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Mastery of the Arabic mufrodat is the main challenge for students in Islamic boarding schools, especially in reading the yellow book which requires a deep understanding of the rules of the Arabic language. This phenomenon reflects the importance of vocabulary mastery in supporting the reading skills of classical Arabic texts. This study aims to (1) analyze the mastery of mufrodat of An-Nidhom Islamic Boarding School students, (2) analyze the ability to read the yellow book, and (3) describe the influence of mastery of mufrodat on the ability to read the yellow book. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires involving 18 students as samples. The analysis was carried out with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed that (1) most of the students had mastery of mufrodat in the categories of very good (55.5%) and good (44.5%), (2) the ability to read the yellow book of students was shown through the accuracy of reading based on the rules of nahwu and shorof, understanding of the content of the reading, and the ability to express the content of the reading systematically, and (3) there was a significant positive influence between the mastery of mufrodat and the ability to read the yellow book, which is supported by grammatical rule-based learning and the active role of Ustadz in the teaching process. This study emphasizes the importance of strategies to strengthen mufrodat learning to improve the ability to read the yellow book in Islamic boarding schools.

Indonesian as a national language seeks to be internationalized through the teaching of BIPA, which requires subject matter that includes linguistic and cultural elements. Teaching often focuses on vocabulary and grammar, neglecting the important cultural context. Javanese culture, particularly the performing art of Reog Ponorogo, can be used as an effective medium of communication and teaching. Through this approach, BIPA teaching can be integrated with immersive cultural experiences, enhancing the understanding of Indonesian language and culture among foreign speakers. In this study, we aim to develop BIPA teaching materials by using local culture such as Reog Ponorogo. In qualitative research, the results emphasize meaning rather than generalization, data collection methods are triangulated, and data analysis is done inductively. The data used were sourced from various books, scientific journals, and the results of a survey of the needs of BIPA teaching materials for foreign speakers at Yale University. The integration of culture in teaching materials, such as the traditional art of Reog Ponorogo, not only enriches the learning experience, but also helps learners understand the social context and values underlying language use. Reog Ponorogo, with its deep symbolism and philosophy, provides an opportunity for learners to not only acquire language proficiency, but also develop Indonesian cultural values and character.

This article aims to examine the role of picture books in enhancing language skills in early childhood from the perspective of children's literature studies. Picture books are considered an effective medium in supporting children's language development because they combine visual and narrative elements that enrich the child's learning experience. Through picture books, children can not only develop vocabulary but also understand language structure, improve listening and speaking skills, and stimulate their imagination. This indicates that engaging and educational picture books can enhance children's language skills, particularly in word recognition, sentence development, and storytelling abilities. Therefore, picture books are a highly beneficial tool in improving language skills in early childhood and should be considered in early childhood education curricula.    

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios. The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.

This study aims to analyze the use of the Al-Ma’any Online Dictionary in supporting the development of Arabic vocabulary mastery among students in PBA 2 class at UIN Sumatera Utara. The primary issue observed among students is the lack of optimal utilization of the online dictionary due to certain challenges in its usage. The focus of this research is to explore how students utilize the online dictionary to enrich their vocabulary and its impact on their Arabic language proficiency. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through interviews with students, observations of dictionary usage, and analysis of student assignments. The findings indicate that the Al-Ma’any Online Dictionary is effective in helping students expand their vocabulary, particularly in discovering word meanings and their usage in various contexts. However, some challenges were identified, such as limited understanding of subtle word meanings and dependency on internet connectivity. This study suggests that vocabulary development through the use of online dictionaries can be optimized by providing guidance and further training for students in utilizing the dictionary's features more comprehensively.

The tahlili method is one of the important approaches in Qur'anic interpretation that emphasizes a very intensive analysis of the holy verses of the Qur'an. This study aims to explore the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the tahlili method and its application in the context of Qur'anic interpretation. By using a qualitative approach and library research, data is collected through a review of relevant literature, both from printed and electronic sources. The results show that the tahlili method, which was first applied in the third period after Tabi'in, has the ability to convey the messages of the Qur'an in a concise and global manner, so that it is easily understood by Muslims. This method also has systematic steps, which include describing the verses of the Qur'an and explaining the meaning of vocabulary according to the rules of Arabic, including general analysis and selection of diction that reflects the Qur'anic lafaz. Although this method has advantages in terms of clarity and freedom from the influence of interpretation, there are also weaknesses that need to be considered, such as parcial instructions and the potential for ineffective interpretation. The author hopes that this research can help contribute to the understanding of the tahlili method and improve a more effective and applicable way of interpreting the Qur'an.

