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Digital transformation in the public transportation sector is part of the national development priority agenda aimed at improving service quality and operational efficiency. This study aims to analyze the implementation of cashless payment-based digital transformation in public transportation policy on the Suroboyo Bus in Surabaya, analyze service quality based on SERVQUAL dimensions, identify supporting and inhibiting factors for implementation, and evaluate the success and shortcomings of the policy. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The results show that the implementation of cashless payment on the Suroboyo Bus has been running well since 2018, with four main payment methods: QRIS, e-money cards, plastic waste contributions, and the Child Identity Card (KIA). QRIS has become the dominant payment method with a 48% share in 2025. Service quality based on SERVQUAL dimensions shows good results in the aspects of tangibles, reliability, and responsiveness, but still requires improvement in the dimensions of assurance and empathy. Supporting factors for implementation include government commitment, the availability of regulations (Perwali No. 22 of 2023)., adequate infrastructure, and support from digital payment service providers. Inhibiting factors include limited digital literacy, internet network disruptions, limited economic access, and lack of socialization. The success of the policy is reflected in increased operational efficiency, financial transparency, and a rise in the number of users from 1.2 million (2019). to 3.5 million (2025). Shortcomings of the policy include the digital gap for vulnerable groups, dependence on internet networks, and a decrease in participation in the plastic waste payment program from 25% (2023). to 12% (2025).

Abstract. This study looks at how teachers use the social studies method in Class VII of SMP Negeri 3 Balung Jember. The results show that this method is very effective in creating an interactive and supportive learning environment. The constructivism approach, used by teachers, encourages students to build knowledge through active interaction with material and fellow students. Clear instructions and reflection on previous lessons are used to begin the lesson. Then, the use of analogies and interesting learning tools such as videos and educational games are used. Teachers encourage students to actively participate in learning by helping them overcome problems without providing immediate solutions. In-depth questions and timely feedback improve teacher-student communication, creating a dynamic learning environment. This method was successful in increasing students' understanding, technology skills, and their participation. In addition, teachers use preventive and responsive approaches in classroom management to overcome disruptions and create a disciplined and conducive learning environment. Student response to this teaching method was very positive; they are very enthusiastic and very involved.

Football, as the world's most popular sport, has undergone significant changes with the introduction of Video Assistant Referee (VAR) technology. Designed to enhance referee decision accuracy through video replays, VAR has been widely adopted in major competitions despite initial controversy. Studies have shown its effectiveness in reducing referee errors in crucial incidents such as goals, penalties, and red cards. In Indonesia, VAR usage could enhance fairness and reduce match controversies, although domestic leagues currently rely on referees without technological assistance. While VAR offers numerous benefits, including improved referee standards and viewer experience, criticism regarding game flow disruption and inconsistent application persists. Moving forward, it is crucial to balance accuracy and fairness with the excitement of the game and ensure good collaboration among all football stakeholders.  

This study aims to investigate the identification, assessment, and control of operational risks in the travel industry, with a focus on PT Yuk Kita Tour. Direct observation and interview methods are used to identify the risks faced by the company. Risk assessment is conducted by considering the likelihood of occurrence and its impact on the company's operations, followed by appropriate mitigation strategies. The analysis results show that risks such as online booking system disruptions, lack of staff training, currency exchange rate fluctuations, regulatory changes, natural disasters, disease outbreaks, transportation delays, and terrorism threats affect operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.To control these risks, PT Yuk Kita Tour implements a comprehensive mitigation strategy, including improved cybersecurity systems, staff training programs, currency hedging strategies, active regulatory monitoring, travel insurance, strict health policies, cooperation with transportation operators, and clear security information to customers. The implementation of these risk control strategies has had a positive impact on the company's performance, with year-on-year increases in revenue and customer satisfaction. This study provides insights into the importance of operational risk management in the travel industry and demonstrates that a proactive approach to risk identification, assessment, and control is possible. This study provides insight into the importance of operational risk management in the travel industry and demonstrates that a proactive approach to risk identification, assessment, and control can improve operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The practical implication of this study is the importance of continuously monitoring existing risks, adapting control strategies, and involving stakeholders in risk management to ensure sustainable business continuity and superior customer service in a dynamic business environment.

