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This study aims to identify and analyze the ratio legis of the principle that the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program needs to be regulated and adhered to. Furthermore, this research also seeks to examine the legal consequences of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program. The awareness of the special position of land in the Indonesian national consciousness is also revealed in the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA), which states the eternal relationship between the Indonesian people and the land. However, the term “controlled” in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution does not imply that the state is the owner. The general explanation of the 1960 UUPA clarifies that the state (government) only controls the land. The meaning of land being “controlled” does not equate to “owned” but rather refers to certain authorities granted to the state as a power organization. Ownership of land rights must be proven by authentic or valid evidence in the form of a land rights certificate, where such certified ownership is an absolute requirement. Therefore, the Indonesian Government, through the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 6 of 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration, aims to facilitate the implementation of systematic and complete land registration as a government program. From this explanation, it can be concluded that the ratio legis of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program principle requires regulation and adherence to provide guarantees of legal certainty, transparency of information related to land parcels that can be utilized by legitimate parties, and ensure orderly administration in the field of land affairs, thereby delivering benefits and justice.

Accelerated technological progress has profoundly altered our lifestyles. The younger generation, as future leaders of the nation, must acquire digital skills to keep pace with technological progress. Adolescents of school age require essential instruction on digital literacy, especially with personal data management and academic requirements. Effective data management will enhance lifestyle efficiency and efficacy. This community service initiative sought to impart database administration proficiency through the financial accounting cycle framework to students at SMK Raudlatul Husna in Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Thirty-two students engaged in the seminar and simulation activities. The activity was conducted through lectures and class tutorials on data storage methodologies in digital technologies, including Google Drive, Wordpress Web and Instagram. At the conclusion of the session, participants were queried regarding the activity summary, and the majority responded accurately and effectively. This activity is anticipated to be sustained continuously, enabling high school students to acquire both theoretical and practical information applicable to their daily lives.

This study discusses the legal reconstruction of the authority of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia (ORI) after the Constitutional Court (MK) Decision Number 62/PUU-VIII/2010, with a focus on advocacy based on pseudo/quasi principles. The Ombudsman, as an independent state institution, plays a role in supervising the implementation of public services to prevent and deal with maladministration. However, the existence of Article 43 of Law Number 37 of 2008 concerning the Ombudsman and the Constitutional Court's decision creates the potential for norm inharmonization that has an impact on the implementation of the Ombudsman's duties. This study analyzes two main things: legal certainty on the authority of the Ombudsman after the Constitutional Court's decision and legal reconstruction to strengthen the supervisory function of public services. The results show that the pseudo/quasi principle allows the Ombudsman to carry out an advocacy function similar to the judiciary, but without full executive power such as the judiciary. Legal certainty is needed to ensure that the Ombudsman's actions remain within the limits of the authority regulated by law. Legal reconstruction is suggested to provide stronger legitimacy to the Ombudsman's authority, including strengthening the recommendation aspect to be more binding and implementive. This reconstruction also includes increasing institutional capacity, coordination between agencies, and strengthening regulations that support supervisory functions that are more responsive to the needs of the community. Thus, this research contributes to the development of public service law, especially related to the role of the Ombudsman in realizing transparent, accountable, and fair services.

Organizing digital village governance is very important. This is due to the widespread need for accurate and fast availability of information on village development. The objective to be achieved in this service activity is to carry out training for Village Officials Kelungkung in the context of utilizing digital archives for structuring the administration of village government. The method used is knowledge transfer through training and assistance in using Google Drive as a medium for archive management and presentation of information for village government officials. The result of this activity is an increase in knowledge and skills as evidenced by changes in behavior on a scale of 76-100, namely the high category. This is also evidenced by an increase in the understanding of concepts and practices of participants in digital document management in Kelungkung Village on average increased by 25%. The results of this activity are expected to provide solutions to archival problems in Kelungkung Village, Sumbawa Regency, towards an orderly administrative village.

The birth certificate archive management system at the Central Aceh Population and Civil Registration Office still uses manual methods, which causes data search and storage to be less efficient. Therefore, this study aims to design and develop a web-based birth certificate data archive information system with the Waterfall method so that the management of data is more effective, secure, and organized. The development method used is Waterfall, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. This system was built using the PHP programming language with the Laravel framework, and using MySQL as a database. The results of implementation shows that this system is able to manage archives digitally, facilitate data search, and reduce the risk of loss or damage to physical documents. System testing is carried out using the Black Box Testing method, which shows that all main features of the system function in accordance with the designed specifications. Evaluations from users of the system also show that the system is easy to use and increases efficiency in managing birth certificate archives. With this system, it is expected that the population administration process at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Central Aceh can run faster and more accurately, and provide better services to the community.  

