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Five moments hand hygiene is a program carried out by WHO to overcome HAIs. The implementation of this program is influenced by various things such as the knowledge and motivation of nurses. The aim of the research was to determine whether there was a relationship between the level of knowledge and motivation of nurses and compliance with five moments hand hygiene in the inpatient room at RSU Muhammadiyah Siti Aminah Bumiayu.The design of this research is descriptive correlative with a cross sectional approach. The research variables are knowledge, motivation and compliance with five moments hand hygiene. The research sample was taken as a total sampling of 50 nurses at RSU Muhamamdiyah Siti Aminah Bumiayu. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data were analyzed using Chi Square with significance α≥0.05.The results showed that the majority of nurses with a good level of knowledge were 32 people (72%) who complied, 23 (46%) did not comply with the implementation of five moments hand hygiene, 9 (10%) and all nurses with moderate motivation, 43  (64%) complied.  towards five  moments hand  hygiene 32  (64%) and  non- compliance 11 (22%). The results show that there is no relationship between the level of nurses' knowledge and five moments hand hygiene compliance (ρ=0.345) and there is a relationship between nurses' motivation and five moments hand hygiene compliance (ρ=0.345) at RSU Muhammadiyah Siti Aminah Bumiayu. Motivation is needed by nurses to comply with the five moments of hand hygiene. Supervision and training are expected to increase nurses' motivation to be able to prevent and control infections in hospitals.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of octopus fishing gear use on coral reef ecosystems in Simeulue District. The research was conducted in May 2024, with research methods combining in-depth interviews and field observations. The results show that the use of unsustainable fishing gear, such as nets, contributes to the destruction of coral reefs, which negatively impacts marine biodiversity. Although fishers recognize the importance of ecosystem sustainability, challenges in adopting environmentally friendly practices still exist, including a lack of law enforcement and education. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for collaboration between the government and fishing communities in formulating more effective fisheries resource management policies, as well as the importance of training in sustainable fishing techniques. The study provides recommendations for the implementation of stricter regulations on the use of fishing gear, as well as encouraging active participation of fishers in fisheries resource management.

This article discusses the implementation of character education based on Christian values ​​in the secondary school curriculum. This approach aims to form students who are not only academically superior but also have strong moral integrity. This study was conducted through qualitative methods by interviewing Christian religious teachers and students. The results show that the values ​​of love, justice, and responsibility have a significant impact on building student character. This article recommends integrating Christian values ​​more explicitly into the learning process.

Introduction: Land tenure conflicts and forest degradation in national forest border areas have become a complex challenge that impacts social stability and environmental sustainability. These conflicts often arise due to uncertainty in land ownership rights, leading to tensions between local communities, the government, and private companies, resulting in environmental damage such as deforestation. Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) has emerged as a mitigation approach to address these issues by involving local communities in the sustainable management of forests. Research objective: To evaluate the impact of CBFM policies on the well-being of farmers and the conservation of endemic species in national forest border areas. Research method: A mixed-methods approach, combining household income surveys, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and land cover analysis based on GIS. Research results: The CBFM policy has successfully increased farmers' income, particularly through forest-based business diversification, reduced illegal logging, and supported the preservation of endangered endemic species. Additionally, active community participation in this policy has increased compliance with environmental conservation efforts. This study recommends enhancing local community capacity, strengthening inter-agency coordination, and implementing stricter supervision to ensure the sustainability of the CBFM policy. The success of CBFM implementation is expected to be applied more broadly to achieve farmers' welfare and sustainable forest conservation in Indonesia.

