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This study explores the urgency of enacting a specific Electronic Waste Management Law in Indonesia as a legal foundation to support the achievement of net zero emissions. Using a normative juridical approach, the research analyzes existing legal shortcomings, the application of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) principle, and comparative insights from international e-waste regulatory frameworks. The findings indicate that current environmental regulations, such as Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management and Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 on Hazardous Waste Management, do not explicitly regulate electronic waste. As a result, e-waste management remains fragmented and largely handled by the informal sector without adequate supervision or accountability mechanisms. Therefore, the establishment of a comprehensive E-Waste Law is crucial to enhance Indonesia’s legal structure, substantive norms, and legal culture in supporting a sustainable circular economy. Through the implementation of EPR and shared responsibility among producers, consumers, and government institutions, the law can function as a strategic tool to minimize electronic waste generation, improve recycling efficiency, and reduce carbon emissions. Such legal innovation would reinforce Indonesia’s environmental governance and accelerate progress toward its national goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2060.

This systematic literature review (SLR) thoroughly investigates the significant role of English for Public Administration (EPA) in improving the overall employability of STIA Tabalong graduates in an increasingly competitive job market. Employing a rigorous and structured search protocol across major academic databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, this study carefully synthesizes key findings from relevant scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2025. The comprehensive review reveals that proficiency in EPA is absolutely crucial for effective professional communication in various public sector roles, significantly impacting a graduate's ability to secure employment and advance their career. Key findings indicate a strong correlation between specialized English skills and job opportunities, while also highlighting common challenges in EPA implementation, such as a lack of relevant teaching materials and pedagogical limitations. The findings provide concrete implications for STIA Tabalong, suggesting necessary curriculum enhancements to better align with industry demands and to bridge the existing skills gap.

Employee performance is a key factor in the operational success of a business, including at Kalenan Cafe & Resto Sawahan Nganjuk, which is growing in the culinary sector. The low performance of some employees is suspected to be influenced by suboptimal leadership styles and a compensation system that is not transparent and fair. This study aims to examine the effect of leadership style on employee performance; the effect of compensation on employee performance; and the simultaneous effect of leadership style and compensation on employee performance. The study employed a quantitative survey approach with 65 employees selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentation related to performance, leadership, and compensation, and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that leadership style has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, while compensation has a negative yet significant effect. Simultaneously, leadership style and compensation significantly influence performance. Therefore, implementing a participative leadership style that supports two-way communication and a fair compensation system is essential to enhance employee motivation and performance, as well as to create a productive, harmonious work environment that supports business growth.

Rapid technological advancements have encouraged smartphone sellers to emphasize good product quality to meet customer needs in order to achieve customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. A positive brand image and good perceived value are important factors in building customer satisfaction, which ultimately impacts repurchase intentions. This study aims to examine the influence of product quality, brand image, and perceived value on customer satisfaction and thus increasing repurchase intentions. The study was conducted in Jakarta with a descriptive causality design through a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained from 131 respondents who have used an iPhone. The conceptual model analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling method. The results show that product quality, brand image, and perceived value significantly increase customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer satisfaction has been shown to encourage repurchase intentions. In addition, product quality, brand image, and perceived value each have a positive influence on repurchase intentions through the mediation of customer satisfaction. Thus, all hypotheses of this study are proven to have a positive influence. The contribution of this research is expected to provide understanding for producers in developing their business, as well as being a reference for developing marketing strategies that emphasize improving product quality, building a strong brand image, managing value perceptions, and increasing customer satisfaction in order to attract consumer interest in repeating the same product.

