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Introduction:  Proteins are an important part of the human immune system. They play a role in a variety of functions related to immunity, including as structural components for immune cells, such as antibodies (which are a type of protein) and white blood cells. Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of Moringa leaf extract for 10 days to albumin and primiparous puerperal women with ruptured perineum degree II in the district Soppeng. Metodes: Design research is a quasi-scale experiment using two groups, intervention and control groups. The sample set, that primiparous puerperal women with ruptured perineum stage II of 50 respondents. The sampling technique is done purposively. Results: showed unpaired t test analysis on levels of albumin found the mean pre-intervention 3:09 / 0:30, post intervention 3.75 / 0:55. With the test results are not berpsangan t p value = 0.000 which means no significant effects of extract of catfish in primiparous puerperal women with ruptured perineum degree II.  . With unpaired T test results found the value of p = 0.000, which means there is a significant effect of the extract catfish on primiparous puerperal women with ruptured perineum degree II In other words, the extract cork fish provide a positive and significant effect on levels of albumin  

The success of maternal and child health can be seen from the indicators of maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). One of the causes of maternal mortality is bleeding that occurs due to anemia during pregnancy. Anemia conditions can be prevented by antenatal care (ANC) checks, and can help make labor run physiologically. Objective To provide comprehensive midwifery care to the patient, family, community or closest friends in order to get appropriate care.This study used a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. In the first visit pregnancy care found the incidence of Mild Anemia, at the second visit found the incidence of Mild Preeclampsia. In the care of childbirth, there were cases of premature rupture of membranes and chepalopelvic disporpotion so that delivery was carried out by Sectio Caesarea. And in the care of newborns, postpartum and family planning there are no problems and the condition of the mother and baby is normal. Based on the comprehensive care provided to Mrs. K, there were no gaps in the care of pregnancy, puerperium, newborn, and family planning, but in the care of childbirth there were some gaps between theory and practice.

Anemia in pregnancy is a national problem because it reflects the socio-economic welfare values of society, and has a huge influence on the quality of human resources. The high incidence of anemia in pregnant women is very worrying because it can have a negative impact on mothers during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The factors that influence the incidence of anemia are lack of nutrients, apart from that, education and maternal parity are closely related to the incidence of anemia. The aim of this study was to obtain information about anemia in pregnant women focusing on education, parity, maternal age and gestational age. This type of research is descriptive, namely to find out the general picture of the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, where the information is obtained from the results of medical records at the Kampili Community Health Center. Overall the population was 1090 and a sample of 375 pregnant women who experienced anemia were obtained. The results of the study concluded that the average education level of mothers who experienced anemia was mothers with a low education parity of more than 4, the mother's age was under 20 years and the gestational age was in the second trimester.

Ramona Thieme Mercer was born on October 4, 1929 is the author of the middle class theory of nursing known as the achievement of the maternal role. Mercer began her Nursing career in 1950, when she received a Diploma from St. Mary's. Margaret's School of Nursing in Montgomery Alabama. Mercer's theory is an example of a middle range theory, it has a lower abstraction that is derived from other theories so that it can be applied to more specific areas of nursing. A very interesting thing, of course, is when a nurse is able to translate how to develop this theory, it becomes easier to apply to patients. Maternal Role Attainment proposed by Mercer follows Bronfenbrenner's work in 1979 which is known as the bird's nest circle which includes a set of microsystem, mesosystem and macrosystem cycles. The application of the becoming a mother model in providing nursing care to postpartum clients is carried out to help clients achieve their role as a mother. So that the mother can provide good care for the baby and the baby can be fulfilled in psychosocial terms.

Postpartum blues or often also called Maternity Blues or Baby Blues is defined as a syndrome of mild side effects that often appears in the first week after delivery and peaks on the third to fifth day and attacks within 14 days after delivery. This study aims to determine the relationship between education level and the incidence of postpartum blues in postpartum mothers. The type of research used is quantitative research using a cross sectional design. The statistical test used is the chi square test. The sample in this study consisted of 95 respondents. Based on the research results, it is known that there is a relationship between the level of maternal knowledge and the incidence of postpartum blues in postpartum mothers (p value 0.002).