This Research aims to determine the influence of the use of slang among teenagers, especially among students. Slang is a Variation of language that develops among young people and is characterized by non-standard vocabulary, often influencer by popular culture and social media. This Research uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods to explore subjective understanding regarding the use of slang. The Research results show that slang can influence communication, social identity and the development of the Indonesian language. The use of slang allows for more relaxed communication and strengthens social relationship among teenagers. However, excessive use can interfere with understanding formal language, potentially causing misunderstandings and reducing good language skills in formal situations. Therefore, it is important to use slang wisely according to the context and situation. 

Trash talking, as a form of cyberbullying, is often found in internet gaming cafes such as White Wolf Arena and refers to harmful actions such as insinuating, insulting or verbally abusing other players. This phenomenon occurs through voice or text messaging features in anonymous virtual communication, triggering negative behaviours such as trolling and AFK. The vocabulary of Trash talking includes animal words, adjectives, objects, conditions, and human organs. This study aims to analyse the Trash talking behaviour of Valorant players using a descriptive qualitative method with seven purposively selected informants. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and analysed using the Miles and Huberman technique with data triangulation. The results showed that Trash talking behaviour is influenced by sociopsychological and situational factors. The communication media used include voice chat, text chat, and stickers, where the detection system is more effective on text. Virtual communication showed varied Trash talking vocabulary and different levels of offensiveness between voice chat and text. This research identified behaviour, media and virtual communication as the main aspects of Trash talking in Valorant.

Applying storytelling techniques using puppet media is an interesting method for increasing interest in reading in young children. This technique uses dolls as a visual medium that can attract children's attention, thus making the storytelling process more interactive and fun. Dolls, which act as characters in the story, are able to make the story more alive and make it easier for children to understand the message they want to convey. Apart from that, this technique encourages children to participate more actively, both in listening to stories and in responding to the stories being told, which in turn increases their interest in books and reading activities.The use of puppet media in telling stories can enrich children's learning experiences, because it not only develops listening and speaking skills, but also stimulates children's imagination, introduces new vocabulary, and forms a more creative way of thinking. With a more enjoyable atmosphere, children become more interested in reading books that contain similar stories, which helps strengthen their relationship with the world of literacy. Therefore, storytelling techniques using puppet media are an effective approach to introduce literacy from an early age, increase children's interest in reading, and develop their language skills.

Beginning readingability in childrenage5-6years is a basic skill that is very important in supporting their academic development. One effective method for improving this ability is through interesting and interactive media, such as picture word cards. This media is designed to introduce children to basic vocabulary with the help of appropriate pictures, and remember these words. Using picture word cards can strengthen children's reading skills, because they combine attractive visual elements with direct reading practice. Through fun games and activities, children can gradually learn to recognize words, improve their reading fluency and enrich their vocabulary. This approach also provides a pleasant experience, makes the process of learning to read more interesting and reduces the anxiety that may arise in children when learning to read. In this way, picture word cards become an effective medium in supporting the development of early reading skills in young children.

Pediatric cancer is a serious global health problem. Children with cancer often have difficulty managing emotions such as anxiety, sadness and anger. This study aims to improve the ability of children with cancer to recognize, express and manage their emotions through a psychoeducational program. Through this intervention, children are expected to develop more effective coping skills and improve their quality of life. The psychoeducation program will focus on emotion recognition through facial expressions, body language, and emotion-related vocabulary. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more comprehensive psychological interventions for children with cancer.