This study examines the influence of credit interest rates and third-party funds on the credit distribution of PT BPR BKK Banjarharjo, Brebes Regency, using a quantitative approach based on secondary data from monthly financial reports between 2020 and 2024, amounting to 60 observations. The results show that, partially, credit interest rates exert a negative and significant effect on credit distribution, while third-party funds demonstrate a positive and significant impact. Simultaneous testing further confirms that both variables collectively have a significant influence on credit distribution. These findings emphasize the importance of banking institutions in carrying out their intermediation function effectively, where the ability to maintain competitive credit interest rates and strengthen public fund mobilization becomes a strategic necessity to improve credit growth and financial stability. Moreover, the study highlights the role of micro-banking as a foundation for regional economic development, particularly in rural areas where local banks serve as drivers of community empowerment and sustainable economic activity. By reinforcing prudent management of interest rates and optimizing fund collection, banks can ensure not only improved financial performance but also the expansion of credit access for micro, small, and medium enterprises. The outcomes of this research are expected to provide practical contributions to policymakers in the banking sector, enrich scientific literature in financial management, and serve as a relevant reference for subsequent studies focusing on credit distribution, financial intermediation, and the development of microfinance institutions.

Plant growth regulators are organic or synthetic compounds that function to regulate and stimulate plant growth, both in the vegetative and generative phases. The administration of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is an effort to provide hormones to plants for optimal growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and yield of expired corn (Zea mays L.) plants after the administration of various plant growth regulators. The research using a randomized block design consisted of 10 treatments where treatment A = new seeds + Aquades, B = new seeds + 500 cc / L ZPT bean sprout extract, C = new seeds + 500cc / L ZPT young coconut water, D = new seeds + 0.2 cc / L Auxin, E = new seeds + 0.2 cc / L Gibberellin, F = expired seeds + Aquades, G = expired seeds + 500 cc / L ZPT bean sprout extract, H = expired seeds + 500 cc / L young coconut water, I = expired seeds + 0.2 cc / L Auxin, J = expired seeds + 0.2 cc / l Gibberellin. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, until 30 experimental units were obtained. Based on the results of the study, the highest plants were found in treatment I = expired seeds + 0.2 cc / L auxin at plant age 6 MST with an average of 257,667. The observation of the highest number of leaves was found in treatment I = expired seeds + 0.2 cc / L auxin at plant age 6 MST with an average of 14,530 strands, the best stem diameter was in treatment F = expired seeds + Aquades, at plant age 5 MST with an average stem diameter of 28,733, observations on the weight of the cob with husk and the best weight of the cob without husk were found in treatment F = expired seeds + Aquades with an average of 287,200 grams, and 251,533 grams, observations on the length of the best cob in treatment F = expired seeds + Aquades with an average length of 19,900 cm.

The young generation has a strategic role in social development, especially in strengthening leadership values and national character. However, in this modern era many young people have experienced a decline in the spirit of mutual cooperation, social care, and responsibility for the community environment. Based on these conditions, this community service activity was carried out with the aim of fostering the leadership character of the younger generation through the Karang Taruna organisation in Kadipaten Village, Andong District, Boyolali Regency. The activity methods used include interactive lectures, group discussions, leadership simulations, and value reflections with a participatory approach. This activity was attended by 25 Karang Taruna members and was held for two days. Evaluation was conducted through observation, questionnaires, and interviews to measure the improvement of participants' understanding, attitudes, and leadership behaviour. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in the participants' understanding of leadership concepts, communication skills, teamwork, and sense of social responsibility. Participants also began to show initiative in designing and implementing social programmes in the village. In addition, this activity strengthens the role of Karang Taruna as a forum for character and leadership development at the village level. In conclusion, leadership character development through educative and participatory approaches has proven to be effective in developing youth leadership with integrity, visionary, and orientated towards social values. This activity is expected to be a model of youth capacity building that can be replicated in other villages.

School cleanliness is a fundamental aspect in creating a healthy, comfortable, and character-based learning environment. This community service activity aims to raise students’ awareness of the importance of maintaining school environmental hygiene through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach conducted at MDTA Nurul Huda, Padamaju Village, Pagelaran District, Cianjur Regency. The activity consisted of several stages: observation, educational counseling, collaborative cleaning activities, and participatory evaluation. The results show an increased awareness among students of the importance of cleanliness, a more organized school environment, and active involvement of teachers and students in maintaining school facilities. Teachers served as role models who significantly influenced students’ clean habits. The activity also affirmed the integration of Islamic values in hygiene education, aligning with the principle of an-nadhafah minal iman (cleanliness is part of faith). Therefore, the school cleanliness education program at MDTA Nurul Huda is not merely a physical cleaning action but also a sustainable form of character education based on spiritual and social values.