The growth of creative economy based on local culture has become a significant driver for advancing local communities. Karang Taruna Karangtempel, as part of the local community, has great potential to develop their creative economy by leveraging the richness of their local culture. However, constraints in entrepreneurship knowledge, market access, and youth involvement hinder the optimization of this potential. The objective of this socialization activity is to empower Karang Taruna Karangtempel to become a catalyst in the development of a sustainable local economy. Through youth empowerment and cultural preservation, it is expected that the local community can experience tangible benefits from the creative economy integrated with local values. The implementation method of this community service activity involves three main stages: (1) Planning and preparation; (2) Socialization and counseling; (3) Evaluation and feedback. Local culture-based creative economic outreach activities for Karang Tempel Youth Organization, it is hoped that it can improve entrepreneurial skills and active participation of the younger generation for community empowerment. Introducing a creative economy based on local culture invites the younger generation to pay attention to the abundant resources in the surrounding environment to choose and make into products that can be used as effective alternative products that have high added value.

The apple cider vinegar fermentation process requires careful monitoring and control of variables such as pH, alcohol content, and amount of acetic acid.  This research adopts Fuzzy Logic Control by utilizing the MQTT communication protocol, pH, alcohol and water pump sensors, as well as solenoid valves and DC motors as actuators.  This Internet of Things (IoT) based solution provides real-time monitoring information on the fermentation process.  The results showed that the test system succeeded in maintaining a stable pH of around 3.9-4.0 during the initial stages of fermentation, while industrial data showed greater variations.  Alcohol content increased consistently in the test system, in contrast to the spike on day 7 in industry data.  At the formulation stage, the pH dropped to 3.68 in the test system, while the industry maintained 3.70.  At medium and slow mixing stages, the test system showed a significant decrease in pH and a consistent increase in alcohol.  At the harvest stage, the pH was lower in the test system compared to industrial, with slightly higher alcohol content.  Test results show that the implementation of this system can reduce the fermentation process time by up to 2 days faster compared to conventional methods.  This conclusion shows that IoT-based systems are able to provide better control and monitoring than conventional systems, so they have great potential for wider adoption in the apple vinegar fermentation industry to increase production effectiveness.

This study explores the development of low-carbon concrete by integrating industrial waste materials and CO₂-absorbing minerals to reduce carbon emissions in the construction industry. The research investigates various mix ratios involving fly ash, slag, and CO₂-absorbing minerals, aiming to optimize both performance and sustainability. Experimental methods included compressive strength testing, carbon emission measurement, and durability evaluation. The results indicate that low-carbon concrete formulations achieve up to 45% reduction in carbon emissions compared to conventional concrete, which uses Portland cement. Despite a slight decrease in compressive strength, the optimal mix reached 34 MPa, which is sufficient for structural applications. Durability testing revealed that concrete with CO₂-absorbing minerals showed improved long-term performance compared to other formulations. The findings highlight the potential of using industrial waste materials and carbon capture technologies to create more environmentally sustainable concrete while maintaining necessary structural properties. This study contributes to the growing demand for eco-friendly construction materials and supports the implementation of low-carbon concrete in large-scale industrial applications. Further optimization of mix ratios and long-term performance studies are recommended for broader adoption in the construction industry.

This study examines the impact of blended learning on student engagement and academic achievement in secondary schools during the recovery phase of the pandemic. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing a comparative design to assess the differences between blended learning and conventional learning models. Data were collected through student engagement surveys and academic performance records from secondary school students exposed to both learning models. The results indicated that students in the blended learning model exhibited significantly higher levels of engagement across behavioral, emotional, and cognitive dimensions compared to those in the conventional model. Academic achievement was also notably higher in the blended learning group. Statistical analysis, including t-tests and linear regression, revealed a strong positive correlation between student engagement and academic performance. The study concluded that blended learning significantly enhances student involvement and performance, particularly when supported by adequate technological infrastructure and teacher preparedness. These findings suggest that blended learning should be integrated as a permanent strategy in post-pandemic education to support student success and engagement. The study also emphasizes the importance of continuous teacher training and technological support in maximizing the benefits of blended learning.

