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In Indonesia and many other EFL contexts, English is often taught in structured classroom settings that rely on scripted dialogues and controlled practice. This limits students’ exposure to spontaneous, real-life communication, reducing their ability to use English naturally and appropriately in authentic situations. This study investigates the pragmatic competence of Indonesian students during English interview interactions with foreign tourists, using Grice’s Cooperative Principle as the theoretical framework. Five video recordings were analyzed, featuring elementary and secondary students conducting unscripted interviews with tourists at Seminyak Beach, Bali. While the students generally demonstrated adequate grammatical control and vocabulary range, the findings reveal recurring challenges in sustaining natural and cooperative conversations. The most frequent violations involved the Maxims of Relation, Quantity, and Manner, with students often failing to respond appropriately to tourist answers, providing minimal elaboration, or speaking in unclear and disorganized ways. The results highlight the need for English language teaching to include explicit instruction in pragmatic skills, such as turn-taking, topic development, and interactional awareness.

The coastal area of Manado City, particularly the estuary of the Bailang River in Bunaken District, frequently experiences inundation due to the complex interaction between river discharge and tidal fluctuations. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and extent of flooding resulting from the combination of river discharge and tides, as well as to evaluate mitigation strategies based on numerical modeling results. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed using MIKE 21 Flow Model FM HD, utilizing topographic and bathymetric data from DEMNAS and BATNAS, along with 2023 river discharge and tidal data. Simulations were conducted for existing conditions, minimum discharge with maximum tide, and maximum discharge with maximum tide. The results show that tidal influence significantly contributes to the increase in flood extent and duration, especially when high river discharge coincides with peak tidal conditions. The most affected areas are Kelurahan Molas and Tumumpa, located along the riverbanks and near the fish auction port, with inundation covering up to 4.973 hectares and water depths exceeding 0.5 meters. Recommended mitigation strategies include river normalization and the implementation of a real-time hydrodynamic early warning system. This study supports flood risk management and coastal spatial planning, serving as a technical reference for local government policy-making.

The village government policy in managing BUMDes has not been running properly and there has not been much role of the village government in managing BUMDes Mentari Pagi. Therefore, the village government policy in managing BUMDes must be implemented properly and the village government must be directly involved or increase its role in fostering the management of BUMDes Mentari Pagi in Pocong Village, Lamba Leda Selatan District, East Manggarai Regency. This study aims to determine the village government policy in managing BUMDes in Pocong Village, Lamba Leda Selatan District, East Manggarai Regency and to determine the role of the village government in managing BUMDes in Pocong Village, Lamba Leda Selatan District, East Manggarai Regency. This study uses a field research method with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that there is still a lack of community involvement in the management of BUMDes in Pocong Village. This is because the community is busy with their work individually and the village government is less open to BUMDes administrators in managing BUMDes and the role of the Pocong Village Government in managing BUMDes in this case the Pocong village government has not carried out its duties and authorities to the maximum extent possible. It can be seen from the answers from 7 people who were used as respondents, 100% answered poorly, thus the management of Pocong Village's business entity lacks transparency.

The quality of biometric solution products needs special attention. This is based on complaints submitted by consumers. Following up on these complaints, research needs to be conducted to find out how consumers feel about biometric solution products, find the root of the problem that affects product quality, and also find solutions that can be done to maintain the quality of this biometric solution product. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach at a biometric solution provider company. The research sample is a biometric solution product produced from July 2023 to March 2025. The collaborative application of the Statistical Process Control and Root Cause Analysis methods is used to determine whether product damage is still within control limits and also to determine the main causes of the decline in product quality. The results of the study showed that the reported product damage reached 23.6%, which exceeds the maximum product damage standard determined by management, which is 10%. Although the product damage exceeds the maximum standard, the results of calculations using the control chart show that the damage is still within normal control limits. However, several factors causing product quality problems are determined by human factors, materials, methods and measurements. The lack of technical capabilities and technical documentation from the Research and Development team shows a major influence on the problems that occur. Improvement steps can be taken through improving Research and Development procedures, completeness of technical documentation, and increasing the technical capabilities of the Research and Development team.

