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. Parents are the main and first educators of their children, because it is from them that the child first receives education. The role of parents as the main and first educators for children is also because heredity they are destined to be parents who give birth. So by nature, inevitably parents who are the main and first responsible for children can receive education. The dedication of parents in caring for children with special needs has a very impact on the survival of children with special needs in the future, the child's growth and development process will be affected if parents cannot determine the right caregiver style. Children who have unique needs need additional care from classmates, parents, teachers, and other family members. In order for children with special needs to reach their full potential, it is important that they should be given support rather than ignored or ostracized.  Children suffering from physical or mental health problems should receive different care than other children.  Similarly, to improve learning achievement and, in particular, to give priority to the improvement of physical and mental growth they must be equipped with the necessary means and facilities for their activities.

This research aims to describe the management of early childhood education at RA Annur Babalan. This research uses a qualitative approach and is descriptive in nature. The selection of research subjects was carried out using purposive sampling technique. Research subjects are managers, educators, students and parents. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Checking the validity of the data is carried out through diligent observation, participation and adequacy of references. The research results show that the RA Annur Babalan management program has been prepared in accordance with the institution's vision and mission by carrying out management functions including; implementation, supervision and guidance. Managers as leaders in carrying out management functions place great emphasis on cooperation based on sincerity, enthusiasm and high loyalty. Planning is carried out with strategic planning, preparing learning plans ranging from yearly, semester, monthly, weekly to daily. Organizing is carried out by coordinating tasks, opportunities, experiences and insights with open communication, holding regular meetings to discuss efforts to improve performance. Supervision is carried out by direct observation, through supervision, regular meetings with educators. Collaboration ends with parents, through monthly meetings (parenting), and partners related to RA. Assessment and evaluation is carried out by giving assignments, observations, daily notes, anecdotes, performance, work results and educational visits.

Parenting is a parenting style that provides teachings to toddlers that will aim to shape the child's characteristics, provide education that can shape the toddler's personality and provide support in the development process, both growth and development and related to the toddler's skills. In implementing parenting patterns, parents discover the unique behavior of toddlers because the characteristics of children are very different, so parents need to pay attention to their children and provide different parenting patterns for each toddler. Parenting for toddlers will be carried out under the age of 5-6 years, during this time the attention given to the child must be more active where parents pay attention to their development and growth, mental, physical, social development and the interactions carried out every day (Rahmat, 2018). In line with previous research conducted by Sisri Landa Sari, entitled the relationship between parenting patterns and children's social development in Jorong Kampung VII District. South Rao District. Pasaman in 2019, where research results showed that there was a significant relationship between parental parenting patterns and the social development of children under five with a correlation coefficient of 0.350 and a significant p-value of 0.010<0.05, which means that the higher the parenting pattern, the the higher the level of social development of the child, and vice versa, if the toddler receives low parenting, the social development of the toddler will be low (Sari, 2019).Based on the initial survey conducted at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City, it can be seen that there are two villages and there are toddlers whose language and social development is still lacking, this is because the parents of these toddlers are not often near their children all the time because the parents are older. there is a lot of time to work and farm to earn a living so that the development experienced by children is given less attention and the parents' knowledge about the development of toddlers is lacking. .Keywords: Parenting Patterns, Toddler Development.  

Parenting is a learning process in the form of care between parents and chilfren by fulfilling all their needs. Parenting education has big influence on children’s development and to improve children’s character.parents are asked to be active and effective in educating children. Parents also have to control their chilfren more at home and when using cellphones. One of the factors causing children to use cellphones is that childrenbecome disobedient to their parents. The method of this service is lectures and discussions. The method of this service is providing explanation and understanding and tips on how to educate and guide children in Dukuh Manukan. The conclusion from the dedication carrid out bt the author is that parenting education is very effective in educating and guiding children so that children become closer to their parents.