The company, which provides outsourcing services in various sectors such as cleaning services, security, administration, and others, primarily employs the canvassing method as its main market penetration strategy. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through unstructured interviews and observation, aiming to analyze the Business Model Canvas (BMC) strategy. The results indicate that PT XYZ has implemented the nine elements of the BMC in an integrated manner, ranging from customer segmentation, value proposition, and communication channels to cost structure. The company targets customers from mid-to-large scale industries and government institutions.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by impaired insulin function, impaired insulin secretion, or both, resulting in a hyperglycemic condition. Patients with type 2 DM generally exhibit characteristics such as a Random Blood Glucose level exceeding 200 mg/dL and an HbA1c  level exceeding 6.5%. The accuracy of medication administration to patients must also consider the rationality of antidiabetic therapy in order to influence the success rate of optimal therapy. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of patient appropriateness and indication appropriateness in outpatients with type 2 DM at Tabanan Regional Public Hospital (RSUD Tabanan). This study employed a semi-quantitative observational research design with a retrospective approach by reviewing patient medical records from the initiation of therapy. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling, whereby samples had to meet predetermined inclusion criteria. The results indicated that the age group with the highest prevalence of DM patients at RSUD Tabanan was over 56 years old (74%), with a predominance of females (63%). The most common comorbidity among DM patients was hypertension alone (24.5%). Based on the findings, the percentage of patient appropriateness rationality among DM outpatients at RSUD Tabanan was 97.5%, while the percentage of indication appropriateness rationality in type 2 DM outpatients at RSUD Tabanan was 98.5%.

Abstract. Background: Slimming drugs, such as phentermine, are widely used for weight reduction but are known to induce oxidative stress, particularly affecting hepatic and renal tissues. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), especially those biosynthesized using natural sources like spirulina platensis, have demonstrated promising antioxidant and protective activities in biological systems. Objective: This study aimed to assess the protective effects of selenium nanoparticles synthesized from spirulina platensis extract on renal and hepatic functions in male rats exposed to phentermine induced oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty-six adult male wistar rats were divided into five experimental groups: control group (dosed with water n=5), SeNPs group (dosed with SeNPs n=5), phentermine group (dosed with phentermine n=5), SeNPs then phentermine group (dosed with SeNPs then phentermine n=5), phentermine then SeNPs group (dosed with phentermine then SeNPs n=5). The experiment lasted for 45 days, the measurement of cytokines IL-6, IL-12, TOS and TO-AC. Results: Phentermine administration significantly increased cytokines IL-6, IL-12 indicating marked oxidative stress and immune activation. Treatment with SeNPs alone or in combination with phentermine notably improved these parameters. The group dosed with SeNPs prior to phentermine (SeNPs then phentermine) showed the most prominent protective effects with values approaching those of the control. Conclusions: Selenium nanoparticles from spirulina platensis demonstrated significant protective, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects against phentermine induced immune disturbances. These findings support their potential

This study aims to analyze how digital transformation is implemented at SDN 2 Labuhan Lombok to improve services to students and parents, and to identify challenges encountered during the process. Digital transformation, in this context, encompasses changes to the learning system, administration, facilities, and technology-based counseling services. The study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that digital transformation has had a positive impact on communication effectiveness, administrative service efficiency, and parental involvement in the educational process. However, obstacles remain, such as limited infrastructure, low digital literacy, and minimal technology training for teachers and parents. With adequate infrastructure support and strengthening human resource capacity, digital transformation in elementary schools has the potential to sustainably improve the quality of educational services.

Varicella is a contagious skin infection caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV). Varicella, scabies, and pityriasis versicolor are diseases with the same risk factors, namely in adolescents with high physical activity and living in crowded places such as dormitories. Case: A 13-year-old male adolescent complained of fluid-filled bumps on the body and face accompanied by itching that had been felt since yesterday. Low fever that fluctuates accompanied by dizziness, nausea since 2 days ago. Due to the itching, the patient scratched the area of ​​the bumps so that the bumps burst. The patient is currently undergoing scabies treatment. The patient also complained of white spots all over the body that had appeared since 2 months ago and worsened when the patient sweated. The patient is a student living in an Islamic boarding school. The patient said he often changed clothes, sarongs, and caps with his dorm mates. The patient also has high physical activity such as playing ball and does not immediately change clothes if he sweats. The diagnosis of varicella, scabies, and pityriasis versicolor is based on anamnesis and physical examination. Treatment options in this case are administration of drugs in the form of Acyclovir 400mg 4 x 2, Paracetamol 500mg 3 x 1, Permethrin 5% applied to the entire body 1x for 8 hours, Fucilex cream 2 dd ue, and Ketoconazole 2% shampoo. Conclusion: in this case, a 13-year-old patient with varicella, scabies, and pityriasis versicolor with risk factors of adolescence with high physical activity and living in crowded places such as dormitories was found.

