group is the last stage of maturity in a person's life, which requires some kind of Christian education or church teachings, but not everyone reaches that age, so this age is often called the golden age. Most people think they don't need special education as they get older. What is meant by elderly is a person who has reached the age of 60 years and whose physical strength has weakened to such an extent that they are no longer able to earn a living. their strength or endurance and work are already limited. Spiritual formation for the elderly is very necessary to strengthen the faith of the elderly in their old age, whose physical abilities are increasingly decreasing, causing many problems for the elderly. Therefore, by using qualitative methods and a literary approach it can be concluded that the forms of spiritual education given to the elderly are: visits to nursing homes, counseling, worship/fellowship for the elderly, catechism before death, visits to nursing homes. leading prayer and meditation, involving the elderly in services and helping the elderly when they are sick. That's what coaches really need to give to seniors.    

The process of growing old is a phase in a person's life cycle with characteristics found to decrease every function of body organs, such as physical, emotional, psychological conditions and social abilities. Decreased physical function that also occurs in the musculoskeletal system is calcification and decreased production of synovial fluid in the joints. This is the cause of the elderly lazy to move because of pain and stiffness. Lack of movement will cause other health problems such as atrophy or contacture in the muscles.  Lack of physical activity and sedentary behavior, resulting in decreased physical fitness and subsequent impact on physical health, well-being, sleep patterns and quality of life. In the elderly, physical fitness can be maintained with regular physical exercise from an early age, and carrying out a healthy lifestyle. Physical exercise refers more to planned, structured, and repetitive physical activity to improve or maintain body fitness. Older or elderly people are advised to take advantage of physical exercise. Some physical exercises that can be taught to the elderly. Activities in this community service are blood pressure measurement and physical exercise in the form of elderly gymnastics, which is carried out at the Mulyoharjo Health Center by involving professional students. When gymnastics, the elderly seem enthusiastic and can participate in activities and look fit.  

Pendampingan  dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM)  di Gereja Kristen Jawa (GKJ) Kramas, Tembalang Kota Semarang sebagai upaya mewujudkan lanjut usia (Lansia) sehat, aktif dan mandiri.  Warga  lansia di gereja tersebut (2023) sebanyak 32,6% dari  110 warga,   sebagian besar  adalah perempuan  dan  aktif kegiatan rumah tangga,  sosial  dan usaha ekonomi mikro.   Pendampingan  dilaksanakan dengan fasilitasi menyusun Rencana Aksi Sekolah Adiyuswo GKJ Kramas, dengan pemberdayaan dan mengintegrasikan  tujuh kegiatan ke dalam Sekolah Adiyuswa yaitu : (1) Pemeriksaan Kesehatan; (2)  Kegiatan  Sosial/Keagamaan;  (3) Seni Budaya;  (4) Produktif secara ekonomi (untuk persembahan); (5) Jaminan  Sosial (tergabung dalam BPJS, bantuan bagi lansia  sakit dan santunan kematian)  (6) Pemberdayaan Keluarga  pra-lansia dan  keluarga yang memiliki lansia agar paham tentang kesehatan dan aktivitas)  (7)  Jejaring Kerjasama ( Posyandu dan Puskesmas Tembalang.   Kegiatan pendampingan dilaksanakan   pemberdayaan kader dari warga  gereja (doketr dan paramedic serta warga setempat), kelengkapan  data terpadu  lansia, penguatan kelembagaan  sekolah adiyuswo, peningkatan kapasitas kader, dan  promosi sehat, aktif dan  perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, cek kesehatan  rutin  bersama kegiatan  bergereja dan  akses ke  Puskesmas.  Hasil pendampingan   dilakukan monitoring dan  evaluasi berdasarkan Rencana Aksi  Sekolah Adiyuswo GKJ Kramas menunjukkan perkembangan yang  baik  dan kegiatan sosial ekonomi  mendapatkan apresiasi dari  gereja dan masyarakat sekitar gereja.