Parental care is inseparable from the morals and ways of educating children's behavior, how to make children have behavior that is in accordance with applicable rules and norms, both in the family environment and work environment. Quantitative research type with 85 respondents. .The measuring instrument in this study is a compliance scale, using a modification of measuring instruments from Pertiwi and Muminin (2020), with a total of 12 items, measuring instruments on the parenting scale in this study used modifications to measuring instrument instruments developed by Pertiwi and Muminin (2020) research with a total of 18 items from 27 items. The hypothesis in this study is "There is an effect between parenting and compliance in members of the Sabhara Police Unit at Police Station X". The statistical description test showed mean results on the parenting variable of 4.12, a median of 4.0 and a standard deviation of .45, on the compliance variable, a mean result of 4.46, a median of 4.54 and a standard deviation of 5.0. Based on the normality test with Kolmogrov Smirnov Residual, it is known that the monte carlo sig (2-tailed) value of 0.441 results can be interpreted as normal distributed data. The results of the linearity test obtained a significance value of 0.811, it shows that p > 0.05 which means that there is a linear relationship between the parenting variable and the compliance variable. Based on the correlation test, the correlation coefficient value of the parenting variable with compliance is .409** with a sig (2-tailed) level of 0.000 (p< 0.05) so that it can be stated that there is a positive relationship between parenting and compliance at police station x. The results of the study based on regression tests showed that parenting contributed 16.7% to compliance.

This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between social media engagement, clean habits, smoke-free environment, school environment, parenting, and students' healthy lifestyle. Utilizing a phenomenological research model, data will be collected through purposive sampling involving students, parents, and educators. Thematic analysis will be employed to discern patterns and themes from the collected data. The study seeks to reveal the interplay of these factors in shaping students' health behaviors and lifestyle choices. Findings are anticipated to offer insights into the multifaceted influences on students' health, informing strategies for promoting healthier lifestyles within educational settings.  

This research aims to determine the role of students as Puspaga facilitators in an effort to bring public services closer to the RW Hall, Perak Barat Subdistrict, Surabaya. Puspaga services are a means of learning and counseling for parents in Surabaya to improve their ability to overcome problems related to violence against children, delinquency among children and other problems that exist in the family environment. So Puspaga services are provided at the Perak Barat Village RW Hall, which is one of the innovations of the Surabaya City Government to bring public services closer to the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research methods. Data in this research data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews and taking documentation. The results of the research that has been carried out show that Puspaga Facilitators have been able to provide closer services to the community by providing Puspaga Balai RW services in Perak Barat Subdistrict which include counseling services, socialization and parenting classes.

This service is an academic activity that has a definite theme and program in a condition where the activity partners are aligned with the implementation of research programs and community service. From the data obtained by researchers, the research location really needs to improve nutrition because there are still many children affected by stunting and pregnant women who suffer from chronic energy deficiency (CED) and so the research location was chosen as a Stunting Prevention center for approximately 45 days. So that the community in Lembang and the community health center implement the Happy Kitchen to Prevent Stunting. This research aims to support the community to participate and involve active participation from the community, government, health institutions and related stakeholders to achieve maximum results in preventing stunting in Lembang Rindingallo. The research subjects are the people at the research location. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. The method used in this research is providing education, providing healthy food through the Dapur Bahagia Prevent Stunting program for children who fall into the stunting group and pregnant women with KEK. One of the work programs that we implement is Stunting Prevention. Through this work program, it is hoped that with the Happy Kitchen program to prevent stunting, the needs and health of children affected by stunting and pregnant women with KEK in Lembang Ridingallo can be prevented.

