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This study aims to explore the impact of bilateral political volatility on the investment decisions of multinational corporations (MNCs) through a qualitative literature review approach. The analysis reveals that instability in bilateral political relations significantly influences investment decisions, particularly through regulatory uncertainty, geopolitical risks, and disruptions in stakeholder relationships. Companies with strong political connections are better equipped to manage these risks compared to those without similar networks. Mitigation strategies such as geographical diversification and strategic partnerships are identified as key solutions for addressing geopolitical instability. While providing valuable strategic insights, this study is limited to specific geographical and sectoral contexts. These findings highlight the need for further research with broader geographical and sectoral scopes to support strategic decision-making by multinational corporations in increasingly dynamic geopolitical environments.

Cloud-based resource allocation and VM/container orchestration play a crucial role in ensuring performance, scalability, and energy efficiency in modern distributed computing environments. This study investigates the effectiveness of centralized and decentralized scheduling models combined with heuristic and optimization-based allocation strategies in container-based cloud infrastructures. A quantitative experimental approach was employed to evaluate system performance under varying workload intensities. Key evaluation metrics included response time, throughput, resource utilization, SLA violation rate, and energy consumption. The experimental results indicate that centralized scheduling mechanisms experience scalability limitations and increased latency under high workload conditions. Although optimization-based allocation improves performance within centralized architectures, coordination bottlenecks remain significant. In contrast, decentralized scheduling models demonstrate superior adaptability, reduced response time, and improved throughput due to distributed decision-making and reduced control overhead. The integration of intelligent optimization techniques further enhances resource utilization and energy efficiency, achieving the lowest SLA violation rates and highest system stability. Overall, the findings confirm that combining decentralized scheduling with optimization-driven resource allocation provides a more scalable and sustainable orchestration strategy for modern cloud environments. This approach is particularly suitable for dynamic, large-scale, and latency-sensitive applications in container-based and edge-integrated cloud systems.

This article examines the legal protections in place for children in foster care systems, focusing on issues such as stability, mental health support, and legal representation. By reviewing foster care policies in several countries, the study assesses how well these policies uphold children's rights and meet their emotional and developmental needs. Findings reveal gaps in foster care protections, suggesting that more consistent standards are necessary to ensure children's welfare.

This paper investigates the stability characteristics of fractional order differential equations (FODEs) incorporating time delays. Using the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method, we derive sufficient conditions for the stability of solutions to these delayed fractional systems. The theoretical findings are applied to several examples, including models of population dynamics and engineering systems. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical results, demonstrating the role of time delays in system behavior and stability.

The construction implementation method is a very important part of the construction project to obtain the objectives of the project, the cost, quality and time. The technology aspect is very important in a construction project. Using the method of proper, practical, fast, and safe is very helpful in a construction project. Preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) methods are intended to accelerate settlement and increase the bearing capacity of soft native soils by reducing pore water through PVD in the soil with the intention of reducing water content or air content in soil grains so as to accelerate long-term settlement. Preloading with PVD can reduce the material used for pre-loading, reduce embankment material, accelerate consolidation time, and increase embankment stability.

The development of technology and information has had an impact on students, especially those who actively use social media. The busyness and activities of students who are active in using social media, especially at night, can lead to poor sleep quality. Exposure to unhealthy content such as cyberbullying, body shaming, and social comparison can affect a person's emotional stability. To determine the relationship between the duration of social media use, sleep quality, and emotional stability. The sampling technique in this research uses Quota Sampling, and 122 nursing students out of a total of 175 were obtained. This research uses a quantitative method with a correlational study type, adopting a Cross-Sectional study approach. Statistical tests using the Chi-Square test with a sensitivity level of α = 0.05% or 95%. The results of the relationship between the duration of social media use and sleep quality show a value of p = 0.003 < α = 0.05. Meanwhile, the results of the relationship between the duration of social media use and emotional stability show a value of p = 0.001 < α = 0.05. There is a relationship between the duration of social media use, sleep quality, and emotional stability. The higher the use of social media, the worse the sleep quality and the lower the emotional stability.