Family support is a form that should be given to the family that is included in the implementation of stress on the elderly because through the family health problems can arise and can be overcome.This study aims to find out if there is a relationship between family support and the stress level of the elderly in the poor environment v poor environment The objective of the research employed in this study is to describe the nature or qualities of a symptom, event, or occurrence that is currently taking place. The methodology used is quantitative research with a descriptive analytical research design. Cross tabulation statistical tests showed that there was no relationship between family support and stress levels in the elderly in the Bailang district of Bunaken. The study used the spearman rank test, with the result of the correlation coefficient analysis obtained a value (P) = 0.905 ≥ α. Based on the results of the research, analysis of data, and discussion, it can be concluded that: Family support for the elderly in the Environment V Kelurahan Bailang District Bunaken majority is good. Stress level in the Elderly In the Environments V kelurahan bailang district Bunaken is severe majority. There is no significant relationship of family support with the stress level in older persons in the neighborhoods V Kelorahan Bailang Districts Bunaken (p≥0,05) with a weak non-significance of 0.905

The covid-19 outbreak has an impact on all aspects of the lives of the elderly, including their psychosocial conditions. These psychosocial problems have an impact on increasing stress and decreasing fitness. The specific aim of research is to know and implement trekking based Tri Mandala decrease stress and increase fitness of elderly. The specific aim of research is to know and implement trekking based Tri Mandala decrease stress and increase fitness of elderly. Through a quasi experimental with the same subject design (treatment by subject design) and randomized posttest only group design assessed trekking based Tri Mandala training to reducing stress was recorded by Stress Questionnaire and improve fitness was recorded by rockspot method. The data obtained were analyzed by paired t-test at a significance level of 5%. The result showed that, trekking based Tri Mandala training reducing stress of eldery to 13,54% and increase fitness of eldery to 42,08%. It concluded that trekking based Tri Mandala training reduce stress and improve the fitness of elderly.

The lack of oral hygiene become a problem for elderly. The main aims of this research is to analyze the related factors due to oral hygiene consists of age, sex, education degree, occupation, marital status, knowledge, motivation, physical dependence, culture, anxiety, economic of family and elderly. The design of this research were descriptive analytic and cross sectional. UPTD Puskesmas I Penebel was the location where this research was conducted. Purposes sampling technique was used with the total samples where 80 respondents. The results showed the significant correlation between oral hygiene and knowledge (p value 0,013, r = 0,277), motivation (p value 0,005, r = 0,311), physical dependence (p value 0,011, r = 0,285), economic of family and elderly (p value 0,0000, r = 0,400), anxiety (p value 0,0185, r = -0,265). There was no correlation between culture and oral hygiene (p value 0,187, r = -0,149). Based on this research, it is recomended that oral hygiene supposed to be clearly informed to elderly by elderly posyandu (integrated treatment) activities, and regularly oral hygiene checkup which is integrated in puskesmas (civic health Centre).    

This community service project aims to raise awareness and knowledge about health among the elderly through the GERKASA-LASAKIT program (Movement for Healthy and Disease-Aware Seniors) in Dusun 1, Tanjung Anom Village, Deli Serdang Regency. This initiative is driven by the high prevalence of degenerative diseases and the lack of accurate information regarding the prevention and management of these diseases among seniors. Through comprehensive health education, it is hoped that the elderly can improve their quality of life by adopting a healthy lifestyle and gaining a better understanding of common illnesses they may face. The methods used in this project include health education sessions, practical training on early disease detection, and physical activities tailored to the physical condition of the elderly. Health education is provided by medical professionals and public health experts. Additionally, individual consultation sessions are held to offer more personalized care for each participant. The results of this activity show an increase in health knowledge and awareness among the elderly, as evidenced by high participation and enthusiasm in each session. Seniors involved in this program have also begun adopting healthier lifestyles, such as engaging in regular light exercise and having routine health check-ups. This project has successfully built a support network among the elderly, their families, and the local community, creating a more caring and health-conscious environment. Thus, the GERKASA-LASAKIT program makes a significant contribution to improving the quality of life for the elderly in Dusun 1, Tanjung Anom Village. The sustainability of this program is expected to serve as a model for other villages in efforts to enhance the welfare and health of the elderly at the local level.