Stunting is a condition in which a child's weight and height are significantly below that of their peers of the same age, and it becomes noticeable when a child reaches the age of two. Stunting can be attributed to several interconnected factors such as genetics, economic conditions, household circumstances, parenting styles, insufficient nutritional intake, limited access to healthcare services, clean water scarcity, and inadequate sanitation. Stunting remains a paramount issue in terms of nutrition and health in Indonesia, including in the Riau region. Rambah Sambo sub-district is one of the seven sub-districts in Rokan Hulu Regency that has villages with a stunting locus status, and one of them is Karya Mulya Village. To shed light on the reality of stunting in the Riau Province, the University of Riau 2023 Community Service (Kukerta) Team in Karya Mulya Village will conduct observations and interviews with the local community to gauge their understanding and knowledge regarding this stunting issue. Most community members or parents with stunted children generally do not comprehend the meaning of stunting itself. However, based on observations, the knowledge of Karya Mulya Village residents about stunting falls into the "adequate" category, leaving them to speculate about it. Some respondents refer to stunting as malnutrition and prefer to describe it as a lack of height. Some of the Karya Mulya Village residents have grasped the consequences or effects of stunting on a child's future. The majority of the community agrees that stunting can disrupt a child's mental health. In preventing and reducing stunting cases, Karya Mulya Village faces several challenges. The first is changing community behaviors, and the second pertains to improving nutrition and food, as there are still community members who do not provide high-protein and nutritious food to their children.

Good parenting will result in the formation of good morals, principles and behavior in children now and in the future. Parents are the main factor in creating children's morals, principles and behavior in living life. Parents provide parenting patterns to children in the form of physical or personal treatment, namely words, attitudes, behavior and actions carried out by parents. Children will adapt and become familiar with the surrounding environment and the interactions with fellow humans that children will have through the parenting style provided by their parents. The family teaches good education which plays an important role in the growth and development of the child's personality The attitude shown by parents can determine family relationships because once a relationship has been formed it tends to last. Parents must be able to understand their children well and recognize their children's attitudes and desires in developing and educating their children without forcing them to be someone else. Interactions carried out between parents and children should not use threatening and judgmental actions but should be diverted to words that tend to be advice or motivational so that children can achieve success in developing good character., authoritarian, indulgent and neglectful parenting.

Therapeutic communication is communication that has the aim of healing. Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality that is inherited from birth. This research aims to determine the process of therapeutic communication, therapeutic communication techniques and barriers to therapeutic communication carried out by parents in shaping the positive character of children with Down syndrome in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan. The phenomenon raised began with observations made by researchers. This interest arose because of the differences in positive characteristics possessed by Down syndrome children in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan. The differences in the positive characteristics of children with Down syndrome in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan, Riau, are a unique and interesting phenomenon to study. Differences in age and parenting patterns of Down syndrome children in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan can shape the character they have. The similarities they have make them unique. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The subjects of this research were 12 people, namely children with Down syndrome, parents or guardians and neighbors around where the children with Down syndrome lived in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan. Taking place in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan, Riau. The data collection techniques used in this research were observation, interviews and documentation. This research lasted 7 months starting from September 2022 to February 2023. The results of this research show that therapeutic communication carried out by parents can shape the positive character of children with Down syndrome in terms of their independence. The independence of Down syndrome children in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan includes politeness towards others, such as being able to say sorry, thank you and please. Independence in taking care of yourself, such as being able to shower yourself, iron your own clothes, wash your own clothes. Can treat others well. Smartphones are the best friends for children with Down syndrome in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan, Riau. Parenting styles play an important role in the development of children with Down syndrome. The development of Down syndrome children also makes the age difference a benchmark for the independence of Down syndrome children in Kenegerian Teluk Kuantan.

This research focuses on analyzing the impact of strict parents in the short story "Gadis" by Hening Apriliananda Wikuruni using a mimetic approach. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The resource used is the short story "Gadis" by Hening Apriliananda Wikuruni. The data collection technique used was to read critically and carefully the entire story content of the short story. The analysis technique is to examine the impact of the strict parents in the short story, then compare it with real life reality. The results of this research are that the short story describes an authoritarian parenting pattern, then this parenting pattern creates violence in the family which results in the girl (the main character of the short story) experiencing mental disorders. The girl tried to commit suicide twice but ultimately failed. In real life, we encounter this a lot and it is not something new. The impact that often occurs in real life is that children have difficulty making decisions, there is tension between parents and children, and the child has the potential to commit criminal acts.    