Probiotics from West Sumatra curd have the potential to improve the production performance of local West Sumatra ducks, where Probiotics are live bacteria given as food sulpementation. Giving probiotics can have a beneficial effect on health where probiotics produce inhibitor compounds so that they can maximize the absorption of food in the intestines of livestock. The purpose of this study was to observe the production performance of ducks given probiotics. The design used was a randomized complete factorial method. The first factor (A) Dosage of probiotics (LAB) is with treatment A1: 1 ml (12.7 x 108 CFU/g); A2: 2 ml (25.4 x 108 CFU/g); A3: 3 ml (38.1 x 108 CFU/g). The second factor (B) is the frequency of probiotic administration, namely B1: 0 times; B2: 1 time; B3: 2 times; B4: 3 times; B5: 4 times; B6: 5 times; B7: 6 times, consisting of 4 replicates with a total of 346 ducks. The observed variables were food consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, carcass percentage. The results of this study were the average food consumption at a dose of 3 ml with 5 times administration (995.79g). The highest average body weight gain (369.74 grams) dose of 1 ml and 5 times administration. The highest carcass percentage with a dose of 3 ml and a frequency of 5 times (72.63%).

This study aims to explore the implementation of the concept of tawakal and sabar in former drug addicts in dealing with social stigma. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, involving three main subjects who have undergone rehabilitation and reintegration for one year and three supporting subjects. Data were collected through interviews and non-participatory observations, then analyzed by data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions through source triangulation. The results of the study showed that the subjects implemented sabar and tawakal in real terms. The aspect of sabar is seen in the steadfastness of worship, self-control, acceptance of destiny, positive thinking, and holding back complaints. While the tawakal aspect includes belief in Allah's provisions, maximum effort, dependence on Him, and pleasure in the results.

This study aims to examine the principle of cooperation in pragmatic analysis based on Grice's theory as applied in the Indonesian comedy show Lapor Pak! broadcast on Trans7. The focus of the research is on the violations of the maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner as performed by characters such as Andika, Surya, Vincent, Wendy, and Kiki. These violations are analyzed as strategic communicative acts intended to generate humor. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method with listening and note-taking techniques applied to purposively selected dialogue transcripts. The findings reveal that the deliberate violations of Grice’s maxims function not as communicative failures, but as rhetorical and pragmatic tools that enhance comedic effect, deliver subtle social criticism, and strengthen character portrayal. Therefore, in the context of entertainment discourse, violating cooperative principles serves as an effective and purposeful pragmatic strategy.

This study aims to examine the realization of Grice’s cooperative principles in transactional speech acts between sellers and buyers at the Depo Air Minum Isi Ulang Sehat Lestari (Healthy Refill Drinking Water Depot). The cooperative principles consist of four maxims: quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. The research is motivated by the importance of effective communication in sales interactions, particularly to avoid misunderstandings in conveying intentions and information. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through participatory observation and recorded conversations. The findings indicate that all four maxims were naturally realized in daily interactions. Utterances such as “Mas, air satu” (“One gallon, please”), “Air galon segar loh” (“The water is fresh”), and “Tolong kirim air 10 galon” (“Please deliver 10 gallons”) reflect contextually appropriate and functionally effective applications of the maxims. Furthermore, the use of concise, clear, and straightforward speech structures shows that the cooperative principles are not only evident in content but also in the linguistic form used. These findings highlight that communication in micro-level services such as water refill depots tends to be pragmatic, efficient, and shaped by local social norms and contextual understanding.

This article discusses the expression development activities and character education of children at the Baitussalam Orphanage in Blitar Regency through a social service program with the theme "Children's Voices for the World Through Pictures and Words." This program is designed by dividing into 2 groups, namely for children aged 10-14 years with a focus on public speaking training aimed at increasing self-confidence, communication skills, and courage to speak in public. Meanwhile, for children aged 5-9 years, activities include coloring and storytelling which aim to hone creativity and language skills in a fun and interactive way. In addition to these activities, there is also material related to character education, which is an integral part of this program to form positive attitudes and moral values from an early age. The approach used is tailored to the developmental stage of the child's age, so as to maximize their potential for expression through pictures and words, as well as foster self-confidence and social skills that are important for their future. This program demonstrates that the development of public speaking and creative expression through art and storytelling can be an effective medium in children's character education in an orphanage environment.

The Hungarian method is a mathematical optimization algorithm used to solve assignment problems by finding the optimal allocation of resources to tasks. This research examines the application of the Hungarian method for both balanced and unbalanced maximization assignment problems. The balanced assignment problem involves an equal number of workers and jobs, while the unbalanced problem deals with unequal numbers. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Hungarian method in solving maximization problems through mathematical modeling and algorithmic implementation. The research methodology includes literature review, mathematical analysis, and computational testing using various case scenarios. Results demonstrate that the Hungarian method can effectively solve both balanced and unbalanced maximization assignment problems by converting them into minimization problems through matrix transformation. The balanced cases show direct application of the classical Hungarian algorithm, while unbalanced cases require the addition of dummy variables to achieve matrix balance. The method proves to be efficient with polynomial time complexity O(n³), making it suitable for real-world applications. The research concludes that the Hungarian method provides optimal solutions for resource allocation problems in various organizational contexts, contributing to improved operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness in decision-making processes.  