Stunting is a nutritional problem caused by insufficient nutritional intake for a long time. The condition of failure to thrive in children under five is a result of chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Indonesia is among the highest in stunting cases with a prevalence of 37.2% compared to other neighboring countries. Indonesia targets the stunting rate to fall to 14% in 2024, while the stunting rate in 2021 will reach 24%. The impact of stunting is an increase in morbidity and mortality rates in children, growth in body posture or height that is not optimal compared to the child's age, disruption of motor development, increasing the incidence of degenerative diseases, less than optimal learning performance so that children's cognitive and productivity are affected and that furthermore is the increase in Health costs. The Kupang City Government, in an effort to reduce the prevalence rate of stunting below 10% in 2024, is carrying out convergence work or cross-sectoral collaboration within the scope of Pentahelix (Government, PT, Private, Community and Mass Media). The foster parent program is a form of care and effort made by involving all sectors in accelerating the prevention and handling of stunting in toddlers. The sub-districts that are used as places for community service activities are Penfui and Oesapa Selatan Subdistricts, Kupang City. The foster parent program aims to help families who really need health care for children suffering from stunting and malnutrition, and this is based on a sense of care and responsibility. The Kupang Ministry of Health Polytechnic, as one of the implementations of health transformation, supports the government's program in strengthening primary health services, especially stunting, and is expected to be involved and become a team in accelerating the prevention and handling of stunting in Kupang City. The method for implementing this community activity is the Peekaboo Psychoeducational method, namely the Kiss, Hug and Give Feed method as well as providing nutritious food to children aged 6-24 months for 90 days. The results of this community service are the achievement of measurement data on children's body weight, improvements in nutritional value/body weight of children suffering from stunting and increased knowledge of the psychoeducational parenting style of the Peekaboo method to increase parents' knowledge about stunting.

Revolution means a process of change that takes place quickly or a fairly fundamental change in a field or place. If so, then the Industrial Revolution is a process of change that takes place quickly and fundamentally in the industrial sector. In modern civilization there have been four Industrial Revolutions, each of which has its own characteristics. The role of humans is gradually starting to be taken over by automatic machines. In short, disruption is innovation. This is innovation that will replace all old systems with new methods. Disruption has the potential to replace old players with new ones. Disruption replaces old, all-physical technology with digital technology that produces something completely new and more efficient and more useful.

Digital transformation in education has become a significant phenomenon in the era of disruption. This research discusses the challenges and opportunities that digital transformation in the disruption era provides for education. The results show that digital transformation can help improve the quality of education by utilizing digital technology in the learning process. In addition, digital transformation also helps improve the accessibility of education, facilitate the teaching and learning process, and improve the overall quality of education. In the future, digital transformation is expected to continue to increase the role of technology in education. Teachers and students must continue to adapt to technological developments and utilize technology to improve the quality of education. In synthesis, digital transformation in education has great potential in improving the quality of education and preparing students for a better future.  

. The construction sector is a high-activity sector, making it prone to accident hazards. Therefore, safety analysis is useful for identifying and mitigating risk factors and potential causes of disruptions. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is one of the efforts to protect workers from the hazards of workplace accidents. The purpose of this occupational safety and health (OSH) study is to analyze the causes of workplace accidents and the impact of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) at PT. Bagas Patih Pratama to enhance employee safety and reduce accident risks in the workplace. The data collection technique in this study involves questionnaires or interviews with workers to gather the necessary information. This study evaluates workers' attitudes towards health and safety conditions, knowledge of safety protocols, and the challenges faced during work. The survey results show that the majority of workers have a high level of awareness and understanding of workplace safety and the importance of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). However, only a few workers consistently comply with established safety protocols. The study also highlights the importance of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to reduce hazards when working. It is recommended that the company enhance safety training programs and closely monitor the use of PPE to minimize workplace accident risks in the future.

The aim of limestone mining activities is to obtain the main raw material, namely limestone, which can then be used as a construction raw material such as cement. This data collection method is to collect primary data obtained from identifying activity locations and secondary data obtained from Journal Reviews and other scientific articles and then compiling them into a narrative. From the results of this analysis, it can be seen that there is a positive impact, namely the recruitment of workers from the local area and a negative impact, namely a decrease in ambient air quality, a decrease in water quality, soil erosion, disruption of flora and fauna and plant vegetation.

This research explores the impact of the development of Captive PLTU infrastructure in Sulawesi on the lives of local communities from a sociological perspective. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, this research explores the social, economic and environmental changes that occurred as a result of development interventions by PT GNI and PT COR. The construction of the Captive PLTU is based on Presidential Regulation No. 112/2022 concerning the Acceleration of Renewable Energy Development for the Supply of Electric Power. Local residents experience a range of negative impacts, including air pollution, pollution and disruption to livelihoods that depend on natural resources. The damming of the Lampi River by the PLTU has also raised concerns about the potential for flooding and decreased air quality. This research found that this development project has taken away the rights of local communities and caused various human rights violations. The results of this research emphasize the need to revise regulations that are more inclusive and fair to ensure sustainable development that takes into account the balance between economic, social and environmental interests. In conclusion, infrastructure development must be carried out with the active involvement of local communities and careful consideration of its impacts.