Road construction using aggregates. In Pinrang, the material used to make samples was brick ash. The aim of this research is to determine the aggregate properties and aggregate compatibility of AC-WC dan AC-BC asphalt concrete mixtures based on general specifications from Marga Buildings in 2018. This study, which was carried out in the laboratory from August to October 2023, used an experimental approach. According to the research results, the AC-WC dan AC-BC stability value obtained from adding 5% brick ash content with 5% asphalt content was 1975.31 kilograms and 6% asphalt content was 2995.74 kilograms. The MQ value is 833.46 Kg/mm 5%, and 6% 1109.53 Kg/mm, while the stability value obtained by adding 6% brick ash content with 5% asphalt content is 1564.59 kilograms and 6% asphalt content is 2399 .03 kilograms. The MQ value is 665.78 Kg/mm for 5% and 6% 891.83. The AC-BC stability value obtained from 5% brick ash with 5% asphalt content is 2023 ki.29 kilograms and 6% The large asphalt content is 2018.77 kilograms, the resulting MQ value is 613.12 from 5% and 6% is 531.25. The stability value resulting from the addition of 6% brick ash with 5% asphalt content is 1118.02 kilograms and 6% is 1122 .54 and the resulting MQ values were 272.69 from 5%, 267.27 from 6%. From the results of this research, the addition of 6% brick ash can reduce the stability of AC-WC and AC-BC, in contrast to 5% brick ash increasing stability.

This study examines how child custody laws across different legal systems affect child well-being in post-divorce families. By comparing custody arrangements in multiple countries, the research investigates outcomes related to children's psychological health, academic performance, and social stability. Findings suggest that shared custody arrangements generally yield better outcomes for children, though the impact varies with cultural and legal factors.

This study examines the influence of child custody laws on child well-being in post-divorce families. By comparing legal frameworks across countries, the research assesses the outcomes of different custody arrangements concerning children’s psychological health, academic performance, and social stability. Findings indicate that shared custody generally provides better well-being outcomes for children, although cultural and legal variations affect these impacts.

This study examines procyclicality and the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model in IFRS 9, aiming to analyze the effectiveness of accounting policies in reducing financial instability. Using a qualitative literature review approach, this research reviews various studies related to the implementation of IFRS 9, particularly in the context of the recognition of expected credit losses. The ECL model is expected to reduce the impact of excessive economic cycles by accounting for credit losses from the outset, in contrast to the previous IAS 39 model. While there are challenges in the accuracy of loss estimates and varying implementation across countries, the findings suggest that IFRS 9 has the potential to enhance global financial system stability, provided it is applied carefully. The study also identifies several limitations that need to be considered for further research development.

Empowering MSMEs is crucial for boosting the national economy in the contemporary industrial revolution age. The methods for fostering invention and creativity among housewives in RW 02, Rungkut Kidul Village, are covered in this study. Housewives contribute to the family's financial stability. Women labor to obtain economic stability in the face of uncertain economic situations. And MSME performers make up the bulk of the female cast. By incorporating digital marketing into their product offerings, MSME actors based in RW 02 Rungkut Kidul are attempting to raise the caliber of their output. Furthermore, the bulk of business owners have implemented business legitimacy, MSME actors. But there's a problem: only a small percentage of MSMEs have.