This study investigates the impact of digital gamification on employee motivation, engagement, and productivity in technology companies. Gamification, which integrates game design elements such as rewards, badges, and leaderboards into non-game environments, has gained popularity as a tool for enhancing employee performance in workplaces. The research employs a quantitative survey methodology to gather data from employees in technology firms that have implemented gamified systems. The findings reveal that gamification significantly increases employee motivation by tapping into intrinsic motivators such as autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Employees reported higher levels of engagement, with many attributing their increased participation to the fun and competitive nature of gamified tasks. Additionally, productivity improvements were observed, particularly among employees in roles that require individual performance, such as software engineers, where autonomy and goal-setting were key factors. The study also identifies variations in the effectiveness of gamification based on factors such as job role and organizational culture, emphasizing the need for customization to suit different employee needs. Despite these positive outcomes, challenges such as employee resistance, poorly designed systems, and resource constraints were noted as barriers to successful gamification implementation. These findings suggest that gamification is an effective strategy for improving motivation and engagement in technology companies but requires thoughtful design and alignment with company culture to maximize its impact. Future research should explore the long-term effects of gamification and examine how specific elements, such as leaderboards and rewards, influence employee behavior across different demographics.

Training on organic fertilizer processing is one solution to increase the amount of coffee production in Huta Tinggi, Samosir Regency. This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge in utilizing waste into organic fertilizer so as to increase the income of farming communities. Activities are carried out with direct assistance to farmer groups by providing theory and direct practice on coffee plantations. This activity received a very good response from farmers because it provided direct practice. Based on the results of interviews after the activity, 95% of participants felt the benefits of the PKM activity and hoped that there would be mentoring in the implementation of the next activity so that problems in the field could be resolved well.

This research using the PTK (Classroom Action Research) method which aims to be able to find efforts to increase student activities through project-based learning models, to improve cognitive abilities and student learning interests. Learners are educational subjects considered active in shaping their chemistry learning achievement. The subjects this study is students of class XI IPA 2 SMA Dian Harapan Holland Village Manado. The focus of this research is the cognitive ability and learning interest of students. The results showed that the cognitive ability and interest in learning class XI IPA 2 SMA Dian Harapan Holland Village Manado there is an increase marked by an increase in the average score from cycle I to cycle III. There was also an increase in the activity of students. Therefore, the implementation of the Project Based Learning Model (PjBL) can provide a good and positive response for students.

The law’s rules that set about the employment in Indonesia run into many problems which have an impact to the imbalance investment in Indonesia. To increase the investment, the DPR formed Law No. 11 of 2020 that concerning job creation which simplifies and give the rules details that related with the employment by using the omnibus law technique. Throw back to the year before, the laws that contains about the employment has been created through Law No. 13 of 2013 that has been simplified from six ordinances and nine related laws. But in the implementation, Law No. 13 of 2013 has been acommodated many interests and spent a lot of time and money. Comparing with the Law No. 11 of 2020 about the job creation, discussion regarding the laws did not spend a lot of time because it already planned by several part which is when the laws has been released raises a lot of judicial riview.    

The problem currently faced is that the amount of green open space that must be provided by the government has not yet reached 30% of the city area. The problems are as follows: 1) What are the responsibilities of the Semarang City Government in fulfilling green open space in urban areas based on Semarang City Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2011 concerning Semarang City Regional Spatial Planning for 2011-2031 as amended by the Semarang City Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021? 2) What obstacles does the Semarang City Government face in fulfilling green open space in urban areas? 3) What solutions can the Semarang City Government implement to face obstacles in providing green open space in urban areas? This research uses a normative juridical approach (normative legal research). The data analysis used is a qualitative approach to secondary data as main data and primary data as supporting data. The research results show that the responsibility of the Semarang City Government in fulfilling green open space in urban areas is in accordance with the plan for the distribution of regional service facilities in each part of the city area (BWK). The obstacles faced by the Semarang City Government, namely: juridical obstacles, technical obstacles. Solutions that can be implemented by the Semarang City Government are: enforcing regulations with punishment regarding local building regulations, including the Basic Building Coefficient (KDB) for all buildings so that there is open space in each site which will be useful for planting trees or reforestation, propose an additional budget in the Expenditure Budget Activity Plan (RKAB) according to real needs as well as plans for additional city park development. The proposal for additions outside the routine budget is intended to maximize the implementation of medium and long term work programs. recruiting honorary/contract workers to help with the maintenance of existing city parks.    