Indonesia is included in the aging society, which is the category of a country that has an elderly population above 7%. Along with the increasing life expectancy of the population in Indonesia, the Province of Bali is included in the fourth category of society with an old structure. This proves that with such a large number of elderly, there should be a contribution of more effective elderly services, because the higher the problem of the elderly can be helped and handled, the better the elderly will be and will extend their life expectancy. To answer the problems of the elderly, several activities were carried out including: health checks for the elderly and other activities that support the improvement of the health quality of the elderly. Furthermore, providing training and guidance to the elderly to be able to do fitness exercises to stay healthy physically and psychologically, as well as socializing PHBS for the elderly. Therefore, this activity needs to work with partners so that it can be useful for the elderly at the Tresna Wreda Wana Seraya Social Institution, Denpasar.

.Degenerative diseases in the elderly, if not handled properly, will add to the state’s financial burden, which is not small. This study’s general purpose was to determine ergonomic gymnastics’s effectiveness in lowering blood pressure in the elderly. This research method uses a pre-experiment with a group pre-test and post-test design. The sample in this study amounted to 20 people, using the purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that respondents before being given the intervention had blood pressure in the Stage 1 hypertension category, as many as 12 respondents (60%), and in the Stage 2 hypertension category, as many as eight respondents (40%). After being given the intervention, blood pressure in the Stage 1 hypertension category, as many as two respondents (10%), and pre-hypertension, as many as 18 respondents (90%). The chi-square statistical test showed a p-value = 0.018 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that H0 is rejected Ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that ergonomic exercises effectively reduce blood pressure in the elderly. It is recommended that health center officers socialize with the elderly by providing ergonomic exercises to reduce changes in blood pressure in elderly patients.      

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common non-communicable disease (NCD) in the world. This disease is a heterogeneous disease, characterized by high glucose levels. DM is the 4th cause of death in most developing countries. One of the complications of DM is neuropathy, which is reduced sensation in the feet and is often associated with ulcers on the feet. The aim of this community service is to provide information and knowledge about promotive and preventive efforts in dealing with DM. This outreach method is pre-test, education and post-test which is carried out using leaflets and questionnaires containing questions to measure the level of community knowledge. From this counseling, results were obtained through comparison charts between the pre-test and post-test, namely that there was an increase in knowledge from before the education was carried out and after the education about diabetes mellitus and treating foot ulcers using foot exercises. It is hoped that this counseling will continue to have a good impact on participants and can change healthy living behavior for the better.

According to the American Heart Association or AHA, hypertension is a silent killer, with symptoms that can vary from individual to individual and are almost the same as symptoms of other diseases. Hypertension is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases and stroke. According to the AHA, hypertension is a disease that occurs due to an increase in systolic blood pressure> 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure> 90 mmHg. This type of research uses a descriptive analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all elderly (≥60 years) hypertensive patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic totaling 156 people, while the sample numbered 156 people by means of total sampling. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Based on the results of the chi-square test it is known that the incidence of hypertension affects smoking, obesity, low-fiber diet, excessive salt consumption and lack of physical activity p = 0.000, meaning that there is an effect of smoking, obesity, low-fiber diet, excessive salt consumption and lack of physical activity on hypertension incident. From the results of multivariate analysis it is known that the most influential variable in this study is obesity with an OR value of 62,850. The conclusion in this study is that obesity is the dominant factor influencing the incidence of hypertension in the Internal Medicine Polyclinic at Dr.R.M.Djoelham Binjai Hospital. In order to reduce the prevalence of hypertension, it is hoped that the Patients of the Internal Medicine Polyclinic at Dr, R.M.Djoelham Binjai Hospital will apply hypertension management with a healthy lifestyle so that diabetics can have controlled blood pressure levels.

As older people age, their muscle strength typically declines, including the weakening of the thenar muscles over time which can lead to a blockage of the median nerve often known as carpal tunnel syndrome. This blockage causes pain that can radiate from the shoulder to the fingertips. This counseling is designed to provide older adults with knowledge and training on hand pain, including its symptoms and triggering factors. The counseling method uses presentations to explain information to the elderly with the aim of health promotion. In addition, there was a question and answer session and education on exercises that can be done at home. The counseling process went smoothly, the elderly could follow and understand the exercises taught to be done at home. This counseling has the potential to reduce pain in the elderly after they do the exercises at home. Counseling activities at the Children and Elderly Posyandu Rw.3 Rampal Celaket, Klojen District, Malang City helped increase the understanding of the elderly about pain in the hands caused by median nerve blockage.