This research employs a qualitative method to analyze and evaluate the business network of Jeep Aquascape & Aquarium stores, with a specific focus on marketing and promotional strategies. The primary objective is to identify aspects of the business network where Jeep Aquarium can redevelop its marketing and promotion strategies to address revenue instability, despite the store generally experiencing profitability. The qualitative approach involves in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including store owners, employees, and customers. Data analysis aims to uncover patterns of revenue instability, assess the success and shortcomings of current marketing strategies, and identify internal and external factors influencing revenue fluctuations. Findings reveal that, while the store generally sees profits, attention is required to address revenue instability. Strategic recommendations from qualitative analysis include the development of more proactive promotional strategies, notably leveraging social media to reach a broader target audience. A profound understanding of business resources contributing to revenue fluctuations is also disclosed, providing additional insights for sustainable improvements. Therefore, more proactive promotions, particularly through social media, are identified as a key element to enhance visibility and customer appeal, ultimately contributing to achieving better revenue stability.

This research seeks to find out how social criticism is in cyber literature, the Whynesia monologue on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel. This research method uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data used are three cyber videos of Whynesia monologue literature on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel. This research data was collected using the listening and note-taking method. The results of the research show that Whynesia's cyber literary monologue on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel has deep social criticism regarding the phenomena currently occurring. Through the flow of the monologue delivered, the narrator presents a discourse of social criticism regarding social problems that occur in Indonesia. This monologue presents the importance of social criticism which acts as a tool to maintain societal stability. Strong and courageous monologues in conveying criticism, stimulate thinking about the importance of creating stable conditions in society, where people must express their voice or social criticism regarding problems in the environment. The implication of the findings is the importance of social criticism to maintain the stability of society and the importance of new media such as research objects to revive literary works as a medium for social criticism. Therefore, society must fight so that existing inequalities or problems can be voiced to create stability and regeneration of literary works as a medium used in society.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Gudang Garam Tbk during the period from 2019 to 2022, with a focus on the company's financial statements. The evaluation is conducted by understanding the assets and liabilities of the company, especially current assets, non-current assets, and net exposure. The significant increase in cash and cash equivalents reflects efficient liquidity management, while fluctuations in trade receivables and inventory highlight operational challenges. Sustained investments in fixed assets signify a commitment to long-term growth, although fluctuations in trade payables and short-term liabilities demand caution. The consistently positive net exposure provides insight into potential growth and financial stability. However, the decrease in net exposure in 2021 indicates the impact of changing dynamics in the cigarette industry. In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of financial statements is crucial for identifying opportunities and risks, providing a foundation for informed strategic decision-making. Additionally, this research emphasizes the importance of a deep understanding of factors influencing financial performance. Focus on liquidity, fixed asset investment, and net exposure management provides a complete picture of the company's dynamics. In facing the changing dynamics of the cigarette industry, the company needs to maintain a balance between long-term growth and financial risk management. The results of this research can serve as a valuable guide for the company's strategic decision-making in the future.

By exploring international cooperation between Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia in the use of local currency through the Local Currency Settlement (LCS) framework, this research details the deeper context regarding concerns regarding dependence on the US Dollar after the 2016-2017 financial crisis. with an emphasis on the development of the use of local currencies after the Asian crisis of 1997-1998. This research reveals that one of the main criteria for establishing an optimal currency area (OCA) is exchange rate stability. In looking at the research results, a positive evolution of the use of local currencies in post-crisis ASEAN cooperation is illustrated, especially through the LCS initiative involving Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. Although LCS implementation trends show positivity, further improvement is identified as an urgent need to bring it in line with total trade between countries. Hope lies in the LCS collaboration which is expected to strengthen currency stability, spur economic growth and increase trade activity in the region. Thus, this research provides valuable insight into the urgency of regional cooperation in managing dependence on global currencies, especially the US Dollar.