Digital transformation is a shift from traditional (manual) working methods to more modern and efficient ways of utilizing technology. This study aims to describe the digital transformation process in population administration services and the supporting and inhibiting factors in Tangerang Regency. The research method uses a qualitative approach. There are three data collection types: observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis used is interactive. The results of the study show that the implementation of digital transformation in population administration services in Tangerang Regency has had a positive impact, especially in accelerating and facilitating access to services. Despite facing challenges such as limited technology, digital literacy, and human resource readiness, the government has taken strategic steps to overcome them. Continued infrastructure support and education programs are the key to success.

In the era of rapid digitalization, the utilization of information technology in human resource management has become increasingly essential. This study examines the implementation of the Mekari Talenta digital attendance system in managing employee attendance administration at PT Hutama Marga Waskita. The objective of this research is to understand the extent of the system's application within the company, identify challenges encountered during its implementation, and explore the strategies employed to overcome these obstacles. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, involving both primary and secondary sources to gain a comprehensive understanding. The findings reveal that the transition from manual to digital attendance systems presents several challenges, including user negligence in recording attendance, an organizational culture that is not yet fully adaptive to digital systems, and the absence of automatic reminder features. Despite these challenges, the system offers significant benefits such as expediting attendance recap processes, integration with payroll, and providing flexible access to attendance through mobile devices. This research contributes to the existing literature on digital attendance management and provides recommendations for optimizing the use of digital attendance systems in modern workplaces.  

Probiotics from West Sumatra curd have the potential to improve the production performance of local West Sumatra ducks, where Probiotics are live bacteria given as food sulpementation. Giving probiotics can have a beneficial effect on health where probiotics produce inhibitor compounds so that they can maximize the absorption of food in the intestines of livestock. The purpose of this study was to observe the production performance of ducks given probiotics. The design used was a randomized complete factorial method. The first factor (A) Dosage of probiotics (LAB) is with treatment A1: 1 ml (12.7 x 108 CFU/g); A2: 2 ml (25.4 x 108 CFU/g); A3: 3 ml (38.1 x 108 CFU/g). The second factor (B) is the frequency of probiotic administration, namely B1: 0 times; B2: 1 time; B3: 2 times; B4: 3 times; B5: 4 times; B6: 5 times; B7: 6 times, consisting of 4 replicates with a total of 346 ducks. The observed variables were food consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, carcass percentage. The results of this study were the average food consumption at a dose of 3 ml with 5 times administration (995.79g). The highest average body weight gain (369.74 grams) dose of 1 ml and 5 times administration. The highest carcass percentage with a dose of 3 ml and a frequency of 5 times (72.63%).

Taxation contributes to national development, and Indonesia has responded to global dynamics by introducing Indonesia Core Tax, a digital system designed to improve tax transparency and compliance. Although Indonesia has adopted various digital systems such as e-Faktur and e-Invoicing, it still faces implementation challenges, while Malaysia is more advanced with its integrated and phased API-based e-Invois system. This study examines taxation policy within the framework of Indonesia Core Tax, focusing on the legal aspects of e-Invoicing implementation as part of the digital transformation of tax administration. The analysis covers the hierarchy and functions of legislation, from laws and regulations to Minister of Finance regulations (PMK) and technical regulations of the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP). This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative approach and a comparative approach to compare Indonesia's digital taxation system with Malaysia's, covering legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture. The results of the study show that although Indonesia has a fairly complete digital legal framework, the implementation of the e-Invoicing system still faces challenges in terms of regulatory consistency and technological readiness. In contrast, Malaysia has already implemented a mandatory and centralized API-based e-Invoice system through a clearance model approach. This study recommends harmonizing digitalization policies in taxation and strengthening the legal system as strategic steps toward more effective and adaptive tax administration.

In the current era of digitalization, villages are expected to follow technological developments to modernize correspondence services. Village administration services delivered via the internet enable the village government to communicate information quickly and simply to all village officials, the community, village organizations and the community within the village. Apart from that, the community can submit input to the village government through village information services to direct development in a more positive direction. The problem in Serasah Village that often occurs is that the village head and office staff concerned with carrying out services are often not at the village office because they are out of town on business or there are sub-district meetings and currently there are additional activities in the form of training. electrical installation from BLKP Jambi. So many residents experience obstacles because of this, in fact, some residents who live far from the office area often receive less than optimal service. Based on this problem, it is necessary to design an information system at the Serasah Village office which will take the form of a website which has features regarding information regarding news and activity agendas that will be carried out at the Serasah Village Office, features for online letter submission services and checking the status of letter submissions made. by society. The system development method used to develop websites is the waterfall model. After creating the website, the website testing stage was carried out using the black box testing method with successful test results and a feasibility test was carried out using a Likert scale model. The results of the feasibility test were carried out using a questionnaire and data was obtained with an average percentage of 81.6%.