The transformation of the Indonesian language in the digital era not only creates challenges for, but also opens up great opportunities for dynamic and adaptive language development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of the Indonesian language in the digital era including the challenges and opportunities in the current development of the language. This study uses a descriptive qualitative library research approach, which is a method commonly used in social and linguistic research. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles interactive method which includes three stages, namely data reduction, data grouping (condensation), and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this study indicate that there are significant challenges faced, such as the use of slang and foreign terms that can threaten the authenticity of the language. The opportunities that arise are also very large for the development and preservation of the Indonesian language, where language access becomes wider and the community has the opportunity to enrich vocabulary and improve Indonesian language literacy through various educational platforms.

Speech delays are a developmental challenge often experienced by young children, which can affect their communication skills and social aspects. This research aims to explore the effectiveness of applying visual and audio media in improving the language skills of young children who experience speech delays. The visual media used are picture flashcards, interactive videos and picture story books, while the audio media is children's music, voice recordings and regional songs. This research was conducted at a language therapy center in Indonesia with a case study approach on 10 children aged 3–5 years. The research results show that the combination of visual and audio media can significantly increase children's attention, vocabulary understanding and speaking abilities. The use of local culture-based media such as regional songs also has a positive impact by creating a sense of relevance and emotional closeness. In addition, active involvement of parents in this process increases the success of the intervention. This research recommends consistent application of visual and audio media as part of local context-based therapy to support the language development of children with speech delays. 

This research examines the aspects of relevance, effectiveness, and impact of children's literature on the development of children in Indonesia. In the ever-evolving digital era, this study investigates how traditional children's literature continues to maintain its significance for contemporary generations. The methodology used includes a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, interviews with education experts, and observations of children's literature consumption patterns. The main findings indicate that classic children's literature maintains its relevance through the transmission of universal values and cultural heritage, as well as through adaptation into contemporary formats. The effectiveness of children's literature is proven in the improvement of literacy skills, emotional development, and social learning. Recent developments in children's literature show innovative trends, including theme diversification and the use of digital platforms. Furthermore, this research reveals the significant influence of children's literature on various aspects of development, including cognitive, emotional, social, and the formation of cultural identity. Children's literature serves as a catalyst in stimulating imagination, enriching vocabulary, and facilitating understanding of emotional complexities and social dynamics.The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating diverse children's literature into the education curriculum, as well as collaboration between educators, writers, and other stakeholders to create relevant and impactful content. Recommendations for future research include a deeper exploration of the long-term effects of children's literature exposure on individual development, as well as an investigation into the potential of children's literature in addressing contemporary issues such as digital literacy and global awareness.

This research examines the aspects of relevance, effectiveness, and impact of children's literature on the development of children in Indonesia. In the ever-evolving digital era, this study investigates how traditional children's literature continues to maintain its significance for contemporary generations. The methodology used includes a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, interviews with education experts, and observations of children's literature consumption patterns. The main findings indicate that classic children's literature maintains its relevance through the transmission of universal values and cultural heritage, as well as through adaptation into contemporary formats. The effectiveness of children's literature is proven in the improvement of literacy skills, emotional development, and social learning. Recent developments in children's literature show innovative trends, including theme diversification and the use of digital platforms. Furthermore, this research reveals the significant influence of children's literature on various aspects of development, including cognitive, emotional, social, and the formation of cultural identity. Children's literature serves as a catalyst in stimulating imagination, enriching vocabulary, and facilitating understanding of emotional complexities and social dynamics.The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating diverse children's literature into the education curriculum, as well as collaboration between educators, writers, and other stakeholders to create relevant and impactful content. Recommendations for future research include a deeper exploration of the long-term effects of children's literature exposure on individual development, as well as an investigation into the potential of children's literature in addressing contemporary issues such as digital literacy and global awareness.

This study aims to describe: (1) types of errors in the use of Indonesian language which include errors in spelling, word choice, sentence structure, and paragraph structure; (2) factors causing errors in observation reports of grade VIII students at SMPN 6 Rajadesa; and (3) efforts made to overcome these language errors. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a content analysis approach to samples in the form of observation reports from 3 grade VIII students of SMPN 2 Rajadesa. The results of the study show that: First, the forms of language errors found include errors in spelling, choice of diction, sentence structure, and paragraph structure. Second, factors causing language errors in the report include students' lack of understanding of language rules, inaccuracy when writing, low motivation in writing, and limited student vocabulary. Third, efforts made to correct language errors in this observation report include the application of writing learning with a process approach, increasing understanding of language rules through reading activities, and increasing writing practice for students.