Background: To achieve optimal use of exclusive breastfeeding, it is stated in the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia number 33 of 2012 concerning exclusive breastfeeding that health workers and health service facility providers are obliged to provide information and education on exclusive breastfeeding to mothers and/or family members. of babies who are cared for from the pregnancy check up to the end of the exclusive breastfeeding period. Method: The research carried out was a Narrative Literature Review (NLR). Results: There were 10 selected scientific articles ranging from 2017 to 2023. To increase the success of exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate health promotion strategies are needed, such as creating special Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, the availability of media and educational tools such as posters, leaflets, and providing training for health workers to increase the knowledge of health workers, especially midwives, as close contacts in providing counseling during pregnancy, postpartum and newborns. Conclusion: Health promotion during pregnancy can increase the success of exclusive breastfeeding.    

Sometimes umbilical cord infections occur because young mothers are unaware of the need to provide umbilical cord care to their babies after giving birth. The umbilical cord, a type of connective tissue, holds the placenta and foetus together. The umbilical cord functions as a source of life for the foetus while it is in the womb. Umbilical cord care is a procedure for handling the umbilical cord in a sterile, clean, and dry manner to avoid infection. The aim of the research is to find out how health education on umbilical cord care influences the behaviour of postpartum mothers in the work environment at the Kaiely Community Health Centre, Buru Regency, in 2024. This research uses a pre-experimental research strategy. Total sampling was used as the sampling technique. We used the Wilcoxon test to analyze the data. The research findings showed a p-value of 0.001 when compared with the significance level (p-value <0.05), thus approving Ha. This shows that health education regarding correct umbilical cord management influences the behaviour of postpartum mothers in the operational area of the Kaiely Community Health Centre, Buru Regency. Based on the research conclusions, postpartum mothers fall into the poor knowledge category, negative attitude category, action not implemented, poor pre-test and post-test behaviour category, and action not taken. behaviour is classified as very good, and the behaviour of postpartum mothers at the Kaiely Community Health Centre, Buru Regency, is influenced by health education about umbilical cord care.

Pregnancy and childbirth are natural events. Even though it is a natural event, sometimes pregnancy and childbirth are accompanied by risks in the form of complications for both the mother and baby. Complications of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are major health problems for women's health, because they are the biggest cause of maternal and infant mortality. The aim of this service is to socialize the importance of pregnancy checks to health workers in order to detect early danger signs of pregnancy. Data was collected through initial data observation and analysis of documents related to the socialization program. The results of this service activity show that the socialization program has been implemented well for pregnant women in the Kamonji Community Health Center working area and it has been proven that Antenatal Care visits have increased. During the process of this activity there were several obstacles such as pregnant women who were not willing to come to the activity location, pregnant women who happened to be busy with the socialization activity schedule. The final results show that pregnant women are aware of the importance of carrying out pregnancy checks with health workers to find out the danger signs of pregnancy. This activity is routinely carried out on an ongoing basis so that it can support health policy programs.

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and continuing for 2 years in addition to providing adequate complementary foods (MP ASI) has been proven to be an effective intervention that can reduce infant mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship between oxytocin massage and breast milk production in postpartum mothers at the Madiri Rimenda Br Tarigan Midwife Practice, Medan Denai District in 2023. This type of research is research using an analytical survey with a cross sectional method approach. The population was all post partum mothers who visited the Madiri Rimenda Br Tarigan Midwife Practice, Medan Denai District, totaling 34 people. The number of samples used was 34 people obtained using the total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses chi square. The results obtained in this study were that from 34 respondents, there was an effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers, showing that the p value = 0.000 < 0.05. It is recommended for Health Workers to increase education regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding.

