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The potential for open military conflict in various parts of the world is still very possible to fulfill various national interests possible to fulfill their respective national interests. Since the past, Indonesia has been the charm of various nations because of its abundant natural resources. As the largest archipelago bordering a number of neighboring countries, the unresolved boundaries of a number of state territories are also one of the potential conflicts. The development of naval forces by a number of regional countries bordering Indonesia must be examined with efforts to the development of the strength of the Indonesian Navy in addition to creating a deterrence effect/deterrence effect as well as to protect and uphold sovereignty and secure Indonesia's national interests. secure Indonesia's national interests. KRI type PKR 105 is currently the the mainstay of the Indonesian Navy's power with a number of capabilities in naval warfare. but the author suggests that there needs to be optimization to improve anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities.    

This study discusses the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) as a legal entity established by the state to manage natural resources and strategic business branches not controlled by private individuals with the main goal of pursuing profits from state assets separated from the State Budget. As a legal entity, BUMN has assets because BUMN is a legal subject in both civil and criminal law, thereby having rights and obligations like any other natural person. The purpose of this research is to know the legal basis for regulating BUMN/State Assets and whether BUMN assets have legitimacy as collateral for foreign debt guarantees. This research uses a normative legal approach with a problem-solving approach using Conceptual approach, Statute approach, and Case approach. The legal materials used are the 1945 Indonesian Constitution, the Criminal Code, Law No. 16 of 2004 on BUMN, Law No. 1 of 2004 on State Treasury, and Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance."

In the Effort to Develop the Tourism Industry in Tana Toraja, with the concept of sustainable development requires the involvement and empowerment of local communities. Local communities have a central role in preserving culture and the natural environment, and are the main beneficiaries of tourism activities. The purpose of this paper is to encourage local communities to actively participate in planning, decision-making, and tourism management processes in their area. Local communities have traditional wisdom in managing natural resources, so their involvement can help ensure that tourism development does not damage the natural environment and local ecosystems. Therefore, empowering local communities is very important in the development of sustainable tourism in Tana Toraja, because it ensures a balance between economic, socio-cultural, and environmental aspects. The method/approach/strategy of community service research uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) an approach that involves active community participation in the entire research process, from problem identification, planning, implementation, to evaluation. The result of this research is the Local Community Empowerment Strategy in Industrial Development in Tana Toraja.

The Srikandi group is a group of women who have concerns about the Prevention of Trafficking in Persons (TPPO). Therefore, the Kita Institute packages TPPO as a strengthening of the women's economy, namely by empowering the women of the Srikandi Group through training in making various chili sauces. This study aims to describe the implementation process, success, supporting factors and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative approach with research subjects including Kita Institute managers, Srikandi Group Managers, and Srikandi Group Members. The data validity technique uses source triangulation with data analysis technique using data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the research that have been carried out show that 1) The process of implementing women's empowerment in the Srikandi Group consists of three stages. The first stage is awareness through socialization and motivation. Then, the ability transformation stage is to increase knowledge and skills in making various chili sauces. The last stage is capacity improvement, where the women of the Srikandi group have been able to produce various chili sauces independently. 2) Women's empowerment of the Srikandi group succeeded in producing a variety of quality chili sauce with a durability of two months and increasing income 3) Supporting factors for empowerment are the availability of human resources, natural resources, infrastructure, high motivation of participants, female participation, and work partners. Meanwhile, the factors that inhibit empowerment are difficulties in adjusting the time and lack of confidence of Srikandi group women to start their own business.  

The Srikandi group is a group of women who have concerns about the Prevention of Trafficking in Persons (TPPO). Therefore, the Kita Institute packages TPPO as a strengthening of the women's economy, namely by empowering the women of the Srikandi Group through training in making various chili sauces. This study aims to describe the implementation process, success, supporting factors and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative approach with research subjects including Kita Institute managers, Srikandi Group Managers, and Srikandi Group Members. The data validity technique uses source triangulation with data analysis technique using data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the research that have been carried out show that 1) The process of implementing women's empowerment in the Srikandi Group consists of three stages. The first stage is awareness through socialization and motivation. Then, the ability transformation stage is to increase knowledge and skills in making various chili sauces. The last stage is capacity improvement, where the women of the Srikandi group have been able to produce various chili sauces independently. 2) Women's empowerment of the Srikandi group succeeded in producing a variety of quality chili sauce with a durability of two months and increasing income 3) Supporting factors for empowerment are the availability of human resources, natural resources, infrastructure, high motivation of participants, female participation, and work partners. Meanwhile, the factors that inhibit empowerment are difficulties in adjusting the time and lack of confidence of Srikandi group women to start their own business. Keywords: , , 