The study used a qualitative descriptive approach method. The purpose of this study was to determine the acquisition of slang lexicon by teenagers on the X application, providing insight into language in the modern era, the role of social media in language development, understanding slang in forming individual and community identities in social media, and understanding rapid language changes due to technological developments. Language variety is a variation of language that differs according to the context of use, including the relationship between the speaker and the listener. Slang, as a form of variation that continues to develop, is heavily influenced by social media, especially the X application (formerly Twitter), which is the main platform for teenagers. Through interactions on social media, users learn and absorb new vocabulary quickly, which shapes their social identity. This study used a qualitative approach to analyze the slang lexicon that appears in the application, finding categories such as abbreviations, foreign words, and phonological changes. Although slang enriches communication, there is a risk of reducing the use of formal language that needs to be balanced with language literacy education.

This study focuses on the analysis of language errors at the linguistic level. It employs a descriptive method to depict an existing and ongoing phenomenon to address the research problem. The process includes a literature review of several journal articles and other sources relevant to the analysis of language errors. Additionally, a video from the TikTok account Pegele, specifically a short video from the ADA Podcast, was used as the analysis material. The video analyzed at the linguistic level was transcribed into written form to facilitate the research process. The short video from the TikTok account Pegele was used as analysis material based on the subtitle textlines included in the video. The study identified several language errors at the linguistic level, including phoneme addition, phoneme reduction, phoneme substitution, affix addition, affix reduction, and affix substitution. These language errors can be attributed to several factors, such as the influence of the mother tongue, limited proficiency in Indonesian, and a lack of formal language instruction. Efforts to reduce linguistic errors in the speech acts performed by Arafah Rianti, Halda, and Derbi Romero in the ADA Podcast program include studying Indonesian sentence structures, expanding vocabulary, and practicing speaking more frequently.

This community service aims to develop students' writing literacy. The main focus of this service is training in effective sentence writing and the application of punctuation. This writing training involved 15 MPI students of the Faculty of Islamic Religion, Islamic University of Balitar Blitar. The training was held for 2 meetings within 1 full day in November 2024. The training in writing scientific papers and journals for students of the Faculty of Islamic Religion (FAI) Unisba includes several stages, namely pretest (writing papers), identification of academic vocabulary, analysis of scientific sentence structure, analysis of the use of punctuation, intensive practice in the preparation of vocabulary, sentences, and punctuation marks according to academic rules, and posttest (writing papers or journals). This activity is carried out in groups and individuals by applying learning strategies and media that are interesting and relevant to the academic needs of students. After participating in the training (posttest), 80% of students were able to reach a proficient and proficient level in writing scientific papers and journals. These results show a significant increase compared to the achievement before the training (pretest), where 73% of students were only able to reach the basic level.  Based on these results, it is recommended to the Faculty of Islamic Religion Unisba to intensify the academic literacy training program, especially in writing scientific papers and journals. Students who have the potential to excel in academic writing need to continue to hone their skills through continuous coaching, while students who still need special assistance can be given additional programs to improve the quality of their skills.

This study explores the unique characteristics of Marine Engineering English, a specialized form of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) used in ship machinery operations. Focusing on technical terminology, idiomatic expressions, and their functional roles, the research aims to identify how Marine Engineering English facilitates clear and efficient communication in marine engineering contexts. Data were collected from marine engineering textbooks, international journals, and authentic communication transcripts, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that Marine Engineering English is characterized by its technical precision, standardized terminology, and use of idioms rooted in maritime traditions. Phrases like "main engine overhaul" and idioms such as "running like a well-oiled machine" are essential for operational safety and teamwork. Compared to General English, Marine Engineering English is highly specialized, with a focus on operational efficiency and cultural identity. The study concludes that integrating technical vocabulary and idiomatic expressions into maritime education can enhance learners' communicative competence. Practical recommendations are provided for learners, educators, and industry professionals to improve the teaching and application of Marine Engineering English.