This study was conducted with the aim of exploring how the influence of forensic accounting and whistleblowing system as a mechanism in detecting and revealing allegations of corruption in the company. This research uses a systematic literature review method by analyzing ten academic journal articles published in 2020-2025 that discuss fraud prevention and disclosure, especially in corruption cases. The results of this study state that forensic accounting has proven effective in detecting various forms of corruption fraud, such as conflicts of interest, gratuities, and abuse of authority, especially if applied by auditors or forensic accountants who have expertise in financial analysis and applicable regulations. Meanwhile, the whistleblowing system allows fraud reporting to be done anonymously with safe protection, and encourages transparency in the organization. However, this research also shows that the two are not always aligned. When the whistleblowing system is effective but forensic accounting is not well implemented, the investigation process is not maximized. Conversely, even if forensic accounting is strong, a weak whistleblowing system can hinder early detection and slow down action against corruption cases.

This study aims to analyze the role of information technology in improving the effectiveness of public administration in Indonesia. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research highlights how technology supports administrative simplification, transparency, and responsiveness to public needs. The study finds that national platforms such as SP4N-LAPOR!, OSS-RBA, and SIPD have contributed to reducing bureaucratic barriers and enhancing public service quality. However, challenges such as digital literacy gaps and infrastructure inequality persist, requiring continuous improvement strategies. The conclusion emphasizes that adaptive policies and human resource capacity development are key to maximizing the benefits of technology in public administration.

Regional development strategies are one of the important steps to improve the economy and distribution of development in various regions. An industry approach that focuses on leading sectors has proven to be an efficient way to maximize the local potential found in each region. This research aims to discuss regional development strategies with emphasis on the use of leading sectors as the main driver of industrialization. This study uses a qualitative approach with the literature review method to explore various studies, reports, and related secondary data. It is known that selecting the appropriate leading sectors, supported by flexible policies and cooperation between the government, industry players, and the community, can increase economic value, create jobs, and strengthen regional competitiveness in a sustainable manner. With a focused and local potential-based approach, industrialization not only accelerates economic growth, but also strengthens the region's economic structure for the long term.

This study aims to examine: (1) the influence of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) on employee performance at PT Nogopatmolo Banjarmasin, (2) the influence of employee performance on company productivity at PT Nogopatmolo Banjarmasin, (3) the influence of KPIs on company productivity at PT Nogopatmolo Banjarmasin, and (4) the influence of KPIs on company productivity through employee performance as a mediating variable. This research employed a quantitative approach. The population consisted of all employees at PT Nogopatmolo Banjarmasin, totaling 120 individuals. A sample of 54 respondents was selected using the Slovin formula. Primary data were collected through interviews and questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained through documentation studies. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the SmartPLS 3.0 application. The results of the study indicate that: (1) KPIs have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Nogopatmolo Banjarmasin, (2) employee performance has a positive and significant effect on company productivity, (3) KPIs have a positive and significant effect on company productivity, and (4) KPIs have a positive and significant effect on company productivity through employee performance as a mediating variable. These findings suggest that the proper implementation of KPIs can enhance employee work quality and sustainably boost company productivity. A single paragraph, maximum 250 words. Abstract content must contain (1) an overview of the object of research, (2) problems, and research objectives, (3) proposed methods, (4) main findings and results and synthesis of main ideas, and (5) conclusions.

Wasting affects health and threatens children potential. Direct factors such as food intake need to be maximized to improve nutritional status. This study aims to determine the differences in energy and macronutrient intake, food parenting, and exclusive breastfeeding history in wasting and non-wasting toddlers in the working area of Sidotopo Wetan Health Center Surabaya. This study is a case control study. Total respondents were 88 toddlers aged 7-60 months, consist 44 wasting toddlers taken with total sampling technique and 44 non-wasting toddlers taken with purposive sampling technique with age and gender matching. Energy intake and macronutrients were obtained by 3x24 hour food recall questionnaire, food parenting patterns obtained from filling out FPSQ (Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire) and FPSQ-M (Milk Version) questionnaires, exclusive breastfeeding history obtained through interviews with questionnaires, anthropometric data measured using digital scales and microtoas. Data analysis used independent t-test and Mann Whitney test. The results of this study showed there were significant differences in energy intake (p=0.000), carbohydrates (p=0.023), protein (p=0.000), fat (p=0.000), and exclusive breastfeeding history (p=0.003) and there was no significant difference in food parenting (p=0.632) between wasting and non-wasting toddlers. Parents are expected to pay attention to food intake and provide exclusive breastfeeding.

