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MP3 audio files are often used in a variety of fields, but they are prone to security risks such as eavesdropping and illegal access. This study proposes a super encryption method by combining the algorithms of Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) and ElGamal to improve the protection of audio data. RSA was chosen for its efficiency and ease of implementation, while ElGamal offers a high level of security through discrete logarithmic complexity. The combination of the two is expected to address the weaknesses of each algorithm and strengthen file security. The system is developed using the Python programming language with the Visual Studio Code environment. The encryption process is done in layers: MP3 files are first encrypted with RSA, and then the results are encrypted again with ElGamal. The decryption is done in reverse order. Tests are conducted with various MP3 file sizes to measure the effectiveness and performance of the system. The results show that this method is able to secure audio files so that they cannot be accessed without the private keys of both algorithms. Although processing times are increased compared to single encryption, the level of security obtained is much higher. This approach can be an effective solution for protecting digital audio data, particularly MP3 format, and could potentially be applied to a wide range of other data types that require a high level of security.

The advancement of digital technology has had a significant impact on broadcasting production systems, including at Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Banten. This study aims to examine the performance of the vMix Pro application in improving production efficiency and the quality of digital broadcast programs at RRI Banten. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through field observations, interviews with broadcast technicians, and literature studies. The results indicate that the implementation of vMix Pro increased production time efficiency by 50%, reduced operational costs by 40%, and decreased the number of required technical operators from five to three. In terms of quality, both video and audio outputs showed improvement, achieving an average score above 4.6 on a 5-point scale, reflecting more stable, clear, and professional broadcasts. With its user-friendly interface and high device integration capability, vMix Pro has proven effective in streamlining workflows, optimizing resource utilization, and enhancing the overall production quality of broadcasts at RRI Banten

This quantitative study analyzes the influence of Ship Docking Schedule (X1), Port Availability (X2), and Loading and Unloading Productivity (X3) on Vessel Waiting Time (Y) at Tanjung Intan Cilacap Port. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 86 vessel crew respondents and analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression (SPSS v.26). The t-test results indicate that X1, X2, and X3 individually exert a positive and significant influence on Y.1 The regression model demonstrates robust predictive power, explaining 55.2% of the variance in vessel waiting time (R^2{adj}=0.552). Based on the standardized beta coefficients, the Ship Docking Schedule (X1, \beta=0,385) is identified as the most dominant factor, followed by Loading and Unloading Productivity (X3, \beta=0,302) and Port Availability (X2, \beta=0,307).1 This finding confirms that optimizing maritime logistics performance, particularly in bulk terminals facing physical constraints, requires prioritizing procedural efficiency and scheduling accuracy.

Educational institutions are under pressure to create organized and responsible quality assurance systems because raising the standard of education has become a global imperative. The Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI) and the External Quality Assurance System (SPME) are integrated in Indonesia to achieve this. However, accountability must be transparent, real-time, and not just administrative due to the quick digital revolution. In order to enhance educational accountability in the digital age, this study attempts to examine and model the integration of internet-based internal and external quality assurance systems. Nine pertinent papers from 2018 to 2025 were chosen and examined using a systematic Literature Review (LR) process and a qualitative methodology. The findings show that institutional performance and accountability are greatly improved by the successful implementation of SPMI, which is driven by the PPEPP cycle (Planning, Implementation, Evaluation, Control, and Improvement). Additionally, the integration of digital-based systems (e-SPMI) acts as a link between SPME and SPMI, guaranteeing data correctness, efficiency, and transparency for accrediting needs. The results highlight the need for an integrated, web-based quality assurance system that facilitates evidence-based decision-making in order to attain educational accountability in the digital age. In order to automate data collection and reporting procedures, the study advises educational institutions to implement an online quality management information system

Digital transformation has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of public service delivery worldwide, with e-government emerging as a critical mechanism for enhancing government efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of e-government implementation in Indonesia, examining the trajectory of digital transformation in public services, the institutional frameworks supporting this transition, and the multifaceted impacts on service quality and governance outcomes. Through systematic literature review and critical policy analysis, this research explores the evolution of Indonesia's e-government initiatives from early adoption to current comprehensive digital service platforms, investigating both successes and persistent challenges. The findings reveal that Indonesia has made substantial progress in developing e-government infrastructure and applications across national and local government levels, with notable achievements including integrated digital identity systems, online business licensing platforms, and citizen complaint management systems. These initiatives have demonstrably improved service accessibility, reduced processing times, minimized corruption opportunities, and enhanced government responsiveness. However, implementation remains uneven across regions and government institutions, constrained by factors including digital infrastructure disparities, limited digital literacy among citizens and officials, organizational resistance to change, inadequate interoperability between systems, and cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The research identifies critical success factors for effective e-government implementation including strong leadership commitment, adequate resource allocation, comprehensive capacity building programs, citizen-centric design principles, robust legal frameworks, and collaborative partnerships between government, private sector, and civil society.