This research entitled "The Relation of Religious Moderation in the Malay Muslim Community of South Sumatra to Democratic Stability" aims to analyze the relationship of religious moderation in the Malay Muslim community in South Sumatra and its impact on democratic stability in the region. In the context of a religiously and ethnically heterogeneous society, religious moderation is an important factor influencing the stability of a democratic system. This research methodology includes surveys, interviews and content analysis regarding the understanding and practice of religious moderation in the Malay Muslim community. The resulting data was then analyzed to determine the relationship between religious moderation and democratic stability, taking into account other factors that might influence this relationship. Research findings show that in the Malay Muslim community in South Sumatra, the practice of religious moderation can make a positive contribution to democratic stability. Religious moderation can play an important role in encouraging interfaith dialogue, reducing opportunities for conflict, and increasing inclusive political participation. In this context, understanding and implementing the values ​​of religious moderation in the Malay Muslim community of South Sumatra can be considered as social capital that supports sustainable and stable democratic development. These results have important implications for developing policies and strategic approaches that encourage religious moderation as an integral part of the social and political dynamics of society.    

Developing countries tend to experience inflation, countries with inflation rates of less than 3% are still achieving normal standards, while countries with high and unstable inflation experience economic instability. increase in prospects. A general and continuous decline in the price level of goods and services in a country leads to higher levels of poverty and unemployment. This study uses quantitative methods using time series data collected between 2016 and 2020 and statistical calculations using SPSS. The results showed that the inflation rate was 3.532> t table 2.306 and the significance level was 0.039 < . 0.05, which means that inflation affects Indonesia's economic growth / Growth Domestic Product (GDP).

Monetary policy is a vital instrument in managing a country's economic stability. Global economic transformation and dynamics in financial markets require in-depth evaluation of monetary policy. This research aims to analyze the influencing factors of monetary policy and investigate the impact of its transformation in the current economic context. Through a careful methodological approach, this research uses secondary data analysis from various global and national economic sources. The literature review investigates the current literature on monetary policy and economic transformation. The results of the data analysis provide deep insight into the factors influencing monetary policy and the consequences of its transformation. The main findings show that changes in the global economic order, financial technology and capital market dynamics play a major role in changing the monetary policy paradigm. This transformation can have a significant impact on economic stability and societal welfare. The conclusions of this research provide a basis for developing policies that are responsive and adaptive to economic transformation. The practical implications of this research include the need to update a more dynamic monetary policy strategy to answer new challenges in the era of globalization. It is hoped that further research will deepen specific aspects of monetary policy transformation to provide a more comprehensive view.

This study aims to determine the important role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in global economic stabilisation and recovery efforts, especially in the midst of the international financial crisis. The IMF serves as a critical provider of financial assistance to crisis-affected countries through an emergency lending mechanism, the IMF provides the financial support needed to address urgent economic pressures. In addition, the IMF acts as an economic policy advisor by providing guidance to its member countries. By designing appropriate structural reform programmes and economic policies, the IMF helps countries to recover from the crisis and build a stronger economic base. The importance of international co-operation is also a focus of the IMF in promoting global economic stability. This article has a formulation of the problem of how the IMF's role in providing emergency financial assistance for the economic stabilisation of countries affected by the international financial crisis. The analytical method used by the author is a qualitative approach. The results of the research in this journal are The IMF was established to maintain financial stability and world trade by providing loans to countries facing balance of payments crises that could threaten a country's economy.

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the pandemic on the stability of the financial industry. After a disaster or disease outbreak in a region, the stabilization and recovery of various financial institutions will have a very important role in the overall economic recovery. Moreover, recently there has been a global disease outbreak (Covid-19) which has impacted the economies of various countries, including various financial institutions. This study uses a panel data approach and two estimation procedures, namely fixed effect and OLS to measure the impact of the pandemic on financial industry stability. Panel data used to measure the impact of natural disasters and disease outbreaks on the financial stability of the financial industry is fairly new to the research field, and provides valuable insights for policymakers and industry professionals. The results showed that natural disasters and outbreaks have a significant impact on the financial stability of the financial industry, and these have varying impacts depending on the type of disaster, country, and institution. From the findings of this study, the authors suggest that policymakers consider implementing new measures to mitigate the impact that will arise by improving risk management practices and increasing capital requirements for the financial industry. Future research is expected to focus on developing more comprehensive datasets to improve analysis and understanding of future impacts.