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing bullying behavior in children, as well as the ways of addressing bullying behavior within the family environment by parents and within the school environment by the school authorities. The research subjects are children aged 9 to 12 years, parents, and teachers, from whom data is collected to understand the causes and solutions to bullying behavior. A qualitative research approach is employed, involving observation, interviews, and documentation of the research subjects. The study is conducted at the Mutiara Titipan Illahi Foundation in Tasikmalaya. The research findings indicate that the factors leading to bullying activities include the perpetrators feeling stronger and more powerful in front of their peers, as well as family factors such as lack of harmony and deep communication within the family. The efforts made by teachers involve providing intensive guidance and moral support to both the bullies and the victims, thus effectively addressing bullying activities. Parents' efforts in dealing with bullying perpetrators involve increasing the level of communication between parents and children, so that children feel supervised and experience a deterrent effect.

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of parenting styles on the development of students' social concern character. The research was conducted in class VA with 21 student of SDN 1 Pengadangan as respondents in the academic year 2022/2023. The research method used is quantitative research with an ex-post facto research method. The results of the hypothesis test analysis conducted by the researcher indicate that there is an influence of parenting styles on the development of students' social concern character using the t-test formula, with the testing criteria being that if the tcount >  ttable value at a significance level of 0.05 (5%), then there is an influence between variables X and Y. Based on the results of the hypothesis test calculation of the influence of parenting styles on the development of students' social concern character, with a tcount 12.143 > ttable 2.080 at a significance level of 0.05. Meanwhile, the significance value of the influence of parenting styles on the development of students' social concern character is 0.00 < 0.05 (5%). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an influence of parenting styles on the development of fifth-grade students' social concern character.

The toddler period is also known as the "golden age," which falls within a crucial phase of child growth and development. However, during this period, toddlers constitute a nutritionally vulnerable group. Failure to navigate this period effectively may cause children to miss their opportunity for a golden phase of growth and development. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and parenting styles with the nutritional status of infants aged 0-12 months. Method: The research design employed is an Analytical Survey with a Cross-Sectional Study approach. All mothers with infants or toddlers visiting the Batusura’ Health Center between March and June 2023 were included. A purposive sampling technique was utilized, resulting in 64 respondents. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire sheets. The collected data were subsequently processed and analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 25 and subjected to Chi-Square tests. The findings of this study reveal a relationship between maternal knowledge and infant nutritional status, with a p-value of ρ = 0.004. Furthermore, a connection between maternal parenting styles and infant nutritional status was observed, with a p-value of ρ = 0.008. Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between maternal knowledge and parenting styles with nutritional status.    

Nutritional problems in infants and toddlers are still a major problem in community administration, one of which is the problem of malnutrition. Tanjungpinang City still finds cases of toddlers with malnutrition disorders, among others, malnutrition, undernutrition and stunting. cases of malnutrition in Tanjungpinang City have increased over the past three years. In 2020 there were 97 toddlers, in 2021 there were 121 toddlers and in 2022 it rose to 245 toddlers. The purpose of this study is to Evaluate the Poor Nutrition Management Program in Toddlers at the Tanjungpinang City Health Office. Researchers use a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the program evaluation show how the achievement of the implementation of the malnutrition mitigation program carried out by the Tanjungpinang City Health Office. The context indicator explains the background of the program and the strategy carried out by the Health Office has run optimally to achieve program goals. Furthermore, input indicators still require complete human resources and infrastructure so that malnutrition management programs can run effectively. Then, the HR process indicators in this program have been running through coordination so that activities can run regularly but there are still some things that need to be considered in increasing participation and knowledge about parenting. Furthermore, product indicators are evaluated in running the program, but there are still some negative sides that still think that handling nutritional problems is a health task. The conclusion of the evaluation of the malnutrition mitigation program by the Tanjungpinang Health Office is that the malnutrition program is effective enough but has not been optimally implemented. Suggestions as an improvement effort are to increase community understanding of the program, strive for the fulfillment of additional feeding for all toddlers, fulfill program training, add officers and improve training.