Medicinal chemicals (BKO) are chemical compounds that are commonly added to traditional medicinal preparations to increase the drug's indications and offer a powerful and rapid impact in illness treatment. Traditional medicines containing BKO in Indonesia, particularly in East and West Java, are increasing year after year, from 43 to 50-53 traditional remedies containing medicinal compounds. Using the normative method, researchers will be able to use the findings of empirical legal science and other sciences to analyze and explain law without altering the character of normative legal science. The Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 regulates legal protection for consumers who consume industrially produced traditional medicines containing dangerous chemical chemicals. Article 19 (1) states that business actors are responsible for compensating consumers for damage, pollution, and/or losses caused by the consumption of goods and/or services produced or traded. (2) The compensation described in paragraph (1) may take the form of a refund or replacement of products and/or services of the same kind or equivalent value, or health care, and/or the payment of compensation in line with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. (3) Compensation is granted within 7 days after the transaction date. (4) Providing compensation as stated in paragraphs (1) and (2) does not preclude criminal prosecution based on further evidence indicating the presence of an element of error. (5) If the business actor can demonstrate that the error was caused by the customer, the rules intended in paragraphs (1) and (2) do not apply. Suggestions for effective implementation. Suggestions so that they can be implemented well.    

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 in Klambir Lima Kebun Village, Hamparan Perak District, which focuses on its impact on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). PP Number 23 of 2018 regulates the reduction of the Final Income Tax (PPh) rate for MSMEs from 1% to 0.5% for taxpayers with a turnover of less than IDR 4.8 billion per year. This policy aims to ease the tax burden, simplify calculations, and improve MSME taxpayer compliance, while encouraging the growth of new entrepreneurs. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis from MSME actors and village officials. The results of the study indicate that this tax rate reduction policy provides significant benefits for MSME actors in Klambir Lima Kebun Village. Business actors feel helped by the lower tax rate, so they can allocate more resources for business development. However, the level of taxpayer understanding of this regulation still varies. Most MSME actors do not fully understand the procedures for reporting and paying taxes in accordance with this policy, so they need further guidance and socialization from the government. This study concludes that the success of implementing PP Number 23 of 2018 at the village level is highly dependent on educational and mentoring efforts for MSME actors. This finding provides insight for the government in designing tax policies that are more inclusive and responsive to the needs of MSMEs.

This study aims to analyze the process of preparing financial reports at SMK Muhammadiyah 08 Medan, especially in trading businesses (UD), which is one form of SME economic unit. Trading businesses have the main characteristic of purchasing goods for resale without changing the nature of the goods, so that the preparation of accurate financial reports is very important to support business planning and strategy. However, many SMEs in Indonesia still face difficulties in understanding and implementing accounting, considering it as complicated, time-consuming, and costly. As a result, financial management often relies only on the memory of the business owner without formal recording. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method, collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation studies of the process of preparing financial reports at SMK Muhammadiyah 08 Medan. This study also refers to the application of the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) released by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of the Indonesian Institute of Accountants (DSAK IAI) in 2016. The results of the study indicate that most trading business actors in the environment do not fully understand the importance of preparing financial reports in accordance with standards. Factors of limited resources, lack of understanding, and the assumption that financial reports are not needed are the main obstacles. This study provides recommendations in the form of simple accounting training that can help business actors prepare financial reports in accordance with SAK EMKM. The implementation of this recommendation is expected to improve accountability, transparency, and overall financial management of trading businesses.