This study aims to analyze the interfaith solidarity of UINSU Law students after natural disasters in North Sumatra and Aceh and to identify the forms of social activities and humanitarian values developed through these humanitarian actions. The research method used is a qualitative method with a field research approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research data sources were obtained from students, social volunteers, and disaster-affected communities involved in humanitarian activities. The results of the study indicate that UINSU Law students have an important role in helping communities through fundraising activities, humanitarian volunteers, psychosocial assistance, and interfaith cooperation. The interfaith solidarity carried out by the students was able to strengthen social relationships, increase tolerance, and create social harmony in post-disaster communities. In addition, the values of religious moderation, social concern, and unity became the main foundations of the students’ humanitarian activities. The presence of students among disaster victims gave a positive impact on the social recovery process and strengthened the sense of brotherhood and humanity within Indonesia’s multicultural society.

Family planning represents a community-based effort to promote awareness and participation through delaying the age of marriage, regulating births, strengthening family resilience, and improving family welfare to achieve small, joyful, and prosperous families (Suriana et al., 2021). The government targets Couples of Reproductive Age (CRA) to reduce population growth in Indonesia, as CRA consists of legally married couples who actively engage in sexual relations that may result in pregnancy. In addition to CRA, postpartum mothers also serve as a key target group in family planning programs. The “Four Too” components contribute to high-risk pregnancies that may lead to complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, and maternal and infant mortality. These include being too young (under 20 years), too old (over 35 years), too many children (more than four), and too close birth spacing (less than two years) (Oktarina, 2022). This study employed a quantitative research design, specifically an analytical quantitative approach with a correlational design using the cross-sectional method. The sample consisted of 40 participants. The results show that 45% of respondents had a satisfactory level of knowledge about IUD contraception, 32.5% had a moderate level, and 22.5% had a low level of knowledge. In nursing practice, increasing knowledge about contraception—particularly IUD family planning—can enhance interest in its use. Moreover, the study recommends that husbands provide support for mothers in using IUD contraception.

This study aims to analyse the design and optimization of digital marketing to increase the brand awareness of the IdRink MSME through the integration of a website and Instagram. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the Four-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), combined with prototyping techniques and evaluation through blackbox testing. Data were collected through interviews, literature review, observation, Google Analytics, Instagram Insight, and A/B testing questionnaires administered to 100 respondents. The results show that the development of a WordPress-based website and a structured Instagram content plan significantly improved IdRink’s digital performance. Within one month, the audience growth rate increased by 256%, average post reach reached 216%, and website traffic recorded 298 users. Brand awareness measurement indicated brand recognition of 74% and brand recall of 79%, higher than the comparison brand in the local beverage category. These findings indicate that integrating a website and Instagram as a digital marketing strategy is effective in moving IdRink from the unaware-of-brand stage to recognition and recall, expanding market reach, strengthening customer engagement, and building a more professional brand image among young urban consumers. The study recommends maintaining content consistency and utilising digital analytics to support future marketing decision-making.

This study investigates the role of fintech and digital finance as intermediary variables in the influence of sharia financial literacy on increasing sharia financial inclusion in Aceh Province. This study examined 308 respondents spread across various regions of Aceh Province and analyzed using SEM AMOS and a purposive sampling technique. After conducting various tests, this study demonstrated that sharia financial literacy, fintech, digital finance, and sharia financial inclusion have been well-functioning. Sharia financial literacy has been proven to enhance fintech, digital finance, and sharia financial inclusion in Aceh. Correspondingly, fintech and digital finance also have a positive and significant impact on sharia financial inclusion. Furthermore, fintech and digital finance have also been shown to partially mediate the relationship between sharia financial literacy and sharia financial inclusion