Parenting in the family is an action taken by parents in the family, so that children who get positive parenting can avoid growth and development disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship of parenting patterns to the growth and development of children aged 12-36 months. This research was conducted at Batua Raya Health Center and Tamalanrea Jaya Health Center. The total sample was 172 people with purposive sampling technique. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach method. The results of this study showed that parents who had positive parenting patterns had good nutrition 71 people, positive parenting patterns had poor nutrition 24 people, negative parenting patterns had good nutrition 40 people, negative parenting patterns had poor nutrition 37 people, positive parenting patterns had appropriate child development 71 people, positive parenting patterns had poor child development 24 people, negative parenting patterns had appropriate child development 41 people and negative parenting patterns had poor child development 36 people. The data analysis used is chi square and the p value for growth is 0.002 and the p value for development is 0.003. This shows that there is a relationship between parenting patterns and the growth of children aged 12-36 months.

This article aims to find out and describe the relationship between Islamic psychology and the handling of emotional stress and the involvement of grandmother's parenting. The methods used in this study were literature study, observation, and interviews to find out about the relationship between Islamic psychology and emotional stress management. Islamic psychology is a field of study that combines Islamic principles and teachings with modern psychological principles to understand human behavior and offers a holistic approach in understanding and treating psychological problems. Emotional distress, or emotional stress, is a state of emotional imbalance that occurs when individuals encounter emotionally challenging situations or events. Parenting that is not good will make the child become a closed person and lack confidence. This article was written with the aim of conveying information to the reader, so that it can be used as a reference to increase the reader's knowledge, and can have an academic impact on the writer. This article contains the relationship between Islamic psychology and dealing with emotional stress and the involvement of grandmothers in parenting.

Education is expected to produce quality, moral and responsible human beings and be able to welcome progress in the future. The quality of education at every level and one educational unit can be seen through the learning outcomes obtained by students because these learning outcomes can indicate the extent to which students have mastered the subjects they are studying. One of the successes in forming self-efficacy and children's creativity is influenced by the parenting model. Parenting parents are divided into three types, namely authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. Each of these parenting styles has an impact on child development. Authoritative parenting is the best way to develop children's self-efficacy and creativity. Because this authoritative parenting style is characterized by parents who are democratic, respect and understand the child's situation with its strengths and weaknesses so that the child can become a mature, sociable person, and can adapt well to the surrounding environment. The research method used is classroom action research by collecting through observation and questionnaires as well as analysis techniques using qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of observations and student questionnaires, it showed that there was a significant increase in the results of authoritative parenting to increase student self-efficacy and creativity in Cycle I, where the results of student observations and questionnaires about self-efficacy and student creativity were good, namely 10 students with a percentage (83.33%) of 12 students. It can be concluded that there is an increase in self-efficacy and student creativity through authoritative parenting.    

In psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are based on biology and are relatively independent of learning, value systems, and attitudes. Every child is born with a different temperament or biological behavior, depending on the temperament or biological behavior of their parents. However, in the process of character formation, this temperament will change in the course of life according to the parenting patterns of parents and even the environment in which they live. The development of children in the social, cognitive and emotional fields is very important in their future life when starting life or maturing. Parenting patterns are divided into 4 which can certainly influence a child's growth and development, namely: authoritarian (authoritarian), indulgent (permissive), authoritative (democratic), neglectful (ignorant). The aim of this research is to determine the influence of parental parenting on children's temperament. This research sample used 4 teenagers who had different parenting patterns.