This study examines the factors affecting Ship Agency Company Performance (Y) at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang. The focus is on four independent variables: Waiting Time Perception (X1), Loading and Unloading Productivity (X2), Document Handling (X3), and Human Resources (X4). Using a quantitative approach and multiple linear regression analysis, data were collected from 100 employees across 27 agency companies. The results indicate that all four independent variables have a positive and significant partial effect on company performance. Waiting Time Perception (X1) was identified as the most dominant factor, with a coefficient of β=0.322\beta = 0.322β=0.322 and tcount=3.152t_{count} = 3.152tcount​=3.152, suggesting that docking time efficiency (influenced by pilot services and vessel intensity) is the key determinant of agency performance. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R2R^2R2) is 0.370, indicating that 37% of the variation in performance is explained by the model, while the remaining 63% is influenced by external factors such as weather and macro policies. This study underscores the importance of managing port time effectively and improving Human Resources competencies to enhance agency performance in congested and digitized maritime environments, offering strategic recommendations for regulators and port managers.

CPU scheduling is a core function in modern operating systems that significantly impacts system performance and efficiency. Among various scheduling algorithms, Priority Scheduling is widely used and exists in two main variants: non-preemptive and preemptive. The non-preemptive mode allows a process to run to completion, while the preemptive mode can interrupt a running process for a higher-priority one. Understanding the behavioral differences between these modes is crucial but often challenging through manual calculations. To address this, an interactive web-based application was developed to simulate and visualize both preemptive and non-preemptive Priority Scheduling algorithms. The research method involved designing the system logic based on the core principles of each scheduling variant, followed by implementation using standard web technologies: HTML, Tailwind CSS, and JavaScript. The application allows users to input custom process data or load predefined case studies, select the scheduling mode, and instantly receive a comprehensive analysis. The results include a dynamically generated Gantt chart, a detailed performance metrics table (including turnaround time and waiting time), and a step-by-step execution log. Through a comparative analysis of a specific case study, the application is proven to be an effective educational tool. It accurately simulates both modes and visually demonstrates the impact of preemption on execution order, resource utilization, and key performance metrics, thereby simplifying the learning process for students and educators.

This study aims to analyze work time efficiency and determine standard time in the furniture production process at CV. JM Putra using the Time and Motion Study method. The background of this study stems from the problem of low production time efficiency due to suboptimal work methods, ineffective work area layout, and a lack of systematic work time measurement. The research was conducted quantitatively and descriptively through direct observation, interviews, and time measurements using a stopwatch for the table production process, which consisted of five main activities. The results showed that the average total cycle time for one table unit was 347.25 minutes, with the activity of assembling the table frame being the longest activity at 120.13 minutes or about 34.6% of the total working time. After performance assessment and the addition of a 15.5% allowance factor, the standard time was obtained at 129.03 minutes. These results indicate that the activity of assembling the table frame is the most critical point that affects production efficiency. The implications of this study show the importance of improving work methods, area layout, and operator training to increase labor productivity. The application of standard time measurement results can be used as a basis for setting work standards, production capacity planning, and a more objective labor incentive system.

Employee performance is a crucial element in determining the success of the company's operations, especially in the logistics sector which demands efficiency and speed of service. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the performance of employees of PT. Universal Tunggal Logistics which operates at the Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang. The research method used is a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to employees of the operational and administrative departments. The variables tested included work motivation, work environment, leadership style, and employee competence. Data analysis was conducted to identify the dominant factors that contribute to the performance improvement. The results of the research are expected to make an empirical contribution to the development of more effective managerial strategies in improving productivity and service quality. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the EMKL (Sea Cargo Expedition) industry, which has unique operational characteristics compared to other service sectors, such as high dependence on cross-agency coordination, port dynamics, and tight time demands. The findings of this study are expected to be a reference for similar logistics companies in designing adaptive and evidence-based human resource policies, as well as strengthening competitiveness amid the challenges of globalization and digitalization of the logistics sector.