This research aims to determine the extent of the impact caused by arguments in the household resulting in divorce. To find out, the author uses normative empirical research methods. Divorce is a legal event that results in the legal termination of a marriage between a husband and wife whose legal process is carried out in court. The factors that cause continuous disputes and quarrels that trigger divorce at the Tilamuta Religious Court, Baolemo Regency are: (a) Economic problems. (b) Third party interference. (c) Polygamy is unhealthy. (d) Domestic violence/abuse occurs. Divorce will certainly have an effect on both parties and their descendants. The consequences that arise from continuous disputes and quarrels include: (a) Disruption in fulfilling the rights and obligations of husband and wife, (b) problems regarding child custody, (c) division of joint assets, lack of control of each other's egos. each and coupled with the husband not being able to control his emotions so he takes it out on his wife.  

Background: The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 has accelerated the integration of digital technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, and Digital Twin systems in smart manufacturing environments. However, many existing implementations remain fragmented and heavily dependent on centralized cloud infrastructures, resulting in latency constraints, limited scalability, and suboptimal real-time decision making. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated edge based Digital Twin optimization framework that combines IIoT sensing, hybrid edge cloud architecture, and reinforcement learning based adaptive control. Methods: The research adopts a multi phase design consisting of framework development, simulation based validation, and industrial pilot implementation. The proposed system integrates real time data acquisition, localized edge processing, Digital Twin synchronization, and intelligent optimization mechanisms to enhance operational efficiency. Results: The findings demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to conventional cloud based systems, including substantial latency reduction, increased production throughput, reduced downtime, and improved energy efficiency. Scalability and robustness testing further confirm that distributed edge intelligence enhances system resilience under increased workloads and network disruptions. These results indicate that integrating edge computing with Digital Twin modeling and reinforcement learning provides a scalable, responsive, and energy efficient solution for next-generation smart factories.

This study aims to determine the implementation in electronic trials, to determine the impact of technical and substantive constraints on the quality and fairness of electronic trials, to find out whether electronic trials can uphold material truth in special criminal cases of child molestation. In data collection, the authors used interviews and informants. For data analysis techniques, the author uses qualitative descriptive analysis, which in this study uses the results of interviews with six (6) informants. From the results of the study, it can be said that the implementation of electronic trials according to PERMA No. 4 of 2020 in child molestation cases is no different from child molestation trials as usual, the trial procedures are the same as those contained in the Criminal Procedure Code which are different only the location of the parties concerned. The technical obstacles faced are communication network disruption, lack of infrastructure; and lack of human resources Substantive obstacles faced in electronic trials are: relatively closed trials; difficulty of proof; and the judge's difficulty in using the judge's conviction. The impact of technical and substantive constraints is that electronic trials become longer and judges cannot be sure that the evidence presented is legitimately seized. Electronic trials can uphold material truth as the Code of Criminal Procedure was created with the aim of obtaining material truth.

Background: Mental disorders are conditions in which mental functions, thought processes, emotions, feelings, psychomotor and verbal behavior are disrupted which becomes a group of clinical symptoms accompanied by suffering and results in disruption of an individual's humanistic function (Ramadani et al, 2020). One type of mental disorder is schizophrenia, where the main perception disorder in schizophrenic patients is hallucinations. Hallucinations are changes or perceptions that there is unfavorable stimulation from within the individual or from outside the individual accompanied by a reduced, excessive or distorted response (Rustika, 2020). One non-pharmacological implementation strategy for patients with hallucinations is by providing music therapy (Alfionita, 2016). Method: Giving therapy to listen to dangdut music to patients for 4 days is carried out 1 day once therapy for 10-15 minutes. Results: After the intervention of giving menmusic therapy for 4 days, it was found that the patient experienced a decrease in signs and symptoms of hallucinations from initially a score of 8 to 2. Conclusion: Providing dangdut music therapy can help reduce the frequency of hallucinations. This is due to the diversion of the patient's attention from the hallucinatory sounds to the dangdut music he hears. rebuking and music to reduce the symptoms of the hallucinations he was suffering from.