On the research of background, it is analyzed that the Implementation of the Population Administration Policy Through a Fast, Safe and Friendly Service System at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the Si Lancer application service at the Population and Civil Registration Service of Ciamis Regency. This research method uses descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Implementation of the Population Administration Policy Through a Fast, Safe and Friendly Service System at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency is not optimal, namely constrained by human resources in the Office, lack of facilities at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency, lack of implementing attitudes where employees prefer conventional services, no application updates from the initial year of publication, namely 2021, and no fragmentation or group bodies specifically tasked with Si Lancar application services. This study contributes to broadening understanding of the practical benefits of implementing the use of the Si Lancar application at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Ciamis Regency.

This research examines the role of health administration in improving the quality of services in community health centers (Puskesmas). The study aims to assess how well-managed administrative systems can contribute to enhancing service delivery in these facilities. Using a systematic literature review approach, data were collected from a range of academic sources published between 2010 and 2024. The findings highlight that effective health administration, including human resource management, transparent policies, and proper health data management, positively influences service quality. The study also reveals that challenges remain, particularly in areas with limited resources, but that improved administration can mitigate these issues. The implications of these findings suggest that policy makers should focus on strengthening administrative practices at Puskesmas through better resource management and enhanced training for staff. Furthermore, the research offers directions for future studies, recommending more field-based research to validate the relationship between health administration and service quality in varying settings.

The mentoring activity for preparing regional development planning documents at Bapperida Bangkalan Regency is part of a community service program aimed at improving the effectiveness of public administration. During the program, students were directly involved in collecting and processing data, analyzing program performance indicators, and assisting in drafting and evaluating planning documents such as the RKPD, RPJMD, and RPD. This activity also supported the budgeting process, program consistency assessment, and public service performance measurement through the Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM). The results of the mentoring program show that collaboration between academia and local government can improve work efficiency, the quality of planning documents, and the capacity of civil servants in developing data-driven policies. This activity not only benefited the institution but also served as a real-world learning experience for students in understanding public administration practices at the regional level.

Article 19 paragraph (1) of Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles "To ensure legal certainty by the government, land registration is carried out throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia according to the provisions regulated by government regulations". In fact, there are still many waqf lands that have not been registered with the National Land Agency (BPN), causing weak protection and legal certainty for waqf lands in Indonesia. This research uses normative juridical methods with regulatory and conceptual approaches. The results show that waqf land that is not registered with the national land agency has a weak position before the law, although religiously the waqf land that has been pledged is valid in sharia, but without official administration at the national land agency, the legal protection of waqf land is weak. The legal consequences of waqf land that is not registered with the national land office make the status of the waqf land still the previous property, because land registration is an administrative obligation that must be fulfilled to obtain legal certainty that is recognised in positive law by being registered with the National Land Agency. By not registering with the National Land Agency in accordance with the provisions of the law, the status of waqf land has not been registered as waqf asset land. It is recommended that the National Land Agency continue to socialise the importance of waqf land certificates and cooperate with the Indonesian Waqf Board and the Religious Affairs Office in its registration. It is also suggested that a regulation be made requiring nadhirs to report on waqf practices in the village every six months to record unregistered waqf land.

Leadership in Islam, highlighting its ethical and pragmatic foundations. Good governance in Islam is deeply rooted in the principles of al-amanah (trustworthiness) and al-'adalah (justice), which are not only administrative norms but also moral and spiritual obligations. Leadership in Islam is understood as a sacred mandate carried out by the caliph, imam, and ulil amri, each of which has spiritual, moral, and executive dimensions. Prophetic qualities in the form of shidq (honesty), amanah (trustworthiness), fathonah (intelligence/wisdom), and tabligh (accurate delivery/communication) are ethical foundations that are inseparable from effective leadership. The qualifications of a Muslim leader are very diverse, ranging from faith, noble morals, justice, knowledge, courage, and devotion in public service. The way of government of the Prophet Muhammad SAW was inclusive and tolerant. The period of the Khulafaur Rasyidin (Abu Bakar, Umar, Uthman, and Ali) shows how government administration developed, even though it was full of challenges. This history proves that the principles of good governance in Islam remain strong, even in difficult times.