Children require special attention as the nation's next generation. The World Health Organization stated that the maternal mortality rate worldwide in 2019 was around 295,000 women who died during and after pregnancy and childbirth. The majority (94%) of maternal deaths occur in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2020). At the 2020 National Working Meeting, the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia in 2019 was still 305 per 100,000 live births (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2020), which is still high when compared to Indonesia's target in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2030, namely 70 per 100,000 live births. (Pusdatin, 2019). The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) era began in 2019 with a program to reduce pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality rates, the achievements of which are still very high in the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) projects that every pregnant woman and newborn needs quality care from pregnancy to the postpartum period. Prenatal care in Indonesia plays an important role in providing quality care, because antenatal care includes elements of health promotion, screening, diagnosis and disease prevention. Indonesia is currently one of the 13 countries with the highest proportion of maternal mortality rates in the world. The high maternal mortality rate is caused by complications during pregnancy. According to the World Health Organization (2019), around 287,000 mothers died due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth, such as bleeding 28%, preeclampsia/eclampsia 2%, infection 11%, and indirect causes (2019), obstetric trauma) 5%. Efforts made to minimize and prevent complications during childbirth are to carry out routine pregnancy checks. Antenatal Care (ANC) is a planned program in the form of observation, providing education and treatment for pregnant women to achieve a safe and satisfactory pregnancy and birth. Antenatal pregnancy checks are the frequency of pregnancy checks at existing health facilities, namely doctors, midwives, health centers, hospitals and other private health facilities. Antenatal examinations should be carried out at least four times during pregnancy, namely once in the first trimester, once in the second trimester and twice in the third trimester (Ministry of Health, 2017). Antenatal examination is a follow-up for pregnant women to prepare physically and mentally and save the mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2018). The importance of pregnancy checks through prenatal examinations, because in general pregnancies proceed normally, but with increasing gestational age it tends to cause dangerous complications (Rukiyah, 2013). Pregnancy checks are important to ensure that the natural process of pregnancy can run normally and continue so that pregnant women have a healthy and safe pregnancy. It is estimated that around 15% to 20% of all pregnant women will experience high risk conditions and obstetric complications that threaten the lives of both mother and fetus if not treated properly. Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2021). OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors related to Antenatal Care Visits at the Corah Pratama Clinic, Munte District, Karo Regency in 2023. METHOD chi square test p value < 0.05 means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, the statistical test results show a significant relationship. RESULTS There is a relationship between age, knowledge and antenatal care visits at the Corah Pratama Clinic, Munte District, Karo Regency in 2023 and there is no relationship between parity and support from health workers and antenatal care visits at the Corah Pratama Clinic, Munte District, Karo Regency in 2023.

Postpartum mothers with HIV who have problems breastfeeding their babies are at risk of experiencing breast pain and swelling caused by milk dams. Breast care intervention is an important action for postpartum mothers with HIV who have problems breastfeeding. The aim of the intervention is to clean and improve blood circulation around the breasts, prevent breast swelling, and reduce discomfort in the breasts. This research method is a case study with pre-post intervention. The sample of this study was postpartum mothers with HIV on the first day. The measurement instrument uses a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measuring instrument to measure the pain scale. Breast care intervention was carried out for 3 days when the patient was hospitalized 2-3 times/day and observations were made to find out complaints of pain and swelling in the breasts. The results showed that there was a decrease in the pain scale from a scale of 5 (moderate) to a scale of 2 (mild) after 3 days of intervention. In conclusion, breast care interventions are effective in reducing the discomfort of pain and swelling in the breasts of postpartum mothers with HIV who have problems breastfeeding.

Postpartum infections, such as sepsis, are still the main cause of maternal death in developing countries. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge about personal hygiene and perineal wound healing in post-partum mothers at the Batang Jambu Pratama Clinic, Sidodadi Village in 2023. The research method used is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population was all 32 post partum mothers with birth canal lacerations, and all of them were used as research samples. The results of the research show that there is a relationship between knowledge about personal hygiene and healing of perineal wounds in post-partum mothers, seen from the results of the chi-square test, which showed a p value of 0.003 < 0.005. It is hoped that health workers at the Batang Jambu Pratama Clinic will provide counseling to post partum mothers about personal hygiene so that mothers get information about how to carry out personal hygiene correctly so that perineal wounds can heal in <6 days.

It is very important to carry out community service in the from of socialization or education, one of which is exercise during pregnency. This activity was carried out at posyandu desa batursari kecamatan sirampog Sub-dristrict in order to increase the knowledge of pregnant women, reduce discomfrom, and pregnency exercess can facilitate the birth process. The is in line with the government’s efforts to make the Maternal Health Program a success in the from of reducing maternal mortality. The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge for pregnant women as an effort to reduce the occurrence of complication during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period thereby reducing maternal mortality. The results obtained in this activity were that there were 21 pregnant women who took part in the socialization about pregnancy exercise at < 22 weeks and > 22 weeks of gestation and were very enthusiastic about listening to the explanation about pregnancy exercise, while pregnant women demonstrated pregnancy exercise as a only 5 probands were aged > 22 weeks. Pregnant women practiced pregnancy exercise movemonts step by step and during the interview the mother felt directly the positive impact of pregnancy exercise movements. Based on the sicialization activities and practice of pregnancy exercise, it was well received by all pregnant women, proven to be very enthusiastic during the socialization unti the question and aanswer discussion took place and showed an enthusiastic attitude during practice.