This research investigates the important function of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) in directing and regulating the social interactions of modern teenagers. This research is based on historical narratives in the Islamic tradition and the importance of Jurisprudence in overcoming problems such as juvenile delinquency. In addition, this research emphasizes how important it is for the principles of Fiqh to be applied practically in everyday life. According to this research, Jurisprudence education goes beyond theoretical understanding and requires the application of knowledge in the real world, which integrates theory and action. The aim of this research is to reveal methods for improving relationships in an era of disruption through the science of jurisprudence. This research uses library research methods, reviewing relevant literature to analyze the concept of adolescent social interaction from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. The results of this research indicate that Islamic principles are not in accordance with current teenage trends, such as changing clothing styles, increasing premarital relationships, drug propaganda, and materialistic transmission. This article emphasizes that parents and teenagers must help children bridge the gap between Islamic values ​​and modern lifestyles, with the importance of fiqh education in adolescence as a basis for living a life in accordance with Islamic values.

Background: BBLR refers to a disruption in the respiratory system of a baby caused by unstable physiological functions, including temperature, pulse, and oxygen saturation. One strategy for managing the condition is the implementation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), a non-invasive technique. Developmental care further reinforces the efficacy of CPAP. One specific effort in providing developmental care is to modify the position of newborns to a comfortable state via nesting. Objective: This scientific paper seeks to examine the effects of nesting therapy and pronation posture on the hemodynamic status of low weight newborns in the BBLR population. CPAP is installed in the Perinatology Room of RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang. Method: Provision of Nursing Care Intervention and innovation in the application of nesting and pronation position against hemodynamics. Results: Based on case studies in managed patients, there were changes in hemodynamic status such as pulse, breathing and temperature in patients before and after treatment.

This study aims to explore the impact of bilateral political volatility on the investment decisions of multinational corporations (MNCs) through a qualitative literature review approach. The analysis reveals that instability in bilateral political relations significantly influences investment decisions, particularly through regulatory uncertainty, geopolitical risks, and disruptions in stakeholder relationships. Companies with strong political connections are better equipped to manage these risks compared to those without similar networks. Mitigation strategies such as geographical diversification and strategic partnerships are identified as key solutions for addressing geopolitical instability. While providing valuable strategic insights, this study is limited to specific geographical and sectoral contexts. These findings highlight the need for further research with broader geographical and sectoral scopes to support strategic decision-making by multinational corporations in increasingly dynamic geopolitical environments.

Nutritional status affects the menstrual cycle. If a woman with a nutritional status is thin, fat tissue which is also a source of low estrogen will produce low estrogen, causing disruption to the menstrual cycle by looking at the relationship between nutritional status and menstrual cycle disorders in young women at Sman 13 Makassar. This research uses an observational analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach. Purposive sampling was used to determine the sample size. The data analysis technique uses the chi square test and ordinal regression

Otomycosis is an ear infection caused by fungi, or a superficial fungal infection of the pinna and meatus auditorius - externus. The most common symptom is itching. Ear scraping causes disruption of the natural ear cleaning mechanism so that it is easy to develop otomycosis. Indonesia with a tropical climate has a high level of humidity causing fungal infections to occur easily in the human body, such as in the ear canal or called otomycosis. This study aims to determine the relationship between the habit of picking ears with the incidence of otomycosis in the ENT Polyclinic of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam kota in 2023. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all patients at the ENT Polyclinic of the Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam Kota in 2023 with purposive sampling technique taking total sampling on a sample of 70 people. Data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results of this study obtained variables associated with the incidence of Otomycosis. Where with a frequency of >1x / week (often), 75% experienced otomycosis and ≤1x / week (rarely), 34.6% experienced otomycosis. There was a significant relationship between the frequency variable and the incidence of otomycosis (p value = 0.001). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the habit of scraping the ears with the incidence of otomycosis in patients of the ENT Polyclinic of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam Kota 2023.

The information quality is an important factor in influencing someone's decision, including online drivers. In Jambi City, some people affected by the Covid-19 pandemic chose to change professions to become online drivers due to disruption to the household economy. Undertaking this profession, online drivers are at risk of contracting diseases and safety and health hazards while working, while there are still those who do not have health insurance to face these risks. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of information quality on the decision to participate in BPJS Health insurance for online drivers in Jambi City. A quantitative study approach with a cross-sectional design was carried out in Jambi City in 2023. There were 96 respondents selected based on accidental sampling techniques. The study instrument is a questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi-square test. There is a significant influence between the factors accuracy (p=0.001), timeliness (0.000), relevance (p=0.001), and completeness of information on the decision to participate in BPJS Health insurance for online drivers. It is recommended that BPJS Health increase its educational campaign about the benefits of health insurance and improving the quality of timely and relevant information.