This study aims to assess extent to which leadership, communication, and competence influence employee performance at Point Coffee Medan. The research was motivated by field findings that indicated a decline in work quality, such as delays in task completion, miscommunication among employees, and a lack of capability in carrying out tasks effectively. These issues highlight the need for improvements in human resource aspects, particularly in leadership style, communication effectiveness, and employee competence. A quantitative research method with a descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 38 employees of Point Coffee Medan. The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The goal of the study was to determine both the partial and simultaneous effects of the three independent variables on employee performance. The analysis results indicate that leadership, communication, and competence have a positive and significant impact on performance, both individually and collectively. Effective leadership helps guide and motivate employees in completing their tasks. Clear and open communication fosters collaboration and a harmonious work environment. Meanwhile, strong competence enables employees to work more efficiently, accurately, and productively. In conclusion, the improvement of employee performance is strongly influenced by the leader's ability to manage the team, the quality of internal communication, and the mastery of work-related competencies. Therefore, the company is advised to enhance these three aspects as part of its human resource management strategy

This study aims to analyze the implementation of audit procedures on the cash account in nonprofit organizations, specifically in the P Educational Foundation, conducted by the Public ccounting Firm Djoko Soerjadi. The research employs a qualitative approach with the P Educational Foundation as the object of study. Primary data were obtained through direct observation during the audit process. The resulty indicate that the applied audit procedures include the determination of materiality levels, preparation of audit working papers, reconciliation of cash balances between financial statements and the general ledger, examination of bank statements, and the sending of bank confirmation letters. All cash audit procedures were carried out systematically and in accordance with applicable auditing standars in Indoensia. Theses findings suggest that the audit procedures performed by the Public Accounting Firm Djoko Soerjadi were conducted professionally and contributed to ensuring the transparency and accountability of the P Educational Foundation’s financial statements.

This research analyzes the strategic role of the Non-Governmental Intermediary (NGI) in bridging farmers and the government to accelerate the implementation of Agrarian Reform (RA) in Indonesia. Sharp agrarian inequality, driven by colonial legacy, land control by corporations/elites, and slow RA due to bureaucratic complexity, overlapping authorities, and information gaps, creates an urgent need for new collaboration mechanisms. NGIs fill this void by performing a multidimensional role: Dialogue Facilitator to reduce information asymmetry; Technical Assistant through Participatory Mapping and valid administrative document preparation; Community-Based Agrarian Conflict Mediator; Independent Monitor for accountability; and Policy Advocate. A New Institutional Model based on Hybrid Governance is proposed, formally integrating the state, NGIs, and farming communities, supported by Technological Integration for transparent participatory spatial data. This model must be realized through Institutionalized Partnership (MoU/Presidential Regulation) to ensure legitimacy and sustainability. Key challenges include bureaucratic resistance, NGO stigma, and local elite conflicts of interest, but strengthening the NGI role presents opportunities through enhanced public accountability and technical innovation. In conclusion, the successful acceleration of RA hinges on the formal legal recognition and capacity building of NGIs as official actors within the RA institutional framework.

The Merdeka Curriculum is a curriculum designed to provide flexibility to educational units in developing student-centered learning, including in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects. This research aims to describe the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum and analyze its impact on PAI learning at Manu Putra Buntet Pesantren Islamic School. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews with the school's Vice Principal for Curriculum. The results show that the Merdeka Curriculum has been implemented in grades X and XI, while grade XII still uses the 2013 Curriculum due to an unfinished transition process. In its implementation, this curriculum strives to encourage student activity and integrate Islamic values according to the characteristics of the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) environment. However, students' adaptation to the active learning model is not yet optimal, so learning still tends to be teacher-centered. In addition, limitations in facilities and infrastructure such as projectors and technological devices also hinder the full implementation of innovative methods. Overall, the Merdeka Curriculum has a positive impact on strengthening religious character and contextualizing PAI learning but requires improved facilities and further mentoring for teachers and students so that the curriculum's goals can be optimally achieved.