Postpartum discomfort is a nursing problem that is often experienced by mothers in the postpartum period. One of them is caused by breast enggorgement. The symptoms experienced are pain and the mother's breasts harden making it difficult to breastfeed. Breast care intervention for problems of postpartum discomfort ‘caused by breast enggorgement. A case study that aims to describe the application of breast care to clients with nursing problems of postpartum discomfort with breast enggorgement. The number of respondents in this case study research amounted to 2 mothers post second day sectio caesaria surgery. Breast swelling assessment using the Six Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) with a score of 1-6. In addition, breast care interventions used standard operating procedures and action observation forms. The results of the case study showed that both patients who performed breast care experienced a decrease in the ix Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) score from 4 to 3, with breast criteria still enggogerment but pain level was reduced. Breast milk (ASI) becomes smooth and breastfeeding the baby becomes easier. The implementation of breast care can reduce pain and swelling in the breast.for mother wirh discomfort after birth.

The postpartum period (puerperium) is the period that begins after 2 hours postpartum and ends when the uterus returns to its pre-pregnancy state, lasting 6 weeks. The postpartum period is an important thing to pay attention to in order to reduce maternal mortality. Perineal rupture is a tear caused by spontaneous birth of a baby, either by using a tool or action. Perineal wound care is important to prevent infection of the reproductive organs, one method of perineal wound care is non-conventional therapy using red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) boiled water which contains flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenolic compounds, tannins and essential oils which are known to has antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of red betel (Piper crocatum) cooking water for perineal wound healing in postpartum mothers. This research is a quantitative study with a population of all postpartum mothers with perineal wounds at PMB Rica Merdekawaty with a total sample of 30 respondents consisting of the intervention group and the control group. The data that was collected was then analyzed using the chi square statistical test (p value = 0.029). Based on the chi square analysis, it showed that red betel leaf boiled water was effective in healing perineal wounds in postpartum mothers.

The maternal mortality rate of post-SC infection reaches 7.3%, and 90% causes postpartum morbidity. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the SC wound healing process. This study used a quantitative method, a type of analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design approach. The population of this study were all post-SC mothers in the postpartum ward of Permata Medika Hospital. The sampling technique used was a consecutive sampling of 34 respondents. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis was done using univariate and bivariate (chi-square test, alpha = 0.05). The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between the SC wound healing process and early mobilisation (p-value 0.000 < 0.05), which means there was a relationship between the SC wound healing process and nutritional status (BMI) (p-value 0.04 < 0.05), and there was a relationship between the SC wound healing process and anaemia (p-value = 0.00 <0.05) because if p-value <  0.05, then Ha is accepted. Ho is rejected, meaning a significant relationship exists between early mobilisation, nutritional status, and anaemia in SC wound healing. Many factors affect the SC wound healing process, three of which are early mobilisation factors, which, if done before 6–8 hours after SC, has more potential to accelerate SC wound healing; normal nutritional status as an expression of a person's nutritional balance, which plays a role in the process of body tissue growth and has an impact on the duration of wound healing; and anaemia, which anaemia is a symptom of low haemoglobin levels in the blood and obstructs oxygen flow and prevents the growth and repair of tissue from the SC surgical incision.

Ayah Village is one of the villages in Ayah District, located near the beach. Based on data, exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Ayah's village from January-May 2022 is less than the target of 75%. This is caused by the lack of information regarding exclusive breastfeeding, irregularities in complying with ANC schedules, and less strategic placement of posyandu locations. Apart from that, the two posyandu do not routinely hold classes for pregnant women. The aim of this community service is to prepare for the postpartum period and exclusive breastfeeding through education and Hypnobreastfeeding in the Pregnant Women's Class in my father's village. The community service method is by screening 10 pregnant TM III people according to the criteria to be included in the pregnant women class. Then provide education and Hypnobreastfeeding to prepare for the postpartum and breastfeeding period. After that, an evaluation was carried out to convey the obstacles found when providing service implementation as well as program follow-up plans. The results of the activity showed that after this activity the majority of mothers had good knowledge about preparation for the postpartum period and breastfeeding. This community service activity has been achieved by adding information about education during the postpartum period and hypnobreasfeeding