The increasing complexity of modern software systems and the growing demand for real-time data processing have significantly contributed to higher energy consumption in computing infrastructures. This challenge is particularly evident in systems that rely on continuous monitoring, analytics, and adaptive decision-making. Addressing energy efficiency without compromising system performance has therefore become a critical concern in sustainable software engineering. This study proposes an energy-aware software approach that integrates real-time analytics with adaptive feedback mechanisms to optimize energy consumption while maintaining operational performance. The research adopts a design science oriented methodology, encompassing system design, implementation, and experimental evaluation. The proposed system architecture consists of real-time data acquisition, intelligent analytics, and an adaptive control layer based on the MAPE-K (Monitor, Analyze, Plan, Execute, Knowledge) feedback loop. Experimental evaluations were conducted under dynamic workload scenarios to compare the proposed adaptive system with a baseline non-adaptive system. Key performance indicators included energy consumption, response time, throughput, and adaptation latency. The results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a substantial reduction in energy consumption while maintaining, and in some cases improving, system performance metrics. The adaptive feedback mechanism enables the system to respond effectively to workload fluctuations, reducing unnecessary energy usage during low-demand periods and ensuring stable performance during peak loads. These findings provide empirical evidence that real-time analytics and adaptive control can effectively support energy-efficient and sustainable software systems. This research contributes to the field of energy-aware software engineering by demonstrating that intelligent real-time adaptation is a viable strategy for achieving sustainability objectives in dynamic and performance-critical environments.

The discussion in this research is, what is the quality of the hadith and students' understanding of the hadith regarding the prohibition of sleeping after Asr prayer that applies to students at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School, Bukittinggi. The author limited the research informants to students who had ranks one to ten at the Tsanawiyah and Aliyah levels. The aim of writing this research is to determine the quality of the sleep prohibition hadith that applies to students at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School, as well as the students' implementation of the sleep prohibition hadith after the Asr prayer. This research uses a qualitative type of research using a sociology of knowledge approach. This research is field research. This was taken with the aim of finding out the hadith on the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer that applies at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School and knowing the quality of the hadith on the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer. Based on the data obtained, there are three hadiths regarding the prohibition of sleeping after Ashar prayers that apply at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School. The first hadith is narrated by the As-Shuyuti Book which is of dhaif quality and has many lines of narration so that the hadith is at the hasan lighairihi level, the second hadith narrated by Ath-Thabrani is included in the group of gharib ahad hadiths, and the third hadith explains the virtues of using time in the afternoon, and this hadith is found in the book of Imam Muslim and is of authentic quality. The hadith regarding the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer is of dhaif quality but can be practiced by santriwan and female students by participating in various activities such as extracurriculars and other useful activities, and the hadith can be practiced in matters of fadhailul charity, in terms of motivating.

Students have difficulty designing or writing manuscripts that will be published in accredited national journals. The purpose of this service is to provide solutions with training and mentoring activities for female students who will or are writing accredited scientific journal manuscripts by utilizing Chat GPT management both theoretically and practically. The action learning method, which consists of several stages starting with preparation, implementation, and evaluation, is the method used in this service, which is carried out face-to-face. The results of this service have a very significant impact on female students in making national journal manuscripts, starting from making titles to pamphlets with Chat GPT management. This can be seen from the test results before and after the training

Incorporating engaging and effective teaching materials is essential for enhancing student learning in science education. This research aims to develop comic-based integrated science teaching materials tailored for fifth-grade students, employing the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method. The research and development process follows these five stages to ensure comprehensive material creation and evaluation. The results indicate high validation scores: 96% for material, 98% for language, and 96% for media, categorizing the comics as highly suitable for educational use. Student and teacher responses further affirm this suitability, with 90% and 94% approval rates, respectively. Evaluation of student test results shows an average score of 90.36, with 90% of students meeting the criteria for excellence. This study concludes that comic-based teaching materials significantly enhance student engagement and understanding of science, contributing valuable insights into educational resource development.