The digital transformation of education in Indonesia presents both strategic opportunities and significant ethical challenges. On the one hand, technological innovation expands access, effectiveness, and quality of learning; on the other hand, it risks creating social disparities, the commercialization of education, and the reduction of human values. In this context, Pancasila is considered relevant as an ethical paradigm that guides the direction of digital transformation to remain grounded in humanity, social justice, and sustainability. This study aims to analyze Pancasila as an ethical framework for directing the development of educational technology in Indonesia. The method employed is a literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach, drawing on philosophical sources, educational policy documents, and practices of digital technology implementation at various educational levels. The analysis reveals that the values of Pancasila, particularly the second and fifth principles, can serve as normative foundations for shaping policies, design, and practices of educational technology that are humanistic, inclusive, and equitable. The study concludes that integrating the Pancasila paradigm is not only ideologically essential but also strategically significant in ensuring that the digital transformation of education in Indonesia aligns with national objectives and human dignity.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the sorogan and bandongan methods in Islamic boarding school (pesantren) learning through the perspective of educational psychology. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach based on library research, this study explores the relevance of these traditional teaching methods to behaviorist, cognitivist, and constructivist learning theories. The findings reveal that the sorogan method, which emphasizes personal interaction between students (santri) and teachers (kiai), plays a crucial role in improving reading accuracy, learning discipline, independence, and metacognitive abilities. Meanwhile, the bandongan method, which is conducted collectively, proves effective in strengthening conceptual understanding, fostering social learning, and internalizing moral and spiritual values within a communal context. The integration of these two methods represents a synergy between the intellectual tradition of pesantren and the principles of modern educational psychology that emphasize affective, cognitive, and psychomotor aspects. The results indicate that the combined application of sorogan and bandongan can support the development of an adaptive pesantren curriculum aligned with the demands of 21st-century education while maintaining the Islamic scholarly tradition that serves as the foundation for character formation and personal development.

Sustainable development is now a very important worldwide issue since it is important for the health of future generations without harming the environment or generating social injustice. In this context, the Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah method can provide an essential foundation for fostering sustainable development, grounded in the principles of Islamic law. This study seeks to examine the correlation between Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah and sustainable development through the lens of Islamic law. The methodology employed is a literature research utilizing a normative-qualitative approach, examining both primary and secondary texts pertinent to Islamic law and Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah. The study's findings indicate that Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah, which emphasizes the safeguarding of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth, corresponds with the objectives of sustainable development, including social justice, environmental conservation, and economic empowerment. Further debate indicates that the incorporation of Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah principles into sustainable development strategies can establish an equilibrium between economic advancement and the safeguarding of human rights and the environment. In conclusion, the implementation of Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah in sustainable development can fortify a just and enduring legal framework and offer a resolution to the contemporary global difficulties confronting the world.  

The Socialization Program of Self-Token Economy Techniques was carried out at the Muhammadiyah Nuruddin Orphanage with the main goal of increasing the academic motivation of orphanage children through a token-based reward system approach. Children in orphanages often face challenges such as low motivation to learn, lack of incentive systems, lack of confidence, and an unconducive learning environment. To answer these problems, this program prioritizes the Self-Token Economy technique as an educational and applicative intervention strategy. The implementation method consists of the preparation stage, the implementation of socialization, and impact evaluation. The target of the activity was 15 orphanage children who were actively involved in the entire series of programs. This activity also involves strategic partners who play a role in providing facilities, technical assistance, and program sustainability planning. The results showed an increase in participants' academic motivation, characterized by increased participation in learning activities, understanding of the award system, and the emergence of independent learning initiatives. In addition, this program produces outputs in the form of scientific publications as a form of dissemination of knowledge and good practices in developing the academic motivation of orphanage children. In conclusion, the Self-Token Economy technique has proven to be effective as a social intervention approach that can be applied in the orphanage environment to support the achievement of children's education more optimally.