The research was conducted directly at the Pertamina Hulu Mahakam CPU Tambora Samarinda Company. The problem in this study is how to control the quality of wastewater and what factors affect the quality of wastewater in the PHM CPU Tambora Samarinda area, while the purpose of the study was to determine the control of wastewater quality and determine the factors that affect the quality of wastewater. Wastewater sampling was carried out in bottles for 31 days at 06.00 am and then sent to the laboratory for analysis of oil content in wastewater. The method used is the control map approach and fish bone diagram. The results of the study showed that the quality of wastewater was still within the standard quality limit of 12.5 ppm (still below the maximum standard of 40 ppm) and the dominant factor affecting the quality of wastewater was the equipment factor, namely due to damage to the pump

One type of efficient and widely used heat exchanger is the Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger (PFHE). PFHE is a device designed to increase the efficiency of heat exchange through a structure of plates assembled together. This design allows a large heat exchange surface area in a relatively small space, creating an efficient environment for heat transfer. This study took the Plate and Frame type Heat Exchanger object, while the purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the Heat Exchanger in the Sea water & Cooling Water system at PT. Eni. The research methods used were the Observation method, Interview method (Question and Answer), and Literature review. The results of the study showed that the performance of the Heat Exchanger in the Sea water & Cooling Water system at PT. Eni runs according to the desired design. The operating temperature line remains below the maximum limit set, and indicates the performance of the heat exchanger in very good condition. This reflects the optimal heat exchange results in Cooling Water. In accordance with the design operating parameters, the achievement of heat exchange in the minimum range of 4 - 5 ℃ and the maximum limit of redistribution temperature in Cooling Water does not exceed 45 ℃, which indicates that this system operates according to the desired standards

The purpose of this study is to analyze efforts and describe factors that influence the right to vote and obtain accessibility as political rights for people with disabilities by the Karanganyar Regency KPUD in the 2024 Presidential and Vice Presidential Election in Jatipuro District. This study is a qualitative study with a case study approach regarding the phenomenon of low voter turnout for people with disabilities in Jatipuro District. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and supporting documents. The results of this study are efforts to provide voting rights and obtain accessibility for voters with disabilities are carried out by registering as voters, conducting socialization for voters with disabilities, conducting technical guidance for Pantarlih and KPPS, and realizing accessibility through mobile ballot box services. However, these efforts have not been maximized because there are no rules that serve as guidelines in determining the ability to vote, there are limitations in time, budget, and personnel in socialization, the workload of KPPS is quite heavy in a short working time causing psychological pressure that has an impact on fatigue and lack of focus, and the geographical conditions of Jatipuro District which cause several TPSs to not yet be accessible to voters with disabilities. Keywords: Right to Vote, Accessibility, Disability Awareness, Regency KPUD, General Election

The development of digital technology encourages MSME players to utilize digital platforms as a medium of information and communication with customers. Widasari Bakery is a bakery established since 1999 in Sidoarjo, has not maximized digital platforms such as websites as information media. This study aims to design the interface design of the Widasari Bakery website as a medium of information and communication to customers. The research method used uses qualitative and quantitative methods involving surveys, interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies, and uses the fishbone diagram method and SWOT analysis to identify problems and look for development potential. The results of this design are expected to increase brand identity and market reach and strengthen the growth of the Widasari Bakery brand in the digital era.

E-Puskesmas is a solution to problems caused by manual systems. It was created to streamline the method of reporting data to the Health Office and digitize the process of providing health services to the community at the Puskesmas. In addition, the online reporting system facilitates the dissemination of information effectively and efficiently. This study aims to determine the impact of using E-Puskesmas in improving the effectiveness of health services at the Pancur Community Health Center in Tanjungpinang City. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of E-Puskesmas has brought significant improvements in managing patient data, appointment scheduling, and reporting processes to the Health Office. Health workers find the system beneficial for storing accurate data, reducing paperwork, and enabling faster coordination with other health facilities. However, the use of the system is still hampered by unstable or slow internet or Wi-Fi networks, which often delay data input and retrieval during busy operational hours. This issue not only reduces efficiency but also causes frustration among staff who rely on the system for daily activities. The conclusion of this study highlights that the use of E-Puskesmas is effective in supporting digital health services but remains suboptimal due to technical challenges. Improving internet connectivity is critical to ensuring seamless operation and maximizing the benefits of the system. The study recommends that the local government and relevant stakeholders enhance the quality of network infrastructure and provide regular technical support and training for Puskesmas staff. By addressing these challenges, the Pancur Community Health Center can improve the stability of its operations and ensure that the E-Puskesmas application delivers optimal results in supporting high-quality, efficient, and technology-driven health services for the community.