The Lactational Amenorrhoea Method (MAL) is a type of contraception that can be relied on for six months after giving birth, the mother's fertility period has not yet returned, breastfeeding exclusively is sufficient and does not use bottles to give milk to the baby. The aim is to determine the effect of health education about the lactation amenorrhea method on the knowledge and attitudes of primiparous mothers at Teungku Peukan General Hospital in 2023.The type of research used is quantitative research. Quantitative research is a type of research that produces discoveries that can be achieved (obtained) using statistical procedures or other methods of quantification (measurement) of a set of objects which usually aim to see a picture of phenomena that occur in a certain population. The aim of the researchers was to determine the effect of health education on the knowledge and attitudes of primiparous mothers towards the lactation amenorrhea method.The chi-square value was found to be 0.03 <0.05, which means that there is an influence on the mother's knowledge of the lactation amenorrhea method at Teungku Peukan Regional Hospital in 2023.    

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in the world based on data from the World Health Organization, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2016 reached 289,000 people, divided into several countries, including the United States reaching 9,300 people, North Africa 179,000 people and Southeast Asia 16,000 soul. Approximately 80% of maternal deaths are the result of increased complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery. Causes of maternal death include postpartum hemorrhage, eclampsia, prolonged labor and sepsis. One of the causes of maternal death is prolonged labor with an average number in the world of 8% and in Indonesia it is 9%. The general aim of this research is to determine the factors associated with the incidence of prolonged labor in women giving birth at the Djoelham Binjai Regional Hospital in 2023. Prolonged labor is a situation where the latent phase occurs for more than 8 hours or labor lasts more than 12 hours with the baby not yet being born. On a partograph, labor that is not progressing is indicated by cervical dilatation above the alert line (right side) in the active phase. The pathophysiology of prolonged labor is closely related to the concept of functional stages of labor which explains the physiological goals of labor. There are three functional stages of labor, namely the preparatory division, the opening/dilatation stage and the pelvic division. This research uses a quantitative type of research using retrospective research. The design of this research was carried out using a cross sectional approach. The sample in the study was women giving birth who experienced a long labor at Djoelham Binjai Regional Hospital in 2023. The proportion of respondents who had a long labor due to a weak vagina < 20' was 12 (40%), respondents who had a long labor due to CPD with In the No CPD category, there were 13 (43.3%) respondents who did not give birth for a long time due to their weight, with the weight category > 4000 grams being 12 (40%). The results (p value = 0.030 < 0.05) which means that this research shows that there is a significant relationship between His, CPD and Baby's Weight with Long Parturition at Djoelham Binjai Regional Hospital. The strength and weakness of the His during the birth process greatly influences the speed or Length of labor It is hoped that respondents will be more active in checking their pregnancies to avoid prolonged labor by health workers either at posyandu or other health service places.   Keywords: Partus Lama, Persalinan

.Breast milk is the best food for babies, but mothers often fail to breastfeed or stop breastfeeding earlier than they should. Knowledge is necessary during the postpartum period, especially knowledge about the benefits of colostrum in order to achieve success in breastfeeding and avoid misunderstandings about nutrition for babies. At the beginning of feeding, that is, in the first days when breast milk is released, a liquid that is yellow or clear will come out, which is The best quality baby food is to find out the relationship between the level of knowledge of breastfeeding mothers about colostrum and their provision. Colostrum is breast milk that comes out from the first day to the 4th day. Colostrum is a golden liquid, a protective fluid that is rich in anti-infective substances and high in protein. This liquid is yellow in color or can also be clear and is more like blood than milk, because it contains living cells that resemble white blood cells which can kill disease germs. This research uses a descriptive research design with a cross sectional approach to study the relationship between the level of knowledge of breastfeeding mothers about colostrum at the Pargarutan Community Health Center. South Tapanuli The number of samples used in this research was 30 people, of the 30 respondents it can be seen that there were 24 respondents (80%) who had insufficient knowledge about giving colostrum with 17 respondents (56.7%) not giving colostrum and 7 respondents ( 23.3%) gave colostrum, and those who had good knowledge about giving colostrum with 6 respondents (20%) where all respondents gave colostrum. Fisher's exact p value was 0.035 < 0.05. The need for education to pregnant women about breast milk and Colostrum and breastfeeding mothers are expected to provide breast milk at the beginning of life