This research examines how cost characteristics influence the relationship between target costing and time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) approaches and their subsequent impact on corporate competitiveness. Using a descriptive analytical approach, the researcher collected data through a structured questionnaire, which was then processed and analyzed using SPSS software. The study aimed to test the validity of the proposed hypothesis, which suggested that a standalone approach—either target costing or TDABC—fails to sufficiently enhance competitiveness. However, the integration of both approaches proved to be beneficial, allowing companies to improve their competitive positioning by reducing overall costs. The research concludes that combining target costing and TDABC can create synergies that better align with the goal of cost reduction. As a recommendation, companies are encouraged to integrate these cost management approaches to maximize their competitive advantage in the market and optimize cost efficiency.

Digital transformation in public services is an absolute necessity in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, including in local government personnel management. This research analyses the digital transformation of civil servants’ (ASN) promotion services through the implementation of the Promotion Management System (SIPEKAT) at the Regional Personnel Agency of Sidoarjo Regency. Employing a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation study, this research explores the transformation process from a manual to a digital system, the implementation challenges, and its impact on service effectiveness and efficiency. The results indicate that the digital transformation via SIPEKAT successfully increased processing time efficiency by up to 60%, reduced the use of physical documents by up to 85%, and improved the transparency and accountability of the services. However, challenges were found, including a digital competence gap among employees, limitations in technological infrastructure in several Regional Government Work Units, and resistance to change from some stakeholders. The novelty of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the digital transformation ecosystem of personnel services, integrating technological, organisational, and user behaviour perspectives, whilst producing an e-government implementation model for personnel services that can be adopted by other local.

Manual post-harvest paddy stirring requires significant time and labor and often results in uneven mixing, which can affect grain quality. To address this issue, this study designed and implemented a prototype of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based paddy stirring robot to simplify the process and improve efficiency. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller, DC motors as the stirring mechanism, and an IoT module for wireless connectivity to a mobile application. The research stages included hardware design, control system programming, IoT platform integration, and performance testing. Testing was conducted to evaluate response time, mixing uniformity, and power consumption. The results showed that the system could be operated remotely via a local Wi-Fi network with an average delay of less than 1 second, enabling real-time control. The prototype successfully stirred 0.3 kg of paddy with a mixing uniformity rate of 92% and an average power consumption of 12 watts. The application of IoT in the paddy stirring mechanism significantly improved time efficiency, reduced manual labor requirements, and maintained grain quality compared to traditional methods. These findings indicate the potential for further development into a large-scale automated paddy processing system with integrated humidity and temperature sensors for real-time quality monitoring, supporting the modernization of post-harvest processing through digital technology.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are biological agents that play an important role in increasing the efficiency of nutrient uptake and plant tolerance to abiotic stress, especially in acidic soils such as ultisols. This study aims to analyze the growth and yield responses of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) to the combination of NPK fertilizer doses and AMF inoculation. The study was conducted in Sungai Talang, Gadut, Agam Regency, from June to October 2025 using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors, namely AMF inoculation (without AMF, Glomus sp., and Rhizophagus sp.) and NPK fertilizer doses (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of the recommendation). The results showed a significant interaction between AMF inoculation and NPK doses on plant height, dry weight, flowering time, and fruit yield per plant. Glomus sp. inoculation with a 50% NPK fertilizer dose resulted in the highest growth and yield, equivalent to the 100% NPK treatment without AMF. The integration of AMF with a 50% reduction in NPK dosage has been shown to maintain crop productivity. This strategy can serve as a basis for developing a sustainable agricultural system based on nutrient efficiency and soil microbial balance.

PT Care Spunbond faces significant challenges in managing production status reports due to its reliance on a manual, paper-based recording system. This results in non-real-time data input, slow data processing, and a high risk of data loss or corruption. To address these issues, this study aims to design a user-friendly, web-based dashboard for monitoring and reporting production status. This system is designed to enable fast data input, provide easy access for the Quality department, and provide secure and integrated data storage. The research method used is a descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature studies. After that, a system analysis was conducted using the PIECES framework to identify existing problems, followed by the design of a UML (Unified Modeling Language)-based system. The results show that the proposed system can improve data processing efficiency, improve report accuracy, and ensure better production data security. With the implementation of this system, the company is expected to accelerate data-driven decision-making, increase transparency, and support efforts to continuously improve product quality.