The elderly who are cared for in an elderly care home require spiritual needs to be met, and there are times when the elderly use the resources available either from the family, people who are religious experts either in the hospital or others in the elderly community. Therefore, the fulfillment of the spiritual needs of the elderly must be done so that the elderly on the eve of death can die in a calm and peaceful state. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the fulfillment of spiritual needs in the elderly near death from the perspective of the caregiver at the Kendal elderly Social Service Center (PPSLU). This study uses descriptive survey research design. The sample in this study amounted to 36 respondents. Sampling using total sampling. The results showed that the majority of hospitalists were aged based on a median value of 41 years, male gender as much as 53%, high school education as much as 53%, have long worked >3 years as much as 89% and meet the fulfillment of spiritual needs in the elderly near death as much as 44%. The caregiver is only limited to fulfilling the spiritual needs of meaning, purpose and hope in life but in the spiritual needs of relationship with God; spiritual practice has not been fulfilled. This is because the caregiver's understanding of spiritual needs is only limited to religion or belief.

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that currently the global prevalence of hypertension is 22% of the total world population. Based on data on hypertension in the elderly in the Tangan-Tangan Community Health Center, Southwest Aceh Regency in 2021, there were 517 people, in 2022 there were 668 people, while in 2023, starting from January-August, there were 712 people. The aim of the research is to determine the factors that influence the quality of life of elderly people with hypertension in the Tangan-Tangan Community Health Center Area, Southwest Aceh Regency. The research design uses the Analytical Survey method with a Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all elderly people who experienced hypertension in the Tangan-Tangan Health Center Working Area, Southwest Aceh Regency, totaling 712 people. The sample consisted of 88 people using Quota sampling technique. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of the research show that there is an influence of physical activity, diet, medication adherence, motivation and family support on the quality of life of elderly people with hypertension in the Tangan-Tangan Health Center Area, Southwest Aceh Regency, while the dominant factor is family support. The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence of physical activity, diet, medication adherence, motivation and family support on the quality of life of elderly people with hypertension in the Tangan-Tangan Health Center Area, Southwest Aceh Regency. It is recommended that the Tangan-Tangan Health Center create a program as a forum for hypertensive patients to always carry out efforts to control blood pressure as a form of monitoring and maintaining the patient's quality of life.

Based on data from World Population Prospects (2020), it is clear that there are 871 million people aged 60 years or more, which consists of 15% of the world's population. The number of people aged 60 years or older is projected to grow by around 56% from 901 million to 1.4 billion. The aim of the research was to determine the factors related to the utilization of posyandu for the elderly at the Sibagindar Community Health Center, Pagindar District, Pakpak Bharat Regency. The research design uses an analytical survey research method using a cross sectional research design. The population in this study was all 716 elderly people. The sample was 88 with stratified random sampling. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between knowledge p = 0.000, attitude p = 0.00, distance p = 0.000, family support p = 0.000 and support from health workers p = 0.005 with the utilization of posyandu for the elderly in the Sibagindar Health Center Working Area, Pagindar District, Pakpak Bharat Regency, whereas The dominant factor is family support, p = 0.002 < 0.025 and 95% CI = 3.154-214.028 with an OR value = 25.983. The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between elderly knowledge, elderly attitudes, distance, family support, support from health workers with the use of elderly posyandu in the Sibagindar Community Health Center Working Area, Pagindar District, Pakpak Bharat Regency. It is recommended that the Sibagindar Community Health Center increase its role in providing training to health workers and be able to promote the use of posbindu for the elderly and it would be better for door to door health workers to provide education on the use of posbindu for the elderly.

Hypertension is a chronic disease which is one of the causes of death. Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2022, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia was 32.7%, an increase compared to the prevalence of hypertension in 2021 which was 25.8%. Old age is the final stage of development in which humans experience various health problems and are at high risk of dangerous diseases, one of which is hypertension. The Batam City Health Service noted that hypertension occurs more often in elderly people aged 60-70 years. Meanwhile, the number of elderly people suffering from hypertension aged over 60 years at the Tiban Baru Community Health Center is 402 cases. Many non-pharmacological therapies are used to lower blood pressure, one of which is laughter therapy. Laughter lowers blood pressure by calming the body and reducing stress hormones. The aim of this community service activity is to increase knowledge about hypertension and treating hypertension with non-pharmacological methods using laughter therapy. The methods used are lectures, discussions, questions and answers and demonstrations. The results of 20 elderly people showed an average blood pressure of 159.75/92.55 mmHg before laughing therapy, while after therapy the average blood pressure was 123.55/80.25mmHg.