This study aims to find out the strategy of utilizing the management of the Motaain border area in an effort to alleviate poverty in Silawan Village. This research was conducted at the Motaain Border of Silawan Village, Belu Regency using primary and secondary data. The results of this study show how the SO (Strength-Opportunity) strategy uses adequate natural resources, locations close to PLBN and the existence of animal feed factories by taking advantage of opportunities such as in the agriculture and plantation, tourism and trade and logistics sectors to increase the economic activities of the local community and be able to reduce poverty in Silawan Village. The obstacles that are often faced in poverty alleviation in Silawan Village are limited resources, economic activities that occur are more dominant in the outside community and security that is still weak so that smuggling often occurs. The location close to PLBN and the existence of a animal feed factory are expected to provide alternative solutions for farmers to manage agricultural products into animal feed and revive the culture of livestock in border areas.

The implementation of environmental law influenced the success of the Eco Town program in maintaining the sustainability of river ecosystems by providing a strong foundation for preserving the environment. The implementation of strict regulations related to environmental protection and river management is key in ensuring that development within Eco Town does not damage the river ecosystem. In several case studies such as the Ciliwung River and the Brantas River, the implementation of environmental law has recorded significant improvements in the sustainability of river ecosystems. The main challenges faced in implementing environmental laws to support Eco Town programs are resource limitations, especially in terms of funds, technology, and natural resources. These limitations may hinder the effectiveness of the program and affect the ability to address environmental problems such as industrial or domestic waste management, and maintain ecological balance. To overcome these challenges, concrete measures such as improved accessibility and technology transfer, sustainable management of natural resources, and investment in environmental infrastructure are needed. By ensuring a solid environmental law implementation and paying attention to these limitations, the Eco Town program can run more effectively and efficiently in maintaining the sustainability of the river ecosystem and realizing a vision of sustainable development.

This article discusses the development of health tourism potential through the use of medicines from natural ingredients. Health and wellness have become a major concern of modern society, leading to increased interest in natural treatment alternatives. In this context, this study aims to explore the potential for developing tourist destinations that combine elements of health and natural beauty with the use of traditional medicines derived from natural ingredients. The research method involves surveying the latest literature on the use of natural medicines in the health sector, as well as case studies of several tourist sites that have successfully integrated these aspects. Data analysis was carried out to identify the advantages and challenges in developing health tourism based on natural ingredients, both in terms of health benefits and economic potential. The results of the study show that the use of medicines from natural ingredients in the context of health tourism has the potential to increase tourist attractiveness, promote local culture, and provide alternative treatments that are safer and more sustainable. However, challenges such as regulation of standards, public education and maintenance of natural resources need to be overcome for this development to be sustainable. This article provides insight into the potential and benefits of developing medicine-based health tourism from natural ingredients, as well as presents a holistic view of the relationship between health, nature and local culture in the context of tourism. The practical implication of this research is to provide guidance for stakeholders in planning, managing and promoting health tourism destinations that are sustainable and beneficial to all.

The Zero Waste concept is a comprehensive approach to waste management that aims to minimize waste production from the early stages of the production process to the end of the product life cycle. The basic principles include the application of the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), as well as the integration of 4R to 5R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Replace, and Replant), which emphasize reduction, reuse, recycling, replacement with environmentally friendly goods, and replanting. By implementing a Zero Waste approach, Indonesia has the potential to reduce the impact of environmental pollution, save natural resources, and encourage more responsible consumption patterns. However, the challenge of implementing Zero Waste in Indonesia requires collaboration between the government, private sector, civil society and international institutions to create an environment that supports Zero Waste adoption.

Indonesia is a country renowned for its rich natural resources and cultural heritage. The tourism sector, particularly in North Sumatra, includes the Batak Toba culture as one of its highlights. One aspect of Batak Toba culture reflects the potential for cultural tourism in Huta Tinggi, Samosir Regency. To develop and enhance the potential of the tourism sector in Huta Tinggi, and as an effort to preserve cultural heritage, it is necessary to establish a homestay building. A homestay plays an important role in the development of the Huta Tinggi area. The design of the homestay area adopts a local wisdom-based approach using the modern (Neo-Vernacular) Batak Toba architectural style. This is because Neo-Vernacular architecture represents a modern form that still retains the image or distinctive characteristics of the region, with a design that is adapted to contemporary contexts.