This research aims to develop a digital-based governance model for village finance to support the realization of a Smart and Green Village. The study analyzes how digital transformation in village finance management can increase transparency, accountability, and efficiency, while promoting sustainability-oriented budgeting and environmental practices. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was used to identify, evaluate, and synthesize scientific publications from 2022 to 2025, accessed through reputable databases such as ScienceDirect, Springer, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, SAGE, ACM, and IEEE. The review focused on topics including digital governance in villages, digital public finance, smart village development, green budgeting, environmental sustainability, and rural digital transformation. Findings indicate that digital-based village finance governance enhances administrative efficiency, strengthens budget transparency through real-time monitoring, minimizes financial deviation risks, and boosts public participation in fiscal accountability. Integrating digital systems with green budgeting features enables the prioritization of sustainable programs, such as renewable energy, waste management, climate change mitigation, and green infrastructure development. The study suggests a comprehensive digital-based governance model that includes e-budgeting, e-accounting, digital payment systems, public transparency dashboards, and environmental performance indicators to support the implementation of a Smart and Green Village. This research offers strategic insights for village governments, policymakers, and practitioners on the importance of adopting digital governance tools to improve financial management and strengthen sustainable development at the local level.

In the digital era, business entities increasingly rely on computerized systems to manage financial activities efficiently. This study aims to design and develop a web-based financial reporting application for UD Jaya Abadi, a trading company located in Magetan Regency. The development process utilized the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology to ensure user involvement and rapid prototyping. Data were collected through observation and interviews with the business owner to identify problems in manual bookkeeping and report preparation. The resulting application automates financial processes including sales, purchases, journal entries, and financial reporting in accordance with SAK ETAP standards. System modules include master data management, transaction recording, and financial reporting such as income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow reports. Testing using the black box method confirmed that all system functions operated correctly. This web-based system enhances data accuracy, minimizes human error, and provides real-time access to financial information, significantly improving the efficiency of financial management at UD Jaya Abadi.

This study aims to analyze the effect of using multi-platform accounting on the timeliness and accuracy of financial reporting at PT XYZ, a service company engaged in the distribution of cement. In carrying out its operations, this company uses three different types of accounting applications in the financial recording process, namely Microsoft Excel, Accurate and Semenku. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method and data collection through observation. The results of the study indicate that the use of multiple platforms simultaneously can cause data inconsistencies and slow down the financial reporting process, but on the other hand it also provides flexibility in recording transactions. Therefore, system integration or evaluation of platform use is needed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of financial reporting.

This research seeks to evaluate how asset and logistics management innovation enhances operational efficiency in the Household Division of the East Java Provincial Secretariat. The study focuses on the bureaucratic reform initiative aimed at attaining transparent, accountable, and effective asset management via digital transformation. The emphasis lies on how digital inventory systems, purchasing methods, and asset allocation aid in minimizing budget waste and improving efficiency. This research utilized a qualitative descriptive strategy through a case study technique. Data were gathered via extensive interviews, direct observation, and analysis of internal documents, subsequently undergoing data reduction and triangulation to confirm validity. The results indicate that the adoption of the e-inventory system has enhanced administrative efficiency by as much as 30%, but issues persist with data integration and employee digital skills. Additionally, the lack of a real-time public monitoring system restricts transparency in logistics management. The research advises enhancing employee training, creating cohesive SOPs, and adopting technology-driven assessment systems. These actions are anticipated to promote effective, efficient, and sustainable asset management in the East Java Provincial Secretariat.

The DC motor serves as the main drive of the vessel and is equipped with a rotary encoder that functions to regulate the movement of the sensor in measuring sediment levels. This rotary encoder is also used to monitor and represent the rotational speed of the DC motor. System testing was carried out by implementing a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) algorithm to control the DC motor speed in moving the vessel, ensuring stable motion. This fuzzy logic–based approach is expected to improve accuracy and efficiency in sediment volume calculations, while also reducing potential errors that commonly occur in manual methods. Simulating motor speed control using the fuzzy logic algorithm in MATLAB, the best test results were achieved over several trials, with a rise time of 376.310 ms and an overshoot of 83.33%. Motor speed measurements using both a tachometer and Arduino produced consistent results, with an average relative error of 0.18%.

This study presents a Systematic Literature Review on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications for customer support automation and digital service optimization. The review follows the PRISMA framework to ensure methodological rigor and transparency, focusing on literature published between 2020 and 2025 from the Scopus database. The findings reveal that AI-driven technologies, including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Large Language Models, have significantly improved efficiency, response time, and customer satisfaction in customer support and digital service. Common NLP applications include sentiment analysis, ticket classification, and automated response generation. Among these, hybrid and transformer-based models demonstrate superior accuracy and contextual understanding compared to traditional algorithms. However, several challenges persist, including data quality limitations, privacy and security concerns, algorithmic bias, and linguistic ambiguities such as sarcasm and negation. Moreover, issues related to trust and ethical adoption continue to influence user acceptance of AI systems. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current methodologies, trends, and research gaps, offering insights for future studies to develop explainable, secure, and human-centered AI systems that enhance the sustainability and transparency of digital customer support services.