Hypertension is a measurement of systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg and the measurement is more than 2 times. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the relationship between elderly sleep quality and high blood pressure in hypertensive patients based on the literature review. Writing this journal uses a literature study approach from several search databases from pubmed and proquest with the last 5 years of publication (2017-2022). Keywords used are sleep quality, elderly, and hypertension. The literature study showed that from 10 journals studied, there was a relationship between sleep quality and hypertension from several factors, including sleep duration <6 hours, frequent awakenings at night, illnesses suffered and the elderly experienced nocturia. Where nocturia is someone who often urinates excessively at night. In conclusion, from 10 articles that show a significant relationship, it has been analyzed that sleep quality is related to hypertension, but poor sleep quality can be caused by several triggering factors including sleep duration > 6 hours, illnesses such as diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, and sleep quality. in women aged > 60 years and over more often experience nocturia so that the quality of sleep decreases.

An elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and over. One of the health problems that often occurs in the elderly is a decline in memory, learning and cognitive abilities in the elderly which causes them to have difficulty interacting and being difficult to understand. Conditions that affect cognitive abilities in the elderly are called dementia. Dementia is a chronic and progressive decline in memory and thinking function, causing disruption of functional activities. Nursing interventions that can be given to the elderly to improve cognitive function in the occurrence of dementia include brain gymnastics. The case study design used is descriptive research. The method used to collect data is using the Android-based MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), namely MEFuKo (MMSE for Cognitive Function) to determine the level of dementia in the elderly. Brain exercise therapy (brain gym) is carried out for 7 consecutive days, 1 meeting per day with a duration of 15 minutes. Subject I's MMSE score before brain exercise therapy was 16 (presence of definite cognitive impairment) increased to 19 (presence of probable cognitive impairment) and there was an increase of 3 in total MMSE scores. The MMSE score in subject II before brain exercise therapy was 19 (possible cognitive impairment), after therapy the MMSE score became 23 (probable cognitive impairment) and there was an increase of 4 in total MMSE scores. The more activities you do, the less likely it is that seniors will experience a decline in cognitive function. The conclusion is that there was an increase in cognitive function in the two case study subjects which illustrate the application of brain gym therapy to cognitive function in elderly people with dementia. Brain exercise therapy is recommended to improve working memory function which can improve the quality of life of the elderly.  

STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro as one of the health universities has great potential in the form of human resources (HR) to play a role in the development of the target area in the health sector. The results of an interview with the Head of the Sekaran Community Health Center revealed that of the 5 sub-districts managed by the Sekaran Community Health Center, Sukorejo Sub-District is an area that has complex health problems. Health problems related to the elderly need attention that is no less important. The health of the elderly under the management of the elderly posyandu in the Sukerejo Deliksari sub-district area has been going well. It's just that this area related to handling the cognitive health problems of the elderly still needs more attention. One of the cognitive function disorders in the elderly is dementia. There is no health care related to dementia in this area, this is because elderly posyandu cadres consider the problem of dementia or senile dementia to be natural and normal for the elderly. So promotive and preventive efforts are needed by holding community service related to cadre training in early detection of elderly people with dementia health problems.

As elderly people age, their body's physiological functions will decrease. Decreased dynamic balance in the elderly can cause a high risk of falls. If this is not addressed, the risk of injury to the elderly will be greater. The aim of this research is to provide education and training to the elderly about dynamic balance and the risk of falls and how to do exercises to reduce these symptoms. This research method was carried out using a community service approach at the elderly posyandu by providing counseling material about "dynamic balance and the risk of falls in the elderly", after that balance measurements were carried out to find out how big the risk of falls was in the elderly and carrying out balance training practices to improve dynamic balance and reduce risk of falling. Counseling and practice regarding dynamic balance and the risk of falls went smoothly, all the elderly who took part in the activity were very enthusiastic and enthusiastic. The education carried out aims to provide knowledge to the elderly about dynamic balance and the risk of falls as well as the benefits of dynamic balance training to prevent the risk of falls in the elderly.