Forest areas are open natural resources that have potential and an important role in supporting human needs. However, as time goes by, natural resources in the forestry sector are starting to decline due to the large number of business entities or corporations carrying out illegal logging activities. If this is allowed to continue continuously, damage to Indonesia's forests will increase and will have a major impact on the economy due to decreased state income. The research method used in this research is a normative legal method which examines Law Number 18 of 2013 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction and other laws as research material by taking a statutory approach (Statute Approach) obtained from literature studies ( Library Research). This research aims to determine the impact of illegal logging carried out by corporations and to determine criminal legal sanctions for illegal logging carried out by corporations based on Law number 18 of 2013 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Forest Damage. From the problem formulations above, it can be concluded that corporate crime resulting from illegal logging activities is a major crime and is very dangerous and threatens the lives of humans, animals and plants.    

Salo Timur Village in Salo Sub-district, Kampar Regency, Riau Province is one of the villages where the community has a low income or the majority of the community is still in a poor condition, especially women. Women are often marginalized, they face challenges in their role and participation in village development, and they are also faced with difficulties in increasing family income and welfare. One of the things done to overcome the problems of the community, especially women, is through community empowerment activities by utilizing the potential of abundant natural resources, including the existence of moringa trees that thrive in the vicinity. The empowerment activities carried out are through cultivation and processing of moringa leaves. The learning approach used in this training is the Andragogy approach with lecture, discussion and practicum methods. The implementation of community empowerment activities in Salo Timur Village was carried out on June 2, 2022 through moringa cultivation and processing activities. The results of this activity are increasing the role of women in village development, through increasing their ability to cultivate and process moringa leaves so that they can be utilized as a source of livelihood.

Human Rights are standards to recognise and protect the dignity of all people. Human Rights regulate the coexistence of individuals and each other in society, their relationship with the state, and the obligations of the state towards individuals. In this context, the protection of human rights for indigenous Papuans is very important. The involvement of natural resource management in the protection of human rights is very significant, because natural resource management can have a direct impact on the welfare of indigenous peoples. In this study, we will examine how human rights protection for indigenous Papuans is related to the involvement of natural resource management. The results of this study show that the protection of human rights of indigenous Papuans can be improved through custom-based natural resource management and respect for the rights of indigenous peoples. Therefore, there needs to be greater attention to the protection of human rights and custom-based natural resource management in an effort to improve the welfare of indigenous Papuans.      

This research explores the impact of the development of Captive PLTU infrastructure in Sulawesi on the lives of local communities from a sociological perspective. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, this research explores the social, economic and environmental changes that occurred as a result of development interventions by PT GNI and PT COR. The construction of the Captive PLTU is based on Presidential Regulation No. 112/2022 concerning the Acceleration of Renewable Energy Development for the Supply of Electric Power. Local residents experience a range of negative impacts, including air pollution, pollution and disruption to livelihoods that depend on natural resources. The damming of the Lampi River by the PLTU has also raised concerns about the potential for flooding and decreased air quality. This research found that this development project has taken away the rights of local communities and caused various human rights violations. The results of this research emphasize the need to revise regulations that are more inclusive and fair to ensure sustainable development that takes into account the balance between economic, social and environmental interests. In conclusion, infrastructure development must be carried out with the active involvement of local communities and careful consideration of its impacts.

Article 33, Paraghraph 3 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia clearly states that the lard, water and natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and utilized for the greatest property of the people. Forest, as a gift from God Almighty are a blessing bestowed upom the Indonesia Nation. These forest are involable natural resources that must be apraciated and manage responsibly. Forest managament is viewed as direct manded that requirest the forest to be utilized while considering the local wisdom of the communities, reflecting gratitude to God Almighty. The utilization of forests as capital of national development provides tangible benefit for the lives and livelihoodes of the indonesion people, including ecological, socio-cultural, and economic benefit in a balance and dynamic manner. Forest must be administered, managed, protected,and sustainbly, utilized for the welfare of the Indonesian people bot current and future generation. Aceh is a spesial region with spesific regulation trough the Aceh Government Law, allowing it to implement unique policies within its teritori, including those releted to forestry. In Gayo Lues, region with substantial forested areas, pine tree taping activities are conducted by both companies with government permits and local communities based on their land ownership claims as recognized by local knowledge.

Makbon sub district is a sub district located in Makbon District, Sorong District, Southwest Papua Province. The Topographical conditions of the villages in Makbon District are mostly located in coastal areas with a total of 15 villages/sub districts. Public facilities are facilities provided for the public interest in the sense of facilities that are used for the benefit of all society in carrying out and making it easier for society to carry out their daily activities. Increasing development in villages is really needed by the community, especially to stimulate economic activities. One of the contributions of the Saint Paul Sorong Polytechnic in Papua, especially in Sorong, is providing community service. There are several things that the lecturer team can do to help the community, namely making sub district boundary moments, making street signs and making street lights for the community service in Makbon to develop facilities and human resources (HR) for the quality of life of the people in Makbon district, Sorong regency, Southwest Papua Province.

Indonesia's marine natural resources are one of the efforts to support Indonesia's national development vision to become a maritime axis through the management and utilization of marine natural resources. According to Kartamihardja, et al (2009:3), fisheries potential is of the opinion that Indonesia's public waters have a high diversity of fish species, so that people can take advantage of this fisheries potential. Based on measured data, according to Nuitja (2019:1), Indonesia has 95,181 km of coastline, with approximately 5 million areas of economic exclusion zone. The enormous potential of marine resources needs to be utilized optimally to encourage the maritime sector in Indonesia.

The advancement of digital technology has brought about significant progress across various sectors, while simultaneously introducing new risks, particularly in the realm of cybersecurity. Cybersecurity has become a critical concern for companies, including energy giants like Pertamina. In the context of Indonesia, adherence to cybersecurity within Pertamina must align with relevant legal frameworks, such as the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945). This research aims to explore optimal approaches to implementing cybersecurity within Pertamina, with a focus on the legal underpinnings of the 1945 Constitution. Key attention is directed towards Article 27, paragraph (3) of the Constitution, which guarantees universal access to education, including information security training for employees—a crucial element in thwarting cyber threats. Furthermore, Article 28, paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, safeguarding freedom of association, can be interpreted to endorse collaboration between Pertamina and external entities, like cybersecurity institutions and regulatory bodies, to bolster cyber defense capabilities. Integration of cutting-edge security technology is paramount, aligning with the principles outlined in Article 33, paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, emphasizing the preservation of natural resources. This extends to safeguarding Pertamina's data and digital infrastructure through measures like encryption technology, robust network security protocols, and effective intrusion detection systems. By heeding the legal foundations provided by the 1945 Constitution, the implementation of cybersecurity at Pertamina must be comprehensive, encompassing employee education, technological upgrades, and collaborative efforts with external stakeholders. Such measures aim to mitigate cyber risks, safeguard operational interests, and shield sensitive information from evolving threats in today's digital landscape. Additionally, Law Number 11 of 2008 plays a crucial role in governing information technology and electronic transactions in Indonesia. This legislation grants legal validity to electronic documents, signatures, and transactions, while also ensuring information security and user privacy. It imposes criminal penalties for illicit activities in the realm of information technology, fostering a secure environment for electronic transactions and upholding user rights in the digital age.

The Rungan River area in Palangka Raya City has abundant natural resources potential, including fisheries, agriculture, and other resources. The local community heavily relies on these natural resources as their main source of livelihood. This research examines the management of natural resources in the area as a source of economic income for the local community by combining descriptive and qualitative methods. The research findings show that the community possesses local wisdom in managing and preserving natural resources, such as Pasah Patahu, Santo Nazar, and technology-based management. However, there are still challenges, such as suboptimal utilization of natural resources, lack of support from the government and related institutions, and underutilization of technology. Further efforts from various parties are needed to optimize the management of natural resources in order to sustainably increase the economic income of the local community.  

 Agricultural waste is often underutilized, despite its significant potential as a raw material for environmentally friendly products. This study aims to develop bioplastics from corn waste by utilizing locally sourced enzymatic technology as the main catalyst in the biomass conversion process. Corn waste in the form of cobs and post-shelling residues was first prepared through drying, grinding, and mild chemical pretreatment to loosen the lignocellulosic structure. Subsequently, enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out using local enzymes derived from indigenous microorganisms, which decomposed cellulose and hemicellulose into monomeric sugars. The hydrolyzed sugars were then fermented into natural polymers, molded using the solution casting method, and dried to form bioplastic sheets. The results revealed that the produced bioplastics possessed mechanical properties comparable to commercial PLA, with tensile strength of 45–50 MPa, an elastic modulus of 2.5 GPa, and elongation at break of 5–7. Biodegradability testing showed that the material degraded up to ±85 within 90 days, exceeding the minimum threshold of 80% considered satisfactory. These findings confirm that corn waste can be transformed into competitive and eco-friendly bioplastics, while also highlighting the potential of locally based enzymatic technology for industrial-scale applications. The implications of this research extend not only to reducing waste and plastic pollution but also to strengthening the circular economy through the utilization of renewable agricultural resources.